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Arxiv:0711.0760V3 [Hep-Th]
DBI N-flation John Ward1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria BC, V8P 1A1, Canada Abstract We investigate DBI inflation using N multiple branes and show how the configuration is equivalent to a single wrapped D5-brane with flux. We then show how 1/N corrections can be implemented, and we examine the sound speed and levels of non-Gaussianities in two distinct cases. For models with constant warping we find that the non-Gaussian amplitude is bounded from above (as a function of γ). For AdS backgrounds we find that the signature is generally large and positive, although is no longer globally defined over the full phase space. We then investigate an inflationary mechanism using a representation cascade, whereby the transition from a reducible representation to the irrep drives inflation. arXiv:0711.0760v3 [hep-th] 26 Nov 2007 [email protected] 1 Introduction In the absence of any direct test of string theory, cosmology remains the best laboratory with which to test string theoretic models [1]. Over the past few years we have witnessed cosmology become a precision science, with COBE, WMAP and SDSS [2] providing crucial support for the flatness of the universe, the existence of dark energy and for a period of cosmic inflation. Whilst the dark energy puzzle remains an outstanding problem for theoretical physics in general [3], inflation has been a carefully developed paradigm with many explicit models. Unfortunately as far as inflationary model building is concerned, there are still many problems to be resolved. Particularly since many of the models suffer from super-Planckian VEV’s for the inflaton field [1], and therefore find themselves in a region where quantum gravity effects are non-negligible. -
Quantum Symmetries and Stringy Instantons
PUPT–1464 hep-th@xxx/9406091 Quantum Symmetries and Stringy Instantons ⋆ Jacques Distler and Shamit Kachru† Joseph Henry Laboratories Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544 USA The quantum symmetry of many Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds appears to be broken by Yang-Mills instantons. However, isolated Yang-Mills instantons are not solutions of string theory: They must be accompanied by gauge anti-instantons, gravitational instantons, or topologically non-trivial configurations of the H field. We check that the configura- tions permitted in string theory do in fact preserve the quantum symmetry, as a result of non-trivial cancellations between symmetry breaking effects due to the various types arXiv:hep-th/9406091v1 14 Jun 1994 of instantons. These cancellations indicate new constraints on Landau-Ginzburg orbifold spectra and require that the dilaton modulus mix with the twisted moduli in some Landau- Ginzburg compactifications. We point out that one can find similar constraints at all fixed points of the modular group of the moduli space of vacua. June 1994 †Address after June 30: Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. ⋆ Email: [email protected], [email protected] . Research supported by NSF grant PHY90-21984, and the A. P. Sloan Foundation. 1. Introduction Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds [1,2] describe special submanifolds in the moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau models, at “very small radius.” New, stringy features of the physics are therefore often apparent in the Landau-Ginzburg theories. For example, these theories sometimes manifest enhanced gauge symmetries which do not occur in the field theory limit, where the large radius manifold description is valid. -
Is There Eternal Inflation in the Cosmic Landscape ?
Is there eternal inflation in the cosmic landscape ? Henry Tye Cornell University hep-th/0611148 ArXiv:0708.4374 [hep-th] with Qing-Guo Huang, ArXiv:0803.0663 [hep-th] with Dan Wohns and Yang Zhang, ArXiv:0811.3753 [hep-th] IPMU, 04/01/09 Expansion of the universe k ρm ρr H2 =Λ+ + + a2 a3 a4 • a(t) = the cosmic scale factor ~ size of universe • H = Hubble constant =(da/dt)/a • Λ = dark energy ~ cosmological constant ~ effective potential • k = curvature • ρm = matter density at initial time • ρr = radiation density at initial time • H = constant ⇒ a = eHt Inflation BRIEF ARTICLE THE AUTHOR 1 (1) d = s(Λc)/ξ +1 ∼ ∼ 1 ∼ −1/4 (2) ξ s(Λs) Λs ms (3) d>60 BRIEF ARTICLE (4) T (n) " T0/n THE AUTHOR 4 (5) Γ = msT (6) n ∼ 1/Hs 1 Eternal Inflation Ht 3 3Ht (7) (1) a(t) " e → V = a(t) " e τ > 1/H Suppose the universe is sitting at a local minimum, with a ln L (2)lifetime longer than the Hubble lntime:g ∼− L = −e Then the number of Hubble patches will increase −Si (3) exponentially. Even after some Hubble patchesαi have∼ e decayed, there would be many remaining Hubble patches (4) that continue to inflate. |βij| < αi (5) Eternal inflation impliesφi = thatϕi/f i somewhere in the universe (outside our horizon),d −1 (6) Γt ∼ n Γ0 inflation is still happening today. T (A → B)T (B → C) (7) T (A → C)= ∼ T0/2 T (A → B)+T (B → C) −S (8) ΓA→B = ΓB→C = Γ0 ∼ e 2 (9) ΓA→C ∼ ΓA→BΓB→C = Γ0 1 1 2 (10) tA→C = tA→B + tB→C = + ∼ → → 1 ΓA B ΓB C Γ0 Γ0 (11) Γ → = A C 2 −S (12) Γ(1) = Γ0 ∼ e − (13) Γ(2) ∼ e 2S − (14) Γ(2) ∼ e S − (15) Γ(n) ∼ e S (16) +H2φ2 2 2 (17) H = U/3MP 1 Flux compactification in Type II string theory where all moduli of the 6-dim. -
SUSY After LHC8: a Brief Overview
EPJ Web of Conferences 60, 18001 (2013) DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136018001 © Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2013 SUSY after LHC8: a brief overview Enrico Bertuzzo1;a 1Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. Abstract. With the 8 TeV LHC run now concluded, the first consequences of the experimental results on the supersymmetric parameter space can be drawn. On one hand, the negative direct searches place more and more stringent bounds on the mass of supersymmetric particles; on the other hand, the discovery of a 125 GeV Higgs boson points toward a quite heavy spectrum for the squarks of the third generation, at least in the minimal supersymmetric model. In this note I will briefly recap how this constitutes a problem for the naturalness of supersymmetric models, as well as the current experimental situation. Moreover, I will point out possible non minimal models in which the naturalness issue can be at least soften. 1 Introduction: the Hierarchy problem, much larger, as expected from the previous considerations. once more This is the well known Hierarchy Problem. Inspection of Eqs. (1-2) shows possible ways to evade After the discovery of a scalar particle with mass around the problem: we can either assume a very low cut-off ΛNP, 125 GeV and properties closely resembling those of the or we can try to cancel all the large contributions adding Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson [1, 2], the long stand- new particles with suitably chosen couplings. The first ing problem of the stability of fundamental scalar masses way has been pursued in the last years in models of Com- has become more acute than ever. -
Sacred Rhetorical Invention in the String Theory Movement
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Communication Studies Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research Communication Studies, Department of Spring 4-12-2011 Secular Salvation: Sacred Rhetorical Invention in the String Theory Movement Brent Yergensen University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/commstuddiss Part of the Speech and Rhetorical Studies Commons Yergensen, Brent, "Secular Salvation: Sacred Rhetorical Invention in the String Theory Movement" (2011). Communication Studies Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research. 6. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/commstuddiss/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Communication Studies, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Studies Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. SECULAR SALVATION: SACRED RHETORICAL INVENTION IN THE STRING THEORY MOVEMENT by Brent Yergensen A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Communication Studies Under the Supervision of Dr. Ronald Lee Lincoln, Nebraska April, 2011 ii SECULAR SALVATION: SACRED RHETORICAL INVENTION IN THE STRING THEORY MOVEMENT Brent Yergensen, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2011 Advisor: Ronald Lee String theory is argued by its proponents to be the Theory of Everything. It achieves this status in physics because it provides unification for contradictory laws of physics, namely quantum mechanics and general relativity. While based on advanced theoretical mathematics, its public discourse is growing in prevalence and its rhetorical power is leading to a scientific revolution, even among the public. -
Inflation in String Theory: - Towards Inflation in String Theory - on D3-Brane Potentials in Compactifications with Fluxes and Wrapped D-Branes
1935-6 Spring School on Superstring Theory and Related Topics 27 March - 4 April, 2008 Inflation in String Theory: - Towards Inflation in String Theory - On D3-brane Potentials in Compactifications with Fluxes and Wrapped D-branes Liam McAllister Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA hep-th/0308055 SLAC-PUB-9669 SU-ITP-03/18 TIFR/TH/03-06 Towards Inflation in String Theory Shamit Kachru,a,b Renata Kallosh,a Andrei Linde,a Juan Maldacena,c Liam McAllister,a and Sandip P. Trivedid a Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA b SLAC, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309, USA c Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA d Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, INDIA We investigate the embedding of brane inflation into stable compactifications of string theory. At first sight a warped compactification geometry seems to produce a naturally flat inflaton potential, evading one well-known difficulty of brane-antibrane scenarios. Care- arXiv:hep-th/0308055v2 23 Sep 2003 ful consideration of the closed string moduli reveals a further obstacle: superpotential stabilization of the compactification volume typically modifies the inflaton potential and renders it too steep for inflation. We discuss the non-generic conditions under which this problem does not arise. We conclude that brane inflation models can only work if restric- tive assumptions about the method of volume stabilization, the warping of the internal space, and the source of inflationary energy are satisfied. We argue that this may not be a real problem, given the large range of available fluxes and background geometries in string theory. -
Some Comments on Equivariant Gromov-Witten Theory and 3D Gravity (A Talk in Two Parts) This Theory Has Appeared in Various Interesting Contexts
Some comments on equivariant Gromov-Witten theory and 3d gravity (a talk in two parts) This theory has appeared in various interesting contexts. For instance, it is a candidate dual to (chiral?) supergravity with deep negative cosmologicalShamit constant. Kachru Witten (Stanford & SLAC) Sunday, April 12, 15 Tuesday, August 11, 15 Much of the talk will be review of things well known to various parts of the audience. To the extent anything very new appears, it is based on two recent collaborative papers: * arXiv : 1507.00004 with Benjamin, Dyer, Fitzpatrick * arXiv : 1508.02047 with Cheng, Duncan, Harrison Some slightly older work with other (also wonderful) collaborators makes brief appearances. Tuesday, August 11, 15 Today, I’d like to talk about two distinct topics. Each is related to the general subjects of this symposium, but neither has been central to any of the talks we’ve heard yet. 1. Extremal CFTs and quantum gravity ...where we see how special chiral CFTs with sparse spectrum may be important in gravity... II. Equivariant Gromov-Witten & K3 ...where we see how certain enumerative invariants of K3 may be related to subjects we’ve heard about... Tuesday, August 11, 15 I. Extremal CFTs and quantum gravity A fundamental role in our understanding of quantum gravity is played by the holographic correspondence between conformal field theories and AdS gravity. In the basic dictionary between these subjects conformal symmetry AdS isometries $ primary field of dimension ∆ bulk quantum field of mass m(∆) $ ...... Tuesday, August 11, 15 -
The Diffusion of New Media Scholarship: Power, Innovation, and Resistance in Academe
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 5-2002 The Diffusion of New Media Scholarship: Power, Innovation, and Resistance in Academe Judith R. Edminster University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Edminster, Judith R., "The Diffusion of New Media Scholarship: Power, Innovation, and Resistance in Academe" (2002). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1520 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Contents Title Page Abstract Overview Methodology THE DIFFUSION OF NEW MEDIA SCHOLARSHIP: POWER, The Origin and INNOVATION, AND RESISTANCE IN ACADEME Development of the Dissertation Genre ● Current Value by ● Traditional Print ● Genre Theory Current ETD Initiatives JUDITH R. EDMINSTER ● International Initiative ● UMI Role A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment ● US Innovators of the requirements for the degree of ● Best Practices Doctor of Philosophy ● Graduate Department of English Education College of Arts and Sciences ● Challenges to University of South Florida Diffusion ● Training Issues ● Recommendations May 2002 The Diffusion of ETDs ● Relative Advantages Major Professor: Joseph M. Moxley, Ph.D. ● Compatibility Committee Members: James A. Inman, Ph.D. with Academic Debra Jacobs, Ph.D. Norms Rosann Webb Collins, Ph.D. ● Communication Barry Maid, Ph.D. ● Complexity, Trialability, Observability The University of South Florida ETD Pilot Project Sound Files and Sample ETDs References THE DIFFUSION OF NEW MEDIA SCHOLARSHIP: POWER, INNOVATION, AND RESISTANCE IN ACADEME by JUDITH R. -
Hunting for Supersymmetry and Dark Matter at the Electroweak Scale
HUNTING FOR SUPERSYMMETRY AND DARK MATTER AT THE ELECTROWEAK SCALE By SEBASTIAN MACALUSO A dissertation submitted to the School of Graduate Studies Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Physics and Astronomy Written under the direction of David Shih And approved by New Brunswick, New Jersey October, 2018 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Hunting for Supersymmetry and Dark Matter at the Electroweak Scale By SEBASTIAN MACALUSO Dissertation Director: Professor David Shih In this thesis, we study models of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) at the electroweak scale and their phenomenology, motivated by naturalness and the nature of dark matter. Moreover, we introduce analyses and techniques relevant in searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We start by applying computer vision with deep learning to build a boosted top jets tagger at the LHC that outperforms previous state-of-the-art classifiers by a factor of ∼ 2{3 or more in background rejection, over a wide range of tagging efficiencies. Next, we define a cut and count based analysis for supersymmetric top quarks at LHC Run II capable of probing the line in the mass plane where there is just enough phase space to produce an on-shell top quark from the stop decay. We also implement a comprehensive reinterpretation of the 13 TeV ATLAS and CMS searches with the first ∼ 15 fb−1 of data and derive constraints on various simplified models of natural supersymmetry. We discuss how these constraints affect the fine-tuning of the electroweak scale. -
Non-Higgsable Clusters for 4D F-Theory Models
Non-Higgsable clusters for 4D F-theory models The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Morrison, David R., and Washington Taylor. “Non-Higgsable Clusters for 4D F-Theory Models.” J. High Energ. Phys. 2015, no. 5 (May 2015). As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2015)080 Publisher Springer-Verlag Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98237 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published for SISSA by Springer Received: January 6, 2015 Accepted: April 18, 2015 Published: May 18, 2015 Non-Higgsable clusters for 4D F-theory models JHEP05(2015)080 David R. Morrisona and Washington Taylorb aDepartments of Mathematics and Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, U.S.A. bCenter for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We analyze non-Higgsable clusters of gauge groups and matter that can arise at the level of geometry in 4D F-theory models. Non-Higgsable clusters seem to be generic features of F-theory compactifications, and give rise naturally to structures that include the nonabelian part of the standard model gauge group and certain specific types of potential dark matter candidates. In particular, there are nine distinct single nonabelian gauge group factors, and only five distinct products of two nonabelian gauge group factors with matter, including SU(3) × SU(2), that can be realized through 4D non-Higgsable clusters. -
Arxiv:1808.09134V2 [Hep-Th] 24 Sep 2018
KIAS-P18089 Algebraic surfaces, Four-folds and Moonshine Kimyeong Lee1, ∗ and Matthieu Sarkis1, y 1School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea The aim of this note is to point out an interesting fact related to the elliptic genus of complex algebraic surfaces in the context of Mathieu moonshine. We also discuss the case of 4-folds. INTRODUCTION terms of the holomorphic Euler characteristic of a for- mal series with holomorphic vector bundle coefficients. In their seminal paper [1], Eguchi, Ooguri and We give for it a simple expression in terms the self- Tachikawa made the interesting observation that the el- intersection number of the canonical class and the Euler liptic genus of K3 admits a decomposition in terms of number. One can then deduce the behaviour of the ellip- N = 4 super-Virasoro characters, whose coefficients hap- tic genus under blow ups, allowing us to state in which 2 pen to correspond to the dimension of representations sense any surface with positive K may be relevant for a geometric understanding of Mathieu moonshine. of the largest Mathieu sporadic group M24. This phe- nomenon was formalized in a precise conjecture related We finally discuss how the discussion for surfaces can be extended for 4-folds. to the existence of a graded module for M24 whose prop- erties would precisely mimic the experimental observa- tion of [1]. This conjecture was then proved by Gan- Conventions: non [2]. Many authors have made important contribu- • We will omit the modular argument and denote tions towards understanding Mathieu moonshine from by θ(z) the odd Jacobi theta function θ(τ; z) when a physics perspective in terms of the BPS spectrum of unambiguous, cf. -
High Energy Physics Quantum Information Science Awards Abstracts
High Energy Physics Quantum Information Science Awards Abstracts Towards Directional Detection of WIMP Dark Matter using Spectroscopy of Quantum Defects in Diamond Ronald Walsworth, David Phillips, and Alexander Sushkov Challenges and Opportunities in Noise‐Aware Implementations of Quantum Field Theories on Near‐Term Quantum Computing Hardware Raphael Pooser, Patrick Dreher, and Lex Kemper Quantum Sensors for Wide Band Axion Dark Matter Detection Peter S Barry, Andrew Sonnenschein, Clarence Chang, Jiansong Gao, Steve Kuhlmann, Noah Kurinsky, and Joel Ullom The Dark Matter Radio‐: A Quantum‐Enhanced Dark Matter Search Kent Irwin and Peter Graham Quantum Sensors for Light-field Dark Matter Searches Kent Irwin, Peter Graham, Alexander Sushkov, Dmitry Budke, and Derek Kimball The Geometry and Flow of Quantum Information: From Quantum Gravity to Quantum Technology Raphael Bousso1, Ehud Altman1, Ning Bao1, Patrick Hayden, Christopher Monroe, Yasunori Nomura1, Xiao‐Liang Qi, Monika Schleier‐Smith, Brian Swingle3, Norman Yao1, and Michael Zaletel Algebraic Approach Towards Quantum Information in Quantum Field Theory and Holography Daniel Harlow, Aram Harrow and Hong Liu Interplay of Quantum Information, Thermodynamics, and Gravity in the Early Universe Nishant Agarwal, Adolfo del Campo, Archana Kamal, and Sarah Shandera Quantum Computing for Neutrino‐nucleus Dynamics Joseph Carlson, Rajan Gupta, Andy C.N. Li, Gabriel Perdue, and Alessandro Roggero Quantum‐Enhanced Metrology with Trapped Ions for Fundamental Physics Salman Habib, Kaifeng Cui1,