The Roulette Near-Miss Effect
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Act 328 of 1931 CHAPTER XLIV GAMBLING 750.301 Accepting Money Or Valuable Thing Contingent on Uncertain Event
THE MICHIGAN PENAL CODE (EXCERPT) Act 328 of 1931 CHAPTER XLIV GAMBLING 750.301 Accepting money or valuable thing contingent on uncertain event. Sec. 301. Any person or his or her agent or employee who, directly or indirectly, takes, receives, or accepts from any person any money or valuable thing with the agreement, understanding or allegation that any money or valuable thing will be paid or delivered to any person where the payment or delivery is alleged to be or will be contingent upon the result of any race, contest, or game or upon the happening of any event not known by the parties to be certain, is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 1 year or a fine of not more than $1,000.00. History: 1931, Act 328, Eff. Sept. 18, 1931;CL 1948, 750.301;Am. 2002, Act 672, Eff. Mar. 31, 2003. Former law: See sections 1 and 11 of Act 176 of 1925, being CL 1929, §§ 9121 and 9131. 750.302 Keeping or occupying common gambling house or building or place where gaming permitted; apparatus used for gaming or gambling; manufacture or possession of gaming or gambling apparatus for sale. Sec. 302. (1) Except as provided in subsection (2), any person, or his or her agent or employee who, directly or indirectly, keeps, occupies, or assists in keeping or occupying any common gambling house or any building or place where gaming is permitted or suffered or who suffers or permits on any premises owned, occupied, or controlled by him or her any apparatus used for gaming or gambling or who shall use such apparatus for gaming or gambling in any place within this state, is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 1 year or a fine of not more than $1,000.00. -
Gambling Behavior Among Macau College and University Students
Kam et al. Asian J of Gambling Issues and Public Health (2017) 7:2 DOI 10.1186/s40405-017-0022-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Gambling behavior among Macau college and university students Sut Mei Kam1, Irene Lai Kuen Wong2, Ernest Moon Tong So3*, David Kin Cheong Un1 and Chris Hon Wa Chan1 *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract 3 Department of Sociology, This survey investigated gambling behavior among Chinese students studying in University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Macau colleges and universities. It also aimed to examine the relationship between Full list of author information problem gambling, afect states and sensation seeking propensity. A convenience is available at the end of the sample of 999 students (370 men, 629 women) flled a self-administered question- article naire consisted of the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) (Ferris and Wynne in The Canadian problem gambling index: User manual. Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, Toronto 2001a), the 8-item Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS-8) (Hoyle et al. Pers Individ Dif 32(3): 401–414, 2002), Bradburn’s Afect Balance Scale (BABS) (Bradburn in The structure of psychological well-being. Aldine, Chicago 1969) and questions on gambling activities. The response rate is 65%. Results indicate 32.3% (n 323) of the survey participants wagered on mahjong (61.8%), soccer matches (40.2%),= Mark Six lottery (37.2%), card games (28.1%), land-based casino gambling (13.1%), slot machines (7.5%) and online casino games (2.0%). The average monthly stake was MOP $411. Seeking entertainment (18.7%), killing time (12.5%) and peer infuence (11.1%) were the three main reasons for gambling. -
A Probabilistic Study of Dice Control in Craps
Golden Arm: A Probabilistic Study of Dice Control in Craps Donald R. Smith Robert Scott III Abstract This paper calculates how much control a craps shooter must possess on dice outcomes to eliminate the house advantage. A golden arm is someone who has dice control (or a rhythm roller or dice influencer). There are various strategies for dice control in craps. We discuss several possibilities of dice control that would result in several different mathematical models of control. We do not assert whether dice control is possible or not (there is a lack of published evidence). However, after studying casino-legal methods described by dice-control advocates, we can see only one realistic mathematical model that describes the resulting possible dice control, that in which the four faces on a rotating (horizontal) axis are favored. This is the model that we analyze in this paper. Keywords: craps; dice; dice control; probability Donald R. Smith Associate Professor Department of Management and Decision Sciences Monmouth University [email protected] Robert Scott III Professor Department of Economics, Finance, and Real Estate Monmouth University [email protected] UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal t Volume 22 Issue 1 29 Wine loved I deeply, dice dearly (William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act 3, Scene 4) Introduction Craps is a unique casino game because the shooter directly affects (i.e., picks up and throws) the gambling instruments (dice). Craps players, more than other casino gamblers, may be the most susceptible to Langer’s (1975) illusion of control where they think they can control the outcome of a random game. -
September | 2020
September | 2020 The coronavirus pandemic has changed the way we use the internet. Whether it’s remote work, online shopping, online learning or remote health care, new methods and changes in consumer behaviors will likely continue after the virus has run its course. Internet gambling is another area that may soon see a COVID-19 bump. Most states do not allow internet gambling. Of the 44 states with lotteries, only 11 allow some form of internet play, either permitting lottery tickets to be sold over the internet or offering online lottery subscriptions. Of the 25 states with commercial casino gambling, internet gambling (that is, traditional casino games played electronically over the internet, usually distinct from online sports betting) is only available in Delaware, Nevada, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Michigan and West Virginia have recently legalized iGaming but are not yet offering it. While there are only a handful of states that have considered iGaming or iLottery measures during coronavirus-dominated 2020 sessions, there are signs that a shift may be underway. One of the primary reasons that legal gambling has been slow to embrace the internet despite a sizable online gambling black market, is a fear that online gambling would rob brick-and-mortar casinos and surrounding establishments of visitors and revenue. This fear no longer appears to be widespread across the casino industry, and many stakeholders now point to evidence that internet gambling will actually help casinos. Those who are more inclined to bet online tend to be younger and are not necessarily active casinogoers; iGaming may offer an opportunity to appeal to a broader market. -
Problem Gambling: How Japan Could Actually Become the Next Las Vegas
[Type here] PROBLEM GAMBLING: HOW JAPAN COULD ACTUALLY BECOME THE NEXT LAS VEGAS Jennifer Roberts and Ted Johnson INTRODUCTION Although with each passing day it appears less likely that integrated resorts with legalized gaming will become part of the Tokyo landscape in time for the city’s hosting of the summer Olympics in 20201, there is still substantial international interest in whether Japan will implement a regulatory system to oversee casino-style gaming. In 2001, Macau opened its doors for outside companies to conduct casino gaming operations as part of its modernized gaming regulatory system.2 At that time, it was believed that Macau would become the next Las Vegas.3 Just a few years after the new resorts opened, many operated by Las Vegas casino company powerhouses, Macau surpassed Las Vegas as the “gambling center” at one point.4 With tighter restrictions and crackdowns on corruption, Macau has since experienced declines in gaming revenue.5 When other countries across Asia have either contemplated or adopted gaming regulatory systems, it is often believed that they could become the 1 See 2020 Host City Election, OLYMPIC.ORG, http://www.olympic.org/2020-host- city-election (last visited Oct. 25, 2015). 2 Macau Gaming Summary, UNLV CTR. FOR GAMING RES., http://gaming. unlv.edu/ abstract/macau.html (last visited Oct. 25, 2015). 3 David Lung, Introduction: The Future of Macao’s Past, in THE CONSERVATION OF URBAN HERITAGE: MACAO VISION – INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE xiii, xiii (The Cultural Inst. of the Macao S. A. R. Gov’t: Studies, Research & Publ’ns Div. 2002), http://www.macauheritage.net/en/knowledge/vision/vision_xxi.pdf (noting, in 2002, of outside investment as possibly creating a “Las Vegas of the East”). -
Searching for Viable Betting Strategies in Gambling, with Consideration to Roulette
Searching for viable betting strategies in gambling, with consideration to Roulette Joseph Toninato UMD University Honors Capstone Project Introduction Gambling is one of the world’s oldest past times. Dice have been found in Egyptian tombs that are dated to be roughly 8000 years old. Since then, gambling has taken many different forms. Cards, dice, slots, wagers on sporting events, all of these fall under the umbrella of gambling. Whatever form it takes, all methods of gambling share the same structure. There is a game of chance, where people place wagers of money or assets or any multitude of things in the hopes of winning some amount of goods that are greater than their wager. Approximately 1.6 billion people worldwide reported gambling in some fashion in 2010. While many of these stated that they played the lottery, a large portion ventured into casinos. One of the most popular and iconic games in a casino is Roulette. This game is thought to originate from a perpetual motion machine invented in the 17th century, and played in its current form since before 1800. Roulette is a simple game in which a wheel is spun with numbered, colored, slots ranging from 0-36, and a double 0, or 00, in the American version. A ball is then allowed to spin around the outside of the wheel and fall into a random slot. This is the winning number. In addition, the numbers are colored either red or black, and the zero or zeros are colored green. A player may make one, or multiple, of many bets. -
Gambling with Our Future? the Costs and Benefits of Legalized Gambling
Fraser Institute Digital Publication Gambling with Our Future? The Costs and Benefits of Legalized Gambling Patrick Basham and Karen White The Fraser Institute Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 2002 Gambling with Our Future? 2 Contents Executive summary / 3 Introduction / 14 How prevalent is problem gambling? / 28 Social benefits and costs of gambling / 55 Economic benefits and costs of gambling / 68 Gambling on Indian reservations / 99 Regulation of internet gambling / 107 The case for privatizing gambling / 114 Individual freedom versus government paternalism / 122 Glossary / 126 References / 130 About the authors / 148 About this publication / 149 About The Fraser Institute / 150 Fraser Institute Digital Publication February 2002 Gambling with Our Future? 3 Executive summary Heightened public awareness of, and participation in, gambling has sparked consid- erable debate about its economic viability and its overall effect on society. The fun- damental policy question addressed in this report is whether or not the benefits of legalized gambling outweigh the costs? In addition to a socioeconomic analysis, this report discusses what the appropriate role of government should be in regard to gambling. Currently, municipal, provincial, state, and federal governments in North America perform a number of roles, including prohibitor, provider (sometimes mo- nopolistically), regulator, and educator. Finally, this report concludes by addressing the important, yet commonly unspoken, issue of individual freedom, that is, the right to choose whether or not to gamble and on what terms, in the face of govern- ment’s increasingly paternalistic attitude. In this report, we explicitly take a wide view, literally and figuratively, of the ramifi- cations of legalized gambling. We investigate legalized gambling in four countries: Canada, the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. -
State Lotteries: Gambling with the Common Good by Julia Fleming
Copyright © 2011 Center for Christian Ethics at Baylor University 29 29 State Lotteries: Gambling With the Common Good BY JULIA FLEMING While their regressive burden upon the disadvantaged is a strong ethical reason for rejecting state lotteries, we should also consider the messages that their promotion conveys to the community as a whole. Lotteries, as alternatives to taxation, undercut the development of civic virtues and social responsibility. ithin the last fifty years, state governments in the United States have made a radical change in their policies towards gambling, as Wevidenced especially in their sponsorship of lotteries. Today, ninety percent of the U.S. population lives in lottery states; in 1960 no Americans did. As Erik Owens has observed, “Every action the government takes, every policy the government makes, conveys certain values to its citizens.”1 So, what values are state governments indirectly endorsing, or at least tolerating, in their new reliance upon lotteries as a source of revenue? Does govern- mental promotion of lotteries exploit the weaknesses of problem gamblers, prey upon the disadvantaged, and encourage a superstitious belief in lucky numbers? In a broader sense, do lotteries, as alternatives to taxation, under- cut citizens’ development of civic virtues and social responsibility? Roman Catholic social thought provides a helpful vantage point from which to consider the ethics of state lotteries as a regular revenue source. The tradition’s general principles, especially its emphasis upon civic responsibil- ity and the importance of social virtues, suggest that reliance on the lottery poses a risk both to vulnerable citizens and to the character of the community as a whole. -
Poker and the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act
NOTE CHECK, RAISE, OR FOLD: POKER AND THE UNLAWFUL INTERNET GAMBLING ENFORCEMENT ACT I. INTRODUCTION Gambling permeates throughout American society. One cannot watch television without stumbling upon a poker show, 1 listen to the radio without hearing the amount of today’s lotto jackpot, 2 or go on the Internet without encountering an advertisement for a gambling website. When one thinks of this country’s history, the image of the frontier saloon with its raucous drinking and debauchery goes hand in hand with gambling, mainly poker. In nearly every state in the Union, to one extent or another, there exists some form of legalized gambling. 3 With such an ever pervasive culture of gambling in this country, why is Internet gambling the bane that needs to be eradicated from modern society? The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 4 (“Act” or “UIGEA”) is only the most recent legislation passed by Congress in an attempt to curb the ongoing “problem” that is Internet gambling.5 Simply stated, the Act prevents those transactions that are deemed restricted from being settled through any financial institution, including banks and credit cards. 6 It is merely the enforcement mechanism being utilized to curb online gambling. Such legislation begs the question: Is Internet gambling an actual problem, and if so, is the means by which the Legislature is attempting to quash this predicament the paramount approach by which to handle the situation? This Note argues that the Act (as well as its predecessor bill, the Internet Gambling Prohibition Act of 1997 (“IGPA”) 7) is merely a protectionist statute concerned primarily with the economic well-being of the nation. -
Slot Machines: Methodologies and Myths Michael L
Hospitality Review Volume 14 Article 5 Issue 2 Hospitality Review Volume 14/Issue 1 January 1996 Slot Machines: Methodologies and Myths Michael L. Kasavana Michigan State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/hospitalityreview Part of the Asian Studies Commons, and the Hospitality Administration and Management Commons Recommended Citation Kasavana, Michael L. (1996) "Slot Machines: Methodologies and Myths," Hospitality Review: Vol. 14 : Iss. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/hospitalityreview/vol14/iss2/5 This work is brought to you for free and open access by FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hospitality Review by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Slot Machines: Methodologies and Myths Abstract The proliferation of legalized gaming has significantly changed the nature of the hospitality industry. While several aspects of gaming have flourished, none has become more popular, profitable, or technologically advanced as the slot machine. While more than half of all casino gambling, and earnings, is generated by slot machines, little ash been written about the technology integral to these devices. The uthora describes the workings of computer-controlled slot machines and exposes some of the popular operating myths. Keywords Michael Kasavana, Asia This article is available in Hospitality Review: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/hospitalityreview/vol14/iss2/5 Slot Machines: Methodologies and Myths by Michael L. Kasavana The proliferation of legalized gaming has significantly changed the nature of the hospitality industry. While several aspects of gaming have flourished, none has become more popular, profitable, or technologically advanced as the slot machine. -
A Review of Online Gambling Literature
A Review of Online Gambling Literature Amanda V. McCormick & Irwin M. Cohen A Review of Online Gambling Literature 2007 Authors: Amanda V. McCormick Irwin M. Cohen © No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in whole or in part, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher. To obtain permission, contact the BC Centre for Social Responsibility at 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia, V2S 7M8. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication McCormick, Amanda V A review of online gambling literature, 2007 / prepared by Amanda V. McCormick and Irwin M. Cohen. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-9864996-7-8 1. Internet gambling. 2. Internet gambling--Law and legislation. I. Cohen, Irwin M II. BC Centre for Social Responsibility III. Title. HV6710.M34 2010 306.4'82 C2010-901319-0 Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Location of Online Gambling Companies ....................................................................................... 4 Online Payments .......................................................................................................................... 5 Benefits of Online -
A New System for Roulette Based on the Physics of the Roulette Wheel
A NEW SYSTEM FOR ROULETTE BASED ON THE PHYSICS OF THE ROULETTE WHEEL Leslie M. Golden University of Illinois at Chicago/Center for Computational Astrophysics L. M. Golden -- IGRT 2016 Summary of the Paper • In this presentation, we will introduce a system for roulette based on the physics of a tilted roulette wheel. • It results from a detailed non-mathematical examination of the non- random layout of the roulette wheel pockets. • It relies on team camouflage and, because it utilizes all three elements of the ABS camouflage model, A(cting), B(etting), S(trategy), it is undetectable. • For the sake of brevity, we will refer only to the American roulette wheel layout. The same analysis applies to the European roulette wheel layout, and that analysis will appear in the paper to appear in the conference proceedings to be published by the International Gambling Institute. • CAUTION: The viability of the system depends on the ability of the team to locate and manipulate a croupier who is able to influence the rest sector of, or “steer,” the roulette ball. L. M. Golden -- IGRT 2016 OUTLINE 1. Can a Croupier Guide the Ball? 2. The Physics of a Tilted Roulette Wheel 3. Skullduggery and Shillology 4. Roulette Bets and the Magic Circle 5. Examples of Team Play 6. Camouflage and Tips L. M. Golden -- IGRT 2016 To Guide or Not to Guide? The basic idea of influencing the pockets into which the ball will fall, referred to by many names such as “section shooting,” “steering,” “guiding,” ”directing,” “controlling,” and the “dealer signature,” is that a croupier dealing roulette four to six hours daily, fifty weeks a year, over only a few years, will develop routines and muscle memory that would create predictable and therefore exploitable preferences for where the ball will come to rest.