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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 287 1st International Conference on Education and Social Science Research (ICESRE 2018) Politics Identity and Electoral Contestation among the Bakumpai Tribes (a Geopolitical survey at Central Kalimantan) Subtitles: Politics Identity, Prespective Political Education on Beginner Voters H.Fimeir Liadi Khairil Anwar Desi Erawati IAIN Palangkaraya IAIN Palangkaraya IAIN Palangkaraya Abstract-Bakumpai residents are active Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy’ n.d., said that despite the fact of the presence and absence of every idea about self, identity, identification legislative candidates and regional leaders from the community (nation, ethnicity, sexuality, class, etc.), Bakumpai tribe. This reflects that the Bakumpai and the politics that flows from it, are just fictions Tribe is still not contaminated with Identity Politics marking the standardization of meanings temporarily, (Setia Budi, oral interview). This research is a sub- partially, and arbitrarily. Politics without the insertion title of Identity politics and electoral contestation of power arbitrarily into language, cutting ideologies, among the Bakumpai Tribes (a Geopolitical survey positioning, crossing direction, and disobedience is in Central Kalimantan) in which the Beginner impossible. Identity markers 'culture' may come from Voters of the Bakumpai Tribes in the three a specificity that is believed to exist in religion, Research Areas (Katingan District, Murung Raya language and traditional customs in the community and North Barito District) are great potential .However, it is not as simple as that, because King according to BPS data and KPU that the Beginner also said that the construction of cultural identity is a Voters are 27.6%.The basic question is whether complex one in part because this construction is one of this new voter group has been contaminated by the historical products. The observation results of the Identity Politics? And how do these youth groups previous regional elections, Political Identity emerged perceive the regional election in their respective after the regional elections in several regions in regions? This study applies the Survey method. Indonesia. In contrast, according to some political The survey was conducted in 6 senior high schools observers in Central Kalimantan, the regional which had a population of Bakumpai tribes, elections in Central Kalimantan are very democratic, namely 2 schools in the district Katingan Tengah 1. where minorities can become rulers like several SMAN 1 Katingan and MA. Ashalihin. 2 Schools in governors, such as Cilik Riwut, R.Silvanus, WA Murung Raya Regency, namely SMAN 1 .Gara, and Teras Narang. They are non-Muslims and PurukCahu and MAN 1 MuaraLaung and 2 the majority of Central Kalimantan are Muslims. Schools in North Barito namely SMAN-2 Some districts like Murung Raya Regency, Dr.Willy MuaraTeweh and MAN 1 MuaraTeweh. The Yosef became the Regent of Murung Raya Regency number of population is 354 students. The results for two periods, Drs.Perdie M. Yosep, MA, the recent showed that in the initial survey session, the regent at this time is Protestant Christian and the majority of Beginner Voter students already knew majority of Murung Raya inhabitants are Muslim. their rights as voters and had learned election The recent Kapuas Regent, Ir. Ben Brahim is a simulation through their respective schools under Protestant Christian and Kapuas inhabitans are the guidance of Civics Teachers and had several Muslim majority. However, in some Non Muslim visits from the regional Election Commission and areas such as East Barito Regency, The majority of Election Supervisor Committee as election Protestant Christian becomes the winner of the organizers and election supervisors. regional election. He was Ampera AY Mebas, SE. He was Protestant in the predominantly Protestant Keywords- politics identity, electoral contestation, Christian area. In Gunung Mas Regency, the election political education, beginner voters, Bakumbai winner was Drs. Anton S. Dohong in the Christian Tribes majority Protestants. He is also a Protestant Christian (Collected from the data of Central Kalimantan I. INTRODUCTION Election Commission) Politics Identity is based on strategic essentialism, in which we act as if identity becomes a Some experiences in Central Kalimantan stable entity for certain political and practical Elections, it is noted that Regencies in the Aliran purposes. Cressida Hayes, in ‘Identity Politics Sungai areas (South Barito Regency, North Barito Regency and Murung Raya Regency) with the Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 106 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 287 population majority are Bakumpai tribes, from the likely the reason is that Tjilik Riwut, included researcher’s observations, there is no indication of Bakumpai as Dayak Ngaju and Ot Danum Identity Politics, such as Murung Raya Regency. The because they see the same meaning of both. Ot majority people are Muslim, but the election winner is means upstream; danum means water. Therefore, non-Muslim. The people of South Barito were Ot Daum means the Upstream Water or the balanced between non-Muslim and Muslim, and the Upper River. Bakumpai tribes live in hicks. Bi- election winner is Muslim as like North Barito. The aju means; Bi = from; aju = hicks. Therefore, Bi- participation of the Bakumpai tribes in the regional aju means from Udik. Ngaju = U. Maybe Tjilik election in the past was very dominant. Some Riwut, indirectly wants to reveal Ot Danum observers said that the Bakumpai people were active Dayak territories in the river area. (Qulyubi, nd). in the success of the legislative election and regional Another opinion about Bakumpai,, who quoted election. Bakumpai residents are active despite the fact the opinion of Charles Hose anthropologist from of the presence and absence of legislative candidates England, suggested that the term Dayak was a and regional leaders from the Bakumpai tribe. This cultural nomenclature for an ethnic group living reflects that the Bakumpai Tribe is still not on the island of Borneo, covering around 200 contaminated with Identity Politics (Setia Budi, oral tribes and then divided into 6 major groups interview). This research is a sub-title of Identity (Punan , Murut, Kahayan, Iban, Kenyah and politics and electoral contestation among the Klemantan) based on their origin, arrival period Bakumpai Tribes (a Geopolitical survey in Central to Kalimantan and their cultural characteristics. Kalimantan) in which the Beginner Voters of the Based on Charlos Hose, Bakumpai as one of the Bakumpai Tribes in the three Research Areas sub-ethnic groups of the Kahayan race. It was (Katingan District, Murung Raya and North Barito assumed that Bakumpai was originated from a District) are great potential according to BPS data and village bearing the name Bakumpai in the upper KPU that the Beginner Voters are 27.6%. The basic reaches of the Barito river. They spread to south question is whether this new voter group has been inhabiting along the Barito river, turning to the contaminated by Identity Politics? And how do these Kahayan river and the Mentaya river Sampit up youth groups perceive the regional election in their to Tumbang Samba (Kasongan), Central respective regions? Why this research is carried out in Kalimantan. In the spreading out, ethnic these three regions, based on BPS data that in these Bakumpai met with Malay tribes and began to three regions is the majority of the Bakumpai tribe embrace Islam in early 1688 through the spread which has characteristics, namely, the people majority of Islam from the Sultanate of Demak. From the are Bakumpai tribes and are Muslim. The results of headwaters of the Barito river, the Bakumpai the regional election are non-Muslim and not from the people spread to the upper reaches of the Bakumpai tribe. Even the candidates of the Bakumpai Mahakam river in Long Putih flowing to south people themselves lost. Exception in North Barito up to Long Iram. Between Tjilik Riwut and district, the former regent from Bakumpai tribe won Maulani, there is a difference in describing the the election and also defeated the Bakumpai Tribe Bakumpai Dayak pedigree. However, both of from the Struggling Indonesian Democratic Party them have in common that Bakumpai Dayaks (PDIP). live on the banks of the Barito river. Then, it was supported by Setia Budhi in his article ‘Tracing II. RELATED STUDIES the Traces of the Bakumpai Tribe’, stating that A. Overview of the Bakumpai Tribe ‘Most researchers agree that the Bakumpai Tribe is part of the Ngaju Dayak clan. This community Bakumpai or Dayak Bakumpai tribes lives in up river dan down river of Barito area. are indigenous tribes who inhabited along the Some other researchers also mention that the banks of the Barito River in South Kalimantan Bakumpai Tribe is a branch of the hamlet ethnic and Central Kalimantan. The area lies from the group living in the central part of Kalimantan city of Marabahan, Barito Kuala to Puruk Cahu which is closely related to Siang, Deyah, Witu in town, Murung Raya. The Bakumpai tribe the North and Kahayan in the West . originates from the upper reaches of the former Bakumpai District. Meanwhile, the downstream B. Politics and Beginner Voters (Youth) is a Barangas (Baraki) settlement. The north Political education is the way in which a (upstream) area of the former Bakumpai District nation transfers its political culture from one is the Mangkatip District area. Mengkatib is a generation to the next. Meanwhile, political settlement of the Dayak Bara Dia tribe or the culture is the overall value, empirical belief, and Mangkatip Dayak Tribe. Both Bakumpai and expressive symbol determining the atmosphere Mangkatip tribes are descendants of the Dayak creation where political activities are held. Ngaju tribe from the Dayak Land. Bakumpai was Political education is a process of delivering the also included in the Ot Danum Dayak section nation's political culture, covering political ideas which consisted of 68 small tribes.
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