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molecules Potential Neuromodulatory Profile of Phytocompounds in Brain Disorders Edited by Luigia Trabace Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Molecules www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules Potential Neuromodulatory Profile of Phytocompounds in Brain Disorders Special Issue Editor Luigia Trabace Special Issue Editor Luigia Trabace Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Foggia Italy Editorial Office MDPI AG St. Alban-Anlage 66 Basel, Switzerland This edition is a reprint of the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049) from 2016–2017 (available at: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules/special_issues/neuromodulatory_profile _phytocompounds). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: Author 1; Author 2; Author 3 etc. Article title. Journalname. Year. Article number/page range. ISBN 978-3-03842-316-4 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03842-317-1 (PDF) Articles in this volume are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY), which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book taken as a whole is © 2017 MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC BY-NC-ND) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Table of Contents About the Guest Editor .............................................................................................................................. V Preface to “Potential Neuromodulatory Profile of Phytocompounds in Brain Disorders” .............. VII Luigia Trabace and Maria Grazia Morgese Editorial: Special Issue “Potential Neuromodulatory Profile of Phytocompounds in Brain Disorders” Reprinted from: Molecules 2017, 22(1), 40; doi: 10.3390/molecules22010040 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/1/40 ............................................................................................... 1 Jianming Wu, Haixia Chen, Hua Li, Yong Tang, Le Yang, Shousong Cao and Dalian Qin Antidepressant Potential of Chlorogenic Acid-Enriched Extract from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Bark with Neuron Protection and Promotion of Serotonin Release through Enhancing Synapsin I Expression Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(3), 260; doi: 10.3390/molecules21030260 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/3/260 ............................................................................................. 4 Rosaliana Libro, Sabrina Giacoppo, Thangavelu Soundara Rajan, Placido Bramantiand Emanuela Mazzon Natural Phytochemicals in the Treatment and Prevention of Dementia: An Overview Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(4), 518; doi: 10.3390/molecules21040518 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/4/518 ............................................................................................. 21 Atsushi Sawamoto, Satoshi Okuyama, Kana Yamamoto, Yoshiaki Amakura, Morio Yoshimura, Mitsunari Nakajima 1and Yoshiko Furukawa 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-Heptamethoxyflavone, a Citrus Flavonoid, Ameliorates Corticosterone-Induced Depression-like Behavior and Restores Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression, Neurogenesis, and Neuroplasticity in the Hippocampus Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(4), 541; doi: 10.3390/molecules21040541 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/4/541 ............................................................................................. 59 Chong-Un Cheong, Ching-Sheng Yeh, Yi-Wen Hsieh, Ying-Ray Lee, Mei-Ying Lin, Chung-Yi Chen and Chien-Hsing Lee Protective Effects of Costunolide against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Injury in PC12 Cells Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(7), 898; doi: 10.3390/molecules21070898 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/7/898 ............................................................................................. 72 Dorothea Kaufmann, Anudeep Kaur Dogra, Ahmad Tahrani, Florian Herrmann and Michael Wink Extracts from Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants Inhibit Acetylcholinesterase, a Known Alzheimer’s Disease Target Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(9), 1161; doi: 10.3390/molecules21091161 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/9/1161 ........................................................................................... 82 Gabriela Mazzanti and Silvia Di Giacomo Curcumin and Resveratrol in the Management of Cognitive Disorders: What is the Clinical Evidence? Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(9), 1243; doi: 10.3390/molecules21091243 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/9/1243 ........................................................................................... 98 III Gihyun Lee and Sun Kwang Kim Therapeutic Effects of Phytochemicals and Medicinal Herbs on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(9), 1252; doi: 10.3390/molecules21091252 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/9/1252 ........................................................................................... 125 Changmin Kim, Ji Hwan Lee, Woojin Kim, Dongxing Li, Yangseok Kim, Kyungjin Lee and Sun Kwang Kim The Suppressive Effects of Cinnamomi Cortex and Its Phytocompound Coumarin on Oxaliplatin- Induced Neuropathic Cold Allodynia in Rats Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(9), 1253; doi: 10.3390/molecules21091253 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/9/1253 ........................................................................................... 142 Rita Citraro, Michele Navarra, Antonio Leo, Eugenio Donato Di Paola, Ermenegildo Santangelo, Pellegrino Lippiello, Rossana Aiello, Emilio Russo and Giovambattista De Sarro The Anticonvulsant Activity of a Flavonoid-Rich Extract from Orange Juice Involves both NMDA and GABA-Benzodiazepine Receptor Complexes Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(9), 1261; doi: 10.3390/molecules21091261 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/9/1261 ........................................................................................... 154 Maria Grazia Morgese, Emanuela Mhillaj, Matteo Francavilla, Maria Bove, Lucia Morgano, Paolo Tucci, Luigia Trabace and Stefania Schiavone Chlorella sorokiniana Extract Improves Short-Term Memory in Rats Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(10), 1311; doi: 10.3390/molecules21101311 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/10/1311 ......................................................................................... 169 Santa Cirmi, Nadia Ferlazzo, Giovanni E. Lombardo, Elvira Ventura-Spagnolo, Sebastiano Gangemi, Gioacchino Calapai and Michele Navarra Neurodegenerative Diseases: Might Citrus Flavonoids Play a Protective Role? Reprinted from: Molecules 2016, 21(10), 1312; doi: 10.3390/molecules21101312 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/10/1312 ......................................................................................... 186 IV About the Guest Editor Luigia Trabace is Full Professor of Pharmacology at the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine at the University of Foggia, Italy. In 1996, she obtained a PhD in Pharmacology at the University of Bari and became a post-doctoral fellow at the Department of Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience at the Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK. From 1996 to 2001 she was an Assistant Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Bari, Italy. From 2001 to 2006 she was Associate Professor of Pharmacology at the Department of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Foggia, Italy. From 2008 to 2012 she was also Head of this same department. From 2001 to the present, Luigia Trabace was assigned several teaching and institutional activities and received many national and international honors and awards. She is a member of various scientific societies and author of numerous peer-reviewed papers published in eminent international scientific journals. V Preface to “Potential Neuromodulatory Profile of Phytocompounds in Brain Disorders” This Special Issue is dedicated to the neuromodulatory effects of phytocompounds in brain pathologies. Nowadays, natural and chemical compounds, derived from plants, algae, vegetables, and fruits, are used as dietary supplements, as well as alternative medicines. Several studies have evidenced that herbal preparations have been used to treat brain disorders because of their chemical properties and abilities to pass the blood brain barriers and by influencing the brain’s neurochemical and functional pathways. In particular, several plants have been reported to treat cognitive, psychiatric and mood disorders, although the mechanisms of these actions remain to be elucidated. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated a key role of medicinal plants in maintaining the brain’s function by influencing the expression of different receptors, signal transduction pathways, transcription factors, and neurotransmitter release. Moreover, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have been proposed to be crucially involved in central nervous system dysfunctions, and recent investigations are elucidating novel therapeutic targets based on the neuroprotective properties of different phytoderivates. Thus, the aim of the present Special Issue is to highlight the neuromodulatory effects of different natural and chemical phyto-derivates in order to identify novel mechanisms and signaling molecules that, in the future, could provide a potential and promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Luigia Trabace Guest Editor VII molecules
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