Brutalist Architecture 1 Brutalist Architecture
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Brief History of Architecture in N.C. Courthouses
MONUMENTS TO DEMOCRACY Architecture Styles in North Carolina Courthouses By Ava Barlow The judicial system, as one of three branches of government, is one of the main foundations of democracy. North Carolina’s earliest courthouses, none of which survived, were simple, small, frame or log structures. Ancillary buildings, such as a jail, clerk’s offi ce, and sheriff’s offi ce were built around them. As our nation developed, however, leaders gave careful consideration to the structures that would house important institutions – how they were to be designed and built, what symbols were to be used, and what building materials were to be used. Over time, fashion and design trends have changed, but ideals have remained. To refl ect those ideals, certain styles, symbols, and motifs have appeared and reappeared in the architecture of our government buildings, especially courthouses. This article attempts to explain the history behind the making of these landmarks in communities around the state. Georgian Federal Greek Revival Victorian Neo-Classical Pre – Independence 1780s – 1820 1820s – 1860s 1870s – 1905 Revival 1880s – 1930 Colonial Revival Art Deco Modernist Eco-Sustainable 1930 - 1950 1920 – 1950 1950s – 2000 2000 – present he development of architectural styles in North Carolina leaders and merchants would seek to have their towns chosen as a courthouses and our nation’s public buildings in general county seat to increase the prosperity, commerce, and recognition, and Trefl ects the development of our culture and history. The trends would sometimes donate money or land to build the courthouse. in architecture refl ect trends in art and the statements those trends make about us as a people. -
Renzo Piano Designs a Reverent Addition to Louis Kahn's Kimbell
SEEMING INEVITABILITY: renzo piano designs a reverent addition to louis kahn’s kimbell 6 spring INEVITABILITY: Lef: Aerial view from northwest. Above: Piano Pavilion from east, 2014. Photos: Michel Denancé. by ronnie self Louis Kahn’s and Renzo Piano’s buildings for the Kimbell Art Museum in Fort Worth are mature projects realized by septuagenarian architects. They show a certain wis- dom that may come with age. As a practitioner, Louis Kahn is generally considered a late bloomer. His most respected works came relative- ly late in his career, and the Kimbell, which opened a year and a half before his death, is among his very best. Many of Kahn’s insights came through reflection in parallel to practice, and his pursuits to reconcile modern architec- ture with traditions of the past were realized within his own, individual designs. spring 7 Piano (along with Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini) won the competition for the Centre Pompidou in Paris as a young architect piano’s main task was to respond appropriately only in his mid-30s. Piano sees himself as a “builder” and his insights come largely through experience. Aside from the more famboyant Cen- to kahn’s building, which he achieved through tre in the French capital, Piano was entrusted relatively early in his career with highly sensitive projects in such places as Malta, Rhodes, alignments in plan and elevation ... and Pompeii. He made studies for interventions to Palladio’s basilica in Vicenza. More recently he has been called upon to design additions to modern architectural monuments such as Marcel Breuer’s Whitney Mu- seum of American Art in New York and Le Corbusier’s chapel of Notre Dame du Haut in Ronchamp. -
ANNE TYNG: INHABITING GEOMETRY April 15 – June 18, 2011 GRAHAM FOUNDATION
ANNE TYNG: INHABITING GEOMETRY April 15 – June 18, 2011 GRAHAM FOUNDATION Anne Tyng, A Life Chronology By: Ingrid Schaffner, Senior Curator, Institute of Contemporary Art Philadelphia & William Whitaker, Curator and Collections Manager, The Architectural Archives, University of Pennsylvania All quotes: Anne Tyng. 1920 Bauer; classmates include Lawrence Halprin, Philip July 14: born in Jiangxi, China, to Ethel and Walworth Johnson, Eileen Pei, I.M. Pei, and William Wurster. Tyng, American Episcopal Missionaries. The fourth of five children, Tyng lives in China until 1934 with periodic furloughs in the United States. 1944 Graduates Harvard University, MA Architecture. In New York, works briefly in the offices of: Konrad Wachsmann; 1937 Van Doren, Nowland, and Schladermundt; Knoll Graduates St. Mary‘s School, Peekskill, New York. Returns Associates. to China for a family visit; continues to travel with her sister around the world via South Asia and Europe. 1945 Moves to Philadelphia to live with parents (having left as refugees of the Japanese invasion in 1939, they return to 1938 China in 1946). Employed by Stonorov and Kahn. The only Enrolls in Radcliffe College, majoring in fine arts. woman in an office of six, Tyng is involved in residential and city planning projects. 1941 1947 Takes classes at the Smith Graduate School of Architecture Joins Louis I. Kahn in his independent practice; initial and Landscape Architecture (a.k.a The Cambridge School), projects include the Weiss House (1947-50) and Genel the first women‘s school to offer architectural studies in House (1948-51), as well as the Radbill Building and the United States. -
Brutalism? Some Remarks About a Polemical Name, Its Definition, and Its Use to Designate a Brazilian Architectural Trend
Published at En Blanco n.9/2012 pages 130-2 Avaliable at: http://www.tccuadernos.com/enblanco_numero.php?id=86 Brutalism? Some Remarks About a Polemical Name, its Definition, and its Use to Designate a Brazilian Architectural Trend Ruth Verde Zein [email protected] Mackenzie University São Paulo, Brazil Abstract The term Brutalism is both used and ignored in the architectural literature of the second half of the twentieth century. A thorough analysis of the term shows that it does not have a single, agreed-upon meaning. Although its definition and frequent use have not provided an unequivocal characterization of a Brutalist “essence,” to use Reyner Banham’s words, there seems to be no shortage of architecture identified as Brutalist, even if they are only superficially related. Paradoxically, instead of disregarding the term as inappropriate or vague, we might consider it adequate if we agree that what is common to all the architecture referred to as Brutalist is nothing more than their appearance. By accepting a non-essentialist definition of this movement, one may correctly apply the term to a number of different works, from different places, designed between 1950 and 1970. For the most part, what really connects these buildings is not their essence but their surface, not their inner characteristics but their extrinsic ones. Such a straightforward definition, encompassing the broad variety of Brutalist works, has the merit of providing a working definition of a broadly influential if understudied movement in modern architecture. 1 Fifty years after Brasilia’s inauguration in 1960, Brazilian architecture remains stuck in the same frozen images of a glorious moment in history. -
A Biography of the American Architect Louis Kahn
Narrative Section of a Successful Application The attached document contains the grant narrative and selected portions of a previously funded grant application. It is not intended to serve as a model, but to give you a sense of how a successful application may be crafted. Every successful application is different, and each applicant is urged to prepare a proposal that reflects its unique project and aspirations. Prospective applicants should consult the Research Programs application guidelines at https://www.neh.gov/grants/research/public-scholar-program for instructions. Applicants are also strongly encouraged to consult with the NEH Division of Research Programs staff well before a grant deadline. Note: The attachment only contains the grant narrative and selected portions, not the entire funded application. In addition, certain portions may have been redacted to protect the privacy interests of an individual and/or to protect confidential commercial and financial information and/or to protect copyrighted materials. The application format has been changed since this application was submitted. You must follow the guidelines in the currently posted Notice of Funding Opportunity (see above link). Project Title: American Architect Louis Kahn (1901-1974): A Portrait in Light and Shadow Institution: Threepenny Review Project Director: Wendy Lesser Grant Program: Public Scholars 400 Seventh Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20506 P 202.606.8200 F 202.606.8204 E [email protected] www.neh.gov Significance and contribution My project will be the first full-length biography of the architect Louis Kahn, and the only book about him to be aimed at a wide general audience. -
TOM FINKELPEARL (TF) Former Deputy Director of P.S
THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART ORAL HISTORY PROGRAM INTERVIEW WITH: TOM FINKELPEARL (TF) Former Deputy Director of P.S. 1 INTERVIEWER: JEFF WEINSTEIN (JW) Arts & Culture Journalist / Editor LOCATION: THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART DATE: JUNE 15, 2010 BEGIN AUDIO FILE PART 1 of 2 JW: I‟m Jeff Weinstein and we are sitting in the Architecture and Design conference room at the education and research building of The Museum of Modern Art on Tuesday, 3:30, June 15th, and I‟m talking to… TF: 2010. JW: 2010. Is it Thomas or Tom? TF: Tom. JW: Tom Finkelpearl. And we‟re going to be talking about his relationship to P.S. 1. Hello. Could you tell me a little background: where you were born, when, something about your growing up and your education? TF: Okay. Well, I was born in 1956 in Massachusetts. My mom was an artist and my dad was an academic. So, actually, you know, I had this vision of New York City from when I was a kid, which was, going to New York City and seeing, like, abstract expressionist shows. We had a Kline in our front hall. They had a de Kooning on consignment, but they didn‟t have the three hundred and fifty dollars. And so the trajectory of my early childhood was that I always had this incredible vision of coming to New York City and working in the arts. Then actually, I went undergraduate to Princeton. I was a visual arts and art history major, so I was an artist when I started P.S. -
'Joints Like Sculpture'- Louis Kahn's Richards Building and the "Precisionist Strain"
41 4 ARCHIPELAGOS: OUTPOSTS OF THE AMERICAS 'Joints like Sculpture'- Louis Kahn's Richards Building and the "Precisionist Strain" THOMAS LESLIE, AIA Iowa State University The recent opening of the Marshall D. Ile~ersArchixe at the P; ritirig in 1960. \ incent Scully described Louis kahn's design Universitj of Pennsllxania has provided a neu source of for tlie 4. Y.Richards Medical Laboratories at the I nix ersitj of photographs docurnentirig tlie building's unique construction. Pennsqlxania as a participant in the American '"Precisionist The parallel discover! bj the author of a prexiousl! unpubl- Strain.""' This short-lix ed formulation described for Scullj a ished manuscript bq the project's precast contractor sheds tendenc? in herican architecture toward 'puritj of shape. additional light on the project's multi-faceted concern for linearit! of detail. and. at times. compulsixe repetition of weaxing together function. performance and assembly. These elements." and included xlorlts as early as the 'taut. hollow documents support an explanation of the building's conception hoxes' of 17th century Ilassachusetts. the 'clear. sharplj as the -monumentalization of technique.' and the largel! separate geometric shapes* of the Lniversit! of \ irginia. and undocumented role of Iiahn as a building technologist oi the Louis Sullix an's "actixe staternentls] of human force."? \lore first order. Richards' direct influence on a generation of currentlj. the "icj. taut cubes' of SOVs banks and office technically inclined architects in the 1970s indicates that these buildings and the 'brittle planeb^ and *ruggedl! conceix ed' concrete of 1iahn"s building represented the continuation of nenl! axailable documents support the xieu of Kahn as a - A seminal figure in the dexelopment of the so-called 'hi-tech' this Puritan obsession ~ith'perfect. -
Four Freedoms Park Conservancy 2017 & 2018
Four Freedoms Park Conservancy 2017 & 2018 Four Freedoms Park Conservancy Board of Directors William J. vanden Heuvel, Founder & Chair Emeritus • Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr., Honorary Chair Barbara Shattuck Kohn, Chair • Sally Minard, Vice Chair • Alison M. von Klemperer, Secretary William R. Griffith, Treasurer • Clark Copelin • John S. Dyson • Barbara Georgescu • David Handler Donald B. Hilliker • Warren Hoge • Eduardo Jany • Jessica S. Lappin • Richard Lorenti • David A. Paterson James S. Polshek, Emeritus • Katrina vanden Heuvel • Chris Ward • William Whitaker, Ex Officio Four Freedoms Park Conservancy operates, maintains, and programs Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms State Park to the highest standard. As steward of this extraordinary civic space designed by Louis I. Kahn, the Conservancy advances President Roosevelt’s legacy and inspires, educates, and engages the public in the ideals of the Four Freedoms: freedom of speech and expression, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. The Conservancy does this by: • safeguarding the memorial as a space for inspired use • fostering community and understanding • igniting conversation about human rights and freedoms today Connect with us and join the conversation: facebook.com/fdrfourfreedomspark | @4freedomspark | fdrfourfreedomspark.org New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, Rose Harvey, Commissioner Table of Contents A Message from Four Freedoms Park Conservancy Leadership 2 A Message from NY State Parks Commissioner Rose Harvey 3 Board Spotlight: Eduardo Jany 4 Park Visitorship 2013-2018: 1,000,000 & Counting 5 Planning for the Future: Preserving an Architectural 6 Masterpiece in the East River Inspiring the Next Generation Through FDR's Four Freedoms 8 Public Programs & Events at FDR Four Freedoms State Park 12 Four Freedoms Exemplars Lifetime Achievement Awards: 14 Honoring Tom Brokaw & William J. -
The Visual Language of Brutalist Web Design El Lenguaje Visual Del Diseño Web Brutalista
The visual language of brutalist web design El lenguaje visual del diseño web brutalista Fernando Suárez-Carballo obtained a PhD from the Pontifical University of Salamanca in 2005 and is a perma- nent lecturer in Art Direction in the Faculty of Communication Studies at this university, where he has taught a range of subjects related to visual communication since the year 2000. He is a member of the research group Business Innovation and Creativity and the author of several articles and chapters of books on graphic design, the field that is his main line of research. His management responsibilities have included coordinating the degree course Advertising and Public Relations and his appointment as Associate Dean for students at the Faculty of Communication. He currently heads the Office for the Transfer of Research Results (Oficina de Transferencia de Resultados de Investigación, OTRI). Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0001-7498-6595 Received: 15/11/2018 - Accepted: 19/03/2019 Recibido: 15/11/2018 - Aceptado: 19/03/2019 Abstract: Resumen: Many authors agree on the current relevance of brutalist web Un gran número de autores coincide en señalar el protagonismo design, a trend inspired by the popular architectural style which, actual del diseño web brutalista, una corriente inspirada en el pop- ISSN: 1696-019X / e-ISSN: 2386-3978 in turn, is distinguished by the rawness of its materials, the ular estilo arquitectónico que, a su vez, se distingue por la desnudez geometric shapes or the absence of decoration. This study uses de sus materiales, las formas geométricas o la ausencia de orna- Content Analysis to discover whether it is possible to interpret mento. -
Re-Viewing and Reimagining Paul Rudolph's Brutalist Architecture In
140 studies in History & Theory of Architecture Re-viewing and Reimagining Paul Rudolph’s Brutalist Architecture in the USA and Southeast Asia Anna Dempsey, Ben Youtz and Kelly Haigh University of Massachusetts Dartmouth | designLAB architects [email protected] | [email protected], [email protected] KEYWORDS: modern architecture, Paul Rudolph, Brutalism, campus architecture, place-making, concrete Introduction Theodore Dalrymple famously described late modern expressionist (Brutalist) buildings as “totalitarian,” “cold hearted moral deformit[ies]” that should be demolished.1 Even during the 1950s and 1960s, arguably the style’s halcyon days, British critic Reyner Banham noted that critics of the “new Brutalism” regarded “the movement” as “a cult of ugliness.”2 Though Banham concluded that Brutalism represented “a contribution to the architecture of today,” he stated that the buildings of Alison and Peter Smithson - who coined the term “new Brutalism” - exhibited both “ineloquence” and “bloody-mindedness.”3 Despite Banham’s and other critics’ reservations, this post-War modernist movement was a global one. Architects such as Germany’s Werner Düttmann (the Agnes Kirche in Berlin, 1964), Australia’s Peter Hall (the Residential Colleges at the University of New South Wales, 1962-1966), Argentina’s Clorindo Testa (Banco de Londres in Buenos Aires, 1966) were among those who embraced what Banham referred to as the “ruthless logic” of Brutalism’s functional style.4 In the United States, Louis Kahn, I.M Pei and several other architects also designed and built Brutalist structures. Nevertheless, Paul Rudolph (a student of Bauhaus founder Walter Gropius) is the American architect most closely associated with Dalrymple’s “cold-hearted” style. -
Jatio Sangsad Bhaban Or National Assembly Building and Sustainability
Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 127-132 JES DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jes.v11i2.50904 an international Journal JATIO SANGSAD BHABAN OR NATIONAL ASSEMBLY BUILDING AND SUSTAINABILITY Bayezid Ismail Choudhury Department of Architecture, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna -9203, Bangladesh Received: 01 November 2020 Accepted: 08 December 2020 ABSTRACT Designed by American architect, Louis I. Kahn, the Jatio Sangsad Bhaban (JSB) or National Assembly Building of Bangladesh is a world-renowned iconic building situated in Bangladesh. Louis I. Khan was commissioned to design the JSB during the period before the term ‘sustainable’ was coined. In sustainable term it has controversial standing due to its cost, social and participatory aspects. However, it still stands as one of the masterpieces that represent hope and aspiration of the people of Bangladesh. This paper intends to look at the JSB through the lens of ‘sustainability’ to ascertain the degree of sustainability it has or has not achieved considering three tenets of sustainability, namely environmental, social and economic. Keywords: Jatio Sangsad Bhaban; Louis I Kahn; Sustainability. 1. INTRODUCTION The JSB, or National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, is regarded as one of the significant buildings in the history of world architecture. It was designed by American architect, Louis I. Kahn, who was appointed in 1962 (Choudhury & Armstrong, 2012). The JSB was commissioned by military dictator, Ayub Khan, who’s prime motive was political, far from patronising iconic architecture. Ayub Khan’s intention was to please the people of East Pakistan (presently Bangladesh) who were unhappy due to political and economic suppression by West Pakistan (Choudhury & Bell, 2011). -
A City Carved of Stone an Architectural Treatise on Jerusalem’S Search for Monumentality Ari Lewkowitz
DRUM note: Images have been removed from this paper due to copyright restrictions A City Carved of Stone An Architectural Treatise on Jerusalem’s Search for Monumentality Ari Lewkowitz “To provide meaningful architecture is not to parody history but to articulate it” Daniel Libeskind Ari Lewkowitz JWST409L Professor Cooperman Capital cities, for their own sake and that of the greater nation, maintain a synergy of historical relevance and a future-seeking pragmatism through their architectural design. The city of Jerusalem is no exception. Imbued in its post-1967 development is a certain sympathy for the past in order to massage long-standing notions and images of Jerusalem as an “ideal” city, deserving of various levels of preservation. More precisely, there is a politicized agenda of ethno-nationalist pride in much of the city’s newly built structures directly manifested through the use of monumentality. In order to better understand monumentality, it is important to analyze the current status of monumental architecture and its respective role in ancient civilizations. As part of a larger manifesto on this particular topic, Sigfried Geidion, Jose Luis Sert, and Fernand Leger, pioneering modernist architectural critics from the first half of the 20th century, compiled a short list entitled, “9 Points of Monumentality.” In it, the authors claimed that monuments are “symbols for [man’s] ideals, for their aims, and for their actions…They have to satisfy the eternal demand of the people for translation of their collective force into symbols” (1943). This strikes upon a major component of this debate, that monumentalizing goes far beyond a singular person, regional place, or specific event, and attempts to capture a combined pathos of the community- however widespread that community wants to be defined.