Preposition in English Grammar with Examples Pdf
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Analysis of Expressive Interjection Translation in Terms of Meanings
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSIVE INTERJECTION TRANSLATION IN TERMS OF MEANINGS, TECHNIQUES, AND QUALITY ASSESSMENTS IN “THE VERY BEST DONALD DUCK” BILINGUAL COMICS EDITION 17 THESIS Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Sarjana Degree at English Department of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts University of Sebelas Maret By: LIA ADHEDIA C0305042 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS UNIVERSITY OF SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2012 THESIScommit APPROVAL to user i perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user ii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user iii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id PRONOUNCEMENT Name : Lia Adhedia NIM : C0305042 Stated whole-heartedly that this thesis entitled Analysis of Expressive Interjection Translation in Terms of Meanings, Techniques, and Quality Assessments in “The Very Best Donald Duck” bilingual comics edition 17 is originally made by the researcher. It is neither a plagiarism, nor made by others. The things related to other people’s works are written in quotation and included within bibliography. If it is then proved that the researcher cheats, the researcher is ready to take the responsibility. Surakarta, May 2012 The researcher Lia Adhedia C0305042 commit to user iv perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id MOTTOS “Allah does not change a people’s lot unless they change what their hearts is.” (Surah ar-Ra’d: 11) “So, verily, with every difficulty, there is relief.” (Surah Al Insyirah: 5) commit to user v perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to My beloved mother and father My beloved sister and brother commit to user vi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ACKNOWLEDGMENT Alhamdulillaahirabbil’aalamiin, all praises and thanks be to Allah, and peace be upon His chosen bondsmen and women. -
English Prepositions Explained: Revised Edition
English Prepositions Explained English Prepositions Explained Revised edition Seth Lindstromberg Hilderstone College, UK John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American 8 National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lindstromberg, Seth, 1947- English prepositions explained / Seth Lindstromberg. -- Rev. ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. English language--Prepositions. I. Title. PE1335.L55 2010 428.2--dc22 2010022709 isbn 978 90 272 1173 6 (Hb; alk. paper) isbn 978 90 272 1174 3 (Pb; alk. paper) isbn 978 90 272 8789 2 (Eb) © 2010 – John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Company • P.O. Box 36224 • 1020 me Amsterdam • The Netherlands John Benjamins North America • P.O. Box 27519 • Philadelphia PA 19118-0519 • USA For Tessa Table of contents Acknowledgements ix Preface to the second edition xi Symbols, abbreviations and features of format xiii chapter 1 Introduction and orientation 1 chapter 2 Toward(s), to, in/into, inward, outward, through, out (of), from (vs off), away (from) 29 chapter 3 On1, off, on2: On the in-/outside, on top (of), back, forward, ahead, to/on the right/left (of), off, away, along, out, toward(s), about, around, concerning, under, -
Learn Pronouns As Part of Speech for Bank & SSC Exams
Learn Pronouns as Part of Speech for Bank & SSC Exams - English Notes in PDF Are you preparing for Banking or SSC Exams? If you aim at making a career in the government sector & get a reputed job, it is very important to know the basics of English Language. To score maximum marks in this section with great accuracy, it is important for you to be prepared with the basic grammar & vocabulary. Here we are with a detailed explanatory article on Pronouns as Part of Speech with relevant examples. So, read the article carefully & then take our Online Mock Tests to check your level of preparation. Before moving ahead with Pronouns, let’s have a look at what are parts of speech in brief: Parts of Speech Parts of speech are the basic categories of words according to their function in a sentence. It is a category to which a word is assigned in accordance with its syntactic functions. English has eight main parts of speech, namely, Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs, Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions & Interjections. In grammar, the parts of speech, also called lexical categories, grammatical categories or word classes is a linguistic category of words. Pronouns as Part of Speech 1 | Pronouns as part of speech are the words which are used in place of nouns like people, places, or things. They are used to avoid sounding unnatural by reusing the same noun in a sentence multiple times. In the sentence Maya saw Sanjay, and she waved at him, the pronouns she and him take the place of Maya and Sanjay, respectively. -
Passive Voice, Gerund & Participle in Academic/ Scientific Text
PASSIVE VOICE, GERUND & PARTICIPLE IN ACADEMIC/ SCIENTIFIC TEXT LNK@2017 Common sentence in academic/scientific Text § Declarative sentence § Kalimat yang berisi pernyataan ringkas dan jelas § Pola : S + V + O/ Complement PASSIVE VOICE à FORMULAS § SUBJECT + TO BE + VERB 3 (+) OBJECT CHARACTERISTICS : q USING TRANSITIVE VERB (KATA KERJA YANG MEMERLUKAN OBJECT) q GENERALLY NEEDED IN ACADEMIC WRITING q JIKA SUBYEK/PELAKU TIDAK TERLALU PENTING DISAMPAIKAN contoh : The snake has been killed q PADA KALIMAT DENGAN SUBJECT YANG SUDAH DI SEBUTKAN PADA KALIMAT SEBELUMNYA. That tree fell on the car and the car was damaged. q UNTUK UNKNOWN SUBJECT q Contoh : The jewelry store has been robbed several times Examples : ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE ACTIVE PASSIVE FORM SIMPLE He speaks English English is spoken by him PRESENT PRESENT He is speaking English English is being spoken by him CONTINUOUS PRESENT He has spoken English English has been spoken by him PERFECT SIMPLE PAST He spoke English English was spoken by him PAST He was speaking English English was being spoken by CONTINUOUS him PAS PERFECT He had spoken English English had spoken by him SIMPLE FUTURE He will speak English English will be spoken by him BE GOING TO He is going to speak English is going to be spoken by English him FUTURE He will have spoken English will have been spoken by PERFECT English him PSV SENTENCES FREQUENT FOUND IN SCIENTIFIC TEXT 1. The material compatibility study was performed using ASTM 2. The pressure was reduced approximately 20 percent. 3. The data provided in the steam tables can also be expressed in a graphical form. -
English Spatial Prepositions with Particular Reference to Arabic-Speaking Learners
English Spatial Prepositions with Particular Reference to Arabic-Speaking Learners By Abdullah S. Dera A Thesis Submitted for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy m. the Department of English Language and Linguistics, the University of Sheffield. September, 1994 Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to Mr. G. Nixon, my supervisor, who has followed the progress of this thesis with constant encouragement, assistance 'and invaluable advice even when other pressures made its progress slower than I would have liked. My deepest thanks are extended to professor N. F. Blake, the Head of the Department of English Language and Linguistics, for his invaluable suggestions and comments, and for his understanding. My heartfelt appreciation and gratitude go to my dear father and mother, brothers and sisters, relatives, and my wife's family for their love, support and patience in enduring the inconveniences and difficulties as a result of my long absence from home. Thanks are also due to my friends H. Kari and A. Basulieman for their artistic skills in drawing the pictures needed for the picture test; and to E. B. Fosam for his valuable comments on the statistical techniques used for this study. I am also grateful to King Saud University, Abha branch, for granting me a financial support to pursue my postgraduate studies. Finally, I wish to thank my wife for her patience and support for me throughout the various stages of this thesis. I should also thank my sons, Khalid and Abdulaziz, for being always source of inspiration and happiness. I pray to God to give them knowledge, wisdom and bright future. -
Active Vs. Passive Voice
University of Idaho Writing Center Resources Active vs. Passive Voice If you’ve ever gotten feedback from a teacher or professor that told you to “stop writing in the passive voice,” only to realize that you don’t actually know what that means, or how to correct it, you’re not alone. This handout is your guide to understanding what active vs. passive voice means and why passive voice is often discouraged in academic writing. Defining “Active vs. Passive” A sentence written in the passive voice will have a subject that receives the action of the verb (i.e. the subject is acted upon), whereas a sentence written in the active voice, will have a subject that performs the action of the verb. For example, here is a sentence written in the passive voice: “It was mentioned earlier that stress can have negative effects on a person’s health.” The subject (“It”) is receiving the action of the verb (“mentioned”). Additionally, the sentence doesn’t tell us who it was that mentioned the information, making the sentence less clear. Also note, using a form of the verb “to be” (in this case, “was”) followed by the past tense of another verb (in this case, “mentioned”) are clear indications that a sentence has been written in the passive voice. Now, here’s the same sentence written in the active voice: “The researchers mentioned how stress can have negative effects on a person’s health.” In this sentence, the subject (“researchers”) is performing the action (“mentioned”). Using active voice, we find out who mentioned the information, and there is no longer the need for a “to be” verb. -
6 the Major Parts of Speech
6 The Major Parts of Speech KEY CONCEPTS Parts of Speech Major Parts of Speech Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs Appendix: prototypes INTRODUCTION In every language we find groups of words that share grammatical charac- teristics. These groups are called “parts of speech,” and we examine them in this chapter and the next. Though many writers onlanguage refer to “the eight parts of speech” (e.g., Weaver 1996: 254), the actual number of parts of speech we need to recognize in a language is determined by how fine- grained our analysis of the language is—the more fine-grained, the greater the number of parts of speech that will be distinguished. In this book we distinguish nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs (the major parts of speech), and pronouns, wh-words, articles, auxiliary verbs, prepositions, intensifiers, conjunctions, and particles (the minor parts of speech). Every literate person needs at least a minimal understanding of parts of speech in order to be able to use such commonplace items as diction- aries and thesauruses, which classify words according to their parts (and sub-parts) of speech. For example, the American Heritage Dictionary (4th edition, p. xxxi) distinguishes adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, definite ar- ticles, indefinite articles, interjections, nouns, prepositions, pronouns, and verbs. It also distinguishes transitive, intransitive, and auxiliary verbs. Writ- ers and writing teachers need to know about parts of speech in order to be able to use and teach about style manuals and school grammars. Regardless of their discipline, teachers need this information to be able to help students expand the contexts in which they can effectively communicate. -
TRADITIONAL GRAMMAR REVIEW I. Parts of Speech Traditional
Traditional Grammar Review Page 1 of 15 TRADITIONAL GRAMMAR REVIEW I. Parts of Speech Traditional grammar recognizes eight parts of speech: Part of Definition Example Speech noun A noun is the name of a person, place, or thing. John bought the book. verb A verb is a word which expresses action or state of being. Ralph hit the ball hard. Janice is pretty. adjective An adjective describes or modifies a noun. The big, red barn burned down yesterday. adverb An adverb describes or modifies a verb, adjective, or He quickly left the another adverb. room. She fell down hard. pronoun A pronoun takes the place of a noun. She picked someone up today conjunction A conjunction connects words or groups of words. Bob and Jerry are going. Either Sam or I will win. preposition A preposition is a word that introduces a phrase showing a The dog with the relation between the noun or pronoun in the phrase and shaggy coat some other word in the sentence. He went past the gate. He gave the book to her. interjection An interjection is a word that expresses strong feeling. Wow! Gee! Whew! (and other four letter words.) Traditional Grammar Review Page 2 of 15 II. Phrases A phrase is a group of related words that does not contain a subject and a verb in combination. Generally, a phrase is used in the sentence as a single part of speech. In this section we will be concerned with prepositional phrases, gerund phrases, participial phrases, and infinitive phrases. Prepositional Phrases The preposition is a single (usually small) word or a cluster of words that show relationship between the object of the preposition and some other word in the sentence. -
Making English Grammar Meaningful and Useful Mini Lesson #9 Passive Voice: It’S All About Subjects and Verbs
Making English Grammar Meaningful and Useful Mini Lesson #9 Passive Voice: It’s All About Subjects and Verbs The purpose of this lesson is to present a new way that Passive Voice can be understood and presented to English language learners. Passive Voice refers to a sentence type in which the actor, performer or executor of an action verb is not the subject of the sentence. In Passive Voice sentences, the subject is typically the recipient or receiver of the action of the verb. The following sentences illustrate Passive Voice in 3 different tenses: Simple Present Tense, Simple Past Tense and Present Continuing Tense. The assignment is given every semester. The papers were submitted for grading last week. Currently, they are being read and evaluated. Notice in these three sentences, the focus is on ‘the assignment’. Who made the assignment, who submitted the assignment, and who is scoring the assignments are not mentioned. The three following sentences provide that information: The instructor gives the assignment every year. The students submitted their papers last week. The instructor is reading and evaluating them now. These sentences focus on the doers or agents of the actions described in the sentences. They are Active Voice sentences. Frequently Passive Voice is taught by providing the learner with an Active Voice sentence and instructing the learner how to reverse the order of the subject (agent) and object (recipient) of the action in the resulting Passive Voice sentence. Such a process is cumbersome; the active voice subject becomes a prepositional phrase, and the active voice object becomes the passive voice subject. -
Passive Voice
Passive Voice Verbs are said to be either active or passive in voice. In the active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action expressed by the verb. For example: The cat scratched the girl. The subject (the cat) performs the action (scratch). When you use the passive voice, the subject of the sentence receives the action expressed by the verb; the subject is acted upon. For example: The girl was scratched by the cat. The subject (the cat) performing the action often appears in a “by the” phrase. Writers can easily recognize passive voice constructions because they contain a characteristic verb phrase: the form of the verb to be + past participle. Passive voice construction: Your assignment was lost. The papers will be graded. The actor is known. Active voice construction: You lost your assignment. I will grade the papers. I know the actor. There are times when using the passive voice is the obvious choice when writing a sentence. Use the passive voice when: • You are giving directions to an unknown subject The nut is then screwed onto the bolt. • You do not know who performs the action of the sentence Secret information was leaked to the press. • The performer of the action is irrelevant to the point you are making Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in a theater, not at a political event. • You are denying responsibility My homework is not done. There is nothing inherently wrong with the passive voice. It is an issue of style, but it can often weaken the impact of your writing and make your meaning unclear. -
PARTS of SPEECH ADJECTIVE: Describes a Noun Or Pronoun; Tells
PARTS OF SPEECH ADJECTIVE: Describes a noun or pronoun; tells which one, what kind or how many. ADVERB: Describes verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs; tells how, why, when, where, to what extent. CONJUNCTION: A word that joins two or more structures; may be coordinating, subordinating, or correlative. INTERJECTION: A word, usually at the beginning of a sentence, which is used to show emotion: one expressing strong emotion is followed by an exclamation point (!); mild emotion followed by a comma (,). NOUN: Name of a person, place, or thing (tells who or what); may be concrete or abstract; common or proper, singular or plural. PREPOSITION: A word that connects a noun or noun phrase (the object) to another word, phrase, or clause and conveys a relation between the elements. PRONOUN: Takes the place of a person, place, or thing: can function any way a noun can function; may be nominative, objective, or possessive; may be singular or plural; may be personal (therefore, first, second or third person), demonstrative, intensive, interrogative, reflexive, relative, or indefinite. VERB: Word that represents an action or a state of being; may be action, linking, or helping; may be past, present, or future tense; may be singular or plural; may have active or passive voice; may be indicative, imperative, or subjunctive mood. FUNCTIONS OF WORDS WITHIN A SENTENCE: CLAUSE: A group of words that contains a subject and complete predicate: may be independent (able to stand alone as a simple sentence) or dependent (unable to stand alone, not expressing a complete thought, acting as either a noun, adjective, or adverb). -
Prepositions, Conjunctions, and Interjections System of Classifying Books
UNIT Prepositions, 14 Conjunctions, and Interjections Lesson 14.1 Prepositions 415 Lesson 14.2 Prepositional Phrases 417 Lesson 14.3 Pronouns After Prepositions 419 Lesson 14.4 Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives and Adverbs 421 Lesson 14.5 Telling Prepositions and Adverbs Apart 423 Lesson 14.6 Conjunctions 425 Lesson 14.7 Interjections 427 Grammar Review 429 Writing Application 437 414 414_P2U14_888766.indd 414 3/18/08 12:21:23 PM 414-437 wc6 U14 829814 1/15/04 8:14 PM Page 415 14.114.1 Prepositions ■ A preposition is a word that relates a noun or a pronoun to some other word in a sentence. The dictionary on the desk was open. An almanac was under the dictionary. Meet me at three o’clock tomorrow. COMMONLY USED PREPOSITIONS aboard as despite near since about at down of through above before during off to across behind except on toward after below for onto under against beneath from opposite until Prepositions, Conjunctions, and Interjections along beside in out up amid between inside outside upon among beyond into over with around by like past without A preposition can consist of more than one word. I borrowed the almanac along with some other reference books. PREPOSITIONS OF MORE THAN ONE WORD according to along with because of in spite of on top of across from aside from in front of instead of out of Read each sentence below. Any word that fits in the blank is a preposition. Use the almanac that is the table. I took the atlas your room. 14.1 Prepositions 415 414-437 wc6 U14 829814 1/15/04 8:15 PM Page 416 Exercise 1 Identifying Prepositions Write each preposition from the following sentences.