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Tigerpaper 41-3.Pmd REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (RAP), BANGKOK FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Regional Quarterly Bulletin on Wildlife and National Parks Management Vol. XLI: No. 3 2014 Featuring Vol. XXVIII: No. 3 Contents Conservation initiatives for coral reef ecosystem in Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh, India.............................. 1 A preliminary checklist of birds of Sati Karnali Community Forest, Kailali, Nepal.......................................................11 Components and status of incubation mounds of Megapode freycinet in Rumberpon Island, Inndonesia.................. .....15 Protecting bee colonies of Nandagudi and Ramagovindapura as a World Heritage Site in Karnataka, South India........... 21 An overview of the status and conservatin initiatives of red panda in Nepal..........................................................25 REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC FAO and RECOFTC strengthen forest tenure capacity in TIGERPAPER is a quarterly news bulletin Asia...............................................................................1 dedicated to the exchange of information Roadmap for bioenergy technology......................................4 relating to wildlife and protected area Foresters gather to review the state of the world’s forests.... 6 management for the Asia-Pacific Region. Vietnamese farmers to get assist from FFF..........................7 Asia-Pacific Forestry Chips and Clips................................. 8 ISSN 1014 - 2789 Strengthening the role of communities in climate change mitigation through participatory forest management Address. in Bhutan....................................................................... 11 Building understanding and capacities for good governance TIGERPAPER and legal compliance among forest enterprises, media and FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific government.................................................................... 12 Maliwan Mansion, Phra Atit Road Experts engineer solutions to landslide threats...................... 13 Bangkok, 10200, Thailand Criteria and indicators to promote sustainable forest Tel: (662) 697-4000 management in policy and practice................................... 14 E-mail: [email protected] XIV World Forestry Congress............................................ 15 Website: http://www.fao.org/asiapacific/ FAO Asia-Pacific Forestry Calendar................................... 16 rap/nre/links/tiger-paper/en/ Editor: Janice Naewboonnien Advisor: P. Durst TIGERPAPER is dependent upon your free and voluntary The opinions expressed by the contributions in the form of articles, news items, and announcements in contributing authors are not the field of wildlife and nature conservation in the region. In order to necessarily those of FAO. The better serve the n eeds of our readers please write to us and send in the designations employed and the information you have or let us know if there is any information that you presentation of the material in the need. We appreciate receiving your letters and make all efforts to TIGERPAPER do not imply the respond. expression of any opinion on the part Front cover: Sakuraeolis gujaratica, an endemic Ophisthobranch from the of FAO concerning the legal or Gulf of Kachchh (Photo: Courtesy of R.D. Kamboj) constitutional status of any country, Back cover: Acanthastrea hillae, a species of hard coral found in the Gulf of territority or sea area, or the Kachchh (Photo: Courtesy of R.D. Kamboj ) delimitation of frontiers. Vol. 41: No. 3 2014 | Conservation initiatives for coral reef ecosystem in Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh Conservation initiatives for coral reef ecosystem CONSERVATION INITIATIVES FOR CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM IN MARINE NATIONAL PARK, GULF OF KACHCHH, GUJARAT, INDIA by R.D. Kamboj Introduction (Balasubramanian and Ajmal Khan, 2001). Mangroves, coral reefs and seagrasses are three ujarat State is not only bestowed with the main ecosystems, which are considered as nature’s Glongest coastline in the country, it is also blessed natural sanctuary. In order to protect the marine with a remarkable diversity of marine ecosystems ecosystems, an area of 457.92 km2 was declared and habitats (Kamboj et al., 2014). The Gulf of as a Marine Sanctuary vide Govt. of Gujarat Kachchh (GoK), one of the three gulfs of the notifications in 1982. It was a historical step towards country, is home to a wide variety of marine flora the conservation of marine biodiversity and and fauna. The southern coast of the Gulf of resources in the country as India’s first Marine Kachchh harbors one of the northernmost coral Protected Area came into existence. Later on, an reefs of the world, home to a wide spectrum of additional area of 162.89 km2 was declared as marine fauna and flora, including a few endemic Marine National Park in 1982. According to various species (Jose, 1964; Apte et al., 2010). This region studies, much less diversity of corals has been has 42 islands with a rich biodiversity of corals and recorded in the Gulf of Kachchh with an area of their associated fauna and flora. It is a unique marine 352.50 km2 (Table 1). ecosystem offering the most challenging environment for protection and conservation of Coral reefs are highly productive and valuable coastal and marine biodiversity (ICMAM, 2002). ecosystems in the coastal zone, contributing to the sustenance of the country through fisheries, tourism, | The Gulf of Kachchh is the northernmost reef region pharmaceuticals, etc. (Satyanarayana and in India where the distribution of biota is determined Ramakrishna, 2009). Coral reefs and their by factors such as an arid climate, large semi-diurnal associated organisms form a spectacular tidal amplitudes and negative water balance underwater view, which attracts tourists, as it Table. 1. Coral coverage along Indian coastline Sr. No Major Coral Reef Area Area (Km2) No. of Coral species recorded 1. Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat 352.50 49 2. Gulf of Mannar 75.93 96 3. Lakshadweep Islands 933.70 114 4. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 959.30 297 Total 2,321.43 345 Ref: Coral Atlas of Gujarat State, 2011 111 Vol. 41: No. 3 2014 | considered as an underwater paradise. Corals can algal cells, called zooxanthellae, within their tissue be divided into reef building (hermatypic) corals and these algae are the primary energy source and non-reef building (ahermatypic) corals. for the reef-building activities of hermatypic corals Hermatypic corals usually contain millions of tiny (Venkataraman and Satyanarayana, 2012). Table 2. Areal extent of reefs of the Marine National Park in Gulf of Kachchh Sr. no Name of the Island Area (Km2) 1. Bural Chank 122.90 2. Dhani bet 51.00 3. Narara 43.00 4. Kalubhar 31.60 5. Munde-ka-bet 27.50 6. Paga 18.50 7. Ajad 16.70 8. Pirotan 12.90 9. Jindra 12.90 10. Goose Island 05.90 11. Jodiya 04.40 Conservation initiatives for coral reef ecosystem in Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh | 12. Changri 01.80 13. Bet Shankhondhar 01.80 14. Poshitra 01.20 15. Okha 00.40 Total 352.50 Source: Coastal zones of India, published by Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad, 2011. The coral reef in Marine National Park (MNP) Mundeka reefs, Paga reef, Azad reef, Pirotan covers an area of about 352 km2 and is distributed Island, Jindra Island, Goose reef, Shankondhar, in 27 islands. The distribution of coral reef in Changri reef, Poshitra, Laku Point, Pashu reef, Marine National Park indicates that the Bural Mangunda, Boria reef, Dholiogugar, Lenga Marudi chank occupies the maximum area of 122.90 km2, and Man Marudi, Bhaidar Island, Mitha Chusna whereas Okha occupies the least area of 0.40 km2 Island, Khara Chusna Island and Savaj reef. (Table 2). The prominent areas of coral distribution Distribution of different species in each island is are Bural chank, Chakhadi and Dhani Islands, tabulated in Table 3. Narara, Sikka creek, Kalubar Island, Dedika and 2 Table 3: Distribution of coral species in different Islands of Marine National Park 1. Pirotan Island, 2. Narara, 3. Sikka creek, 4. Goose reef, 5. Dedika, 6. Mundeka reefs, 7. Kalubar Island, 8. Jindr aIsland, 9. Laku Point, 10. Poshitra, 11. Pag Pashu reef, 13. Mangunda, 14. Boria reef, 15. Azad reef, 16. Dholiogugar, 17. Lenga Marudi, 18. Man Marudi, 19. Bhaidar Island, 20. Bural reef, 21. Mitha Ch 22. Khara Chusna Island, 23. Savaj reef, 24. Chandri reef, 25. Shankondhar, 26. Chakhadi and 27. Dhani Islands Coral species Islands 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Acanthastrea hillae X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Acropora humilis X X X Barbattoia amicoru Coscinaraea columna Coscinaraea monile X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Cymphastrea serailia X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Dendrophyllia X Vol.41:No.32014 micranthus Dendrophyllia minuscula Diploastrea heliopora X X X Echinophyllia aspera Favia favus X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Favia maxima X X X X Favia speciosa X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Favites bestae X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 | | | Conservation initiatives for coral reef ecosystem in Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh Kachchh of Gulf Park, National Marine in ecosystem reef coral for initiatives Conservation | Conservation initiatives for coral reef ecosystem in Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh | 4 4 Favites flexuosa X X X X X X X X X X X X Favites halicora Fav ite s com plan ta X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Vol. 41:No.32014 Goniastrea pectinata X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Goniopora minor X X X X X X X X
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