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Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Introducing Apple - All the Ways you Love Music. All in One Placce, Apple, http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2015/06/08Introducing-Apple-Music-All- APL-001 APL-PHONO_00000412 APL-PHONO_00000413 The-Ways-You-Love-Music-All-in-One-Place-.html, June 8, 2015, accessed August 5, 2015 APL-002 Report: RESTRICTED — Subject APL-PHONO_00004285 APL-PHONO_00004285 Agreement:t P RESTRICTED O —i Subject to Protective Order in Docket No. APL-003 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00005380 APL-PHONO_00005386 Agreement: RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket APL-004 No. 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00005387 APL-PHONO_00005387

Agreement: RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket APL-005 No. 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00005388 APL-PHONO_00005398 Agreement: RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket No. 16- APL-006 CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00005399 APL-PHONO_00005404 Spreadsheet:RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in APL-007 Docket No. 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) APL-PHONO_00006828 APL-PHONO_00006828 Spreadsheet:RESTRICTED(Ph d —III) Subject to Protective Order in Docket APL-008 No. 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00008620 APL-PHONO_00008623

Spreadsheet:RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket APL-009 No. 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00008624 APL-PHONO_00008626

Report: News and Notes on 2016 Mid-Year RIAA Music Shipment and APL-010 Revenue Statistics, by J.P. Friedlander, Senior Vice President, Strategic Data APL-PHONO_00008925 APL-PHONO_00008927 Analysis, RIAA Membership Page, Apple, http://www.apple.com/apple- APL-011 APL-PHONO_00009141 APL-PHONO_00009148 music/membership/, accessed October 26, 2016 Apple Music, Apple, http://www.apple.com/apple-music/, accessed October 26, APL-012 APL-PHONO_00009149 APL-PHONO_00009155 2016 Makeover: Chart to Incorporate Streams & Track Sales, Billboard, http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chartbeat/ APL-013 APL-PHONO_00009156 APL-PHONO_00009159 6320099/billboard200makeoverstreamsdigitaltracks, accessed October 26, 2016 UK's Official Singles Chart to include streaming data for first time, Official Charts, June 22, 2014, http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/uks-official- APL-014 APL-PHONO_00009160 APL-PHONO_00009167 singles-chart-to-include-streaming-data-for-first-time__4245/, accessed October 26, 2016 Spreadsheet:RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket APL-015 No. 16-CRB-0001-PR (2018-2022) (Phonorecords III) APL-PHONO_00009168 APL-PHONO_00009169

1 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES

APL-016 Spreadsheet: RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket No. GOOG-PHONOIII-00003191 GOOG-PHONOIII-00003191 16 CRB 0001 PR (2018 2022) (Ph d III) Report: IFPI Digital Music Report 2015, Charting the Path to Sustainable APL-017 NMPA00000751 NMPA00000794 Growth Joshua P. Friedlander, News and Notes on 2013 RIAA Shipment and Revenue APL-018 Statistics. RIAA-2013-Year-End-shipments-memo.pdf, available at: NMPA00000795 NMPA00000797 http://www.musicaememoria.com/docs/riaa-2013.pdf RESTRICTED — Subject RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in Docket APL-019 Spreadsheet: to Protective Order in csv APL-020 Presentation: April 2015 Nielsen Music U.S. Report D kSPOTCRB0000365 t N 16 CRB 0001 SPOTCRB0000417 Report: Global Music Report: Music Concumption Exploding Worldwide, State APL-021 of the Industry Overview 2016 by International Federation of the Phonographic SPOTCRB0000803 SPOTCRB0000846 Industry APL-022 Presentation: RESTRICTED — Subject to Protective Order in SPOTCRB0001651 SPOTCRB0001751 Report: July 2014D kGlobal t N Music16 CRB Forecasts 0001 PR 2014 (2018 to 2019: 2022) The Shift to the APL-023 SPOTCRB0005152 SPOTCRB0005175 Consumption Era, by Mark Mulligan, MIDiA Spreadsheet: Excerpt fromREST RESTRICTED — Subject to APL-024 RICT Protective Order in Docketcsv Excerpt from EDCopyright Office, Copyright and N 16 CRB 0001 PR APL-025 NMPA00001047 NMPA00001291 Marketplace Register of Copyrights Report, February 2015

APL-026 Compendium of Excerpted Materials from http://www.amazon.com

APL-027 Compendium of Excerpted Materials from http://www.apple.com

APL-028 Compendium of Excerpted Materials from http://support.apple.com APL-029 Compendium of Excerpted Materials from The Harry Fox Agency APL-030 Compendium of Excerpted Materials from http://www.google.com

APL-031 Compendium of Excerpted Materials from http://www.spotify.com

1 Million Streams = $90? NeYo reveals the truth about how get APL-032 paid, Fusion, June 9, 2015, http://fusion.net/story/139678/songwriters-equity- act/, accessed Spetember 16, 2016. 42 Revenue Streams, Artist Revenue Streams, APL-033 http://money.futureofmusic.org/40-revenue-streams/#record, accessed October 24, 2016

2 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES 68% of Smartphone Owners Stream Music Daily, Study Finds, DigitalMusicNews, March 11, 2016, APL-034 http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/03/11/parks-associates-68-of-u-s- smartphone-owners-listen-to-streaming-music-daily/, accessed October 18, 2016 Tim Ingham, Revenues Topped $2BN Last Year as Losses Hit $194M, Music Business Worldwide, May 23, 2016, APL-035 http://musicbusinessworldwide.com/spotify-revenues-topped-2bn-last-year-as- losses-hit-194m/ Determination of Royalty Rates and Terms for Ephemeral Recording and APL-036 Webcasting Digital Performance of Sound Recordings (Web IV), 81 Fed. Reg. 26316–26410 at 26326 (May 2, 2016) Adam J. Lonsdale and Adrian C. North, Why Do We Listen to Music? A Uses APL-037 and Gratification Analysis, British Journal of Psychology 102: 108–134 (2011) Luis Aguiar and Joel Waldfogel, Streaming Reaches Flood Stage: Does APL-038 Spotify Stimulate or Depress Music Sales?, No. w21653, National Bureau of Economic Research (2015) APL-039 High Fidelity Music Streaming - Try Now, , http://tidal.com/us/try-now Alex Pham and Glenn Peoples, Seven Ways iTunes Changed the , Billboard, April 25, 2013, APL-040 http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1559622/seven-ways-- changed-the-music-industry, accessed October 18, 2016 Alexandra Topping, to expand music streaming service, , APL-041 January 25, 2011, https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/jan/25/sony-music unlimited-streaming-service

Roberta Alidori, How to use Prime Music: what is Music, how does Amazon Prime Music work, Amazon Prime Music UK price APL-042 and much more, PC Advisor, http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/how-to/audio/how- use-amazon-prime-music-3621664/, accessed August 3, 2015 Aloe Blacc, Streaming Services Need to Pay Songwriters Fairly, Wired, APL-043 November 5, 2014, http://www.wired.com/2014/11/aloe-blacc-pay-songwriters/, accessed July 14, 2016 Amazon Prime Members Now Outnumber NonPrime Customers, Fortune.com, APL-044 July 11, 2016, http://fortune.com/2016/07/11/amazon-prime-customers/

3 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Amazon reports 20% sales growth: Prime, Prime Video and Prime Music all booming, Android Authority, January 29, 2016, accessed October 13, 2016, APL-045 http://www.androidauthority.com/amazon-reports-20-sales-growth-2015- 670302/ Amplify Your Music Collection: Member Plans, eMusic, APL-046 http://www.emusic.com/info/plans-pricing/ Amy Harmon, Congress Getting a Preview of Online Music Services, New York Times, May 17, 2001, APL-047 http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/17/technology/17MUSI.html, accessed August 28, 2016 Andy Malt, RIAA adds streaming to digital gold and platinum certification, Complete Music Update, May 10, 2013, APL-048 http://www.completemusicupdate.com/article/riaa-adds-streaming-to-digital- gold-and-platinum-certification/ Thomas M. Jorde and David J. Teece, Innovation and Cooperation: APL-049 Implications for Competition and Antitrust, Journal of Economic Perspectives 4(3):75-96 (1990) Walter S. Mossberg, Apple's New Service Beats Illegal Free Sites, , April 30, 2003, APL-050 http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105165524028176000, accessed October 25, 2016 Artist Revenue Streams, FutureofMusic.org, http://money.futureofmusic.org/40- APL-051 revenue-streams/#record, accessed Aylin Zafar, 13 Things You Didn’t Know You Could Do On Spotify, BuzzFeed, APL-052 April, 8 2014, https://www.buzzfeed.com/azafar/13-things-you-didnt-know-you- could-do-on-spotify?utm_term=.hvDMWgKJY#.blJOnVw1g Getting the best out of net music, December 19, 2001, BBC News, APL-053 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1719779.stm, accessed October 25, 2016 Ben Popper, Rhapsody rebrands itself as , The Verge, June 14, 2016, APL-054 http://www.theverge.com/2016/6/14/11936974/rhapsody-rebrands-as-napster Benny Evangelista, Music firms open online services, but will fans pay?, SFGate, December 3, 2001, http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Music- APL-055 firms-open-online-services-but-will-fans-2845907.php, accessed September 2, 2016 Book: Robert Atkinson and Stephen Ezell, Innovation Economics - The Race APL-056 for Global Advantage, Yale University Press: New Haven and , pg. 131 (2012)

4 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Book: Jean Tirole The Theory of Industrial Organization, The MIT Press: APL-057 Cambridge and London, pg. 390 (1988) John Borland Pressplay music service loses CEO, CNET, August 3, 2002, APL-058 https://www.cnet.com/news/pressplay-music-service-loses-ceo/, accessed October 25, 2016 Todd Brabec and Jeffrey Brabec, Online Music Licensing: From PROs, AOL and MobiTv to SoundExchange, Pandora and the CRB, American Bar APL-059 Association Forum on the Entertainment and Sports Industries/Entertainment and Sports Lawyer Brad Hill, The iTunes influence, part one: How Apple changed the face of the APL-060 music marketplace, engadget, April 29, 2013, https://www.engadget.com/2013/04/29/the-itunes-influence-part-one/ APL-061 Browsing featured ringtones, Zedge, http://www.zedge.net/ringtones/ Brynjolfsson, Hu, and Simester, Goodbye Pareto Principle, Hello Long Tail: APL-062 The Effect of Search Costs on the Concentration of Product Sales, Management Science, 57(8):1372-1386 (2011) Carl Shapiro and Hal Varian, Information Rules. Boston: Harvard Business APL-063 School Press, 1999 Brynjolfsson, Hu, and Simester, Consumer Surplus in the Digital Economy: APL-064 Estimating the Value of Increased Product Variety at Online Booksellers, eBusiness @MIT Paper 176, November 2003, http://ebusiness.mit.edu Charlotte Hassan, Tidal Is Growing Faster Than Apple and Spotify Combined, Ditigal Music News, May 16, 2016, APL-065 http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/05/16/tidal-become-major-competitor- spotify-apple-music/, accessed October 13, 2016 The Streaming Price Bible – Spotify, Youtube and what 1 Million Plays Means to you!, The Trichordist, November 12, 2014, APL-066 ahttps://thetrichordist.com/2014/11/12/the-streaming-price-bible-spotify- -and-what-1-million-plays-means-to-you/, ccessed September 1, 2016 Copyright Royalty Board Establishes First-Time Mechanical Rates for Ringtones and Ad-Supported Streaming Music, Hughes Hubbard eAlert, APL-067 November 2008, http://www.hugheshubbard.com/PublicationDocuments/schnapp_Copyright%2 0Royalty%20Board%20Establishes_nov2008.pdf The Recording Industry: World Sales, Interntional Federation of the APL-068 Phongraphic Industry, April 4, 2003, http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/worldsales2003.pdf

5 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES

Tony Smith. Major labels sell off MusicNet: No longer interested in doing digital APL-069 distribution themselves? April 13, 2005. The Register. accessed August 28, 2016. http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/04/13/labels_sell_musicnet/ Dan Graziano, Comparing Music Storage Services from Apple, Amazon, APL-070 , CNET, March 10, 2015, https://www.cnet.com/how-to/itunes-match-vs- google-play-vs-amazon-music/, accessed October 20, 2016 Final Determination of Rates and Terms. In the Matter of Mechanical and APL-071 Digital Phonorecord Delivery Rate Determination Proceeding, November 24, 2008 YouTube Red, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/red, accessed October 23, APL-072 2016 Dan Lane, Streaming and the Official Singles Chart: Everything You need to know!, Official Charts, June 23, 2014, http://www.officialcharts.com/chart- APL-073 news/streaming-and-the-official-singles-chart-everything-you-need-to-know- __4253/, accessed September 1, 2016 Dann Albright, The Evolution of Music Consumption: How we got , APL-074 MakeUseOf, April 30, 2015, http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/the-evolution-of- music-consumption-how-we-got-here/, accessed August 31 2016 Darby Maloney, Hello, Spotify! Goodbye, songwriters?, The Frame, May 19, APL-075 2016, http://www.scpr.org/programs/the-frame/2016/05/19/49009/hello-spotify- goodbye-songwriters/, accessed October 18, 2016. Darrell Etherington, Increases Cloud Storage Limit To 50,000 Songs, TechCrunch, February 25, 2015, APL-076 https://techcrunch.com/2015/02/25/google-play-music-increases-cloud-storage- limit-to-50000-songs/, accessed September 6, 2016 Hannes Datta, George Knox, and Bart Bronnenberg, Changing Their Tune: How Consumers’ Adoption of Online Streaming Affects Music Consumption and Discovery, Working Paper, ResearchGate, October 2016, APL-077 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293753759_Changing_Their_Tune_ How_Consumers'_Adoption_of_Online_Streaming_Affects_Music_Consumptio n_and_Discovery, accessed October 23, 2016 Deana Sumanac-Johnson, Songwriters get pitiful amounts as streaming offers tiny royalties, CBDNews, May 6, 2016, APL-078 http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/songwriters-royalties-streaming-1.3567947, accessed August 31, 2016

6 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES

Devin Coldewey, Microsoft Puts The Zune Down The Memory Hole, APL-079 TechCrunch, October 4, 2011, https://techcrunch.com/2011/10/04/microsoft- puts-the-zune-down-the-memory-hole/ Dewan and Ramaprasad, Music Blogging, Online Sampling, and the Long Tail, APL-080 Information Systems Research, 23(3):1056-1067 (2012) Digital Definitions, Harry Fox Agency, APL-081 https://secure.harryfox.com/public/DigitalDefinitions.jsp#20 Douglas McIntyre, The 10 Biggest Tech Failures of the Last Decade, Time, May 14, 2009, APL-082 http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1898610_1898 625_1898633,00.html E3 2012: Xbox Music announced by Microsoft - watch video, Digital Spy, http://www.digitalspy.com/gaming/e3/news/a385336/e3-2012-xbox-music- APL-083 announced-by-microsoft-watch-video/#~pii9yPcUIsb24s, accessed October 13, 2016 The 10 Things You Need To Know About TIDAL, Tidal, APL-084 https://support.tidal.com/hc/en-us/articles/203023142-The-10-Things-You- Need-to-Know-about-TIDAL, accessed October 12, 2016 Ed Christman, SoundScan Mid-Year: Down, Stream Equivalents Nearly Double, Vinyl Continues Gain, Billboard, July 3, 2014, APL-085 http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/6150181/soundscan- mid-year-albums-down-stream-equivalents-nearly, accessed August 29, 2016 Surprise! YouTube Slashed Its Royalty Rate by 50% Last Year July 12, 2016 Digital Music News, accessed September 15, 2016, APL-086 http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/07/12/youtube-per-stream-royalty-rate- halved/ Ed Christman, Equity Act Re-Introduced to Congress, Billboard, APL-087 March 4, 2015, http://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6487798/songwriter- equity-act-introduced-to-congress, accessed September 6, 2016 Anita Elberse, Bye Bye Bundles: The Unbundling of Music in Digital Channels, APL-088 Journal of Marketing, 74(3):107-123 (2010) Ellon Smith, Top 30 to Download Free Ringtones, Wondershare, APL-089 February 1, 2016, https://www.wondershare.com/mp3/free-ringtone-sites.html

7 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Eric Blattberg, 4 things we learned about the music-streaming industry, APL-090 Digiday, March 30,2015, http://digiday.com/platforms/4-things-learned-music- streaming-industry/, accessed September 16, 2016 Erik Brynjolfsson and Xiaoquan (Michael) Zhang, Innovation Incentives for APL-091 Information Goods, Sloan School of Management, MIT, June 2006 Free ringtones, MyTinyPhone, APL-092 http://www.mytinyphone.com/ringtones/?ord=views Free, Freemium and Premium: What do the 2014 US Music Sales Figures Tell APL-093 Us? Musically, March 20, 2015, http://musically.com/2015/03/20/free-freemium- premium-us-music-sales-figures/ Joshua P. Friedlander, News and Notes on 2014 RIAA Shipment and Revenue Statistics, RIAA-2014-Year-End-shipments-memo.pdf, available at: APL-094 https://www.riaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/2013- 2014 RIAA YearEndShipmentData.pdf Joshua P. Friedlander, News and Notes on 2015 RIAA Shipment and Revenue Statistics, RIAA-2015-Year-End-shipments-memo.pdf, available at: APL-095 http://www.riaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/RIAA-2015-Year-End- shipments-memo.pdf. accessed September 12, 2016 Michael Gaffney and Pauline Rafferty, Making the Long Tail visible: social APL-096 networking sites and discovery, Program, 43(4):375-391 (2009) Gérard Cachon and Martin Lariviere (2005), Supply Chain Coordination with APL-097 Revenue Sharing Contracts: Strengths and Limitations, Management Science 51(1):30-44 (2005) Glen Peoples, The Battle of Subscription Business Models: A Look at Their Strengths and Weaknesses, Billboard, January 29, 2016, APL-098 http://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6859192/battle-subscription- business-models-strengths-weaknesses, accessed September 6, 2016 What Are Mechanical Royalty Rates?, Harry Fox Agency, APL-099 https://www.harryfox.com/license_music/what_mechanical_royalty_rates.html Google Music is open for business, Google Official Blog, APL-100 https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/11/google-music-is-open-for- business.html, November 16, 2011 Julia Greenberg, Spotify Is Worth $8 Billion? It’s Not as Crazy as It Sounds, APL-101 Wired, April 4, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/04/spotify-worth-8-billion-not- crazy-sounds/, accessed on September 16. 2016

8 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Nathan Ingraham and Greg Sandoval, iTunes Store at 10: how Apple built a digital media juggernaut, The Verge, April 26, 2013, APL-102 http://www.theverge.com/2013/4/26/4265172/itunes-store-at-10-how-apple- built-a-digital-media-juggernaut, accessed October 18, 2016 Hanna Karp, Radio's Answer to Spotify? Less Variety: Stations Create More Repetition, Fearing Listeners Will Tune Out Unfamiliar Tunes, The Wall Street APL-103 Journal, January 16, 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303754404579313150485141 672, accessed September 6, 2016 Hannah Karp, Sony Bails out of Music Streaming, The Wall Street Journal, APL-104 January 29, 2015, http://www.wsj.com/articles/sony-bails-out-of-music- streaming-1422481528 Hannah Karp, Spotify Seeks to Fine-Tune Music Rights as it Gears Up for IPO: Streaming service is in talks with record labels to negotiate new contracts, The APL-105 Wall Street Journal, August 23, 2016, http://www.wsj.com/articles/spotify- seeks-to-fine-tune-music-rights-as-it-gears-up-for-ipo-1471983753, accessed August 23, 2016 Hannes Datta et al., Changing Their Tune: How Consumers’ Adoption of APL-106 Online Streaming Affects Music Consumption and Discovery, Working Paper, February 9, 2016 Helienne Lindvall, Behind the Music: What Do Record Labels Actually Do? You’d be Surprised, The Guardian, February 2, 2012, APL-107 https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2012/feb/02/behind-music- record-labels Marc Hogan, Up Next: How Are Curating the Future of Music, APL-108 , July 16, 2015, http://pitchfork.com/features/article/9686-up-next-how- playlists-are-curating-the-future-of-music/ How Much Music Is Available In TIDAL?, Tidal, https://support.tidal.com/hc/en- APL-109 us/articles/201167102-How-much-music-is-available-in-TIDAL-, accessed October 12, 2016 How the Money Flows Back to Songwriters, Artists, Publishers, and Labels, APL-110 Future of Music Coalition, http://futureofmusic.org/sites/default/files/moneyflow.streams.png Jim Hu, Labels defend MusicNet, Pressplay, CNET, August 3, 2002, APL-111 https://www.cnet.com/news/labels-defend-musicnet-pressplay/, accessed October 25, 2016

9 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Ingrid Lunden, Site eMusic Gets Acquired Again, This Time by Israeli Media Startup TriPlay, TechCrunch, October 20, 2015, APL-112 https://techcrunch.com/2015/10/20/music-download-site-emusic-gets-acquired- again-this-time-by-israeli-media-startup-triplay/ Investing In Music, International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, APL-113 2014, http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/Investing_In_Music.pdf, accessed October 14, 2016 Is Technically The Most Popular Streaming Service?, Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2016/02/12/is-amazon-music- APL-114 technically-the-most-popular-streaming-service/#68d7f3eb2052/, February 12, 2016 What are downloads and streams?, , Setpember 6, 2011, updated APL-115 July 18, 2016, http://help.tunecore.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/104/~/what- are-downloads-and-streams%3F, accessed October 13, 2016 Ivan Cook, Top 5 Free Websites to Download Free Ringtones, APL-116 iSkysoft, October 17, 2016, https://www.iskysoft.com/topic-iphone/free- ringtone-websites.htm Jacob Ganz, The Decade in Music: The Way We Listen Now, National Public APL-117 Radio, December 2, 2009, http://www.npr.org/2009/12/02/121023882/the- decade-in-music-the-way-we-listen-now James D. Dana, Jr. and Kathryn E. Spier, Revenue Sharing and Vertical APL-118 Control in the Video Rental Market, The Journal of Industrial Economics 49(3):223-245 (2001) James Hess and Eitan Gerstner, Loss Leader Pricing and Rain Check Policy, APL-119 Marketing Science, 6(4):358-374 (1987) Stuart Dredge, Which is the Best Music Streaming Service?, The Guardian, APL-120 February 16, 2016,https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/feb/16/which- is-the-best-music-streaming-service-spotify-apple-music Jeff Leeds, Radio's Newest Strategy: Play a Hit, Again and Again, The New APL-121 York Times, December 1, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/01/arts/music/01one.html Joel Lee, Why you should give Amazon Prime Music a second chance, APL-122 MakeUseOf, February 17, 2016, http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/give-amazon- prime-music-second-chance/, accessed September 6, 2016

10 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Joeri M. Mol et al, Value Chain Envy: Explaining New Entry and Vertical APL-123 Integration in Popular Music, Journal of Management Studies 42, no. 2, 2005, pp. 251–276 John Blackledge, Nick Yako, and Thomas Champion, Spotify: A Global APL-124 Streaming Leader, Cowen and Company Equity Research, June 29, 2016 John Seabrook, Will Streaming Music Kill Songwriting?, The New Yorker, APL-125 February 8, 2016, http://newyorker.com/business/currency/will-streaming- music-kill-songwriting, accessed August 31, 2016 Josh Constine, Google Music Download Sales Miraculously Growing Despite Their Death Everywhere Else, Tech Crunch, November 11, 2014, APL-126 https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/11/google-music-sales-and-subscribers-up/, accessed October 13, 2016 Steve Knopper, iTunes' 10th Anniversary: How Steve Jobs Turned the Industry Upside Down, RollingStone, April 26, 2013, APL-127 http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/itunes-10th-anniversary-how-steve- jobs-turned-the-industry-upside-down-20130426, accessed October 18, 2016

Joshua Cornell Jenkins, Going With the Flow: How the Convenience of APL-128 Streaming Has Changed the Way We Consume Media, The Odyssey Online, July 14, 2015, https://www.theodysseyonline.com/media-streaming Julie Zeveloff, Board Adds Ringtone Royalty Fee, Keeps Other Rates, Law360, APL-129 October 3, 2008, http://www.law360.com/articles/71467/board-adds-ringtone- royalty-fee-keeps-other-rates, accessed October 13, 2016 Gussow, MusicNet casts for subscribers, but holes still remain, St. Petersburg Times, March 17, 2003, APL-130 http://www.sptimes.com/2003/03/17/Technology/MusicNet_casts_for_su.shtml, accessed October 25, 2016 Chris Kissel, Spotify Listeners Discover Roughly 27 New Artists a Month, APL-131 Diffuser, July 23, 2015, http://diffuser.fm/spotify-listeners-discover-roughly-27- new-artists-a-month/ Kristin M. Hall, In wake of Spotify pullout, music industry debates streaming, The Seattle Times, November 24, 2014, APL-132 http://www.seattletimes.com/business/in-wake-of-spotify-pullout-music-industry- debates-streaming/, accessed October 18, 2016 Jim Hu, Labels Defend MusicNet, CNET, August 3, 2002, APL-133 https://www.cnet.com/news/labels-defend-musicnet-pressplay/, accessed October 25, 2016

11 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Kristen Philipkoski, Why Not Winning America's Got Talent and Avoiding a Major Awesome for Lindsey Stirling, Forbes, August 31, APL-134 2015, http://www.forbes.com/sites/kristenphilipkoski/2015/08/31/why-not- winning-americas-got-talent-and-avoiding-a-major-record-label-was-awesome- for-lindsey-stirling/print/, acccessed October 25, 2016 Learn About Digital Music, Why Music Matters, 2016 APL-135 http://whymusicmatters.com/pages/about-digital-music Lexy Savvides, Organize and listen to your own music on the cloud, CNET, APL-136 December 18, 2014, https://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-keep-your-music- library-organized-with-the-cloud/, accessed September 6, 2016

Luis Aguiar and Bertin Martens, Digital Music Consumption on the : APL-137 Evidence from Clickstream Data, JRC Technical Reports, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, Digital Economy Working Paper, 2013 We Are Napster, Napster Music News, APL-138 http://blog.napster.com/us/2016/07/14/wearenapster/, accessed October 24, 2016 Luiz Buff and Nicholas Spanos, A Bundle of Mechanicals, Music Business APL-139 Journal, July 2012, http://www.thembj.org/2012/07/a-bundle-of-mechanicals/, accessed September 6, 2016 Madi Alexander and Ben Sisario, Apple Music, Spotify and a Guide to Music Streaming Services, , April 5, 2016, APL-140 http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/06/30/business/media/music- streaming-guide.html, accessed October 13, 2016 Mark Harris, CD Ripping: Is it Legal to Rip Your Own CDs?, About.com, APL-141 September 23, 2016, http://mp3.about.com/od/digitalmusicfaq/f/CDripping_legal.htm Mark Milian, Sony Launches Music-Streaming Service in U.S., CNN, February APL-142 17, 2011, http://www.cnn.com/2011/TECH/web/02/17/sony.qriocity/

Marty Swant, Even Spotify is Surprised by the Huge Success of Its Discover Weekly Playlists A ‘musical addiction’ that has the company rethinking APL-143 everything, Ad Week, August 28, 2016, http://www.adweek.com/news/technology/even-spotify-surprised-huge-success- its-discover-weekly-playlists-173129, accessed on August 29, 2016

12 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES

Brian T. Yeh, Copyright Licensing in Music Distribution Reproduction, and APL-144 Public Performance, Congressional Research Service, September 22, 2015 Matt Rosoff, Former Microsoft Zune Boss Explains Why it Flopped, Business APL-145 Insider, May 11, 2012, http://www.businessinsider.com/robbie-bach-explains- why-the-zune-flopped-2012-5 Matthew Sparkes, Tidal launches lossless music streaming in UK and US, The Telegraph, October 28, 2014, APL-146 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/11192375/Tidal-launches-lossless- music-streaming-in-UK-and-US.html, accessed October 13, 2016 Mia Shanley and Sven Nordenstam, Spotify subscriptions pump up revenue, APL-147 but operating loss widens, Reuters, May 24, 2016, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-sweden-spotify-idUSKCN0YF0TD Michael Arrington, Amazon Acquires , But Not In A Good Way, APL-148 TechCrunch, September 8, 2010, https://techcrunch.com/2010/09/08/amazon- acquires-amie-street-but-not-in-a-good-way/ Michael Walker Jr., A Better Public Performance Analysis for Digital Music APL-149 Locker Storage, St. John's Law Review 87(2):629-667 (2013) Ross Miller, Xbox Music launches Tuesday on Xbox 363, will come pre- installed on Windows 8 and Windows Phone 8, The Verge, October 15, 2012, APL-150 http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/15/3504532/xbox-music-pricing-availability- microsoft…., accessed October 24, 2016 Nate Rau, Nashville’s Musical Middle Class Collapses, The Tennessean, January 28, 2015, APL-151 http://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/music/2015/01/04/nashville- musical-middle-class-collapses-new-dylans/21236245/ Christopher Norton, 2nd Circuit Maintains Music Files Aren't Performances, APL-152 Law360, September 28, 2010, http://www.law360.com/articles/197268/2nd-circ- maintains-music-files-aren-t-performances, accessed on September 16, 2016 Tom Warren, Microsoft rebrands Xbox Music to Groove, The Verge, July 6, APL-153 2015, http://www.theverge.com/2015/7/6/8902079/microsoft-groove-music- features, accessed October 13, 2016 Now You Know Everything About Music Publishing…, Digital Music News, February 28, 2014, APL-154 http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2014/02/28/understandpublishing/, accessed September 6, 2016

13 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES After 10 Years Apple Continues Music Download Dominance in the U.S., NPD Group, Inc., April 16, 2013, APL-155 https://www.npd.com/wps/portal/npd/us/news/press-releases/the-npd-group- after10-years-apple-continues-music-download-dominance-in-the-u-s/ accessed August 24, 2016 Spreadsheet retrieved from Paul Resnikoff, Has 1,000,000 Spotify Streams. Want to See Our Royalties?, May 26, 2016, Digital Music News, APL-156 http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/05/26/band-1-million-spotify-streams- royalties/, accessed August 31, 2016 Official Singles Chart Top 100 for week of October 14-20, 2016, Official APL-157 Charts, retrieved via http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/, accessed August 31, 2016 Ben Sisario, Billboard, Changing the Charts, Will Count Streaming Services, New York Times, November 19, 2014, APL-158 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/20/business/media/billboard-changing-the- charts-will-count-streaming-services-.html, accessed on September 2, 2016 Dana A. Scherer, Money for Something: Music Licensing in the 21st Century, APL-159 Congressional Research Service, January 19, 2016 Michael Walker Jr., Notes - A Better Public Performance Analysis for Digital APL-160 Music Locker Storage, St. John's Law Review 87:629 (2013) Book: Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Keller, Marketing Management, 15th APL-161 Edition, Pearson, 2016, pgs. 282–283, 370–372, 432–433 Phonezoo.com Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Phonezoo, APL-162 http://www.phonezoo.com/Phonezoo-FAQ.aspx .G. Narayanan, and Ananth Raman, Aligning Incentives in Supply Chains, APL-163 Harvard Business Review 82(11):94-102 (2004) Legal Music Services in North America, Pro Music, http://www.pro- APL-164 music.org/legal-music-services-north-america.php, filtered for USA - All Services RIAA, U.S. Sales Database, https://www.riaa.com/u-s-sales-database/, APL-165 accessed October 19, 2016 Richard Devine and Jez Corden, Everything You Need to Know about the App on Windows 10, Windows Central, July 9, 2016, APL-166 http://www.windowscentral.com/everything-you-need-know-about-groove- music-app-windows-10 Book: Richard E. Caves, Organizing to Collect Rents: Music Copyrights in APL-167 Creative Industries: Contracts between Art and Commerce, Harvard University Press, 2002, pgs. 286-313

14 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Richard Smirke, U.K. Singles Chart To Incorporate Music Streams For First Time, Billboard, June 23, 2014, APL-168 http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/6128763/uk-singles-chart- to-incorporate-music-streams-for-first-time Rick Brodia, Here’s Everything That’s Included with Amazon Prime, CNET, APL-169 October 18, 2016, https://www.cnet.com/how-to/heres-everything-thats- included-with-amazon-prime/ Will Oremus, Spotify’s New Features Aren’t Just About You. They’re About Money., Slate, May 20, 2015, APL-170 http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2015/05/20/spotify_now_streaming_mus ic_leader_adds_video_podcasts_running_features.html Janko Roettgers, Spotify Gets Yet Another Weekly Personalized , APL-171 Variety, August 5, 2016, http://variety.com/2016/digital/news/spotify-release- radar-1201831401/ APL-172 Spreadsheet: RESTRICTED GOOG-PHONOIII-00003330 GOOG-PHONOIII-00003330 Matt Brian, Spotify S Now bj tHas t 40 Million Paid Subscribers, Engadget, APL-173 September 14, 2016, https://www.engadget.com/2016/09/14/spotify-40-million- paid-subscribers/ Jack Schofield, Napster Launches World’s Biggest DRM-Free , The Guardian, May 20, 2008, APL-174 https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2008/may/20/napsterlaunchesw

orldsbigges Royalties: How Many Seconds Counts [sic] As A Stream?, Spotify Community, APL-175 August 16, 2013, https://community.spotify.com/t5/Newcomers-and- Contribution/Royalties-How-many-seconds-counts-as-a-stream/td-p/505614 Spotify Explained, Spotify Artists, https://www.spotifyartists.com/spotify- APL-176 explained/, accessed November 1, 2016 Emily Blake, Music streaming is getting bigger and bigger, but artist revenue isn’t keeping up, Mashable, March 22, 2016, APL-177 http://mashable.com/2016/03/22/riaa-report-2016/#TUMox24QhsqV, accessed November 1, 2016 Inventing Entertainment: The Early Motion Pictures and Sound Recordings of the Edison Companies, Library of Congress, APL-178 https://www.loc.gov/collections/edison-company-motion-pictures-and-sound- recordings/articles-and-essays/history-of-edison-sound-recordings/history-of- the-cylinder-phonograph/, accessed November 1, 2016

15 Public Index of Apple Inc. Exhibits

EX. NO. DESCRIPTION BEG BATES END BATES Steve Schoenherr, “Recording Technology History,” Audio Engineering Society, notes revised July 6, 2005, APL-179 http://www.aes.org/aeshc/docs/recording.technology.history/notes.html#origins , accessed November 1, 2016 About Digital Royalties, SoundExchange, APL-180 http://www.soundexchange.com/artist-copyright-owner/digital-royalties/, accessed November 1, 2016 What is Prime Music?, Amazon, APL-181 https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=201530920, accessed November 1, 2016 How to Use Google Play Music,” Google, APL-182 https://support.google.com/googleplay/answer/4515411?hl=en, accessed November 1, 2106 Jamie Sexton, Digital Music: Production, Distribution and Consumption in APL-183 Digital Culture: Understanding New Media, ed. Glen Creeber and Royston Martin, Open University Press, 2009, pg. 94 Your Amazon Music Settings, Amazon, APL-184 https://www.amazon.com/gp/dmusic/player/settings?ie=UTF8&ref_=dp_amp_s ettings yasettings click&, accessed October 27, 2016

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