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Energy Evaluation of a New Construction Pilot Community: Fresno, California A Energy Evaluation of a New Construction Pilot Community: Fresno, California A. Burdick, A. Poerschke, A. Rapport, and M. Wayne IBACOS, Inc. June 2014 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, subcontractors, or affiliated partners makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available electronically at http://www.osti.gov/scitech Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: mailto:[email protected] Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 phone: 800.553.6847 fax: 703.605.6900 email: [email protected] online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste Energy Evaluation of a New Construction Pilot Community: Fresno, California Prepared for: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory On behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Building America Program Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 15013 Denver West Parkway Golden, CO 80401 NREL Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 Prepared by: A. Burdick, A. Poerschke, A. Rapport, and M. Wayne IBACOS, Inc. 2214 Liberty Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222 NREL Technical Monitor: Michael Gestwick Prepared under Subcontract No. KNDJ-0-40341-03 June 2014 iii [This page left blank] iv Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ vi List of Tables .............................................................................................................................................. vi Definitions .................................................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. viii 1 Introduction and Background ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 House Characterization ........................................................................................................2 1.2 Variations from the Systems Integrated Measures Package ................................................4 2 Modeling Methods ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.1 Energy Modeling .................................................................................................................9 3 Research and Experimental Methods .............................................................................................. 10 3.1 Utility Data Collection .......................................................................................................10 3.2 Analysis Methodology .......................................................................................................10 4 Results ................................................................................................................................................. 12 4.1 Annual Energy Use ............................................................................................................12 4.2 House 1 Utility Usage ........................................................................................................13 4.3 House 2 Utility Usage ........................................................................................................14 4.4 House 3 Utility Usage ........................................................................................................15 4.5 House 5 Utility Usage ........................................................................................................16 4.6 House 6 Utility Usage ........................................................................................................17 4.7 Inverse Modeling and Utility Bill Disaggregation .............................................................18 5 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................... 20 5.1 Verification of Predicted Energy Savings ..........................................................................20 5.2 Disaggregated Load Analysis ............................................................................................20 5.3 Construction Best Practices ...............................................................................................21 5.4 Additional System Trade-offs ............................................................................................21 5.5 Construction Efficiencies Realized by Trade Partners ......................................................21 6 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................ 23 References ................................................................................................................................................. 24 v List of Figures Figure 1. Least-cost curve .......................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 2. Annual energy use comparison of utility bills and models .................................................. 12 Figure 3. House 1 gas usage.................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 4. House 1 electricity usage ......................................................................................................... 14 Figure 5. House 2 gas usage.................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 6. House 2 electricity usage ......................................................................................................... 15 Figure 7. House 3 gas usage.................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 8. House 3 electricity usage ......................................................................................................... 16 Figure 9. House 5 gas usage.................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 10. House 5 electricity usage ....................................................................................................... 17 Figure 11. House 6 gas usage ................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 12. House 6 electricity usage ....................................................................................................... 18 Unless otherwise noted, all figures and photos were created by IBACOS. List of Tables Table 1. Plan Types ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Table 2. Installed Options for Each Test House ...................................................................................... 4 Table 3. Summary of Occupant Self-Reported Occupancy and Miscellaneous Loads ....................... 4 Table 4. Duct Leakage to Outdoors and Whole-House Infiltration Rates ............................................. 5 Table 5. Annual Source Energy Savings for the Test House ................................................................. 8 Table 6. Adjusted Set Point Parameters ................................................................................................. 13 Table 7. Change in Model Accuracy Due to Adjusted Set Points ........................................................ 13 Table 8. Disaggregated Energy Consumption from Inverse Modeling Compared to BEopt ............ 19 Unless otherwise noted, all tables were created by IBACOS. vi Definitions ACH50 air changes per hour at 50 Pascals AFUE annual fuel utilization efficiency AMY Actual Meteorological Year BEopt™ Building Energy Optimization (software) CAHP California Advanced Homes Program CEC California Energy Commission CFM cubic feet per minute HSP House Simulation Protocols IMT ASHRAE Inverse Modeling Toolkit JR/JC job ready/job complete kWh kilowatt hours SEER seasonal energy efficiency ratio SIMP systems integrated measures package TMY Typical
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