MISSION at ANY COST History of the Comboni Presence in South Africa
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MISSION AT ANY COST History of the Comboni presence in South Africa BY FR KONRAD NEFZGER I COMBONI MISSIONARY “You will know them by their fruits. Do men gather grapes from thornbushes or figs from thistles?” (Mt 7: 16). PB Mission at any cost Mission at any cost A B Mission at any cost Mission at any cost C Fr Konrad Nefzger Comboni Missionary MISSION AT ANY COST. History of the Comboni presence in South Africa (1924–2014) B Mission at any cost Mission at any cost C Published for private use only by Fr Joseph Rebelo MCCJ June 2020 Comboni Media Centre P.O. Box 266 Silverton – Pretoria 0127 South Africa Tel.: (0027) 12 804 6193 Email: [email protected] Proof readers: Diana Beamish and Andre Whitlock Layout: Marlon Lacanilao, Israel Contreras and Rashina Tuazon 01 Mission at any cost Mission at any cost 01 FOREWORD GO AND PREACH THE GOSPEL BY FR JereMIAS doS SANTOS MARTINS | PROVINCIAL SUPERIOR OF THE COMBONI MISSIONARIES IN SOUTH AFRICA Pastoral Centre of Maria Trost, Lydenburg, the first Comboni Mission in South Africa. AS I WRITE this short foreword to Mission at any cost, I am in Maria Trost, Lyd- enburg, where the Comboni Missionaries started their presence in South Africa. Maria Trost is also the last home for many of the Comboni Missionaries who worked in this land. More than 50 of them are buried here. The first was Bro. Sendker Heinrich, from Germany, in 1931. The last one was Fr George Nok Adiang Kur, from the Sudan, in 2006. The youngest Comboni Missionary to die on South African soil was Fr Franz Engelhardt, who passed on when he was 30 and the old- est is Bro. Cygan Alexander who was 98 years old. Young and old remain here to give witness to the word of the Gospel written under the big cross at the centre of this holy ground: “Unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains 01 Mission at any cost Mission at any cost 01 just a single grain; but if it dies, it bears much fruit” (John 12: 24). These men are part of the history of the Comboni Missionaries in South Africa. Others came after them with the same enthusiasm and love for the mission—love rooted in God and ex- pressed in their dedication to the peo- ple. Altogether there were more than 100 missionaries who embarked on the project of God, that all may know Him and the one He has sent, Jesus, His Son (cf. John 17: 3). They are neither heroes nor special people. They were ordinary people who responded to God’s call with simplic- ity and left behind their country, their Cemetery at Maria Trost, Lydenburg. loved ones and their culture. They made themselves available to come to South Africa realising the dream of Jesus: “As the Father sent Me, so I send you.” May their lives inspire the people of South Africa and direct them to the Heart of the Good Shepherd. May they encourage, especially the young, to be generous co-workers of Jesus in bringing the Gospel of joy and love to the ends of the earth, inside and outside South Africa. Among the current Comboni Missionaries, seven are South Africans. Some work outside their own country, in Kenya, Zambia and Chad. Others offered their dedicated service in Malawi, Colombia, Ecuador and the Philippines . They realised, in a particular way, the dream of St Daniel Comboni: “Save Africa with Africa.” This book, the second edition written by Fr Konrad Nefzger, is a tribute to all of them. We dedicate it to the people of South Africa who journeyed with the Com- boni Missionaries throughout these 90 years in different parts of the country, from Mpumalanga to the Eastern Cape, from Gauteng to Kwazulu-Natal. We dedicate it also to the bishops, priests and people who support the Comboni Missionaries. Among all those, special mention goes to the Comboni Friends and subscribers to the Worldwide magazine, who share the same mission through their friendship, their prayers, their financial help and selfless love. We thank Fr Konrad for his hard work and dedicated service in writing this book which keeps alive the memory of the pioneers and strengthens the present missionaries, so as not to spoil the dreams of the pioneers. We thank especially the Lord of the Harvest for keeping the dream of Comboni alive through ordinary people. Only through his grace and continuous assistance were they able to be co-workers in God’s Mission. 02 Mission at any cost Mission at any cost 03 PrefACE DEAR REadER, You have in your hands the second edition of the His- tory of the Comboni Mis- sionaries in South Africa. A few new things were added, I hope they will be of in- terest. The first book was published in 1995. During these last years, quite a good number of young confrères, who are not very familiar with the history and devel- opment of this region, came to the Province. It will be good for them and for the people of the Diocese of Witbank to read how our forefathers worked and how they helped to develop the Local Church of Witbank and how we moved to other places. Those who are more Fr Konrad Nefzger, the author of the book. familiar with our past his- tory and developments should also find it interesting to refresh their memory, and perhaps, discover new facts or even mistakes. My sources were the different diaries of Fr Zorn, Fr Angerer, Fr Roth, Bishop Rei- terer and others. One big handicap is the non-existence of a diocesan archive. For sure, there were files, but they no longer exist. My sources relating to the Prefects Apostolic were found in the Provincial Archives in Ellwangen, Germany. Special thanks to the communities who sent in their contributions for updat- ing. Hopefully this little contribution will help us appreciate the work of those who worked here before us. Through hard work and prayer, they gave generously their love to lay the foundation for the local Church. The author Maria Trost, August 2014 02 Mission at any cost Mission at any cost 03 WHAT HAPPENED BEFORE WE ARRIVED THE WHOLE area was in the care of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI), and belonged to the Natal Vicariate. In 1852, the Sandriver Convention gave Transvaal its independence and the Catholic Church was forbidden in the new Re- public. Only in 1871, was freedom of religion granted following a trade agreement with the Governor of Mozambique. When he came to the Transvaal to sign this agreement and could not attend Holy Mass, he protested and the law was changed soon after. The Catholic population had also increased because of the gold diggers. A pattern developed: priests and Sisters followed the diamond diggers and gold prospectors of Pilgrim’s Rest, Barberton and Johannesburg. Msgr Aloysius Schoch OMI (1853–1898). Fr L. Trabaud OMI (1856–1937). The Church followed the gold prospectors to Pilgrim’s Rest and Barberton. 04 Mission at any cost Mission at any cost 05 Bishop Charles Cox OMI (1914–1924). Bishop Charles Jolivet OMI (1874–1886). In 1882, gold was discovered in the De Kaap Valley. Two years later, Bar- ber’s Reef looked more promising. Graham Barber and his cousins, Harry and Fred, were prospecting. Fortune hunters arrived from all over South Africa, especially for the diamond fields. The Kruger government sent a commissioner to supervise the operations. The first one fled for his life; the second, David M. Wilson, wrote: “Law and regulations did not exist. Mur- ders were frequent occurrences. Many crimes were unreported and nearly all were provoked by the lust for gold.” The same commissioner wrote to Bishop Jolivet on 1 May 1885, as fol- lows: “Rev. Sir, I would like to bring to your notice that we have on these gold fields about 500 Roman Catholics, and that the presence of a priest is greatly required. The place is not poor and therefore there should be no fear that he would not be supported. I do not belong to your Church, but still, from experience gained on the Cape Colonies Railway Extensions, know that the presence of a priest would be the means of assisting greatly in reducing the drunkenness and crime, that takes place on those fields.” The commission- er offered help with building and added that a strong healthy person would be required because of Malaria and bad roads. 04 Mission at any cost Mission at any cost 05 Loreto Convent, Lydenburg, in 1924. When Bishop Jolivet arrived in Barberton in 1886, many fortune hunters had already left for the Reef. Of the 500 Catholics spoken about, Jolivet found only about 60. He blessed the first church in Barberton in 1886. Msgr Schoch invited the Ursuline Sisters from Sittard, Holland, to open a school and con- vent in Barberton. Six of them arrived in Lourenço Marques, Mozambique, on 31 December 1895. The good Sisters made it by train and donkey to Bar- berton and were welcomed by a Jewish lady, because Father was not at home. In February 1896, the Sisters started teaching, and the number of students grew from 30 to 80. Everything looked promising. But in 1897, Barberton was struck by Rinder pest and Malaria and to top it all, the Sisters’ house was blown away by a storm. Because of the epidemic, the governor was forced to close the schools and many people moved away to the Reef and Msgr Schoch, who had invited the Sisters, died in Zanzibar on 12 April 1897.