Founded A.D.. 1874 by John Singenberger

]. S. BACH ( 1685..1750)

Vol. 61 SEPTEMBER, 1935 No.9 Entered as second class mat.. ter, October 20, 1931, at the Post Office at Boston, ., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Qfqr ~attilia Formerly published in St. Francis, Wisconsin. Now issued Monthly Magazine of ' and School Music monthly, except in July. Subscription: $3 per year, pay.. Vol. 61 September, 1935 No.9 able in advance. Single copies SOc.

Honorary Editor OTTO A. SINGENBERGER • Managing Editor WILLIAM ARTHUR REILLY Business and Editorial Office IN THIS ISSUE 100 Boylston St., Boston, Mass.

Contributors PIUS X SCHOOL OF LITURGICAL MUSIC AT REV. LUDWIG BONVIN, S.J. Buffalo, N. Y. . BOSTON 386 DOM ADELARD BOUVILL.. IERS,O.S.B., Belmont, N. C. ANTON BRUCKNER As AN ORGANIST- V. REV. GREGORY HUGLE, O. F. Schirrmann . 387 O.S.B., Conception, Mo. RT. REV. MSGR. LEO P. FOR EVERY PARISH- MANZETTI, Roland Park, A Boy Md. Roland Boisvert 388 REV. F. T. WALTER, St. Francis, Wise. CURRENT COMMENTS • 390 REV. JOSEPH VILLANI, S. C., San Francisco, Cal. SINGERS AND THE ART OF SONG • 391 REV. P. H. SCHAEFERS, Cleveland, Ohio. To RADIO GREETINGS (National REV. H. GRUENDER, S.J., Eu- St. Louis, Mo. charistic Oongress, Cleveland) 393 SR. M. CHERUBIM, O.S.F. Milwaukee, Wise. DISCOGRAPHY- SR. M. GISELA, S.S.N.D., Milwaukee, Wise. Dom Adelard Bouvilliers, O.S.B. 395 SR! M. RAFAEL, B.V.M., Chicago, III. NOTES FROM A LECTURE GIVEN By DR. M. MAURO-COTTONE, New York, N. Y. HUGH Ross ON CHOIR CONDUCTING 399 RICHARD KEYS BIGGS, Hollywood, Cal. MUSIC ApPREOIATION- MARTIN G. DUMLER, M. M .• Sr. M. Oherubim, O. S. F. 417 Cincinnati, O. JOSEPH J. McGRATH, KARL KEMPTER (Biography). 422 Syracuse, N. Y. ROLAND BOISVERT. Woonsocket, R. I. QUESTION AND ANSWER Box- W. A. HAMMOND, V. Rev. Gregory Hugle, O.S.B. 423 Fort Wayne, Ind. ARTHUR ANGIE, DOM AnELARD BOUVILLIERS, O. S. B., IN Whitman, Mass. FREDERICK T. SHORT. MASSACHUSETTS 428 Brooklyn, N. Y. ACHILLE P. BRAGERS. New York, N. Y.

Contents of each issue, Copy,,; • right 1935.

Index of Contents for Entire Year 1934 obtainable on request. 386 THE CAECILIA

Pius X School of Liturgical Music at Boston

A most successful course in liturgical the first opportunity ever offered to church music was conducted at the Academy of the musicians in the Archdiocese for the obtain... Sacred Heart, Newton, Mass., during the ing of education in Chant, according to the last two weeks of August. principles of Solesmes. Stlch enthusiasm The course was under the direction of was manifest this year that another year the Pius X School, of New York, and under should bring even more satisfactory results the special patronage of His Eminence to all concerned. William Cardinal O'Connell. Among the prominent visitors observed Approximately 150 church musicians, en... during the course were the follOWing: Dom rolled for the courses in Gregorian Chant, Adelard Bouvilliers, O.S.B., whose research and liturgical singing. The Reverend in Gregorian is well known to CAECILIA Mother Stevens, R.S.H., personally con... readers; the Reverend Father r-rhibault, of ducted several of the classes during the first the Grand Seminaire, Montreal, whose week. A Solemn High Mass was held five Radio programs are universally approved, days after the course began, and the entire and whose choir made such a splendid student body sang the . Members phonograph recording of the "Missa de tt of the faculty rendered the . The Angelis ; Dr. Wallace Goodrich, famous following week, the Mass was director of the New England Conservatory rendered (again by the entire student body) , of Music; Mr. James Ecker, Assistant Direc... with the men rendering the Proper. An or... tor of Music, Boston Public Schools; Mr. gan recital rendered by Mr. Blum, was a Roland Boisvert, one of the best inform,ed feature of one of the days programs. chant musicians in the country; Mr. Harri... The course offered a fine demonstration son Wilder, famous piano pedagogue; Rev. of what could be done in a short time by E. J. Burke, St. Mary's Church, Cambridge, interested students. Fundamentals were whose boy choir compares favorably in tone learned by those who took Chant I, Li... quality with the most famous of the turgical Singing and Harmonization. Are... country; Dr. James A. Reilly, publisher, and pertoire of two masses, a Requiem and Ves... Father Feeney, S.J., noted author. pers, with several motets was learned by Among the organists and choirm,asters the students. A· demonstration class of chil... enrolled for the courses were noted Messrs. dren was conducted so that the students Frank Stevens, Frank Mahler, Theodore might see how Chant is taught, and what Marier, John McCarthy, Joseph Trongone progress can be made with children who Anthony Baltrashunas, J. Carr, and T. have not had any previous training in chant. Francis Burke, Assistant Dir.ector of Music Thus chants were learned, and then ob... in the Boston Public Schools. served being taught to others. Faculty Fr. Gilleran, S.J.; Fr. Soucy, O.M.I., and members from the Pius X School of New Mr. Gildea, S.J., took the course also. York w,ere Miss Sullivan, Miss Hurley, The Misses Hortense McKenna, Cather... Mr. Daly, and Mr. Blum. Mother Stevens ine McElroy, Frances Chisholm, Mary left at the end of the first week to take Ryan, and Edith Lang were noted, as were charge of the course being given in Roches... Sisters from 12 different Orders. The Sis... ter, N. Y. Miss Agnes Benziger was in ters of St. Joseph were represented by 22 charge of Registration and Administration. Sisters in attendance. Material used in the various courses was: The course completed, indicated to all for Schools, I and II; Liber present that wherever Gregorian Chant is Usualis (Gregorian notation); Text Book sincerely desired it may be obtained in a of Gregorian Chant, Sunol; and Chant Har... short time with full assurance that by mas... monization, Bragers. tering the simple fundamentals progress may There was noted an increased affection follow rapidly. for the chant among the students at th,e The Pius X Course in Gregorian Chant completion of the course, and an interest in is presented clearly and concisely with a polyphonic music, as a result of recommend... special view to securing proper Tone and ations of faculty members. The desire was Rhythm. The "eyes and ears" of this re... expressed generally that additional courses porter hav.e yet to observe a better system. be carried on next year, a~ this year marked A.R. lHf CHURCH

THE CAECILIA 387

ANTON BRUCKNER AS AN ORGANIST By C. F. Schirrmann

OT every music lover, organist sym... It was after a great discouragement en... N phony concert goer, theory student, or g.endered when his very first Viennese at... even alleged Brucknerite knows that the tempt, a Mass in F ... minor, was refused a great Austrian composer of the nine mighty hearing on the ground of being "unsing... symphonies, ad majorem Dei gloriam, was, able'" that Bruckner decided to stop com... next to being a composer, an organist of posing for a while and set out on a concert phenomenal attainments. tour through France. The newspaper re... Bruckner's father had been an organist ports of this series of organ recitals were so jubilantly enthusiastic that Europe soon before him in traditional connection with rang with the name of "the greatest organ... the schoolmastership. It was with him and ist of his time." The astonishing reports a cousin named Weiss, that the young from France about Bruckner's organ...impro... Bruckner rec.eived his first instruction in or... gan playing. Remarkably enough, the or... visations so aroused the curiosity of many Englishmen' that the virtuoso was offered gall' preludes composed during this period 50 pounds for 12 recitals in London to be by the almost unschooled lad exhibit a free... given within a week! Out of this enormous dom of expression which deserted Bruckner fee he was expected also to pay travelling all through his Odyssean decades of theo... expenses! retical study, to return again unimpaired in his ripe, symphonic years. Bruckner made but one visit to London. In f871 he created a sensation with the In 1851, the post of organist at St. Florian grandeur of his improvisations. The usual falling definitely vacant, Bruckner, who custom of improvising on "God save the had already been filling it in effect, was King" was dutifully observed. A certain officially appointed thereto. By now he had London lady regretted that Bruckner did reached the affluent state of 80 Gulden per not know English and urged him to master year, with free rent: but one of his de.arest it, but he never visited England again. wishes was at last realized,...... he was master There is a quaint slant to this naive child... of the finest organ in the world. At this like man who would not sit down in the time it was his custom to practice on the presence of Richard Wagner, his friend and piano ten and on the organ three hours per defendant whom Bruckner termed "Master day. Bruckner's titanic talent for free im... of all masters", and who had kissed the provisation on the organ, the gift with hand of Walter Damrosch in true peasant which he in later years held audiences spell." fashion when first introduced to him, in pro.... bound as perhaps only Beethoven and Bach fuse thanks and sincere appreciation for had done before him, first began to unfold what the American conductor had done for at St. Florian. his cause. It was inconceivable to Bruckner In January 1856, having been persuaded that human beings could be as cruel as to take part in an open competition for the Hanslick, the snarling Viennese critic, or as vacant post of organist at the Cathedral in jealous as one of the highest officials of the Linz, Bruckner easily carried off the honors, Vienna conservatory, of which Bruckner "astonishing all by his incredible powers of was now a professor, who declared, "Bruck­ improvisation." Bruckner was appointed ner can't play the organ at alL" organist of the Cathedral and served there.... At one time" after a performance of the ~fter for twelve years, relinquishing the HRomantic" Symphony, Conductor Hans post to become professor of theory in the Richter describes in his own words the com... Vienna Conservatory of Music. During poser's naive behavior. "When the sym... the periods of and , the Cathe... phony was over, Bruckner came to me, his dral organ being silent according to the ru... face beaming with enthusiasm and loy, I felt brics of the church, Bruckner would go to him press a coin into my hand. 'Take this,'

Vi.enna to pursue (in person) the studies he said, I and drink a glass of beer to my which throughout the year had to be left to health,''' Richter of course accepted the the uncertain mercies of a correspondence coin, a Maria Theresa Thaler, and wore it course. on his watch... chain ever after. 388 THE CAECILIA

Bruckner's skill at the organ never de..... fuller and richer, until in a final burst of serted him. His was the honor of improvis'" glpry the very heavens seem to open before ing a HFuneral oration" at the funeral of the listener. Franz Liszt in Bayreuth in 1886. It was In accordance 'with Bruckner's implicit as if he were saluting the passing of that wish his remains were taken to St. Florian golden age of nineteenth century music, where they lie buried under the mighty or..... which had endowed the world with the gan that had been his best friend, and int'O titanic cultural contribution kn'Own as the the golden majesty of which he had on innu~ art of Richard Wagner. merable occasions poured the troubled con..... In contrast to the more or less mad musi..... fessions of his tragic life. cal expression of these days, Bruckner's Among Bruckner's noted pupils were symphonies are pervaded by an honest Gustav Mahler, who also wrote nine sym..... transparent grandeur and a soothing rich phonies, still more colossally formed than religious mysticism, thus presenting that those of Bruckner, Karl Muck, former con..... healthy blend of truth and romance that is ductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra; the hall..... mark of all great art. His ladagios Arthur N ikisch, famed orchestra conductor, ascend calmly from height to height through and others of sterling musicianship. powerful masses of tone, becoming ever HNew Music Review", June 1935.

A BOY CHOIR FOR EVERY PARISH By Roland Boisvert

"Choir schools for boys should be established, singers are of the type who aspire to do not only in the greater churches and cathedrals, opera, concert, or radio broadcasting; but but also in the smaller parish churches." (Apos... tolic Constitution. "Divine Cultis." Pope Pius for some reason or other, the public does not XI.) appreciate their efforts to please. Church "In reality, the boys will not only sing Gre... work, then, is the only thing left, whereby gorian Chant, but will sing the treble parts in the they may sometimes receive a remuneration. execution of Classical Polyphony. Apart from . The greater number of these "paid" singers the constant tradition of the Church this musical never intended to do Church singing, but do art was expressly conceived and written by the cdmposers themselves for the voices of 'pueri so, because they consider It better than cantones'. By their innocent charm, these voices nothing. Is it any wonder that they are mis'" excite to real devotion and prayer, better than fits and flat failures as liturgical choristers? any other interpreters, no matter bow artistically they may be formed." (Letter from Pope Pius It has been charged by clergymen that XI to the Allgemeire Dentsche Cacilienverein at those responsible for this sad state of affairs their convention held in Ratisbon, Germany, in are first 'Of all, a certain portion of the July, 1932.) clergy. Also, the teachers in our parochial ECENT statistics reveal some seven schools come in for their share of blame. R thousand five hundred parishes in this Although they train choirs, their work is country each having a parochial school. chiefly with girls,---hardly ever doing any..... Out of this grand total, only a few hundred thing with the boys. If they taught girls to possess boys' choirs, by which the liturgical sing the Mass, and not miscellaneous hymn~ services may be sung. It is quite clear from 'Of various sentiments during the Mass, they this, that the Pontifical rulings named above, would be preparing the way forcongrega ..... are ignored by the great majority of re..... tional singing later on. But as things are sponsible parties. Such is the state of affairs now 'being done, after leaVIng the choir, in this the most prosperous country (re..... most girls remain dumb spectators at the 9ardless of the depression) in the world. Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, and will can..... Possibly several thousand of these parishes tinue to be so in the years to come. The only have some paid singers, in their mixed hope for liturgical singing rests with the choirs of men and women. Most of these training of the boys, and this should be THE CAECILIA 389

done at all times in preference to the train... Gregorian Chant well. If they do not sing ing of girls. Odd as it seemst this is the only their chant as they should, the fault rest,s country in the worldt where girls are trained with the teacher, and not with the pupils. in place of boys. Organistst too, are fre... From time immemorial boys have sung quently found to be at fault. It is true that chant and are doing so today, to the Illauy lack the necessary qualilications to satisfaction of the most exacting critics. properly train a boy... choir. Some would To those who seek quick and durable gladly do so, if they were given a chance. results in preparing a boy""choir from the Others are underpaid to such an extent that first grade, we recommend the use of tt they work at some Hside line t in order Mrs. Ward's New Edition, HMusict First to secure a livelihood. These last cannot Year." It has accomplished wonders in sev... give the required timet so necessary to ob... eral European countriest and this to the tain satisfactory results. At one time or great satisfaction of the Holy Father him'" other, some may have been well disposedt self. With this method, the: children are but have since found out that it does not taught to sing a Gregorian Mass by the end pay to be liturgical. So they hav.e given up of the second grade. In the use of this the whole thingt because necessary coopera... method, lies our solution for the boy...choir tion was totally lacking. of today, and congregational singing in later Much has been written of latet regarding years. women singing in churches. It is plain for Boys do not join the choir to show""off their those who seek the light, that there should voices, as is too often the case of those be no such thing as women in the choirs in in mixed choirs of women and men. Boys our present state of advancement. Setting are not prejudicedt and never question direc... aside, for the time being, the Roman regula... tion. Besides being available every school"" tions on this point, there is not a single ad... day, they learn more rapidly and retain their vantage in having women singers in our repertoire better than do adults. When choir lofts. They can be replaced by a properly trained, boys sing like one voice competent boys' choir, in any parisht within and have better tones which blend more the short space of a few months. All that evenly. They possess a much wider range, is required is a pastor's cooperation, with and above all are most dependable when a skillful, diligent choirmaster. Many interested. Boys are alike, the world over, churches, of other demoninations, have flne be they rich or poor. They can be made to boys... choirs, without the aid of schools. It work under proper conditions. In factt as in will rarely be necessary, b 4.1t our Catholic all teaching, music depends on the teacher. churches should be willing to compensate The results will be worthy ofcen'Sure or praise, according to his ability or lack of it. the boys for their efforts whent possible in'" stead of employing HMiss· or HMrs. So... The boy...voice possesses that impersonal and...So,tt whose only ambition is to show'" quality, so necessary for the sung prayer. off. There are no excesses in expression of sad... To form a good boy""choir requires hard ness or joy, and the voice remains in an work, but it is well worth it, from every average that implies stability of the nervous point of view. The fact that the boy voice system. A boyts voice is like a reflection of changes after a few years of singingt should the various movements of the soul. Those 'not discourage the choirmaster. Let us who have had experience in the formation rather think of the wonderful preparation of all types of choirs well known that real effected for the male section of the choir in church music on the lips of a boy""choir has the coming years. Some are bound to join an entirely different character than the the male choir latert if not in the parish in ·same music sung by women voices. Most which they trainedt at least in some other church music belongs to such a far...away choir, so all that work is not lost. In this pastt and its rhythmic and harmonic struc"" movement for real church'musict we must ture is so foreign to the aduIt""trained not be selfish. We must build for tomorrow, musician of todayt that this music is more and not only think of the problems of today. easily taught to children. A mistake is often made by starting the There is no school or parish so small boys when they are too old. Some may be that cannot have a boys' choir to sing its admitted to the choir as young as sevent services. The writer speaks from personal but the average age is about eight years. experience, he being at present engaged in Nothing can be farther from the truth a parish which has not the good fortune of than the accusation that boys cannot sing possessing a parochial school. Nevertheless 390 THE CAECJLIA

there is a boy.... choirt thanks to the C'oopera.... by itt and absolutely nothing to lose.-No tion of an interested Pastor. matter how humble the first efforts of the Let us try for a boy--choir in every parish. boy.... choir may be. No prayer 1S more pleas.... N at only out of obedience to the orders of ing to Almighty God than a prayer in our Holy Fathert but also because our church music will have everything to gain Gregorian Chant from the lips of a child.

JOINT JUBILEE BENEDICTINE MONKS PUBLISH Erie Pastor's 40th Anniversary NEW CALLED And OrHanist's 37th HTHE PARISH KYRIALE" A rec.ent Jubilee of interest to residents A new booklet has just appeared called of Eriet Pa't was the 40th Anniversary of the Parish Kytriale. It is designed for use as Ordination of the Rev. John H. HeibeL a popular manual in introducing congrega.... Pastor of St. John's Church. tional Gregorian singing in parishes. It can.... A choir of forty voices rendered special tains the and , thirteen t music for the occasiont featuring W eiss s of the principal Gregorian chant Masses for tt "Jubilate Deo • The observances were various seasons and feasts. I and attended by the Most Reverend Credo lIt the Missa de Requie 'with Liberat Gannon. and a simple set of chant hymns for Bene.... Simultaneously was noted the 37th an.... diction of the Blessed all in mod... niversary of Miss Marie Zimmermant or.... ern notation. The booklet was compiled and ganist at St. Johnts Churcht for that length set up by the monks of St. Johnts Abbey, of time. Miss Zimmerman a'cts in the ca.... Collegeville, as a labor of love. The re... pacity of Organistt and on three days a markable low price of ten cents per copy, week, gives a period in the Parish School makes it possible to put this book into the teaching music in the 5th to 8th grades. hands of every parishioner. As a result of Miss Zimmermants work in the school the children of Grade 5 are able to render the music at the Requiem -e-

High Mass t before the closing of the school year, annually. SPANISH CATHEDRAL TO SING Continuous service of this sortt has been FOX MASS of great benefit musically to the communityt and both the Pastort and Miss Zimmerman A letter recently received by Norbert E. 'well deserve the congratulati'ons they re.... Foxt Director of Music at the Cathedrat in ceived this year; the former for his long Toledo, Ohio, indicates Hthat his new Mass t service in the Priesthoodt and his sponsor.... "Missa Spiritus Domini published by Me... ship of music at St. John's-the latter for Laughlin & Reilly CO' t early this year, is her long and ardent service in the develop.... soon to be sung by the celebrated Cathedral ment of music and musicians in the Parish. Choir at Barcelona, Spain. A free translation of the letter follows: -.­ HI have .examined your masst and truly I PEORIA, ILLINOIS have found it most interesting liturgically Spencer Johnsonts "Mass of St. Fran'cis" and artisically. (SATB), was sung at the Immaculate Can.... "I am the organist here at the Cathedral ception Convent on August 12th. of Barcelona, and I have given your Mass to the choirmaster. He also has appreciated -.- the beauty of this work, and will order it RIVER FOREST, ILLINOIS for next season. It will be sung by our t Cathedral choir. For Father Finn s Summer Classt the Reilly arrangement of Arcadelt's "Ave J. Muset Ferrer, MariaH (SATB) was used, at Rosary Col... Organist at the Cathedral, lege. Barcelonat Spain.' t THE CAECILIA 391

SINGERS AND THE ART OF SONG Why So Few Succeed, So Many Miss Their Mark

HE subject of this seventh day the singer must have imagination, audacity, T is preparedness (writes W. J. Hender.... invention or an irresistible personal force. son in the New York Sun). With building Maria Malibrans are exceedingly scarce. of bombers or submarines, calculations of She became famous, although the middle of muzzle velocities or trajectories, or the art her voice was irreparably damaged by her of feeding armies in the field this depart~ heroic labors in extending it upward and ment is happily not concerned. Its thought downward. But her magnificence in deliv.... is concentrated upon the preparedness, or, ery, her inexhaustible resource in devices strictly speaking, unpreparedness of those to cover up her weaknesses and her author.... who seek to bask in the refulgen'ce of opera.... itative projection of her personality across tic spotlights or stand in solitary splendor the footlights gave her an immortal name in on the recital platform. The late Herbert operatic history. To sing as she did re.... Witherspoon, formerly a distinguished sing.... quired immense cleverness and a musical er, later a teacher having insight and au.... imagination. thority, and recent general manager of the But of the hundreds ot appHcants for Metropolitan Opera Association, publicly openings of the Metropolitan almost none bewailed the lamentable want of prop,er have even the rudiments of a sound technic, preparation on the part of the young persons no visible evidences of imagination and, on who have appeared for auditions at the the contrary, minds apparently without even famous old temple of music. Edward John.... a suspicion of the meaning of the word son, 'who will be brought into more or less HmusicaI.tt And everyone of them who is painful contacts with many of the young rejected firmly believes that there was some singers when he is directing the perform.... kind of sinister influence working against ances in English, has visibly shaken his her. If anyone of them admits that what head and audibly sighed over the conditions she did was not perfect she blames her indicated by Mr. Witherspoon. teacher. Now a vocal teacher can teach This department has frequently discussed voice technic, style, diction, but not musical the subject of singing, but it is a theme ever understanding or artistic temperament. The fresh, and so there need be no hesita.... teacher cannot make a success of the pupil; tion in discussing it again. Music critics the pupil must do that for herself, which is are forever repeating the old statement, precisely what ninety.... nine out of every HHas a beautifultt voice, but does not know hundred cannot do. how to sing. What do they mean? The When A. M. Palmer was managing the.... layman is convinced that all a human being aters a friend took an aspiring young actor needs in order to be a successful singer is a to him for a trial. The aspIrant was rel fine voice. This, in spite of all arguments jected. "What's the matter?" asked the to the contrary is precisely the same thing friend; "doesn't he know anything?tt "Know anything!tt exclaimed Mr. Palmer, as asserting that the owner of a perfect tt Guarnerius violin is a great violinist or that "he doesn't even suspect anything. anyone who can manipulate the keys of a Most 'of the eager seekers after fame on hundred thousand dollar organ is a master the op.eratic stage do not suspecttt anything. organist. They have studied "voice for a time and It is a fundamental fact that the possessor are ready to rush to the footHghts, not of a good singing voice has to learn how to knowing what they are undertaking. These produce the tones of its scale. If he does young persons resemble those others who not, he will probably have troubles at cer.... continually ask for positions as assistant tian points where breaks or veiled tones oc.... music critics. They have studied piano or cur. An equalized scale is the first require.... violin, have a good working acquaintance ment of singing and yet it is extremely rare. with theoretical branches and perhaps ac.... And it is true that certain sIngers succeed curate ears. All these are essential things in spite of unconcealable defects in the but they are only the beginning of the scale. They may have other shortcomings, equipment of a critic. A singer who has no too, but to triumph over all such drawbacks knowledge of style and who cannot plan de.... 392 THE CAECILIA livery of an air has no place on the public with formidable obstacles. The young sing~ stage. Of course hundreds of them are ers 'Of today are unwilling to travel this there; else how would the grand army of road. They wish to flnd some short cut. coaches subsist? But even when well Any teacher will tell you that it is next to coached the singer without imagination impossible to get any s~udent to devote the usually fails in the test of an audition be~ imperatively necessary time to fundamental cause the hardened impresario and conduc~ technical studies. They all wish to sing tor have all heard the trained echo before songs or arias right away. Not only the and are instantly aware of the absence of beginn.ers, but their parents are to blame for the breath of creative life. this. Father and mother clamor to hear However, when' Mr. Witherspoon and Henry or Maud sing. They do not wish to Mr. Johnson bemoaned the want of prepara~ hear them sing vocalises but Hehe gelida tion they did not mean lack of imagination. manina," or "0 patria mia." If not those, They mean the actual want of mastery of at any rate "Der Erl Konig" or "Von the elementary principles 'Of singing. Scores ewiger Lieb.e." And so Henry and Maud of aspirants are turned away because they stumble and fumble through such music do not know how to bring out the natural without the technic demanded for its de~ qualities of their own voices, because they livery, and the teacher is incontinently con~ have no skill in simple phrasing or no com~ demned to·the wrath of the gods because mand of diction, or cannot sing constantly he could not make them sing flrst and learn in tune. The listeners at auditions hear how afterward. dozens and dozens of naturally good voices killed by want of m,ethod in production or the employment of some charlatan's .loudly In an article on' this same topic, published touted method which actually prevents the here flve years ago, the writer 'called atten~ voice from revealing itself. tion to something generally forgotten by Not only are such singers heard at au~ young singers. The public knows nothing dition'S, but much too frequen~ly in public about technic, but if you sing out of tune performances. The columns of the daily some one will say, "What is the matter with newspapers record over and over the short~ that voicer' If you m,ake VIolent attacks, comings of singers whose want of technical phrase in broken ejaculations, breathe la~ proflciency defeats their artistic purposes. boriously, push holes through the register When there is also no artistic conception bridges or shriek your high tones the auditor the case is quite hopeless. will surely again say, "What is the matter The young persons who retire discomflted with that voicer' from Metropolitan auditions and whose The singer who believes that with a public debuts are unsuccessful are in ninety~ beautiful voice and no sound technical nine cases out of a hundred the victims of foundation success is easily attainable, is unwise haste. They cannot or will not wait going to wake up from a beautiful dream. until they are ready for appearance. This Some enjoy a temporary favor while the is true not only of singers, but of instru... voice is fresh and vibrant, but that day of mental performers: Let us set aside for this glory is brief. Soon hard or husky and time the disappointments of those who rush veiled tones, scooping attacks, failure of before the public because .. friends" have breath control, open and disconcerting lauded them to the skies and exclaimed. breaks between registers become more and "You ought to be at the Metropolitan:' The more pronounced and before long the whole friends always say what is agreeable for the audience is .asking, "What is the matter aspirant to hear, and thousands of students with that voice?" who have no musical talent. but pOSSibly a But even when the technic is excellent little mechanical adaptability, are misled and there is no talent, failure is certain. thereby. Think of the hundreds of thousands of Now singing is a subtle and highly char~ young people who are working hard at their acterized art. When its technic has been music hoping to be Flagstads or Menuhins completely mastered it is apparently the 'or Hofmanns. How does it happen that simplest thing in the world, and indeed for there is only one John McCormack, one an' artist whose craftsmanship has reached Paderewski, one Heifetz? Every student in the ideal state of automatic response to his the land is striving with all his powers to mental designs, it is simple. But the road become one of these. They work prodigi~ to this beautiful simplicity is long and beset ously. What is missing? Just talent; that is THE CAECILIA 393 all. And a talent for singing is in every highest kind, the callous world goes on respect as real and as indispensable as one about its business and the would.-be vendor for piano or violin playin'g. Thousands of is left unnoticed. the young laborers in the musical labora"" Singing is both a science and an art. Art tories could learn to sing or play well is the method, the technic, of expression. enough to bring the joys 'of art into their The 'composer must know how to compose, own experience. They might even give the painter how to paint:' The whole point some pleasure to their friends. But the facts is admirably brought out by Thomson in his are depressing. "Laws of Thought/' when he says: HThe These thousands and thousands of stu"" distinction between science and art is that dents have not the faintest thought of per"" a science is a body of principles and deduc.­ mitting their gifts to increase the sunshine tions to explain some object matter; an art of the home. They mean to become pro"" is a body of precepts, with practical skill, fessional musicians, to go out into the wide, for the completion of some work. A science wide world and get fame and dollars. teaches us to know and an art to do; the What we said on this point five years ago former declares that something exists with was this: HWhen it comes to offering their the laws and ,causes which belong to its wares in the market place it is a very existence; the latter teaches how something different matter. The 'world is not inter"" must be produced." ested in them personally~only in the goods ~Boston Evening Transcript, offered for sale. If these are not of the May 18, 1935.

POPE TO RADIO GREETINGS National Eucharistic Congress In Cleveland, September 23-25 Music will play an important part in the Auditorium in the central part of the city of National Eucharistic Congress, the program Cleveland, except the final ceremony to be of which is noted below. held at the Stadium, which has a capacity Word has come that a choir of 2000 of 200,000 people. women is rehearsing for the rendition of Bishop Schrembs, himself a musician of the music at Mass on one of the days of considerable attainments, has given a prom.­ the Congress. inent place to music throughout the four.­ A choir of 15,000 school children will be day observances and it is rumored that fol"" heard at Mass on Wednesday, Sept. 25th. lowing the Congress, additional diocesan Rev. P. H. Schaefers, of the Cathedral, regulations will be issued relating to church has prepared a "Palestrina Choir" of men's music for the churches of the diocese. voices for the program on the third day. His Holiness Pope Pius XI will broadcast This will be the first National Euchar­ his greetings to the Congress according to istic Congress in. America to be favored the latest dispatch, and a broadcast will be with the presence of a Papal Legate. received from the Sacred College of Car.- All functions will be held in the Public dinals. '

BISHOP SCHREMBS

REV. P. H. SCHAEFERS 394 THE CAECILIA

NATIONAL EUCHARISTIC CONGRESS

PROGRAM SCHEDULE OF SECTIONAL MEETINGS

Monday, September 23 Tuesday, September 24

Noon-Arrival of His Eminence Patrick Car.. 3:00 P. M.-PRIESTS- dinal Hayes, Legate of the Holy Father Public Auditorium-Ball Room 1:00 P. M.-Liturgical Reception of Papal Legate, 3:00 P. M.-SISTERS- St. John's Cathedral Public Auditorium-Music Hall 4:00 P. M.-Meeting of Diocesan Directors of 3:00 P. M.-UNIVERSITY and COLLEGE MEN Priests' Eucharistic League and WOMEN 8:00 P. M.-Civic Reception of Papal Legate, Public Auditorium-Little Theatre Public Hall of Cleveland Addresses:- Federal Representative 3:00 P. M.-NURSES (Graduate and Under..grad... State Representative uate) Municipal Representative Diocesan Representative Public Auditorium-Club Room B Bishop Schrembs, Bishop 3:00 P. M.-JOURNALISTS~ of Cleveland Response-Papal Legate Public Auditorium-Club Room A 5:30 P. M.-PUBLIC SERVICE MEN (Police, Tuesday, September 24 Firemen, Postal Service Men) 9:30 A. M.-Solemn Pontifical Mass-Opening of Public Auditorium-Little Theatre Congress Celebrant-Papal Legate 5:30 P. M.-YOUNG MEN- 1:00 P. M.-Clerical Luncheon in honor of Papal Public Auditorium-Music Hall Legate

3:00 P. M.-Various Sectional Meetings Wednesday, September.25 5:00 P. M.--Reservations for Sisters 3:00 P. M.-PRIESTS- 8:00 P. M.-General Assembly Public Auditorium-Ball Room Addresses:-Honorable Alfred E. Smith 3:00 P. M.-SISTERS- Mr. Joseph Scott, K.C.S.G. Very Rev. Msgr. Fulton Public Auditorium-Music Hall J. Sheen 3:00 P. M.-PARENT..EDUCATION GROUP­ Wednesday, September 25 Public Auditorium-Little Theatre 9:30 A. M.-Solemn Pontifical Mass-For Children 3:00 P. M.-SOCIAL SERVICE GROUP­ 11 :30 A. M.-Solemn Pontifical Mass-Oriental Public Auditorium-Club Room B (Greek) 5:30 P. M.-PROFESSIONAL MEN- 3:00 P. M.-Various Sectional Meetings Public Auditorium-Little Theatre 8:00 P. M.-Holy Hour-Reservation for Priests (vested) 5:30 P. M.-YOUNG WOMEN- Public Auditorium-Music Hall 11:00 P. M.-Holy Hour for Men 12:00 Midnight-Pontifical - General for Men Celebrant:-Most Rev. Amleto G. FOR CHANT SCHOLARS Cicognani, Apostolic D'e1egate 4 LINE MSS PAPER FOR GREGORIAN CHANT Thursday, September 26 Sheet music size, wide spaces. Red 9:30 A. M.-Solemn Pontifical Mass-For Women lines. 24 page booklets 25c each. 1:30 P. M.-Solemn Eucharistic McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. From Public Hall to Cleveland Sta.. 100 Boylston St. Boston,· Mass. dium on Lake Erie THE CAECILIA 395

GREGORIAN CHANT DISCOGRAPHY (Continued) Dom Adel/ard Bouvilliers, O.S.B.; M.A.; Mus. Doc.; Belmont, N. C.

One cannot apprise the worth of these discs it illustrates the proper function of Gregorian without being reminded of Olin Downes' accompaniment, which should be merely a press comments. The Chants, as sung light harmonic support, so as to serve as a by the Choir of Pius X School and background for the cantilena and when there directed by Mother G. Stevens of the Sa... is need to guide and help the singers. cred Heart College (Manhattan), N. Y. or The discs of both these offer in... by Mrs. Justine B. Ward. ... "give an ex... valuable service as examples of what Gre... cellent example of the feeling and mood, the gorian Chant is when well rendered,~when radiant beauty, the sculptured line of plain~ the rhythmical accuracy and the shading chant in its purest flowering of design and and the intelligence of the text is reflected in consummation of the text." Again, he the Iluances, and the organist knows his role. writes: "The beauty of this music, standing These create a true sense of reverence for so far apart from that of the present period more of these eminently worthwhile inter... and its emotional and cultural currents, was pretations of Liturgical Music, for these re... presented with a remarkable technical finish, cordings are a helpful medium. They en... taste and assimilation of its spirit." And it able seminarians, priests, choirmasters, or­ is sure that Dom Mocquereau would ap... ganists and singers to become acquainted prove of the rendition which has been im... with the best methods of teaching and learn... printed on these discs. They record soul... ing. One sees and becomes convinced that stirring singing, reminiscent of monastic children's choirs can be trained to sing with choirs-but here it is sung by the sweet, intelligence and thus, according to Pope clear and trained voices of children. Pius' words, HTo pray with beauty." Set No. M ... 177 was recorded under "Parlophone" has six recordings sung by the direction of Miss Julia Sampson, with the Members of the Westminster Cathedral Mr. Achille Bragers accompanying on the Choir. harmonium. Parlophone: The r,ecording of Pius X School Choir is uniformly good. I subscribe fully to James E3183-Asperges me, and Vidi aquam. A. Boylan's review of the same (M-177) in and Gloria (de Angelis). the first number of The Musical Record E3184-Credo, , Agnus Dei, Ite (June 1933, p. 34...35):-"One cannot but Missa Est (de Angelis). wonder at the power of these children to E3185-0 Salutaris (Palestrina), Tantum sing the intricate phrases of a florid com... Ergo, Adoremus. Melodies of the Te position like the or of the Deum. Requiem Mass (11529B) . These pieces E3211- of Our Lady. were evidently written for virtuoso singers. As the melody unfolds itself in its long lines, E3212--Kyrie, Dies irae (Mass for the Dead). it seems as if these children were under no compulsion to stop for breath. Yet the pro... E3212- Responses to the , Sanctus, portion and the balance of one phrase Agnus Dei, Communion, Libera (Mass against the other is unimpaired; there is no for the Dead). hurry or confusion; the melodic line is there This collection differs from all others; in all its austere beauty. Everything is pre... those who are accustomed to or acquainted cise and confident. It is an achievement of with monastic singing may not like it. This a very high order and reflects great credit manner of rendering Gregorian Chant has on the school which so carefully and so intel.... been termed by some as representing the ligently prepared the little ones for a task virile or the strong beat rhythmic school. of no small difficulty.H These discs have seem, at first, to present Mr. Achille Bragers' accompaniment is the applications of Dom Jules Jeannin's purposely subdued, but as light as it sounds, ( 1866... 1933) principles, but they are far 396 THE CAECILIA

from it. I lived with the late Dom Jeannin Paris), has made four discs which record the in his Abbey of Hautecombe (Savoy) and I Sacred Chant, as sung in their Abbey at heard the rendition of the choir, with Dom Averbode in the Flemish Province, Belgium. Jeannin's accompaniments. He was a sav~ Though the version of the chant that this ant and an artist (pianist and organist) be~ Order uses is not the identical text of the onle sides being a S.T.D.; he would have frankly found in the Vatican Edition, these Premon~ disliked the singing on these discs and the stratensian Chants are, nevertheless, well noisy accompaniments on such a poor har~ done as to rhythm, pauses, expression and monium. The Choir sings here as if hide~ devotion. bound, too set and too mechanical. From in~ Semen ternal evidences, I gather that this choir. is S.A. L-Response-Regnum Mundi, Ave certainly not that of the Cathedral, nor that Regina (Simple Tone). of Westminster Abbey. The Response is from the Commune The Benedictine monks of Montserrat Ab.. Sanctorum, p.91 and the Anthem from .bey and their students of their Conservatory the Processionale, p. 40. of S~re~ Music (which Conservatory the Hymn-Sanctorum Meritis (simplex). Abbey nas fostered for nearly five cen... Ex Commune Sanctorum, p. 42. turies) sing Gregorian Chant in the authen~ Hymn-Jesu Corona Virginum (501­ tic Solesmian style. The Firm "La Voz de emnis) . su Amo" has recorded two discs of Gre... Ex Comm. Sanct., p.86. gorian excerpts sung by the monks and their students, the Escolans. The Escolans' in.. S.A. 11.-Introit-Visit'abo (Feast of St. tonation is impeccable and finished in de~ Norbert) ut in trip!. grad. p.561. tail. The tone is not "dark" but not too : Nonne Cor Nostrum (Paschal "open," as is the wontof Spanish and Italian o Salutaris Hostia (Hymn, Process. p. children. They have voices of' exquisite Time) . Processionale p.97. purity touched by the warmth of life, but al~ 130, vel 7.)' ways preserving that cold clarity of boy... S.A. III.-Kyrie (In feriis, Missa XVIII). hood which is like the young moon hanging Sanctus (Triplicibus. Missa IV). in a fine April sky. Their Convertere is in... Agnus Dei (Missa IX) herently possessing lissom grace of melody; Introibo (Communion, grad. p.77). it is "a sublime prayer, so recollected, so Viri Galilaei (, grad. p.372). touchingly pious, so irresistibly supplicat~ S.A. IV-Kyrie (In Missa Requiem). In~ ing." l troit-Requiem (grad. p.121). La Voz de su Amo (Barcelona, Spain). Si ambulem (Gradual). AE 3302-Kyrie (Altissim.e, Vat. Ed. No. Subvenite (Response-In exequiis). IV ad libitum). Antequam nascerer (Response-Pro... Alleluia-Veni S. Spiritus. cessionale, p.68). AE 3347-Gradual- Convertere (Ember Different Orders have their own and an... Sat~rday of Lent). cient forms of chant, such as the Premonstra... , Rosa Vera. (A charming song in Cat... tensian, .the Cistercian, the Franciscan, the alan) . Dominican, etc., although all of them had "Parlophone" has recorded one disc for their forms revised since the studies and ap.... the Akademie fur Kirchen und Schulmusik, plication of, theories of the last century have Berlin (Germany). The Curt Sachs is sing... been put into practice. As to the Benedictine ing under the direction of Dr. H. Halbig. Order proper, that of the Black Monks of St. This disc belongs to a History of Music on Benedict, the Vatican Edition simply, or discs, and the part allotted to Gregorian with the Solesmes rhythmic signs is used. Chant does not present true Gregorian mod... Though more ancient as to its foundation els. as a religiOUS body (before the year 505, at Parlophone B. 37023... 1, Gradual,...Misit Subiaco, Italy), the Benedictine Order fol-­ Dominus (IIIrd Sunday after Epiphany). lows, in everything, the . As to The Premonstratensian Fathers (a Can... the OHlce proper, however, there is one ex-­ onical Order founded by St. Norbert at Pre... ception, for if the Vatican Gradual is the montre, France) have always devoted much one used, at and , owing care and intelligence to liturgy. The Firm to the difference in the text of the Benedic... Semen (Paris), which should not be con... tine Office, the Benedictines do not make use fused with the Firm of Lumen (also of of the Roman Antiphonary of the year 1912. THE CAECILIA 397

The Antiphonale monasticum pro diurnis pist Abbey, N+~D+ de Scourmont, at Forges... horis (the Vesperale being only a part of the lez~Chimay, Belgium. It is a beautiful and Antiphonale) is used. This neY\' work (1296 interesting triptich ... that this Firm has pages, Desclee, Tournai, 1934) cqmes as the perfectly recorded of the Cistercian Chant. complement or completion of the works of To those who hav.e yearned after some Cis~ Dom Pothier (his Antiphonary, 1881 & tercian interpretations of the cantilena. these 1891). This new edition might have been three discs,...... ,registering twelve excerpts (four ready for publication already in the year on each discs) ,...... ,will have a palpable proof 1912 or thereabouts, but the work was re~ that, at the Abbey of Forges~lez~Chimay,the tarded by the World War, and the Reform Cistercian monks amidst the austere gravity of the Ecclesiastical Calendar (1916). In of their Liturgy, have comforting hours in the meantime, more researches were made, chanting their melodies with prayerful and though with no idea of sheaving them for peaceful stresses, for peace is the sine qua the harvest of this Edition of the Monastic non for prayer. I knew of the high standard Antiphonary, but they helped when the en~ of the chant at this abbey, for 1 was ac~ tire work was placed anew on the loom, un~ quaintedwith its late organist, the Rev. Fr. cler the conduct of one principle: to reconsti~ Placid, O.C.S.O. (tI932). Father Placid tute as faithfully as possible the primitive was known in the worfif as Mathias Schap... text. Obviously, the researches had fur~ horn and came from MUnster, Germany. He nished more ample sources of information lived his monastic life, surrounded with the that was the case in 1912, and the monks affection of everyone for his fervent religios... reverted to the first original document, tak~ ity, his serviability, his gaiety and the ful... ing as a base the Antiphonary of Blessed filling of all the functions of a liturgical or... Hartker, the most ancient and the most beau... ganist. tiful. This document was written in the The discs issued by the SEMEN have one IXth century and is still kept at St. Gall's thousand feet of recording on each disc. Their Abbey, Switzerland. playing time runs up to four minutes and The Monastic Antiphonary gives the Bene... they record evenly per inch of groove in~ clictine Order the possession of a work of stead of per revolution. The SEMEN discs great interest and it is a monument hailing are unbreakable. from the School of Solesmes Abbey. Would that this monument might be like the one Naturally, the Cistercian monks recorded of which Horace spoke umonumentum, aere first of all their Solemn Salve Regina. One perennius." The 'work was done as it had who has' ever visited a Trappist monastery been conceived, and without any compro~ and has ever heard this Anthem. (in the mise, as was the case with some of the for~ Dorian Mode) sung by the Fathers and the mer vatican editions of 1908 and 1912. Also, Converse brothers at the close of Complins, the new Antiphonrary has many changes keeps forever a deep remembrance of this simple and austere monody. It is like the in melodic texts and phrasings from the Ro~ rendition of the Salve Regin1a that are sung man Antiphonary (1912), or the Monastic Antiphonary (1891). Further, the scrupule at the Abbey of Our Lady of the Hermits of the entire archeological reconstitution has (Einsiedeln), Switzerland, and at Montser... brought also the reintegration, the use, in rat Abbey (Catalonia}, Spain. the Gregorian notation, of printed charac~ All the excerpts recorded at Forges~lez... ters, which heretofore had been a'ssimilable Chimay Abbey have been chosen either for to the punctum: the punctum- liquescens, the their origin t frankly Cistercian, or for the apostropha and the oriscus are hereafter symbolical rapprochement that these chants neatly distinguishable. Furthermore, the in~ present with the monastic life of the Trap... corporation of rhythmical signs in this edi~ pists, which is essentially contemplative and tion, corresponding ,to the signs employed penitential. melo~ in the original of St. Gall gives us a SEMEN: dic and rhythmical reconstitution. Thus, archeology is recording a real victory; aes~ S.C. L,...... ,Salve Regina,...... ,Anthem (Solemn thetics also, and that without any doubt, for Tone). in matters of art like in Liturgy, the former Verbum Supermun-Hymn (Office of pattern has chances of being the best, since the Most ). evolution is so often decadence. Te Lucis (Complins. Rit. of iij Lessons). SEMEN has recorded three discs of the Mane Nobiscum (Anthem used at Bene... singing of the Cistercian monks of the Trap~ diction of the Most Blessed Sacrament). 398 THE CAECILIA

S.C. II.,-Alleluia; Ave Stillans (Feast of the used by the after the actual Passion Visitation) . has be,en sung; here we have Dam Anselm Alleluia: Oaritate Vulneratus (Feast of Hughes singing it. This melody has ape... St. Bernard). culiarly mystical note, -entirely appropriate Ego Dormio,-Response (In honor of to its . The Rev. Bro. Joseph the Blessed Virgin, Mary). sings the Gradual of the Missa de Requie Ascendit Christtis,- (Magnif. (He chant( ), with Dam Hughes and 1st Vespers of Assumption). my friend kev. Bro. Patrick Dalton, acting S.C. III.,-Domine, Non Secundum-Tract as the chorus). Bro. Joseph sings also the (F.erias of Lent). second Ascentiontide HAlleluia, Alleluia, Chorus Angelorum-Antiphon. Dominus in Sancto;" while Bro. Patrick Clementissime-id. sings the first Alleluia of this feast HAUeluia, Domine Miserere,-SuppIication (The ij. Alleluia, Ascendit Deus in jubilatione." three last excerpts are taken from the The interpretation, sonority, rhythm, balance Cistercian Rite for the Burial of the and treatment of words are beautifully done, Dead). and special praise must go to the recor.ders There is, perhaps, no Order in the Church, for maintaining so delicate and perfect a bal... which at once commands our admiration and ance. Let us hope that this disc and the wins our love like that of the great and an... others recorded by the Nashdom Abbey sing... cient Order of St. Benedict. Even Angli... ers (Music of the Chapel of King Henry VI) canism has offered to it the poor meed of will have much turntable service, for an ac... praise, in attempting to transplant it to a quaintance with these recordings can foreign soil. It attempted to place its feeble scarcely fail to create in the teacher an in... imitation of monastic life under the nam,e of tens,e desire to hear more of these excerpts; the great Patriarch of Western Monks, such good interpretations grows upon one. claiming a patron in the Church, because Dam Anselm Hughes has been using many none could be found outside its pale. recorded discs in his lectures. Such record... There exist among the different Protestant ings, when well donIe, reveal fresh depths denominations more than twenty houses at... and beauties after countless hearings, hence tempting to lead a religious life (men or wo... they have real, musical value and sterling men) under the Holy Rule of St. Benedict. qualities. "i'hey are not only a delight but Among these are the monks of Nashdom also form the medium of a tremendous edu... Abbey, Burnham, (Bucks), England. Their cation. In this instance as in many others, late , Dom Denis Prideaux (t1934), I have emulated various teachers in the use was a capable man, and so are the other of good discs, whether they record piano... members of this Anglican Community, for... forte or organ literature. merly established in the old Pershore Abbey. The VICTOR COMPANY of Camden, Dom Anselm Hughes is a real Gregorianist N. J. has the following recent discs available and a musicologue of repute, known abroad for education purposes. May they be added on account of his work with the Plainsong to the Disc Armory or Record Press and land Mediaeval Music Society, and known give much turn...table service. also in America through his two lecture 24819 FIMOW: tours on behalf of r.eligious and sacred music. I. Gloria Patri 2. Et Incarnatus Est The Nashdom Abbey Singers have had 3. Angele Dei 4. 0 Salutaris Hostia many discs recorded by Columbia. Dom 5. Tantum Ergo 6. Salve Mater (from Hughes uses some discs from Winchester, "The Catholic Music Hour," First Book). these especially recorded for illustrating I. Sanctus and Benedictus from Mass some parts of his lectures on chant; these, I XVIII 2. Salva nos, Domine 3. Veni am not acquainted with and no catalogue, Creator 4. Ave Verum (from "The to my knowledge, mentions them. I shall Catholic Music Hour," Second Book). limit myself here to the mention of their lat... 24820 FIMPE: est disc (1934), the only one recording Gre... 1. Adoremus and Laudate (Third Book) gorian excerpts. It is also a Columbia disc 2. Asperges Me (Fourth Book) (from whose number is Col. DX639. "The Catholic Music Hour"). The Anglicans feel that it is a very beau... I. Ave Maria 2. Ut Queant Laxis 3. tiful and adequate mode of expressing fur-­ Suavis Dominus 4. Ad Te Confugimus ther (on the discs) what the Church has to (from H

NOTES FROM A LECTURE GIVEN BY DR. HUGH ROSS ON CHOIR CONDUCTING

Editor~s Note: Dr. Hugh Ross. Conductor of the To secure proper attack, not too abrupt Chorus of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. or sharp,-'Or ragged, he pointed out the (which in turn is led by Leopold Stokowski) is an value of playing the prelude only and hav­ acknowledged expert in choral work. ing the choir come in on the first note un... His views are interesting. and his hints helpful to any choirmaster. Accordingly we set down here a accompanied. Thus the tempo of the piece few notes just as they were taken down by a student could be easily established. at a lecture given by Dr. Ross a short time ago. These notes are unchanged. hence the obviously abridged (C) WHY UNACCOMPANIED sentences in many places. Nevertheless they seem to SINGING! convey the ideas of Dr. Ross in a clear manner. They are not complete nor do they represent all of the fine Dr. Ross emphasized the point that the points brought out by the lecturer. For those who distinguishing characteristic of a chorus was obtain an opportunity. to hear a lecture or course by "singing". It differentiates a chorus from Dr. Ross. these notes should provide an incentive to an organ, an orchestra, or a piano. There..­ attend. For those who may not happen to hear Dr. Ross. we offer the following as an outline of some of fore its essential nature, being vocal, should his views. be established as such at once. The average rehearsal i~ held with a (A) READING MUSIC piano of accompaniment purposes. The In singing the average choral piece~ piano is a staccato instrument, and thus it especially in church music. The next nore, will affect th,e tone of singers adversely, following the one 'being sung is either the especially in legato passages. Its tone is same note, or one note higher, or, one note harsh, while church music should be smooth, lower-90% of the time. m'ore in the line of Hhead tone"., Thus to The points at which long intervals appear avoid strident effects, the choir should im... should be noted at the beginning, and more mediately sing unaccompanied. time can be given throughout the rest of the By unaccompanied singing at Brst, the pi.ece, to the reading of the words, or fol--­ director may learn at once whether or not lowing the conductor. each singer is doing his part. (D) FIRST STEPS (B) THE REHEARSAL Have two singers at a time sing a line, Dr. Ross, took a chorus, and gave them thus vocal defects will be discovered, and a piece, and proceeded as follows: (none of assurance given that each person can sing the singers had ever seen the chorus before) the part. Mozart Ave Verum (English W01"ds) Beware of Hgood" singers at Brst re... (1) He played it through once, while the hearsals. Ask the good singers or uleaders" choir sang it with him. to refrain from singing at Brst. Too many (2) He played the prelude and had the in a ,choir ride along on the Hleader". They Soprano part sing the first page from the wait to hear the first note, and then join in, first note on - without accompaniment or thus creating a bad effect. Too many of the conducting. chorus, will wait until they hear the first (3) Then he had the Alto, Tenor and note of the piano, etc., and then c'Ome in, Bass parts, singing together do the same another reason for eliminating the accom... thing. paniment at once. (4) Then he had the whole choir do the same thing. (8) ON READING MUSIC Thus he had the first page sung unaccom... If the choir is not made up of those who panied at once. He corre,cted the attack on can read elementary music progressions. the Brst note, and point.ed out the in'correct They should be trained in' that first, by rhythm which the choir had used, by com... vocal exercises, and other methods. The ing in with chords, on the piano, occasion... time lost in teaching how to read music, will ally to show the singers that they were be saved in the months to come. Once the ahead or behind the beat. singers feel that they can read the notes of He stated that the average volunteer the scale (which they should learn in the choir, does not keep the proper tempo, but grade schools), then you can teach them usually drags before many measures have how to learn a line at a time. It is startling been sung. how quickly this can be done by applica... 400 THE CAECILIA

tion of the idea pronounced at the beginning (I) SHORTAG,E OF TENORS of this article. A line of music can be photo.... The average tenor today, is a minus graphed in the mind, so easily this way. quantity. This is due to lack of numbers. Then the singer can give attention to the Present.... day range of a man's voice is one words, and finally to the conductor. octave. If train,ed it should be 2~ octaves (F) THE CONDUCTOR at least. Teach your singers that the vowels The function of the conductor at a per.... e and a (eee and aay) are automatically formance is to beat time, in measured music, sung in what is called head tone. Long a or establish the rhythm in gregorian. Also (aaah) is sung in chest tone; and U 00" is to notify the parts 'when they are to come sung in mouth tone. Tell the singers to avoid trying to sing in, and to keep the parts balanced, in tone. H At rehearsals the real work is done. Tone natural "head.... tone words, in the chest production to suit the piece, may be pro.... register, etc. cured. Explanation of the theme, the his.... tory of the piece, and its value should be (J) SELECTING THE MUSIC done at rehearsal. Use homophonic music first. Have all (G) TEST YOUR SINGERSI parts start and stop together, to get blend effect. Fugues can come afterwards. Fit Strike the notes of an ordinary chord. the music to the choir, not the choir to the Strike them one after the other, four notes music. in all and ask each singel", one after the other, to sing the four notes you just played. (K) CAN YOU BEAT TIME? Strike the notes in a different key, after each singer so that the second singer will Dr. Ross told a story, substantially the not have an advantage. following: Thus strike, four notes successively in Toscannini, picked up a piece of music the key of·C for the first singer. Then four and read it once, then he sat down and notes in the key of G for the next singer, played it. Dr. Ross, out of curiosity, took etc. another copy of the piece which had the You'll be surprised at the results of this composer's metronome mark on it, and set test. the metronome, to see how T oscannini'sin... Then play the notes 0 f a diminished terpretation suited the composer's idea of seventh chord, .one after the other, or any the piece. irregular progression of notes. Then try Toscannini had played the piece with a ,and get a singer to repeat the notes you tempo within two of the composees indica... have just played. tion, and the metronome count. Play the four notes in succession only The average person, who is asked to play once, then ask the singer to sIng them back or sing a piece at a given metronome time, to you without accompaniment. Change the will be considered an acceptable conductor, notes for the next singer after one singer if he comes within ten of the actual metro... has tried to sing the notes back to you. nome measure, on test. In the test we saw, only one in fifteen of the choir singers, could do the diminished (L) TEST YOUR OWN SKILL seventh chord from memory. Try this on yourself. Take a piece of By doing this you will find out those who music that has the metronome time marked. are unable to carry a tune, and those who (Not that the metronome Indications on are very skillful. This will help to take the music, are arbitrary and to be observed conceit out of any haughty individuals who completely-but as a test of your idea of think they know more than all the rest of tempo.) Ask someone to set the metronome the choir. at the tempo you are playing in after you (H) ASSIGNING SINGERS TO PARTS have played about fifteen measures of the Another hint Dr. Ross gave, pertained to piece. If you are within ten of the desired' the selection of singers for each part. metronome beat, you have an average idea , Ask the person to sing three or four notes of tempo. Naturally you mustn't listen to as you play them on the Piano. From the the proper tempo before beginning the test. character of tone you can immediately tell Then you will appreciate why great sym.... 'whether the voice is naturally a lyric so.... phony conductors, are really interpretive prano, dramatic soprano, an Alto, or Tenor, 'wizards. They have an uncanny sense of Bass, etc. Not by the range but by the rhythm, in addition to a sharp sense of pitch Quality. and tone color. MissaTertia ~Ol For Two or Four Voices

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M.~R.Co. 829 THE CAECILIA 417 Music Appreciation By SISTER MARY CHERUBIM, O.S.F. Directress of Music, St. Joseph Convent Milwaukee, Wis.

"The object of music is to strengthen and ennoble the soul:' -LUIS DE MORALES Music. I yield to thee. As swimmer to the sea, I give my spirit to the flood of song: Bear me upon thy breast [n rapture and at rest. Bathe me in pure delight and make me strong. From strife and struggle bring release, And draw the waves of passion into tides of peace. -HENRY VAN DYKE

MUSIC APPRECIATION IN GRADE VII The Development LESSON XIV Theme A (8 measures) in inverted mo.­ tion and in the key of E minor,...... , THE SONATA (Continued) Violin and piano in unison Pupils are now prepared to analyze the Theme A (8 measures) in inverted mo.­ first movement of a Sonata. Review the tion, but now in the key of F sharp plan of construction of the "Sonata.-form" minor,...... , Violin and piano in unison giv,en in the previous lesson. Modulatory Passage (12 measures)"""" Though most sonatas are written for a leading to solo instrument. sonatas for violin and piano are also found among the masters' works. The Re'capiitu}ation

To illustrate the sonata.-form. the H Allegro Theme A (8 measures) in the original molto" (First movement from "Sonata in key,...... , Violin and piano in unison At. for violin and piano by Mozart is very Theme B (extended to 16 measures)"""" suitable. A more or less detailed analysis of in fragments by violin and piano al.­ this movement is as follows: ternately Episode (12 measures) -introduced by The Exposition the piano, the violin entering later, Theme A (8 measures) in A Major,...... , and leading into Violin and piano in unison Them.e C (8 measures) originally in E Theme A,...... ,repeated Major, but now in A Major,...... , violin Theme B (8 measures) in A Major. be.­ accompanied by tremolo on the piano gins in the same measure in which Theme C,...... ,repeated in octaves by the Theme A ends"""" piano. 'while the violin plays a tremolo Violin with piano accompaniment accompaniment. As in the Exposition. Episode (12 measures) -introduced by this theme is extended by 7 measures, the piano. the violin entering several and with its final note leads into the measures later. This episode modu.­ Coda""""similar to the Closing Theme of lates to the key of E Major the Exposition. ending. however. in Theme C (8 m.easures) in E Major,...... , the Tonic key of A Major Violin with a sort of tremolo piano accompaniment Play "Allegro molto" from "Sonata in A" Theme C...-repeated by the piano, while by Mozart,...... ,V.R.22018. the violin plays a tremolo accompani.­ a) Pupils recognize the various themes mente This theme is extended by 7 and their repetitions. measures and leads with its final note Note: Pupils should not be expected to into the work out a detailed analysis as given above. Closing Theme (16 measures) ,...... ,ending The teacher. however. should be familiar the Exposition of the three themes. with the complete analysis. If possible. an 418 THE CAECILIA original copy of the HSonata in A" for 1. Allegro (in sonata...form) Violin and Piano, by Mozart, should be 2. Andante, Adagio, or another slow procured for the school library, and used movement of a more or less lyric by the teacher to thoroughly familiarize her... character self with the form of construction. 3. Minuet or Scherzo b) Write on the board, thus: 4. Allegro The Exposition Like in the sonata, the four movements Theme A are each of a different character. The first Theme A repeated movement ·is in sonata...form, and may be ThemeB called "intellectual". The second is more or Episode less lyric in style, and hence termed "em.o... Theme C (violin) tional". The third is in dance form, and Theme C (piano) "graceful or playful". The fourth, often in Closing Theme rondo form, is a brilliant climax or finale. Haydn is called the "Father of the Sym... The Development phony"; he wrote many compositions in this Theme A modifled- (major or minor?) form. Mozart also wrote many symphonies. Theme A modified- (major or minor?) One of his b.est compositions is the "Sym... Modulatory Passage phony in G Minor". It bel'ongs to the out... The Recapitulation standing masterpieces of symphonic litera... Theme A- (original key?) ture. Theme B-in fragments Mozart lived during a time when pure Episode beauty, unalloyed with meaningless thought Theme C (violin) or grim reality, was upp.ermost in composers' Theme C (piano) minds as the ideal of true art. His H Sym­ Coda phony in G Minor" is a musical creation of Now play the movement again. The pure beauty. Schubert said 'Of this sym­ pupils raise a hand as the music progresses phony, "You can hear the angels singing in from one theme or passage to another, while it". And all great composers since Mozarfs on.e pupil with pointer indicates the pro... day spoke highly of this beautiful work. A gression on the board. Play the music sev... brief analysis follo~s: eraI times, and let the class discuss various Allegro Motto features. Never allow the study of form to (First movement) in sonata...form become tedious by a too...detailed and tire... some analysis. The recognition of the vari... The Exposition ous themes in following the Sonata... form will Theme A-violins. Happy, graceful, be a thrilling experience if the teacher pre... and carefree; "Like a dashing brook sents the lessons in an interesting manner. in early spring, with the· delicacy of gentlest rain" If time permits, close this lesson by letting Transitional theme the pupils enjoy listening to the beautiful Theme B in B flat Major-M'Ore.song­ "Ave Maria" by Fr. Schubert, as recorded like than Theme A; it is announced on V.R.7103* and played by the great artist, , by the strings and instantly taken up Mischa Elman. The opposite side of this by the oboe bassoon. record has been used in Lesson XI to illus... Closing Theme - scale passages and trate the ~~ Air on the G String" by J. S. tt fragments of Theme A, closing with Bach, from his "Suite in D. emphatic repetitions of conclusive LESSON XV chords THE SYMPHONY The Dev'elopment A symphony is a sonata for orchestra. It A Free Fantasia almost entirely worked is the highest form of instrumental music, out of the material of the main and the largest form of composition con... Theme A structed according to a given plan or pat... The.Recapitulation tern. Like the sonata, it usually consists of Theme A three or four movements (sometimes of more Transitional Theme-considerably than four), but due to the larger resources lengthened of the orchestra, the movements are more Theme B-now in G Major extended and elaborate than those of the so'" Coda-based on material of the first nata. The movements usually are: theme THE CAECILIA 419

A copy of Symphony No. 48 in G Minor, from "Analytic Symphony Series for tt Piano , edited and annotated by Percy Special Literature Goetschius, Mus. Doc., and published by Oliver Ditson Co., B'oston, might he pur.­ Text Book of Gregorian Chant chased for the school library, and used by Gregory Sunol, OSB ...... $1.50 the teacher in presenting these lessons on Latest work~according to Solesmes Theory. the symphony. Short Treatise On The Accompaniment of Gregorian Chant. Write on board: Achille Bragers $2.50 Symphony in G Minor-Mozart The latest book on the scbject. Allegro Molto The Spotlight On Catholic Church Music. Andante V. Rev. Gregory Hugle, OSB... $ .75 Minuet Most Common Questions and Answers on Allegro assai Subject. Determined By Two Years' Conduct of Question Box. First Movement-Allegro Molto History of Church Music The Exposition Dr. Karl Weinman $1.50 Theme A Concise summary of various periods. Transitional Theme The Training of Catholic Choirs Theme B Donald J. S. Edeson...... $1.00 Closing Theme Paper,..covered book. unexcelled for practi,.. cal use. The Development Religious Music Fre.e Fantasia on Theme A Rene Agrain $2.00 An old favorite work of real value to The Recapitulation Catholic Church Choirmasters. Theme A Transitional Theme (lengthened) Music of the Roman Rite Richard R. Terry $3.75 Theme B "The Bible" for many church musicians. Coda Comprehensive. and interesting on every phase Now play the part of Theme A given be,;. of church music. low, and have pupils sing it (an 'octave Essentials In Sight Singing , Nicola Montani $2.00 lower) : Volume II "The Art of A Cappella Singing". A Exhaustive and specific suggestions from an Then play the part of Theme B given expert of many years' exper1ence as a choir,.. below: master. B Choir and Chorus Conducting Between the themes A and B, a short Frederick W. Wodell $2.25 transitional theme is heard, the chief motive Choral Music and Its Practice of which is given below. Note that this Noble Cain ...... $2.00 motiv.e is heard successively four times. It Essentials In Conducting is much used later in the movement, especi.­ Karl W. Gehrkins ...... • $1.75 ally in the lengthened transitional theme of Boy Choir Training the Recapitulation. G. Edward Stubbs... $1.00 These are but a few of the books we recom,.. C mend. The above are the most practical, and After the pupils have become familiar helpful for present,..day conditions. Tell Us with the above melodies, let them hear the Your Needs! entire mov.ement from V.R. 9116. Pupils The .above are the publications of various raise a hand whenever they hear familiar houses. hence cannot be sent "on approval". themes or fragments of such. Upon re.­ for more than nve days. As we have to order these books from the publishers. to keep peated hearing, let the class make an effort up our stock. CASH MUST ACCOMPANY to hum or vocalize the entire first subject. ALL ORDERS. If books found unsatisfactory. (The first melody given above is only one.­ are returned nve days after receipt. Remittance fourth of Theme A.) will be refunded in full. less postage charges. of course. The analysis of the larger forms, and the singing of themes will be Hgreat fun", if the teacher knows how to pres.ent the lesson McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. with enthusiasm....-if her heart radiates the 100 Boylston Street - Boston, Mass. sacred flame of artistic love and high ideals. 420 THE CAECILIA

WHERE TO BUY- McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. EDITION CATHOLIC CHURCH MUSIC Chimes Prices are net whether you buy through a dealer or direct from the publisher. IN harmony with the good music of a The following have a representative stock of choir, the deep reverential tone of McLaughlin & Reilly publications on hand. and Altar chimes, are effective, and blend are equipped to handle your order promptly. Chicago, Illinois harmoniously with the spirit 0 f the Lyon & Healy. Inc. Holy Service. NewYork,N. Y. Harold Flammer. Inc. I. Fischer & Bro. St. Louis, Mo. Hunleth Music Co. Minneapolis, Minn. . Paul A. Schmidt Co. Pittsburgh, Pat H. A. Becker Music Co. Dubuque, Iowa Tri--State Music Co. Detroit, Michigan Krieg Brothers Grinnell Bros. San Antonio, Texas San Antonio Music Co. Los Angeles, CalUornia Preeman--Matthews San Francisco, California Sherman Clay Co. Sail Diego, California San Diego Music Co. Indianapolis, Indiana Order Now! Church Music Conunission No.9. Deagan Three~Tone Baltimore, Maryland Church Music Commission Altar Chime $10.00 .McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. (1134" long. 731" wide. 4" deep) 100 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. Three resonant bars, with Mallet.

No. 11. Deagan Five~Tone Altar Chime $15.00 CATHOLIC CHURCH MUSIC (11 %" long. 11 %" wide. 4" deep) Five Lustro Gold Bars, with With us, Church MusiQ is not merely Mallet. a side issue. Music is our sole specialty and our Catholic Department has been founded for the purpose of giving a N9.658. Cathedral Altar highly specialized service in Catholic Chime $55-00 Church Music. (Wall Chimes .58" long) Our latest· complete catalogues will Five Lustro Gold Tubular be forwarded on request and all en... bells, with Mallet. Exquisite quirieswill receive immediate and care... tone. ful attention. J. & W. CHESTER, LTD. 11 Great Marlborough Streett McLaughlin & Reilly Co. London, England 100 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. THE CAECILIA 421

GREGORIAN CHAN'T DISCOGRAPHY another little horn, before whom there were (Continued from Page 398) three of the first horns plucked up by the These two discs record simple Gregorian roots: and behold, in this horn were eyes Chants taken from the new school music like the eyes of man, and a mouth speak... readers, THE CATHOLIC MUSIC HOUR ing great things. ... .ft by Most Reverend Joseph Schrembs. D.O. Where To Find Information About and collaborators. The recorded chants Recorded Excerpts From were sung by school children of the St. Mar... tin and St. Philip de N eri parishes of New Gregorian Chant York City, under the direction of the Misses The lover of Chant discs has certainly de Nigris, the two charming young ladies been catered to, as there are more than 122 in 'charge of the choir music in these par... of those discs. But where can we find in... ishes. formation anent this kind of recorded music? The CATHOLIC MUSIC HOUR text The writer of this compilation or harvest books contain in all the music'of one hun... of sheaved comments on discs recording dred twenty...five chants, including forty two Gregorian Chant has no ax to grind and no recorded chants. The course uses as a nu... special propaganda to set forth, being mere... cleus for intensive study, eighteen of the ly one of many who, without being a mem'" twenty...four typical chants recorded by the ber of a "Disc and Needle Club," keeps Monks of Solesmes. abreast of recording activities. He only re... The sevente.en chants recorded on these alized the extraordinary success a teacher two discs were recorded for The CATHO... may achieve in the use of discs. In this, as LIC MUSIC HOUR and are intended to in other matters musical, he can assure for serve as models for children. ,The editors he is aware that, "to know Gregorian Mu... of the new music text books hope through sic, it is necessary to hear it." these records to prepare school children for There was once published a first... class the more complex chants of the Solesmes magazine entitled HLes Disques" by Messrs. A b be y discs. Through a rich back... H. Roger Smith of Philadelphia, Pa. It was ground of active listening to the good tone charmingly edited but this magazine publi... quality and intonation, clear enunciation, cation after the issuance of three complete ,correct Italian pronunciation of Latin, and volumes (1930...33) has ceased to appear. accurate interpretation of the Gregorian rhy... HThe Musical Recordtt (Philadelphia), ed... thm, they hope to lay a firm foundation for ited by Richard J. Magruder, appeared only a more extended study of Chant in Catholic one year (June 1933...-May 1934). Peter Schools. Through these present recordings, Hugh has'a bi... monthly column in Presser's diffident teachers also, may build up confi... "Etude"; it is entitled Records and Radio. dence in their own ability to teach Chant in The New York Sunday Times usually car... the recognized, authoritative style approved ries an article by Compton Pakenham, by the Church. HNewly Recorded Music." One is kept in... Gregorian discs are very informing and formed, however, on everything in this line constructive. The cultural value of the by subscribing to The Gramophone (1 Oa, phonograph is another demonstration of gen... Soho Square, London, W. I), a monthly, uine importance to the teacher, as the discs edited by Compto~ Mackenzie and his withstand the exacting tests of repetitions and brother... in... law Christopher Stone. This reveal hiddep instruction each time one splendid English Monthly is now in its thir... plays them. As they are listened to, more teenth year (1935). Mr. Compton Mac... and more ideas sort themselves and, thereby, kenzie is, perhaps, the possessor of the lar... musical education by discs moves on apace. gest collection of records (discotheca) in the Did not the gramophone give to its gramo... world; his Recorded Music Library is re... musical enthusiasts the intrinsic pleasure and ported to contain more than 10,000 discs. It salient success which they ardently longed does not surprise one, however, knowing for? And, in its graphic presentation of in... Compton Mackenzie's activities, literary and spired chanting or any excellent recording gramophonic. He is known as the archpriest that will give edification to its listeners as of the Gramophone World! long as there is a groove on a disc to play, Lastly, I secured much information from does not the gramophone suggest the piece the monthly letter issued by The Gramo"" of machinery of 'which Daniel wrote. in his phone Shopt Inc. (18 East Forty,..Eighth VIIth Chapter, v.8:...- H I considered the Street, New York City, N. Y.). This is the horns, and behold, there came up among greatest place in the world where'one may 422 THE CAECILIA find the best recorded music. The business ethics of this concern are stimulating and BIOGRAPHIES more than satisfying. The Gflamophone Shop, Inc. has issued an Encyclopedia of of Catholic Church Musicians the World's Best Recorded Music; its sec... ond Edition is dated 1931, and covers 372 pages. It was completely revised and com... piled by Richard Gilbert, and a third edi... tion of the same is about to be issued. Viv... at! Floreat! Crescat! Envoi For the present the writer concludes these notes and comments on Gregorian Chant Discography, notes taken down with no idea at the time, of sheaving them for the KARL KEMPTER harvest of this article. (1801~1871) Resume of the Discogmphy on Born Jan. 17,1801, in Limbach bei Burgau, Gregorian Chant Died Mar. 11, 1871, in Augsburg. Choi~gJ.aster at the Cathedral in Augs.. CHRISTSCHALL-St. Ereritrude's Abbey, burg. COmposer of Masses and Oratorios. Vienna (Austria) .-Benedictine Nuns.-3 discs. Missionaries of the Congregation of Steyl (S.V.D.) Molding, near Vienna (Austria) .-3 discs. Maria Laach Abbey of Abbatial CoIIege at Maredsous (id.)­ (Germany) .-Benedictine Monks.-7 discs. 12 discs. Cistercian Chant.-N. D. Abbey White Fathers in their Church at Treves de S'courmont, Forges""lez... Chimay (Bel.. (Germany) .-14 discs. gium) .-3 discs. COLUMBIA.-Schola Cantorum.- Paris VICTOR-Rome (1904), Benedictines, Au.. (France).-1 disc. Dutch Friars (O.F.M.) gustines, Sistine Chapel & Sulpician Sem.. Venray (Holland).-6 discs. Choir of N. inarians-8 discs. Ampleforth Abbey Dame d'Auteuil, Paris (France).-3 discs. (England) -Dom Bernard McEIligot and Nashdom Abbey Singers, Burnham, Bucks Schola-2 discs. Solesmes-Dom Joseph (England).-1 disc. Gajard and Benedictine Monks-12 discs. ELECTROLA.-St. Martin's Archabbey, Pius X School, Manhattan, N. Y. Mrs. Dr. Beuron (Germany) Benedictine Monks.­ Ward.-2 discs. Pius X School, Man~ 7 discs. hattan, N. Y. Miss Julia Sampson-5 discs LUMEN-Maitrise Notre ... Dame, Paris St. Martin and St. Philip di Neri. Misses. (France).-2 discs. Chanteurs St. Nicho~ de Nigris, 2 discs. las, Paris (France) -2 discs. Maitrise St. Eustache, id..- 4 discs. Chorale Lu~ TOTAL NUMBER, (1935) 127 DISCS. men, id..-2 discs. BIBLIOGRAPHY: - Dom Joseph Krebs, PARLOPHONE.-Academic fur Kirchen O.S.B. Disques Gregoriens-in Musica Sa­ und Schulmusik (Berlin) Curt Sachs.-l cra, XXXIX Annee, March 1932, No. 1 disc. Members of Westminster Cathedral (Bruges, Belgium), pp. 18...26. Choir (England) -6 discs. CAECILIA (Strasbourg) nov....dec. 1930: PHOENODIBEL.-Dom Malherbe's Phoen~ E. Clauss UChant & musique d'Eglise sur odibel Choir, Paris (France) -6 discs. plaques de gramophone? Entreprise it sou.. POLYDOR.-Schulemusik, Dortmund (G,er.. tenir. Morceaux deja enregistres." many) .-Dom Romuald Peffer.-5 discs. La RassegnaMusicale (Turin) Sept. 1930 Children's Schola, Paderborn (Germany) uLe Gramophone et renseignement." 2 discs. Dom J. Gajard's uLes disques de chant La Voz d~ su Amo.-Barcelona (Spain), gregorien enregistres a Solesmes" (Desclee Montserrat Benedictines and Escolans-­ & Cie., Tournai, Belgium, 12 pages). 2 discs. Gramophone Records by an anonymous SEMEN- Premonstratensian Chant.-Aver.. Benedictine.... in the PAX Vol. 23, Nos. bode Abbey (Belgium).-4 discs. Schola 142, 143, 145, year 1933. THE CAECILIA 423

Question and Answer Box

Conducted Monthly by DOM GREGORY BUGLE, O.S.B., Prior, Conception Abbey, Conception, Mo. Send your Questions to Father Gregory, they will be } answered in thia column without reference to your name.

Copyright 1934 by McLaughlin & Reilly Co.

Questions submitted in M1ay and members, and what happened? The June, 1935 Bishop just r'ecited the versicles and the assistant Clergy answered them. We ttIs it the avowed policy of the Church were not even given a chance to sing the to abolish choirs and to revert to ex­ 'Confirtma hoe Deus'; Bishop and Clergy clusive chant, congregationaUy rend­ were through ere we n.oticed it". ered, in t,he n,ot dista,nt future, and if so, A. It must be remembered that Con­ what becomes of the choir to recognise firmation may be administered amid art-progress throughout the ages?" ever so many varying circumstances. It A. We have different Papal pro­ may be- administered any time of the nouncements of recent date which posi­ day, to individuals, to private groups or tively state that besides plainchant the to large- gatherings. According to the classical polyphony "should be largely Roman Pontifical the cooperation of restored, especially in the greater bas­ the church choir is not required; the silicas, in cathedrals, and 'in seminaries assistant Clergy fare to answer the and other institutions where the neces­ Bishop's prayers and invocations. What sary means of performing it are not here has been said refers primarily to wanting". In the same of the Bishop's Cathedral; it mt;ly sound 1903 goes on to say: "The strange to organists of parish churches, more modern music may also be allowed where is connected with in churches, since it has produced com­ the greatest possible solemnity. In positions good and serious and dignified many places the Bishop administers this enough to be worthy of liturgical use". Sacrament only every thre,e, four, or The present Holy Father Pius XI, in five years. In consideration of this fact his Apostolic Constitution of 1928 says: the organist or choir director will have "The boys should be trained by choir­ to find out from the Pastor, long in ad­ masters so that, according to the old vance of the Bishop's coming: custom of the- Church, they may join in (1) Whether there will be solemn recep­ singing in the choir with the men, es,­ tion of the Bishop in which the pecially when, as in polyphonic music, "Ecce sacerdos magnus" with the they are employed for the treble part versicles "Prot-ector noster aspice which used to be called the Cantus''. Deus" are sung, (the prayers con­ From these quotations it is evident nected with the OanonioaZ Vis'ita­ that there is absolutely no policy in the ti.on.) . Church to abolish choirs and to revert to exclusive chant use. (2) or whether the choir shall at once sing the IIVeni Oreator Spiritus"; u We had made elaborate preparations (3) whether the Bishop will recite or for Confirmation, I had written out and sing the versicles and prayers, al­ printed sufficient copies for the choir lowing the choir to answer them; 424 THE CAECILIA

(4) whether the choir is expected to of this Sacrament and that the Roman sing a few appropriate numbers Pontifical very wisely gives the alterna­ during the Confirmation. tive "to recite or to sing the versicles (Looking back upon an experience of fifty years and prayers". we recall having received from the Master of Cere-­ monies orders such as the following: The Bishop does .,We recite th1e Li,ttle Office of the not want the choir to sing any responses; the assistant priests will take care of them; the choir may sing a Blessed Virgin Mary da,ily in com,mon. few suitable selections during Connrmation, yet not We have been using dil!erent editions so as to disturb the sacred function; the Bishop prefers absolute silence during Confirmation.) of the Little Office. Our main trouble (5) whether the choir is expected to occurs in Vespers and . In some sing the antiphon •• Confirma hoc books the prayers conclude with the Deus" with the responses following. short formul,a 'Per Christum Dominum (6) whether a concluding hymn, e.g. nostrum', i,n other editions with the long "Holy God we praise Thy name", formula (Per Dominum nostrum J esum shall be sung. Christum Filium tu,um: Qui tecu,m vivit, etc. ' Which edition gives the correct (( Who is supposed to intone the (( V eni version;" Orea,tor Spiritus" sung before Confirm­ ·ation?" A. The Little Office of The Blessed Virgin Mary has been carefully revised A. There is no official intonation to when, during the reign of Pius X, the j this hymn, beeause it does not form part Roman was reformed. The of the Confirmation liturgy; it is in­ principal change introduced at that time toned by the whole choir as soon as the were the very conclusions of the prayers Bishop approaches the High Altar. at Vespers and Lauds that gave you so "Is not the antiphon'ECCE SACER­ much trouble. It is now definitely set­ DOS MAGNUS' to be su'ng prior to the tled that THE LONG· CONCLUSION hymn VENI CREATOR SPIRITUS" " must be used with each of the three A. The answer to this question de­ prayers that come, under consideration. pends upon circumstances. Whenever a Matters are now simplified: The prin­ is connected with cipal orations in all Confirmation the antiphon"Ecce sacer­ have the long conclusion; the short dos magnus" with versicles and prayers formula a.ppears only with the prayers forms part of the solemn reception. In after the Blessed Virgin anthem, as country parishes these two things are given after Compline. generally combined. In city parishes it u We have been told the H ellebusch may happen that the Bishop administers melodies are forbidden in church; is this Confirmation in different churches with­ true?" in a short period of time, e.g. forenoon, afternoon, and evening, and in those in­ A. Bernard H. Francis Hellebusch, stances the antiphon may be omitted. for many years a faithful and successful teacher in Holy Trinity Catholic Ger­ (. When the elaborate prepa,ra,tions man Schools, Cincinnati nnd elsewhere, made for Confirm,ation by the choir with published in 1858 (( G.esang und Gebet­ regard to all the responses meet now buck", intended primarily for use in and then with some disappointment, school and at children's Mass. The book whal consideration should be upper­ contains the best Catholic hymns sung rnost in the minds of director and sing­ during late centuries in'the dioceses of ers?" Germany; little wonder that a phenom­ A. The consideration that a very enal success a.ccompanied the publica­ great physical strain is placed upon the tion; we have before us the 60th edition; Bishop by the successive administration the recommendation of fifteen THE CAECILIA 425

speak loud in its praise.-We have here these melodies. We are therefore com­ an interesting exemplification how a pelled to assume that our correspondent school-book automatically developed into is opposed to the unison character of a church-hymnal. No sooner the beauti­ chant, or that he has never heard chant ful hymns were sung by th8 ehildr8n properly sung. Even though plainchant when an echo was awakened in the. is unison, owing to its lively movement hearts of the parents and the hymnal it creates its own harmony and is there,­ became the inseparable companion of fore far in advance of any polyphone young and old. setting which is always retarded by the We have made special enquiries to harmonic parts. find out the exact status of the hymn­ The reference to Christmas, book in question; we have received posi­ and music makes us suspect tive assurances that the Hellebusch that thH writer has in mind the so-called melodies have never been forbidden. (( swell music" of former days, with The term (( melodies" applies to the thrilling solos and rapturous harmonies. hymns exclusively. The chant melodies, Should this be the case we can explain which were added to the hymnal in 1874, the whole situation. have been officially eliminated by the Whoever goes to church with a mind Motu Proprio of Pius X and must no preoccupied and set (( to hear only such longer be used. Upon our further in­ music a.s will suit his fancy", will na­ quiry whether it was the intention of the turally be disappointed when he hears owner of the hymnal to insert the Vati­ the solemn and prayerful unison chant; can Chants, we received the reply that his mind is prejudiced; he has an un­ no such addition was intended. In Vie\\T conquerable predilection for his person­ of this situation we would suggest that al hobby and an unreasonable aversion in future editions the chant supplernent for everything else. Such a person is be dropped and the hymnal restored to destitute of the (( C'at.holic mind", mis­ its original form. taking the all holy and world redeeming "Why is Gregorian Chant so n~clan­ Sacrifice for a pleasurable diversion. choZy, even on the grea.test feasts? For authoritative information we re­ Should not music on such feasts as quest our correspondent to read very Christm'as, Easter and Pentecost be carefully the of the CORPUS joyful?" CHRISTI Mass, and to dwell in particu­ A. It is not at once evident in the lar on the sentence of St. Paul's letter above query why our correspondent con­ to the Corinthians: "For as often as siders the sacred chant melanchoZ,lI, i.e. you shall eat this bread and drink this producing grief and dejection. If'tl1ere , you shall show the death of the is any music on earth ·farthest removed Lord until He come", i.e. "As often from melancholiness, it certainly is as you celebrate or hear Holy Mass you Gregorian Chant, and that for the fol­ shall remember Christ's death." lowing reasons: "Why go back to the first ages of (1) Its tonal steps are diatonic, i.e. Christianity for music to sing in the neither stretched upwards by sharps 20th century? Is not good music, or nor depressed downwards by flats; (2) even better music produced today?" the melodies embrace the most beautiful A. Holy Church has possessed from progressions, the tonal steps being pre­ the beginning a sacred music of her own. ferably small, as is the case in our best This music she has jealously guarded songs; (3) the movement is al\vays dig­ throughout the ages; she has introduced nified and worshipful: hence there is no it in all the lands wherever she built blame coming from the structure of her temples. This form of music is sin- 426 THE CAECILIA gularly adapted to the requirements of Sacred Liturgy: it is simple, prayerful, PLAINSONG and short; the sacred action at the altar Textbooks, Vocal Works and is never delayed by the chant. The out­ standing feature in this ancient form of Accompaniments music is its impersonality: the singer Music Fourth Yeart Gregorian Chant by Justine (as it were) hides himself behind the B. Ward-contains a series of graded exer­ cises in rhythm and notation, which will pre­ sacred text and melody; he lends his pare the children to sing easily and intelli­ voice to Holy Church and sings in her gently from the official books of the church. Cloth, 262 pages, beautifully illustrated $1.25 name; his person is submerged in the Kyriale Seu Ordinarium (Solesmes Edition). unison chorus; he does not show off his Music 4th Year 2. Cloth, 146 pages .... $.45 voiee; his song is a prayer. Ordinarium Missae et Missa Pro Defunctis (in Modern mentality is, directly opposed numbers) $ .25 to this submersion, and for this reason (No. 724) Textbook of Gregorian Chantt by our so-called great singers have no use Dom Gregory Sunol, O.S.B. Translated from the Sixth French Edition by G. M. Durnford, for the sacred chant: they cannot per­ cloth binding $1.40 mit their personality, the beauty and Hymnal Vol. It new edition, with rhythmical strength of their voice to (( go wnder" signs, cloth, 154 pages $.48 in chorus singing. We' live in an age of Hymnal Accompanimentst new edition, 87 pages, subjectivism, and individualism, where size 9!4 x 12;%, large size music notes. Paper binding $1.50 everyone wishes to be on the top, "to Cloth binding 2.00 play first fiddle", to outshine the rest. Forty Hou~s Devotion-Gregorian Chants of True, we have excellent music in song the entire Liturgical service of the 40 Hours and orchestra, concert and opera, but Devotion. Vocal Score $ .25 the bulk of this music is not intended Organ Accompaniment 1.00 for Divine worship. (No. 711) The Sunday Mass set to simple We will now give some reasons why Gregorian Formulaet by Justine Ward ....$ .50 Holy Church will never part with her (No. 640) Plainsong for Schoolst 89 pages, paper binding $ .25 sacred chant: (No. 702) English Translationt Le Nombre (1)' Plainchant is real music; it is a Musicalet Vol. It Part I $1.25 finished product; it is ; The Art of Gregorian Music by the late Dom it horrowed from antiquity beauty of Andre Mocquere,au, O.S.B. Paper binding $.10 form, and into this form the early Motu Proprio of Pope Pius X. All papal docu­ Christians breathed the vigor of spiri­ ments on liturgical music are listed, paper tuality~ binding $ .15 (No. 780) Liber Usualist black cloth binding, (2) "If there is any divine art this 1603 pages $2.25* side of the grave, it is Gregorian Chant" (No. 925) Accompaniment du Kyriale Vatican 'par Ie R. P. Dom Jean Hebert Desrocquettes (Edgar Tinel). et Henri Potiron, cloth binding $2.00 (3) "In very truth, the old Chant (No. 647) Accompaniment to the Kyriale by is wonderful and unsurpassed for its ex­ Julius Bas, cloth binding $2.00 quisite delicacy of expression, its sacred (No.678 LtAccompagnement des Psaumes par enthusiasm~ its childlike simplicity. It Ie R. P. Don Jean Hebert Desrocquettes $ .60 i~ (No. 926) Accompagnement de la messe des ever vigorous, ever new, ever beauti­ morts et des Chants pour les Funeraillest by ful. It never fades, never grows old". Dom Desrocquettes et Henri Potiron, paper (Baini). binding $ .50 (4) Music is liturgical only when it fittingly accords to the sacred action. The Catholic Education Press No music on earth can be properly join­ 1326 Quincy Street N. E. ed to Holy Mass unless it bear the Washington, D. C. stamp of austere solemnjty. THE CAE CILIA 427

NOW READY -A NEW BOOK

By V. REV. GREGORY HUGLE, 0.5.B.

"The SPOTLIGHT on CHURCH MUSIC" 180 pages (4~ in.x7 in.) 75c Per Copy

The author, well known to readers of CAECILIA, has assembled the most commonly asked questions on Catholic Church Music, obtained through his column in this magazine. He has gathered them into groups, under appropriate chapter headings, and for the first time Or­ ganists, Choirmasters, Priests, Sisters, and Musicians in general-can obtain in brief form, authoritative, short answers to their questions­ in one small handbook.

There are many awkward questions to bother the average church musician. Reference to this work, will eliminate the ordinary problems. The proposed book, is a "bible" or "Guide Book" for those whose in­ formation is limited, or whose resources in time and location, prevent their doing much research work in church music.

WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT CHURCH MUSIC? CAN YOU ANSWER SUCH QUESTIONS AS THE FOLLOWING:-- , How Can One Tell What Is Liturgical Music? Is It A Sin To Render Unliturgical Music? What Is the Chief Duty of Church Music? Is It Permissable To Play During The ? Should uAmenft be sung at the end of an HO Salutaris" At Benediction? What music is required at Benediction?

You will find these and many other similar questions answered in Fath­ er Gregory's new book, about to be published. EVERY DIOCESAN CHURCH MUSIC COMMISSION, SHOULD REQUIRE EVERY CHOIRMASTER AND ORGANIST TO HAVE A COPY OF THIS BOOK.

McLAUGHLIN 6- REILLY COMPANY 100 Boylston Street Boston, Mass. 428 THE C'AECILIA

DOM ADELARD BOUVILLIERS, O.S.B. IN MASSACHUSETTS Recommended by During the summer months, Dam Adelard Bouvilliers, O.S.B., regular contributor to FATHER FINN THE CAECILIA, and talented organist Director o£ Paulist Choir, New York from the Belmont Cathedral Abbey, Bel~ mont, N. C., passed ten weeks at St. Tar~ cisius Church, Framingham,. Mass. TONGUE AND LIP TRAINING This is his fourth Summer at the same For Vocalists and Choirs Parish, during which time Dom Adelard has By E. Thornfield $2.00 Net taught Psalmody, to the children of the parish. HE Technique of accurate and distinct word production in singing, by one who On Sunday, August 18th, Dom Adelard T had long experience in training principals and choruses of Royal Opera Syndicate, Con,. brought fifty choristers to sIng Vespers at vent Garden, London. the Sacred Heart Church in Boston, and residents of this North End Parish were Gives exercises for practice work in singing vowels, and handling various difficulties. edified by the liturgical rendition of the Because of the limited stock on hand, no chant at this service. copies are obtainable 'on approval", however, Father Pietro Maschi, C.P.S.C., Pastor of if the book is found unsatisfactory it may b€ returned after five days' trial, and your money St. Tarcisius Church, Framingham, and will be rebated. guiding hand of this Parish for 28 years has been much pleased by the progress made by McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. his choristers under Dom Adelard's summer BOSTON, MASS. instruction.

to Supervisors of Music, School Music Direc­ tors, and Band and Orchestra Leaders, in the Parochial Schools, known to us as such or who FREE properly identify themselves. A 128,...., PAGE BOOK containing 124 Optional 1st Violin Parts (complete, and entirely in the 1st position) to the Walter Jacobs Standard Marches and GalopsJ and Ior A 64,...., PAGE BOOK containing 141 Conductor,.Solo B,.flat Cornet Parts (full size) from the Walter Jacobs Band Books; and Ior A 48,...., PAGE BOOK containing 51 1st Violin Parts, some full concert size, of the Walter Jacobs Overtures Suites and Selections, mostly of medium to very easy grade. Instrumentation includes E-flat Alto and B-Hat Tenor Saxophones. Clarinets and Comets for B-Hat instruments. To All Others These Books Are $1.00 :eACH Please supply your permanent address and present school location (if any) and indicate your musical status. TO ANY ADDRESS: A 32,.page Catalog of School Music Material-col,. Iections and individual selections.

120 BOYLSTON ST. WALTER JACOBS, INC. BOSTON, MASS. Publishers of JACOBS' BAND MONTHLY and JACOBSt ORCHESTRA MONTHLY ~iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii[Subscription Price, Each, $1.00] iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiioiOOiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~ THE CAECILIA 429

THE MOST COMPLETE BOOK OF ITS KIND PUBLISHED IN AMERICA - NOW IN PRESS PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW READY IN SEPTEMBER SACRED MUSIC AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH by Rev. George V. Predmore • Most Catholic Church Musicians will recall Father Predmore's book HChurch Music In The Light of The Motu Propriott issued a few years ago, and quickly sold out. • This new book is a revised and enlarged edition of the same work, prepared topically, in Question and Answer form. It embraces about 200 pages of up,-to,-date practical information for Singer, Organist, Choirmaster, and Priest. • It is ideal for use as a text book in Seminaries and Communities, where the fundamentals of church music are to be learned. Papal Documents, and descriptions of Chant,-Polyphony and Modern Music are given. An Out,­ line of Church Music Regulations for a dioc'ese, and an Outline of Examina,­ tions for Church Musicians, appear. The obligation to observe the Papal documents is proven, and other items of interest to theologians, and logicians. • It is really a complete GUIDE BOOK for Parish choirmasters, contain,­ ing specific recommendations as to programs, and procedure. Sample pro,­ grams are offered, and recomm,ended church music. Directions on How To Select A Program, How To Render Church Music, How To Pronounce The Text, How To Proceed At Common Feasts, and in Various Seasons, Train-­ ing of Boy Voices, Playing of the Organ. • The work bears the Imprimatur of the Most Rev. Archbishop Mooney, of Rochester. • Cloth Bound, Title Stamped in Gold Leaf, Readable Type, serve to make this book a permanent contribution to Catholic Church MUSIC literature, of which so little has been published in the English language up to date. The composer understands American choirs, and present,-day conditions through long practical experience at his own church. Hence this book is suited especi,­ ally for American Catholic churches, and it is the most complete work of its type published in this country. It deserv.es a place in every Library. • Pric\e $2.50 net. (Discount on Quantities for School Use.) Cash re,­

quired with orders H on approvar'. Your money back, if book is returned in five days. $2.00 if cash accompanies your order before October 1st.

McLAUGHLIN 6' REILLY CO. 100 Boylston Street Boston, Mass. 430 THE CAECILIA

ORATE FRATRES A Review Devoted to the Liturgical Apostolate TS first purpose is to foster an intelligent and whole-hearted participation in I the liturgical life of the Church, which Pius X has called "the primary and indispensable source of the true Christian spirit." Secondarily it also considers the liturgy in its literary, artistic, musical, social, educational and historical aspects. From a Letter Signed By His Eminence Cardinal Gasparri "The Holy Father is greatly pleased that St. John's Abbey is continuing the glorious tradition, and that there is emanating from this abbey an inspiration that tends to elevate the piety of the faithful by leading them back to the pure fountain of the sacred liturgy." Published every four weeks, beginning with Advent, twelve issues the year. Forty-eight pages. Two dollars the year in the United States. Write for sample copy and descriptive leaflet. THE LITURGICAL PRESS Collegeville Minnesota

trAs eminently Catholic as they are eminently liturgical"

Father Pierron, with his rich musical background both as a composer of Church music and as a director of Church choirs, is adequately prepared to present to all those in­ terested in Church music these two outstanding hymnals: Volume I- English Unison Hymns; Volume II - Liturgical Section. In Volume I, the choice of hymn tunes is careful and judicious, in keeping with the highest liturgical standard, Ave while their accompaniment is artistic without being too advanced for the average organ- · ist to play. Volume II contains practically all the music required for the liturgy MarIa on week days when children's choirs take the place of the adult singers, and also includes the chants accom- panying special devotions. Here are hymnals thatare liturgically, music- HYlllnaIS ally, and textually accurate, with binding and price to meet your specific needs. Write Dept. · C. for on-approval copies or R eVe Joseph J• P leTTOn for additional inJormation. Prices: Orllan Books, $3.50 each; Voice Book, Vol. I. 60c; Vol. II. 56c The Bruce Publishing Co., 524-544 N. Milwauk:ee St.,~Milwaukee, Wis. THE CAECILIA 431

Now You Can Own lIThe most impo.ltant musical reterence work in the English Language." THE NEW POPULAR EDITION GROVES DICTIONARY OF MUSIC AND MUSICIANS

LATEST EDITION Actual measure of each volume 9~ inches high by 6~ inches wide. Finet durablet dark green cloth binding. FORMERLY $40.00 FOR LESS than ~of the former price this rich treasure house of musical information is now available. Teachers and students of music who long have found the set indispensable for reference. especially will appreciate the great reduction in price. Everyone who seeks to enjoy music intelligently will find these volumes of inestimable value. Send your order now for the new Popular Edition. Special Price $18.00 for Complete Set of 6 Volumes --' Never Before Available at this Low Price --'

Order NOW from McLAUGHLIN 6' REILLY COMPANY Boston 432 THE CAECILIA

LUDWIG RHYTHM BAND INSTRUMENTS MADE TO PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS BY THE HDRUM MAKERS TO THE PROFESSIONH • BEST QUALITY MATERIAL USED • MADE BY SKILLED WORKMEN • QUALITY AND SATISFACTION GUARANTEED • Set No. 4650 CONTENTS OF FOUR STANDARD SETS

16 I 22 30 40 Pupils I Pupils I Pupils I Pupils I Individual Items May Be Ordered Separately No. 4648'INo. 46491No. 46431No. 46501 List Price 4 pr. I 6 pr. I 12 pr. I 12 pr. I No. 4635--Rhythm Sticks (1 notched. 1plain) 3 pair 60c..Pair $0.25 4 pro I 4 pro III No. 4634--Rhythm Sticks (all plain) 3 pair 30c , Pair .12 II 1 I 2 I No. 4620--Castanets on Handles (metal clappers) Each .45 2 I 2 I 2 I 4 I No. 4416--Sleigh Bells , Each .40 ~ ~ ~ No. 4631--}ingle Sticks (clogs) , Pair .50 1 pro I pro I pr. I pro I No.4489--Tambourine (7 inch) , Each,1.00 II 1 I 2 I No. 4402--Snare Boy with Beater , Each 1.00 II 1 I 2 I No. 4403--Tom Boy with Beater Each .85 1 I 1 I 2 I 3 I No. 4407--Triangle (five inch) and Bar Each, .45 2 I 2 III No.4425--Cymbal (seven inch) with Strap and Beater..Each .55 No.4424,...... Cymbals (seven inch) with Straps only Pair 1.00 [ I i pro I i pro I No.4008--Xylophone with Mallets,...... 8 bar,...... Rosewood..Each 1.75 II 1 pro I No. 4752,...... Sand Blocks , Pair .50 1 I 1 I 2 121 No. 4462--Tone Block with Beater Each .75 1 I 1 I 1 I ,1 I No. 4636---Director's Baton (hickory) , Each .35 1 I 1 I 1 111 No. 4401--Ludwig Instruction Book , Each 1.00 $5.45 I $8.50 I $15.35 I $19.85 I Price of Complete Outfit.

LUDWIG RHYTHM INSTRUMENTS ••• NOT INCLUDED IN SETS List Price No. 4316--Ludwig Snare Drum (size 7x12 in.L $7.50 No. i65i,...... Ludwig BeU--usually used on unaccented notes...... i5 No.4512,...... Bird Whistle--used with water .95 No. 4009,...... Xylophone--15 bars--mounted on rope,...... Rosewood 3.35 No. 4010--Xylophone,...... 25 bars--mounted on rope,...... Rosewood 6.00 No.4480 Castanets on handle--best quality ~ 1.00 No.4487,...... Triangle (six inch) and steel bar 75 No. 4316 McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. 100 Boylston St. Boston, Mass. BEST MADE PITCH PIPES

Chromatic Pitch Pipe 13 keys F~F. Full Chromatic Scale. THE MASTER KEY All Blow, No Suction. No mechan~ ism to adjust. Accurate tone. $1.25 CHROMATIC PITCH INSTRUMENT Diatonic Pitch Pipe 8 keys. Full natural scale. F~F. Circular in form, like the Chromatic, above. Same features. $1.00 HParamoune' Pitch Pipe Old style. Harmonica shape. Semi chromatic. The best of this type. .50 -- Send Cash With Order .- PAT. MAY 19.1925 Your Money Back, If Not Satisfied. APR. 17. 1931

McLAUGHLIN & REILLY CO. 100 Boylston St. Boston, Mass.

High Grade Manuscript Paper

Prices Subject To School Discount Quire X Ream ~ Ream t Ream 24 120 240 480 Double Double Double Double No.2 "-.1 Sheets Sheets Sheets Sheets (96 pg~.) (480 pgs.) No. 1- 9 Staves (Band). Size 5~x6~ $ .35 $1.50 $2.75 $5.00 No. 2.-12 Staves (Octavo). Size 6%xl0~ .70 2.60 5.00 8.50 No. 3.-10 Staves (Medium). Size 9~xt2~ 1.00 3.10 5.00 10.00 No. 4.-12 Staves (Medium). Size 9%xI2% 1.00 3.10 5.00 10.00 No. 5-14 Staves (Medium). Size 9%xt2~ 1.00 3.10 5.00 10.00 No. 6--Piano. Size 9~xI2~ 1.00 3.10...•.• 5.00 10.00 No.7-Piano & Voice. Size 9~xI2~ 1.00 3.10 5.00 10.00 No. 8-12 Staves.. (Symphony). Size to%xt3~ 1.20 4.10 7.50 ....•.14.00 No. 10-24 Staves (Symphony). Size 10%xI3~ 1.20 4.10 7.50 14.00 McLAUGHLIN 6' REILLY CO. 100 Boylston Street Boston, Mass.