introduction de bajo de la tierra San Antonio, Texas (the underground)
Senior Thesis Program by David Strahan
Submitted to The Division of Architecture Texas Tech University
INSTRUCTORS
Dr. George T. C. Peng Prof. Dudley Thompson Date: September 15, 1978
About the Cover: The old and the new with the river enter twined. And now the future: the underground.
CD AOI mit /^ TABLE OF CONTENTS Key Description Page Introduction A Introduction AOl Title Sheet 2 A02 Table of Contents 3 A03 List of Figures 6 A04 Acknowledgements 8 A05 Forward 9 Background 11 B Project Description 12 BOl General 13 B02 Current Projects 18 B03 CBD Proposals 23 B04 Statement of Thesis 25 C Client 26 COl Client Organization 27 C02 Previous Projects 30 C03 Outside Organizations 33 C04 The Hidden Client 34 C05 Client Goals 35 D History 39 DOl General 40 D02 Archaic Period 41 D03 Neo. Historic Period 41 "c D04 Spanish Colonization 42 o D05 Mexican Revolution and Rule 44 "c D06 The Texas Republic 45 o D07 An American Town 46 o D08 From Town to City 48 D09 Boom and Bust 49 DIO Depression War and Recovery 50 o Dll The Expressway Era 51 -9? o A02 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) E Economic 53 KOI General 54 E02 History of Military 55 E03 Military and Civilian Personnel 57 E04 Employment Projections 60 E05 Projected Industry 61 E06 Industrial Parks 63 F Social 65 FOl Population 66 F02 Socio Economic and Density 80 F03 Census 82 G Urban Life 84 GOl The Human Element 85 G02 Man in the Urban Environment 87 G03 Heirachy of Urban Spaces 89 Program 91 H Scope 92 HOI Degrees of Concern 93 H02 General 94 H03 Intermediate 95 H04 Specific 96 J Site 97 JOI Location 98 J02 External Influences 104 J03 Site Analysis 110 J04 Downtown Activities 129 J05 Proposed Development 135 J06 Transit Systems 140 J07 Zoning 142 J08 Building Codes 144 J09 Climate 147 A02 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) K Project Criteria 156 KOI Circulation 157 K02 Security 158 K03 Service 159 K04 Sensory 160 K05 Lighting 161 K06 Surfaces 162 L Requirements LOl Reauirements that Affect Planningl64 L02 Commercial Space 168 L03 Public Space 169 L04 River Corridor Study 170 M Precepts 171 MOl Mall 172 MO 2 Commercial 174 M03 Public Space 175 NOl Goals 176 P Implementation 179 POl Work Program Flow Chart 180 P02 Funding 181 R Conclusions 183 ROl Growth and Change 184 S Bibliography 185 SOI Books 186 S02 Studies 187 Appendix River Corridor Study Riverwalk Policy Regional 85 y J^OZ ( TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) Addendum 189 Documentation 192 Introduction 193 Site 193 Utilities 19^ Accessibility 19^ Design Concepts 19^ Design Solution 195 Materials and Furnishings 202 Jury Comments 2O3 Personal Comments 208 Appendix River Corridor Study Riverwalk Policy Regional 85 r BACKGROUND LIST OF FIGURES No. Description Page 01 Central City Dist. 14 02 Leverage Areas 16 03 Development Generators 17 04 Current Projects 22 05 Supper Blocks 24 06 Organizational Chart 29 07 Previous Charts 32 08 Archaic Period 41 09 Neo Historic Period 41 10 Spanish Colonization 42 11 Mexican Revolution and Rule 44 12 The Texas Republic 44 13 An American Town 46 14 From Town to City 48 15 Boom and Bust 49 16 Depression War and Recovery 50 17 The Expressway Era 52 18 Military Districts 58-59 19 Economic Development Area 64 20 Bexar County Tract Map 83 Program if) 21 Degrees of Concern 97 22 Texas 99 23 San Antonio 99 24 Central City District 100 25 Site Location 101 26 Legal Description 102 27 Existing Expressways 105 28 Railroads 106 29 Noise Exposure 107 30 Flood Prone Areas 108 in A03 r 31 Edwards Acquiffier 109 32 Water 111 33 Sewer 112 34 Gas 113 35 Electric 114 36 Traffic Volumes 115 37 Traffic Flow 116 38 Traffic Control 117 39 Lighting 118 40 Pedestrian Volumes (street level) 119 41 Pedestrian Volumes (river level) 120 42 Pedestrian Time Distance 121 43 Vistas Blockage 122 44 Unpleasant Areas 123 45 Odor Areas 124 46 Noise Areas 125 47 Landscape Areas 126 48 Land Use 127 49 Figure Ground 128 50 River Bend Activity 131 51 Points of Interest 132 52 Significant Structure 133 53 Architecture & Historical 134 Significant Structures 54 CBD Street Lighting 136 55 Proposed Inner Loop 136 56 Proposed Development 137 57 Proposed Hotels and Motels 138 58 Market Axis 139 59 Existing transit 140 60 El Centro 141 A03 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ^ A special thanks to the following people for their help and assistance in the evolution and completion of this program: Daryl Engel - Department of Planning City of San Antonio Gary Jackson - Associate Planner Sara Jane Warren - Department of Planning CO CD e a> 5 o o o J A04 •^ FORWARD The city of San Antonio is a truly unique metropolis. The blending of cultures history, folk lore and people within the city have created a vibrant downtown, continuously admired; active, rich with life. The San Antonio river, lazily winding through the very heart of the downtown area, compliments the city by offering a peaceful world of its own. Composed of gift shops, resturants, art galleries, and other businesses which line its banks, the river area becomes a beautiful landscaped world; serenly oblivious to the hustle-bustle world occuring a mere 30 ft. above it. Plainly evident throughout the city is the Spanish heritage found in its people, history, and architecture. This is expressed best through the five missions located along or near the San Antonio a river. The most photographed and best known of o the five missions, the Alamo, is located in the V V. A05 I 10 heart of the downtown area. As the shrine of Texas independence, the Alamo is a major influence on the character of San Antonio's downtown. Throughout the years the city of San Antonio has concerned itself with the redevelopment of the downtown. Through past studies and proposals, the city evolved the concept of a mall and subterrianian concourse for the downtown area. This thesis carries the concept one step further, that being the transition from proposal and planning stage to the urban design stage. A05 ^ 11 background 12 o (O I I -8 I I I D J J J J J J J 'I 13 GENERAL Although the city of San Antonio is rich in charm, tradition and cultural heritage it is far from content with present conditions. The down town is beginning to decline commercially (a common scene in many cities). The comparatively inexpensive land prices in other sections of the city, the demand for convenience in the sprawling suburban areas, the relative ease of transportation in the surburban areas, these and related subfactors are contributing to formulate a commercial "demise" for downtown San Antonio, in spite of the many pluses the downtown has to offer. The amount of vacant office and commercial space in the downtown or Central Business District (CBD) is dangerously high and continues to rise in volume (See Figure 01) o San Antonio is all too familiar with these c problems and has done much work to try to solve them. In the early 1970's, the city derived many "project V y BO JhXASTECHLieRAPV j._ 14 / ^\^ / \ w :r - P pq B L :^ ^VcE/liaAL CITY FRAI^^E^S •\ .-^i :^ 'I •" * ""'Lai \ - 'V: V, ^' iiiFidtjife,^! BOl a. a^ -^S^ 15 areas" in San Antonio's downtown and set out to achieve these projects, each with a certain time span. A large portion of these projects have already been completed and rated. (See Figure 02) (See Figure 03) y^BOl 16 : I fA \\ \:. 'i/'/ r LIVERAGE' ^iU MEX(CAN ^MAflKeT -,\- 2. FEDCRAL-STiVIE .OFFICE BUILDINGS fj^' M Al?il -. SOLED AO STREET ' -^ .J'rf. MARTIN-J»ECAN 'STREETV -{r >''''\ * \ ._5.\RIVER,-NEW TOWW . >^^^ ^ .; / JL 6. HOUSTON STREEr^«^^ ^ , fr;^] 7. JOORTHV STREET. V/^ ^^^ M-.i:i^;, r:^] BOl •^ 17 ^Xr. • . « ' Til ^-m ^^ '—''——^ ! CJUV14 :rr._j: RO'rx-' '—-^ ii { ^-1 r ; 7 ^^^S^lli .-^;^K/ LEVERAGE AREAS' 1 PUBLIC MARKET | ^ 2 HEMISFAIR PLAZA r!~Ji^ •••• // li " ••';'-—-Siir- 3 MAIN-SOLADAD ST. 4 MARTIN ST. f '5. UPPER RIVER /•'/' / s-// "^s^^/ / ^-^^-^r //~^- 6. HOUSTON ST.-^^^- / . '^-WC^^/ >v€ / 7. FOURTH ST.V^W-^^-^#?/)0^ 8. BOWIE ^^^\^-.;>,.Ml.r>r^-/\ 9 ROSA VERDE ^^ 10 RIVER SOUTH ^^ v^^ 11 HISTORIC DISTRICT ^<^ 12 WHEATLEY LEGEND • COMPLETE OR UNDER CONSTRUCTION D IN PLANNING STAGE . .Figure — - CENTRAL CITY DIST. BOUNDRY BOl 18 CURRENT PROJECTS Many interest groups, downtown businessmens, and local agencies are working together with San Antonio Planning Dept. to determine and identify the problem areas, as well as suggest and propose viable answers to these problems. Projects surrounding the site are currently under or near construction, the resiliant of such planning. Some of these projects include: Completed; Refer to Figure 04 1. Alamo Plaza (public commitment) Complete redevelopment of the public tn space as a bicentennial project. t3 2. Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Hall (D (public commitment) - Expansion of o 2 GL Exhibit/Banquet Hall Facilities. 3. Landmark - Private complete "c (D rehabilitation of 13 story building 3 into luxury office space. o 1. The Alamo Plaza Project, 1973, p.e. 2. The Alamo Plaza Project Area, 1976, p.3, 3. Ibid p.3. B02 L ^a^to.. 19 Approved or Underway: 4. Historic Walkway (public) A pedestrian system running east/ west from Alamo Plaza to market Square intersecting with Alamo River Pedestrian Linkage at riverwalk will provide handicap/service elevators on each side of river. 5. Alamo Plaza Transit Mall (San Antonio Transit Mall) a contra-flow bus mall separated from vehicular movement and parking by a landscaped median. Includes new sidewalks, street furniture, 5 smage. 6. Riverbend Parking Structure (public) 8 level - 702 car capacity municipal project incorporating approximately 16,000 sq. ft. of street level retail -ru -J 7 space. 4. 5. Ibid p.4. '^ 6. Contra Flow Bus Lane p.2. The Alamo Plaza Project Area p.4. J B02 £ 20 Hemisfair Plaza Arena (public) Expansion of seating capacity to 16,000 by raising roof 13 feet and installing roof deck (nearly completed) Casino Building (private) complete rehabilitation of seven story building 8 into apt. Pasea del Rio Hotel (private) complete rehabilitation of 6 story building into apartments. 10. Western International Hotel (private) Construction of 646 room luxury hotel over river extension incorporating a 20 story atrium lobby with river walk forming its base. 11. Plaza National Hotel (private) Construction of 250 room luxury resort Hotel adjacent to Hemisfair Plaza. 7. Ibid p.4. 8. Ibid P.5. 9. The Alamo Plaza Redevelopment Area Plan, 1977 p.3. 10. Ibid p.4. V. 11. Ibid p.5. J B02 21 Proposed: 12. Luxury Convention Hotel (private) Construction of a 250 room hotel on site bounded by Presa, Commerce, Narrarvo Streets and the river. 12 (adjacent to this thesis site) 13. Alamo Plaza Mix Use Complex (Public) A complex composed of commercial space for dept. store, residential space and parking v/ith connectior. from the Alamo to the river and with Crockett Street for possible connec tion with Market. 12. The Alamo Plaza Redevelopment Area Plan; 1977 p.5. B02 A j/r 22 )'f^^c=^-'%< B02 ^UMMSiaiiriAi 23 ^ CBD PROPOSALS The city of San Antonio is currently revising and strengthening its long range goals for the city. Through the city planning department, San Antonio has developed an inner loop concept for Central City District. Basically the innerloop concept is explained as: 1. The development of major downtown streets to form a loop system which circles the CBD. 2. Development of secondary "Arterial" routes which feed into the downtown area. 3. Creation of downtown "super blocks" streets jn will remain open for service only, thus creating pedestrian oriented super-blocks. o 4. Creation of pedestrian concourses which unite Q. superblocks below ground level, thus eliminating 2 pedestrian/vehicular circulation conflicts. Q. (Sketch Map Figure 05) "O O V B03 24 Each superblock will generally be categorized with its own theme (ex. Hemisfair Plaza, Medical Block, Historical Block, Business Block, etc.) SUPER BLOCKS The area within the north and northeast superblocks will be the business sector for the CBD as this _ jy Figure 05 B03 lit 25 STATEMENT OF THESIS This thesis project is concerned with the research and design of a river level pedestrian concourse that would interconnect a seven block area of hotel, residential, commercial, and parking activities. Along with the river level study, is a street level pedestrian oriented walk that will be a small portion of a much larger pedestrian walkway connecting the King William District with auditorium circle. CO O (D E tn V B04 26 o 27 ^ CLIENT ORGANIZATION The client for this project is the city of San Antonio. Acting as advisor to the city will be the city of San Antonio Planning Dept. Under a typical situation, the city of San Antonio will have the planning department research and formulate concepts concerning a particular area. With this done, the planning department will then make a presentation to the city of San Antonio's city council who votes upon its acceptance. At this point the council is advised by the city manager. If passed, the concept will then be presented to the people of the city, who vote to determine its a acceptance. M 'c In like manner, the planning dept. may o formulate its own concept for a city project not ordered by the city. The department then makes a presentation through the above mentioned process. 75 V COl 28 In the case of similar project to this, the Architect will make a presentation to the planning dept. Upon their approval the dept., along with the Architect will present the solution to the city council through the typical process. (Client Organization)Figure 06 COl 1 29 r CITIZENS I CITY COUNCIL MUNICIRAL COURT LIBRARY SYSTEM JUDGES •CITY CLERK CITY MANAGER ECONOMIC DEVELOMENT ASSISTANCE POLICE PUBLIC FIRE i|< PLANNING COMMUNITY HUMAN :BUILDING AVIATION RNANCE TRAFFIC a WORKS DEVELDPEMENT RESOURCES a ZONING TRANSPORT. urban cJ«M'i^ n houdin^ Koman n:k'f>«« PA^mA^ o«i MARKET CONVEN: EQU^O. VISITORS PUBLIC LEGAL PARKS a PURCHAS. LAND METRO CIVIL PERSON SQR. FAQUTIES EMPLT BUREAU INFO. REC. DEFINECE 3K clicn+ CITY of SAN ANTONIO ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Figure 06 COl 30 f PREVIOUS PROJECT: The client relationship is an efficient body which has worked well in the past on projects concerning the development of San Antonio, evidenced by viewing the character of the city. Examples of the accomplishments of this client relationship include: (See Figure 07) 1. La Villita: Originally the city's first settle ment, this small sector of downtown has been restored, and redeveloped to become a "little city" composed of gift shops, art galleries, offices and other business. La Villita is also the scene of many festivities throughout the year two of which are "The Starving Artist Show" and the famous "Night in Old San Antonio". 2. The Riverwalk: For years the river served as an open sewer and constant flood threat. Faced g with the chance of being filled in, the river was saved by the city and concerned citizens I who converted the polluted river into a C02 31 beautiful landscaped oasis, complete with "A walkways along both banks which led to cafes and shops. Thus the river became a major tourist attraction. Hemisfair 68' - The worlds fair for 1968, Hemisfair 68' was a combination urban renewal/ worlds fair project. Major accomplishments included the redevelopment of a large amount of land which suffered from urban decay, the restoration of many fine old homes, and the development of the city convention center/area complex. The area has since become Hemisfair Plaza, which houses museums, art galleries, city offices and federal court systems. El Mercado - This project dealt with the \ r^^ci^ restoration and rehabilitation of the old farmers market and produce row. Market places which have existed since the early 1800's. The project merely enhanced the quality of the market, retaining its charm and quality. L C02 •^^^—I J .j-ij -.-jgry 32 C02 33 ~^ OUTSIDE ORGANIZATIONS Due to the complexities of conditions concerning the design of structures within the down town area of San Antonio, various commitees and interest groups have been formed to guarantee that their interests are considered in the design; such organizations which will show interest with this project, thereby influencing the client are: San Antonio River Authority San Antonio Conservation Society Paseo Del Rio Ass. CO Centro 21 c o San Antonio Development Agency M San Antonio Transit Authority 12 Greater San Antonio Chamber of Commerce. o The client is on good terms with these organ b izations and has successfully completed many "O projects in the downtown area with these groups. C/} 13. San Antonio Research Report, 1973 p.3. V C03 34 THE HIDDEN CLIENT "^ When designing the complex one must not restrict oneself on the idea of designing with only the city as the client. A far more important client, interms of workability of the project, must be considered continually. He is the hidden client. He determines the fate of the project, whether it will work or not. This hidden client is the user. Not easily defined, the user fits into a wide range of categories. The user, could be a tenant, a worker, a policeman, a tourist, a fireman, a garbage collector any number of different types of user. Yet to be a good project, the design must be compatible to all these users. Thus the designer 15 must be sensitive to the needs of all the users, the c human being. For architecture to succeed, consider ation must be made for all the basic as well as secondary needs of man. (D L 004 35 A CLIENT GOALS The client, in formulating this project, has set up certain goals which are considered extremely important. These goals are minimum requirements set up by the client and from which the client's philosophy is evident: General Goals: * to reverse the trend of deterioration in the central city by stimulating private development through strategic use of public resources. * Reintroduce the residential function as the major physical element and developmental influence for generating a stable "24 hour" community. a * Preserve the heritage of San Antonio by o saving and placing in productive use down town's historically and architecturally significant structures and spaces. * Simplify circulation on major thorough fares. V COS Jl^ 36 provide adequate parking at strategic locations and implement other modes of transportation (ex. rapid transit, intercity high speed ground transportation, people movers, etc.). * Intensify the use of downtown land without creating congestion (ex. separation of ped estrians from automobiles, planned open space, etc.). * Promote and insure the best possible functional arrangement of downtown uses with due regard to diversity and compatability by generating the necessary linkages between these uses and establishing the necessary security force. * Design downtown as a distinctive, high quality environment to contribute to the identiy of the city and reinforce its unique character by preserving significant views and urban vistas, by encouraging architectural-urban COS 37 design excellence for public and ^ private projects by promoting a comprehensive sign ordinance and by citizen participation in the design process. Specific Goals: * Development of a visually attractive open space linkage interconnecting downtown San Antonio's two most significant attractions the Pasco del Rio and the Alamo Shrine. * Eliminate conflict, where feasible, between pedestrian and vehicular movement through utilization of the 25' height differential between the Plaza and Riverwalk. * Retension of existing vehicular circulation patterns simplified by modification of public transit routes. * Combine preservation rehabilitation and new construction physically up-grading the area to accomodate the revitalized functional needs. 14. Development of the Central City District p.39, V COS 38 "A * Protect the existing character and scale through carefully imposed higher density development oriented to internal pedestrian circulation at river level, street level and possibly at the second level. V COS A. 39 o Q 40 ..JJf "A HISTORY - GENERAL These factors shaped San Antonio into the city of today: * The waterways that sustained nomade tribes and mission life. * The strategic location as the northern most center of Spanish exploration. * The shifts of power from Indian to Spain to Mexico to U.S. ^6 The following is from the San Antonio History Survey 1972 prepared by Oneil, Perez, Lance, Larcade,Architects for The City Planning Dept. 16. San Antonio Historic Survey, 1972. o c DOl 41 r Archaic Period C.A. 7000 BC to 1000 AD Period nomadic hunters. Fig. 08 Neo Histroic Period 1000 AD to CA 1690 Indian camp of Yanaguana located at San Antonio. Exact location unknown but thought to be along the east bank of the San Antonio river. Coahuiltccan Nation occupied the San Antonio CO area. One of the best known tribes was the Payaya, "O also known as the Pamaya. Only known non-Coahuitecan o tribe or nation in the San Antonio area was the Apache. The known Apache tribe was the Lipan The Karankawa were brought to the San Antonio O area in the mid 1700's by the Spanish Mission areas. Comanches arrived by the 1750's. Fig. 09 O to ARCHAIC PERIOD: CA. 7000 B.C. to • ^^^ I O i^-.. •-t:;K 1' O o . - 1 -• ,V 1 (•v- o o A!J- -r '^l^ >af^-: si / y D02 NEO-HISTORIC PERIOD: ^ L iooaA.D.toCA. 1690 Figure 08-09 DO 3 42 Spanish Colonization; 1690 to 1810 Figure 10. * Mission period and European Settlement. * Spanish foothold in Texas is established by Mission San Francisco de los Tejas - 1690 * First recorded European expedition to S.A. 1691 * Mission San Antonio de Valero, Presidio San Antonio de Bexar and Villa de Bexar founded 1718. * Mission San Jose y San Miguel de Aguayo founded 1722. :- g * Mission San Francisco Xavier de Najero founded 1722. gi * Mission San Juan Capistrano; Purisina Conception ;;-'•• and San Francisco de la Espada moved from East ^ - Texas 1731. * Villa San Francisco de Bexar founded to house fifteen Spanish families from the Canary Islands. 1731. a M ^ * Church of San Fernando, first parrish church in Texas, founded 1731. d SPANISH COLONIZATION: 1690to1810 Irrigation System 8 * Alamo Madre Aceguia served Mission San Antonio de Valero moved to present site 1727. c * Aceguia Principal constructed 1728 a * San Jose Acequia constructed 1730. * Espada Acequia constructed 1731. V D04 43 * San Juan Acquia constructed 1731. * San Pedro constructed 1799. Mission Development * San Antonio becomes the capital of Spanish Texas 1722. * Mission San Antonio de Valero and the Presidio de Bexar united and called San Antonio de Bexar 1722. * Area population exceeds 2000 in late 1770's. * Eight Caminos Reales pass through San Antonio. Mission Secularization * Missions ordered secularized in 1794. * Missions lands distributed to the Indias 1823-27. * La Villita in San Antonio de Bexar developed 1809 D04 44 Mexican Revolution and Rule: 1810 to 1836 •ftv I Mexican revolution for independence from Spain is I begun by Father Hidalgo in 1810, -~y i. * Local battles in Mexican Revolution Rosillo Crossing - March 1818 - Mexicans 'njp!x . Alazon June 1813 - Mexicans Medina August 1813 - Spain r.Uj Mexican gains its Independence from Spain in March 1821. !"•-(; Stephen F. Austin brings American settlers to Tecas in 1820s with the permission of Mexican Government. General Antonio Lopex de Santa Ana, Preside of Mexico, *ij)',il^-*;'/ revises the Constitution of 1824, stripping the // States of their federal r?:ghts. The states of Coalhuila and Texas secdede from the ?\ 7^^ Republic of Mexico in June, 1834. Mexican troops * are sent to Texas. Local battles in the Texas MEXICAN REVOLUTION AND RULE: Revolution. o 1810to1836 ^ , .. ^J>'} V/-:'^-. ^:^^^uMi''\',Jfpi(^,^'y:'f] . siege de Bexar - Oct. 9 to Dec. 10 1835 ''.>^V^-|r(- . Conception - Nov. 26, 1835 . Grass Fight - Nov. 1835 . Alamo - Feb. 23 to March 6, 1836. o The Texas Revolution ends with Battle of San > ...i(_ji^^e Jacinto. April 21,1836. Fig. 11 o o X £ 3ure 11-12 DOS 45 The Texas Republic; 1836-1845 Figure 12. Relation with Mexico * San Antonio is occupied by Mexican troops in September 1841. * Battles between Mexican and Texas forces continue near San Antonio until 1842. Immigration * Various ethnic groups begun to settle in area. (Germans, Irish, French, Poles and Jews) * New religions are brought to San Antonio by immigrants - Protestant and Jewish. o OL a X D06 46 An American Town 1845-1877 Figure 13. Texas becomes a State - Dec. 29, 1945. In 1845 San Antonio has 1000 inhabitants, nine tenths of whom are Mexican. Spanish is generally spoken and Mexican customs dominate. American settlers and foreign immigrants, attracted by the prospect of starting a new life, flock to the area. The population composition changes. n * German immigrants attracted to developed area. * Iilsh arrive in 1846, settling the downtown area near the Alamo Madre Ditch. ^•^/•-vV^- -'i ' "'' 'Btl'^ttl'.'l'l'lW.WJJjnro. d iTrr^r'.-r' * Black Americans settle the southeast part of City ..:::W:>::ft: , r. called Newcombville. »i? * Not until after the Civil War does the immigration population exceed the native bom population. ,.V -c^\ M^.:' pp;? F-viv. •?:•:•?:•:•: Economic Development * Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 legitimizes trade 5 with Mexico, overland freighting to the south is o greatly expanded. v^;5f*A;l -.=-< -^ —-'^••i:^'«^W.•• * Cattle marketing flourishes after 1854 when first D cattle drive to San Antonio is made. Cattle industries O AN AMERICAN CITY: 1845 to 1877 boomed after the Civil War when trail is opened to » mmm Kansas. Figure 13 * By 1875 San Antonio is the center of wool producing E area of Texas and the world. a * Barbed wire is introduced to Texas in Main Plaza in 1877. This ends the open range. Transportation * First stage line from San Antonio to El Paso is DOT 47 opened in 1853. First line to west coats in 1857 runs from San Antonio to San Diego. * The railroad arrives in February 1877. The dependence on overland freight by wagon is ended. The Civil War * Despite strong Union sentiment U.S. equipment is surrendered to local secessionists on Feb. 16, 1861. * In San Antonio Robert E. Lee makes his decision to join the Confederacy. * San Antonio serves as an important trade link between the Confederacy and Mexico. * War activities are varied and include a leather tannery in Brackenridge park, and a prisoner of war camp in San Pedro park. * The U.S. Army re-established its Department of Texas in San Antonio in June, 1865. Fort Sam Houston is begun in 1876. L DO? 48 •\ From Town to City 1878-1900 Figure 14. Mexican domination of the city comes to an end. The immigrant population, particularly the Germans, control the economics, architecture and politics. San Antonio introduces street railways and waterworks in the 1870's. Electric lighting and gas systems are later developed. A building boom is in progress particularly in the down town area. San Antonio is the largest city in Texas with 37,000 people in 1890. Suburban development begins in 1890 with the opening of residential areas such as Laurel Heights, Beacon Hill, West End, East End, South Heights, Dignowih Hill Economic Growth * The railroads expand, bringing in more capital, goods and people. Vk » * The public stock yards are established in 1889 to accommodate the still growing cattle market. o o 91< * The city begins to promote itself as a tourist center and health resort in the 1890s. FROM TOWN TO CITY: 1878 to 1900 5 Figure 14 o E o DOS 49 r Boom and Bust 1900 to 1929 Figure 15 San Antonio begins the new centry with a population of 53,321 being the states largest city. By 1920 the population reaches 161,379 and is still the states largest city. Physical Development: * Several large bond issues are approved to pave the streets. * Skyscrapers of eight and ten stories are being built with heights increasing to 30 stories. Building contracts exceed $18,000,000 by 1929. * The city expands to the north, with the opening of several new additions. Building lots are selling briskly. The Mexican Revolution beginning in 1810, brings many exiles to San Antonio. Among them are members of the family of Francisco Madero, who flees Mexico and plots to overthrough Porfirio Diaz from San Antonio. ;ft::^::2S^Vy;->:-:':'%:':-:vlnH Military CO BOOM AND BUST: 1900to 1929 * The great war brings great expansion to the army. s:x Figure 15 * Camp Wilson, adjacent to Fort Sam Houston is established. O * Kelly and Brooks fields are established 1917. £ * During the war Dodd Field, Camp John Wise, Camp o Bullis and Camp Stanley are founded. o D09 ,j^ 50 Depression War and Recovery 1930 to 1945 The census of 1930 shows that San Antonio is no longer the State's largest city with Dallas now claiming the honor. Depression: * 1934 is the worst year of depression for the city. Building contracts sink to 1906 levels. * The National Youth Administration (NYA) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) are responsible for the beautification of the San Antonio River. The restoration of the La Villita and the Mission San Jose, and construction of the other public facilities. O Military; O * Randolph Field opened 1930. * 1933 - Nations military pilots are trained at f, Kelly and Randolph. * 1942 San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center is ^1 opened. It's later known as Lackland Air Force Base. i DEPRESSION,WAR AND RECOVERY: 1930to1945 In 1945 the city passes a landmark bond issue c which includes 1,750,000 for the construction of o Figure 16 a expressway project. It's first. (/) to a> 0) DIO 51 The Expressway Era 1945 to Present Figure 17 The first link of the new expressway system is completed in 1949. A bond issue is passed in late 1949 to expand the system and the growth has not stopped. Population: * The population increase from 231,542 to 408,422 between 1940 and 1950 * San Antonio became twelfth largest city in the Nation with population of 654,153 in 1970. * San Antonio passes up Dallas in population by 1000 in Jan. 1978 population now is within the 10 largest cities in the Nation. * San Antonio is one of the most unique cities in the Nation. o Increased population is reflected increased building. More cars and more expressways make possible more suburbs. By 1965 the city covers 160 square miles. In 1968 San Antonio plays host to a Worlds Fair o Hemisfair '68. By 1975 San Antonio reaches to the Northeast, North and Northwest sections of Bexar county establishing FM 1604 as outer loop. V Dll 52 •/•?i;'^-'^' I V -< i—1 • 1 •••.•.;:" 1- '_ \ \-l-„ DM 53 E o o o CD 54 "^ San Antonio, like many cities, has increasingly experienced out migration of middle class residents, business, and industry from the central city to the suburbs. This had led to a loss of employment opportunities in the downtown and inner city neighborhoods and to a declining tax base, as growth leaped beyond the city's boundries to the north. Economic adjustment problems have also come to the forefront over the past year in San Antonio due to increasing reductions in military spending. Problems of the local economy related to San Antonio's heavy reliance on military and military related employment are discussed and quantitatively presented in "The History of Military and Military Related Economic Impacts in San Antonio, Texas". 17. Economic Develop, in San Antonio p.l. V EOI 55 r History of Military and Military-Related Economic Impacts in San Antonio, Texas San Antonio's SMSA grew rapidly from 1950 to 1970. In that period, the median family income for San Antonio's SMSA grew 188%. However, it grew even more rapidly for the State (217%) and Nation (221%). A major portion of San Antonio's growth from 1940 to 1965 was accounted for by the rapid increase in military related employment. Other basic exporting industries (with the exception of tourism) failed to keep up with this growth. There fore, today, San Antonio's non-military economic base industry corresponds to that of a typical community with a population of little over 50% of San Antonio's actual 1970 U.S. Census count.* Comparing San Antonio to other SMSA's by ranking also reflects the significance of the city's economic problems. The most current statistics reported in the 1975 Statistical Abstract of the USA rank San Antonio's SMSA as 37th out of 165 in total pop ulation, but San Antonio fell dramatically to 154 out of 165 SMSA's when ranked by median income. Wages are kept low in San Antonio for various reasons. Two important ones r, are the large illegal alien labor force and the large military and ex- CO military population. The illegal aliens take many unskilled jobs at s^r^ ^1 low wages. Some active military people take part-time jobs at low wages to o supplement their incomes. However, the greatest impact from the military on the low wage scale comes from retirees taking jobs and not demanding high wages, due to the Military pensions that they receive. An example of E the low wage rates paid in San Antonio is found in the area of manufacturing. The average manufacturing weekly wage was $138.94 in December, 1974 and that was the third lowest among Texas cities. Low wage rates forced 158,957 of San Antonio/Bexar County's total population of 830,460 into the below poverty o level income bracket, according to 1970 U.S. Census data. Skidmore, Owings, Merrill, Marshall Kaplan, Gans and Kahn, San Antonio River Corridor Study, "Manpower Development Concepts", Nov. 28, 1972, mimeo graphed report. E02 56 San Antonio's heavy reliance on military and military related employment is reflected in Table I, Military and Civilian Personnel/Payroll for Fiscal Year Ending June, 1975. As a result of San Antonio's military payroll, the total of local purchases made by the military in 1975 was $165,043,123, and the total economic impact of the military was $1.2 billion. San Antonio's military and civilian (military related) employment constituted about 22% of all wage earners and salaried personnel in the City in 1975. Today, the growth potential of the military sector is exhausted and actual declines have occurred with more to come over the short and long run. Table II shows the declines as reported from 1965 to 1975. V E02 57 ~^ Table I Military & Civilian Personnel/Payroll Fiscal Year Ending June, 1975 . Personnel Payroll Mi 1i tary 41,237 $444,891,871 Civilian (at military bases) TOTAL 33,313 $427,163,742 74,550 $872,055,613 C o Q. Table II > 1 Military Civilian Yea rly + % of Total o Si Year Personnel Personnel Total Strength Strenath c 1967 56,196 39,432 +4.64 95,628 1968 52,385 39,364 -4.05 91,749 D 1969 55,957 39,631 +4.18 95,588 >^ 1970 54,970 36,999 -3.79 91,969 1971 49,867 35,484 -7.2 85,351 D 1972 46,278 34,216 -5.69 80,494 1973 46,553 34,956 +1.26 81,509 1974 43,823 33,774 -4,79 77,602 1975 41,237 33,313 -3.93 74,550 E03 .Ak 58 FIGURE 18 MILITARY DISTRICTS KEY 1 Kelly AFB 2 Lackland AFB 3 Brooks AFB 4 Ft. Sam Houston Army 5 Randolph AFB 6 Camp Bullis Army E03 59 MILITARY DISTRICTS STuOT *»r> (CO** COUNTTI Mi 1 1 tary Ai rprort Overlay District 1 and 2 Figure 18 E03 60 r SMSA EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS PERCENT OF TOTAl. EMPLOYME.NT BY YEAR t Of « of % of % of 1983 T.E. 1990 T.E. 1995 T.E. 2000 T.E. SIC CATEGORY Acriculture 5,157 .0123 4,571 .0096 4,246 .0083 4,003 .0073 ti.iar.ca, insura.Tce a.nd Real Estate 27,254 .0650 31,899 .0670 34,734 .0679 37,620 .0686 Minma 1,342 .0032 952 .0020 767 .0015 603 .0011 Trar. sccrtation 9,519 .0227 9,855 .0207 10 ,180 .0199 10 ,474 .0191 Cc.Tjniir.icac ion cir.d L'tLlities 6.334 .0163 8,094 .0170 8,951 .01-3 9,652 .0176 Manfacturina 52,-46 . 1258 59 ,2-5 .12 4 5 63,°42 .1250 69,093 .1260 in Construction 27,715 .0661 31,852 .0669 34,376 .0672 36,688 .0669 oa Me i 1 cal/?rof03 3lonal 43 ,270 . 1032 53,229 . 1118 59,084 .1155 65 .094 .1137 I mmmm Pnfessicnal Servlco^' 30 , 366 .0729 34 ,042 .0715 36,219 .0708 38,497 .0702 '•O- -, \ ,-" 5 1 1 •= 24 ,696 .059<> 29.566 .0600 30 ,949 .0605 33,397 .060'^ ?etiLl. -1 ,489 .1705 91,414 . 1713 86,912 .1699 Q7 404 .1685 o StJtO/ICCil GO"t. 59,974 . 1423 73,992 .1552 92,257 .16 0 9 90 , 650 .1653 a. F3ceral Gc.-t. 45 , 367 . loe: 44, 135 .0927 43,891 .0853 a: , 372 .0900 Pr•-••^te Ho'isehold 13,459 .0321 14 ,331 .0301 15,142 .0296 16 ,342 .0299 TOTAL IMPLOYMEIJT 419,287 =•1.00 476,107 = 1.00 511,550 =•1.00 543,394 -1.00 0) E OL E CD V E04 61 r TABLE I. PROJECTED INDUSTRIAL ACREAGES NEEDED FOR BEXAR COUNTY TO THE YEAR 2C00 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL NUMBER OF CATEGORY CUVSSIFICATION CODE ACRES MA; Lumber 24 63.49 Furniture 25 62.85 Stone. Clay, Glass 32 570.55 Primary Metals 33 79.92 Fabricated Metals 34 241.35 Machinery 35 175.09 Trans. Equip. 37. 840.03 Other Durable - 121.47 Food & Kindred 20 121.47 Textiles 22 170.66 in Apparel 23 122.17 Paper 26 9.42 Printing 27 50.07 T5 29.16 Chemicals 28 CD Petroleum 29 0 -•— Leather 31 3.51 O Other Non-Durable - 0 TOTAL MAJNUFACTURING 2,661.21 V E05 62 NON-MFG. INDUSTRIAL SITES Wholesale 50 1,183.20 Construction 15-17 1,492.10 Transportation 40-47 204.70 Communications 48 256.40 Utilities 49 28.50 TOTAL NON-MFG. 3,164.90 INDUSTRY SITE TOTAL 5.825.11 (Amt. to be alio (MFG. & NON-MFG.) cated In this study.) NON-MFG. OFFICE SITES F.I.R.E. 60-67 130.06 Medical & Prof. 80-86,89 295.39 Business & Personal Ser. 70-79 124.08 TOTAL OFFICE 549.53 6.375.64 GRAND TOTAL -n-t V J EC: 63 IWPl/STRIAL PARICS \H SAM AWTOWIO r (AA 0^ JjMMdi//, J976) ~^ ZumutoXXxxL PeAc^n- To tat AvoUabl^ Available. iage. Uama o(^ InduAtAJat Tank Acreage Aamaqz Acreage Vcvdlopzd Aifipant IndiutA-iat Pa/ik )0 0 0 100 Papc. liidnAtfLiat POAII 42 0 0 100 P(!AA.in-BQAXct IndtL^tKiat CenteA 10 0 0 100 WeAt ludustAiat PoAk 29 0 0 100 Choio Indu^tAlai POAII I 27 5 5 8/ Bcrtco)! CiAcZt B(tiX*je44 Pahk 6i 15 20 78 rxpieiiway Indai^Uiiat POAII 60 13.2 33.2 78 Tfiadt6man hlo^tii Jndn^tAiaZ PoAk 230 . 56 S9.20 76 Vaiigiian lndii6tA.lai Subdivision 50 17 106.20 66 Bttioie^i PoAk 35 4i2 UO 286.20 63 U/c'to Point Bu^oicii Pa^k 4) J5 30J.20 63 Alii ten n<'f)/uoaj/ India txiat Pahk 66 2« 329.20 58 Eatttioood Jndu6tAiat POAII 97 43.5« 372.78 55 Viitto Wj/e Iiu/n.itAta£ P(iAfe 24 12 384.78 50 WtC^oto Sp'Ling^ Indu^tAlot PoAk 2&.90 15.92 400.70 45 San Antonio lndu!,tA.iat POAII 27.IE 15.59 416.29 43 Bn-uadioaij Btii^'jici^ PoAk 38 25 441.29 34 MaaoijdoaheJi IndufiVuat PoAk 20 N 455.29 30 Van Vt mttd hidu6tA-iat PoAk 45 35 490.29 22 SunQOtiL CentOA 6u4(HC44 PoAk 36 30 520.29 16.6 (i/c'tdncA Road Jndu^tAiat POAII 30 25.5 545.79 15 410 Fait IndiatAiat Pa'ik 122.49 113 658.79 8 Ifvi Countij 'lndu;>tAiat PoAk 301 285.95 944.74 5 MofitluocAt IndiatA-iat Pank 155 147.50 1,092.24 4.i D Southca,st India tALot Pank 2i6 276 1,36&.24 3.5 *35 South BuAtJicii S IndiatAiot C^nteA 56 56 1,424.24 0 *Soutliaat>t India tAiat CentcA 202 202 1,626.24 0 Int^iahanQe. Eo.it Indiat^oi PoAk 69 69 1,695.24 0 *CAOH) IndtaVUot POAII 71 55 55 1,750.24 0 in H\id loop Bast IndustAiot PoAk 25 25 1,775.24 0 *li}oodtolnL Indiatn^iat POAII 572 572 2,347.24 0 X5 .5 TOTALS 3,304.57 2.347.24 27.85 /cA Peue^opnietit E06 64 y ECONoivlK^ • DEVELOPMENT AREA;: I CITY OF.SAN AMTOMIOr--—^-^->^73 " \ -\. . , • * ';{'."« 1 MISSION , v \ ^ • ,^ ' > ' \ / ' •'' ^1 • : '' • J PARKWAY O- • >»— — ED> FUNDING /;/ / i\ >^r . I ^"J V\ ^ • "> »\ -. \ ARE\ BOUNORY >' ^ f T "—«* \ V '^ ' *' ) ^^ LOO* •«. ^ /r-1 y ,.v V y E06 65 g o oin 66 r TABLE A Bexar County Projections Original Projections Year Revised Projections *830.460 1970 *830,460 904,089 1975 896,785 985,681 1980 962,084 1,067.837 1985 1,029,522 1.146,470 1990 1,092,037 1,222.863 1995 1,147,136 1,298,614 2000 1,198,319 TABLE B San Antonio Projections Year Revised Projections *654.153 1970 *654,153 791,370 1975 772,719 866,929 1980 846,153 940,625 1985 906,906 1,012,824 1990 964,705 o 1,087,170 1995 1,019,804 1,159,766 2000 1,070,219 Q. *U.S. Census Figures O Q. V FOl 67 r 1^ " I o / I 1 z t 1 m 1 o 1 1 I- 1 o 1 UJ / 1 o —) / !i / / / o _l / 3 / Q. / 0. / / o 1 or Ld a. / / oo < / t <7) UJ UJ 1 < _j 1 >- 1 < 1 / 1 UJ 1 1 O >- / 1 OO 1 / 1 1 o 1 o / 1 > 1 I- o i 1 1 1 UJ 1 m U. / X / / CD '• / < If) o O IT) lO O o ID o m 00 o o lO o CO Z 01 Z 31Vd Ainiid3d I V FOl 68 z / < < o o (£ Ul Ul < < o ^ O 5»^ O X o -I yo -1 UJ <_I Zo UJ_x ! X ro / '• \ / / < 1 CD < / / / 1 1 / / \ \ X / / \ 1 / / UJ / 1 / \ CD 1 / \ / / \ BI R •\ \\ Q \\ Q •\ \\ \\ Z \\ T^' < \\ \ 1 1 CD CO X \ / \ I 1 1 / \ \ \ j 1 1 i 1 Ci3 IT) o If) O iD O o 2) "9 ro fO (VJ CM NoiivnndOd nviOi oooi d3d ON V FOl 69 TABLE C Total Net Migration Projections Bexar County. 1970-2000 Net Migration as % of Popula- Period Net Migrants tion Increase 1970-75 9,410 14.2 1975-80 10.510 16.1 1980-85 10,600 15.7 1985-90 11,770 18.8 1990-95 14,850 27.0 1995-2000 17,100 33.4 TABLE D SUMMARY OF TOTAL POPULATION ESTIMATES (1970-2000) Year Bexar County San Antonio 1970 830,460 654.153 1975 896,785 772,719 1980 962,084 846,153 1985 1,029,522 906,906 1990 1,092,037 964,705 1995 1,147,136 1,019,804 2000 1.198,319 1,070,219 V y FOl 70 BEXAR COUNTY / - TABLE E A POPULATION ESTIMATES 1970 - 2000 BY AGE AND SEX (REVISED) 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Male 0-4 yrs. 39.681 43.224 44,012 47.047 46.042 42.933 42,023 5-9 46.149 37.881 41,271 42.531 45,401 44,553 41,313 10-14 47.375 47,344 38,997 41,979 42,246 45.709 44,354 15-19 48,519 51,156 50.515 41,541 44,879 45.436 48,014 20-24 41.440 51,665 54.689 52,933 44,596 47,428 47,813 25-29 26,370 37,901 50,159 53,564 51,631 43,951 46,966 30-34 21,379 23,535 36,574 48.335 51,634 50,289 43,302 35-39 21,891 21,464 23,920 37,087 48.198 51,628 50,508 40-44 21,385 21,931 20,401 23.158 36,526 47,145 51,276 45-49 22.017 20,962 20,377 19,363 22,122 34,772 45,905 50-54 18,958 21,719 20,038 19,363 18,511 21,143 33.722 55-59 15.423 17,961 20.711 19,250 18,659 18,039 19,978 60-64 12.932 14,267 16,784 19,519 18,321 17.789 18,220 65-69 9,530 11.137 12,738 15.171 17.539 16,734 16,754 70-74 6,793 7,976 9.204 10,641 12,700 14,660 13,895 75-79 4,537 5.454 6,141 7,104 8,305 9,768 11,193 80- 3.947 4.470 5,260 5,652 6,649 7,650 8,748 Sub-Total 408,326 440.047 471.791 504,238 533,959 559,627 583,984 Female 0-4 yrs. 38,525 41.964 42.728 45,676 44,699 41,682 40,798 5-9 44.585 36.682 40,094 41,334 43.907 43,007 39,703 10-14 45,909 45.739 37,643 40,818 41.166 44,084 43,676 15-19 41,360 46.809 46,339 37,914 41,735 42,513 45.777 20-24 36.397 42,384 48,020 47.812 39,838 44,440 45,506 25-29 27,807 37.298 43,477 49,387 49,570 41,870 46,619 30-34 23,853 28,312 37,771 43.673 49,787 49,320 41,065 35-39 23.694 24.427 28.330 37,713 43.700 49,108 49.085 40-44 24,697 23,985 24.582 28,281 37,213 42,430 48,552 45-49 25,224 24,872 24,190 24,871 28,407 37,376 41 ,853 50-54 19,778 25,086 24,663 24,066 24,755 28,552 36,362 55-59 17,270 19,090 24,803 24,684 23.936 24,768 28,645 60-64 15,426 16,882 18.660 24,124 24,383 23,939 25,201 65-69 12,866 14.238 15,578 17,230 22,573 23,572 23,070 70-74 10,132 11,905 13,035 14,178 15,835 20,740 21,576 75-79 7,152 8,491 10,147 11,052 12,160 13.721 18,114 80- 7,459 8,574 10.233 12,471 14,414 16,387 18,733 Sub-Total 422.134 456,738 490,293 525,284 558,078 587,509 614,335 FOl /I / TOTAL 0-4 yrs. 78,206 85,188 86,740 92,723 90,741 84,615 82,821 5-9 90,734 74,563 81,365 83,865 89,308 87,560 81,016 10-14 93,284 93,083 76,640 82,797 33,412 89,793 88,030 15-19 89,879 97.965 96,854 79,455 86,614 87,949 93,791 20-24 77,837 94.049 102,709 100,745 84,434 91,868 93,319 25-29 54,177 75,199 93,636 102.951 101,201 85,821 93,585 30-34 45,232 51,847 74,345 92,008 101,421 99,609 84.367 35-39 45,585 45,891 52,250 74,800 91,898 100,736 99,593 40-44 46,082 45.916 44.983 51 ,439 73,739 89,575 99,828 45-49 47,241 45.834 44.567 44,234 50,529 72,148 87.758 50-54 38,736 46,805 44,701 43,429 43,266 49,695 70,084 55-59 32.693 37,051 45,514 43,934 42,595 42.807 48,623 60-64 28,358 31,149 35,444 43,643 42,704 41,728 43,421 65-69 22,396 25,375 28,316 32,401 40,112 40,306 39.824 70-74 16.925 19,881 22,239 24,819 28,535 35,400 35,471 75-79 11,689 13,946 16,288 18,156 20.465 23,489 29,307 80- 11 ,406 13,044 15,493 18,123 21,063 24,037 27,481 Total Population 830,460 896,785 962,084 1 ,029,522 1,092,037 1,147,136 1,198,319 FOl 72 TABLE F / ESTIMATED TOTAL POPULATION FOR BEXAR COUNTY AND SAN ANTONIO, 1975-76 Cit y of Date Bexar County San Antonio 1/ April 1970 830,460 654 ,153 April 1971 843,725 661 ,062 Apr 1972 856,990 667 ,925 Apr 1973 870,255 749 ,545 2/ Apri 1 1974 883,520 761 ,173 3/ April 1975 896,785 772 ,719 4/ May 1, 1975 897,873 773 ,943 June 1, 1975 898,962 775 ,169 July 1, 1975 900,050 776 ,390 August 1, 1975 901,138 777 ,614 September 1, 1975 902,227 778 ,838 October 1, 1975 903,315 780 ,062 November 1, 1975 904,403 781 ,286 December 1, 1975 905,491 782 ,510 January 1, 1976 906,580 783 ,733 February 1, 1976 907,668 784 ,957 March 1, 1976 908.756 786 ,181 April 1, 1976 909.845 787, 405 5/ Official 1970 U.S. Census figures. Includes population of 74,734 annexed December 26, 1972. Includes small annexations of 1973-74. Includes small annexation of 1974-75. i/ Assumes no major annexations during 1975-76. Source: Planning and Community Development Department June. 1975 FOJ t I i ( TABLE G BIRTHS TO 5iA N ANTONIO AND BEXAR COUNTY RESIDENTS, BY RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP, 1950-74 SAN ANTONIO Year Total Mexican -Amer. Black!/ Anglo Number Ratet/ Number Ratei/ Number Ratei/ Number Ratei/ 1950 13,285 32.5 6,738 42.0 933 31.7 5,614 25.6 1951 13,734 32.9 7,151 43.6 845 29.1 5,738 25.5 1952 14,093 32.8 7,355 43.5 976 32.5 5,762 24.9 1953 14,431 32.4 7,555 43.4 1 ,075 34.7 5,801 24.2 1954 14,672 32.2 7,922 44.8 1,074 35.5 5,676 23.1 1955 15,689 30.5 8,260 43.5 1,178 34.6 6,251 21.5 1956 16,041 30.6 8,746 44.9 1.178 34.6 6,117 20.7 1957 16,721 30.8 8,831 41.3 1,320 33.8 6,570 22.7 1958 16,339 29.2 8,664 39.3 1,220 30.2 6,455 21.6 1959 16,114 27.7 8,781 38.2 1,258 30.0 6,075 19.5 1960 15.946 27.1 8,952 36.7 1,208 27.9 5,786 19.2 1961 15,927 26.8 9,070 35.8 1,244 27.9 5,613 18.9 1962 16,007 26.6 9,257 35.2 1,141 24.9 5,609 19.2 1963 15,396 25.3 9.037 33.1 1,137 24.1 5,222 18.2 1964 15,065 24.5 8,962 31.7 1,174 24.2 4,929 17.4 1965 14,044 22.6 8,419 28.8 1.190 23.9 4,435 15.9 1966 14,131 22.5 8,099 26.8 1 ,106 21.6 4,926 18.0 1967 14,273 22.5 8,121 26.0 1,159 22.1 4,993 18.5 1968 14,231 22.2 8,491 26.4 1,000 18.6 4,740 17.9 1969 15,085 23.3 8,935 26.9 1,095 19.9 5,055 19.4 20.7 1970 15,616 23.9 9,381 27.5 1,168 5,067 19.8 1971 15,634 23.6 9,811 28.1 1,218 21.1 4,605 18.1 1972 14,743 22.1 9,388 26.3 1,109 18.8 4,246 16.8 1973 15,123 20.0 9,396 24.5 1,143 17.4 4,584 15.1 1974 14,731 19.3 9,234 23.5 1,060 15.8 4,437 14.6 FOl fcfe 74 BEXAR COUNTY 1966 16,315 21.1 8,587 26.1 1,168 20.0 6,560 17.0 1967 16,427 20.9 8,620 25.3 1,225 20.4 6,582 17.0 1968 16.893 21.1 9,061 25.7 1,071 17. .3 6,761 17.4 1969 18,153 22.2 9,547 26.2 1,188 18. .6 7,418 19.1 1970 18,913 22.8 10,063 26.8 1,294 19. .7 7,556 19.4 1971 19,095 22.6 10,686 27.5 1,399 20. ,7 7,010 18.0 1972 18,021 20.9 10,180 25. 5 1.297 18. ,7 6,544 16.7 1973 17,228 19.6 9,882 23. .9 1,300 18.2 6,046 15.3 1974 16,888 19.0 9,684 23. 0 1,204 16.6 6,000 15.2 ]_/ Includes "Other Non-White." 2/ Annual number of live births per 1,000 total population. Source: Metropolitan Health District Comprehensive Planning Division y FO / J / TABLE H DEATHS TO SAN ANTONIO AND BEXAR COUNTY RESIDENTS, BY RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP, 1950 -74 SAN ANTONIO Year Total Mexican -Amer. Blackl^ Anglo Number Rate=^ Number Rate i/ Number Ratai/ Number Ratei/ 1950 3,238 7.9 1 ,276 8.0 276 9.4 1,681 7.7 1951 3,426 8.2 1 ,352 8.2 311 10. "-^ 1 ,758 7.8 1952 3,239 7.5 1 ,267 7.5 356 12 .9 1,616 7 .0 1953 3,291 7.2 1 ,261 7.2 352 11.4 1,678 7.0 1954 3,316 7.3 1 ,258 7.1 313 9.8 1 ,745 7.1 1955 3,622 7.0 1 ,314 6.9 361 10.6 1 ,947 6.7 1956 3,726 7.1 1,300 6.7 338 9.9 2,038 7.1 1957 4,145 7.6 1,462 6.8 444 11.4 2.239 7.7 1958 4,088 7.3 1,362 6.2 379 9.4 2,347 7.8 1959 4,004 6.9 1,362 5.9 404 9.6 2,238 7.2 1960 4,186 7.1 1,467 6.0 426 9.9 2,293 7.6 1961 4,320 7.3 1 ,454 5.7 423 9.5 2,443 8.2 1 1962 4,456 7.4 1 ,488 5.7 493 10.7 2,475 8.5 1963 4,404 7.2 1,519 5.6 464 9.8 2,421 8.4 1964 4,362 7.1 1,473 5.2 476 9.8 2,413 8.5 10.0 1955 4,437 7.1 1 ,465 5.0 497 2,475 8.9 1966 4,758 7.6 1 ,582 5.2 505 9.9 2,671 9.7 1967 4,765 7.5 1 ,638 5.2 525 10.0 2,602 9.6 1968 4,952 7.7 1,739 5.4 521 9.7 2,692 10.1 1969 4,882 7.5 1 ,686 5.1 532 9.7 2,664 10.2 2,649 10.3 1970 4,911 7.5 1,788 5.2 474 8.4 1971 4,975 7.5 1,783 5.1 504 8.7 2,688 10.6 1972 5,166 7.7 1 ,863 5.2 493 8.3 2,810 11.1 1973 5,676 7.5 2,031 5.3 543 8.3 3,102 10.2 1974 5,419 7.0 2,942 7.5 571 8.5 1 ,906 6.3 FOl 76 BEXAR COUNTY 1966 5,343 6.9 1,668 5.1 523 9.0 3,152 8.2 1967 5,430 6.9 1,724 5.1 542 9.0 3.164 8.2 1968 5,585 7.0 1,833 5.2 534 8.6 3.218 8.3 1969 5,614 6.9 1,788 4.9 548 8.6 3,278 8.4 1970 5,667 6.8 1,892 5.0 494 7.5 3,281 8.4 1971 5,792 6.8 1,877 4.8 527 7.8 3,388 8.7 1972 5,980 6.9 1,971 4.9 518 7.5 3,491 8.9 1973 6,394 7.3 2,116 5.1 567 7.9 3,711 9.4 1974 6,149 6.9 3,558 8.4 590 8.1 2,001 5.1 1/ Includes "Other Non-White". y Annual number of deaths per 1,000 total popu lation Source: Metropolitan Health District Comprehensive Planning Division J FO 77 / A TABLE I BEXAR COUNTY RACIAL/ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION , MEXICAN- ANGLO- 2 YEAR TOTAL AMERICAN AMERICAN NON-WHITE 1950 500,460 176,877 290,353 33,230 1960 687,151 257,090 382,666 47,395 1961 701,491 268,982 383,276 49,233 1962 715,822 280,876 383,893 51,053 1963 730,152 292,770 384,509 52,873 1964 744,483 304,664 385,126 54,693 1965 758,813 316,558 385,743 56,512 1966 773,144 328,452 386,360 58,332 1967 787,474 340,346 386,976 60,152 1968 801 ,803 352,240 387,591 61,972 1969 816,133 364,134 388,207 63,792 1970 830,460 375,027 388,822 65,611 1971 3/ 843,725 387,066 389,377 67,282 1972 3/ 856,990 398,057 389,986 68,947 1973 3/ 870,255 409,027 390,615 70,613 1974 3/ 883,520 419,978 391,276 72,266 1975 3/ 896,785 430,913 391,749 74,123 V As of April 1 of each year. 2/ Includes: Black, other Non-White, and not otherwise reported. 3/ Estimates based an official forecasts and extrapolation of 1950-70 trends. Prepared by: Planning & Community Development Dept City of San Antonio February, 1975 FOl 78 / TABLE J CITY OF SAN ANTONIO RACIAL/ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION MEXICAN- ANGLO- YEAR y TOTAL AMERICAN AMERICAN NON-WHITE-/ 1950 408,442 160,420 218,677 29,345 1960 587,718 243,627 300,870 43,221 1961 594,362 253,398 296,422 44,542 1962 601,005 263,168 291,974 45,863 1963 607,649 272,939 287,526 47,184 1964 614,292 282,709 283,078 48,505 1965 620,936 292,480 278,630 49,826 1966 627,579 302,250 274,182 51,147 1967 634,223 312,021 269,734 52,468 1968 640,866 321,791 265,286 53,789 1969 647,510 331,562 260,838 55,110 1970 654,153 341,333 256,390 56,430 19713/ 661,062 348,839 254,472 57,751 19721/ 667,925 356,345 252,508 59,072 19731/ 749,545 381 ,850 i/ 302,362 4/ 65,3331/ 19741/ 761,173 391 ,136 303,286 66,751 19753/ 772,719 5/ 400,121 5/ 304,323 5/ 68,2755/ As of April 1 of each year. Includes: Black, other Non-White, and not otherwise reported. 1/ Estimates based on official forecasts and extrapolation of 1950-70 trends. 4/ Based on an estimated racial/ethnic composition of the areas annexed in 1972: 25% Mexican-American 70% Anglo-American 5% Non-White 5/ Includes 1974 Annexations Prepared by; Planning & Community Development Dept. City of San Antonio February, 1975 FOl 79 / TABLE K Fertility Rate Projections to 2000 National National Bexar Bexar Census Census Series Series Year Series D Series E L-2 L-4 1960 1/ 119.2 119.2 138.6 138.6 1965 y 97.6 97.6 109.6 109.6 1970 y 88.0 88.0 106.4 106.4 1975 83.4 79.5 102.5 84.7 1980 84.1 78.1 98.0 82.9 1985 85.2 75.8 94.4 81.4 1990 82.8 71.3 92.0 76.3 1995 80.2 68.3 89.6 71.7 2000 79.5 68.3 85.2 71.5 y Actual General Fertility Rates Source: U.S. Census Bureau Comprehensive Planning Division V / DOWMTOWN FUNCTIONAL DISTRICTS ciRutaltan knk vtoitBr oervUs AAvKst/nBtaii 80 Socio-Economics and Density Economy Tract 1101 Population Section 1100: 35,411 Tract 1101 3,051* Population change 1970-1960 - 33.7% Spanish Population 71.2% Negro Population 7.8% in Housing Value of housing units 10 units in 1100 1 - 8000 in 7 - 8000 - 12,999 O E 2 - 13,000 - 17,999 o Housing Units - Renter Occupied 15,024 total o 10,536 I 70.1% renter occupied o Housing Units Without Auto Ten tracts in 1100 O o 2 - 200,349 in 3 - 350,499 5 - Over 500 V F02 81 / Income below poverty level - 7,963 families 2,976 below level 37.4% Employment Total labor force - 12,600 Unemployment - 925 7 . 3% CBD Workers - 2,399 19.6% Workers who Drive - 5,206 43.7% Workers who Ride - 2193 - 18.4% 82 •^ census *Tract 1101 (site location) compared to Bexar County. Tract 1101 Bexar County Total Pop. 3,275 830,460 Anglo's 1,595 or 48.7% 395,717 or 47.6% Latin 1,492 or 45.6% 369,093 or 44.4% Negro 139 or 4.2% 56,622 or 8.8% Other (non white) 49 or 1.5% 9,028 or 1.2% Medium Family Income 5,435 8,045 Medium School Years 9.4 11.6 *Based on 1970 Census in 13 (/> o V F03 83 \^ F03 84 (D D 85 r "^ THE HUMAN ELEMENT Man is the main concern for architecture. Therefore architecture is design for man. Through the ages, and as architecture historically dictates; as man advanced and improved, so did his architecture, This is particularly evident when one views man and architecture since the industrial age. Never in the history of mankind has man and architecture advanced at such a rapid rate. The future shows a continuing of this pace. However, with the advancement came decline, c polution, poverty, crime, social disorder; all of these ailments and others have not only continued E to plague man, but they have increased in enormity. c These problems are complex and are not easy to o combat. Therefore, man in the future must consider E 13 the effects which can be caused by a creation of his. He must consider and plan for as many aspects and circumstances as possible. In this way he can grasp his problem with more understanding. V GOl r 86 Designing for man is a difficult task. The designer must also view all factors which influence man's actions and needs. Thus the designer must view man as a part of a huge system of interelated parts; each influenced and to a degree, by one another. He must design to fit man, but also to fit into his needs. The task of desinging for man is currently a difficult one because man is changing constantly. He is always becoming increasingly mobile, dependent upon society and its services and concerned with life itself. Therefore as stated earlier as man changes so must his architecture. V GOl 87 MAN IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Man must design spaces for himself. There are basic requirements, spatial requirements, for all levels of life. These spaces include: Visual - sight Auditory - speech/hearing Olfactory - smell Thermal - hot to cold Tactile - perceptive Intimate - close contact Personal - self E Public - shared p Fixed Feature - permanent Semi-Fixed Feature - less permanent All these are experiences that man is capable of 20 receiving and analyzing. 20. The Hidden Dimension, 1969. pp42,45,54,60, E 65,103-111. V G02 ^g":^-^-" 88 There is also a distant relationship that is vital for design. They are: Intimate - close phase 0"-6" Far phase 6"-18" Personal - Close 1-1/2'-2-1/2' Far 2-1/2' - 4' Social - Close 4'-7' Far 7'-12' Public - Close 12'-25' Far Over 25' ^"'" 21. Ibid, pp 116-125 Goa 89 HEIRACHY OF URBAN SPACES Urban Public - Facilities in public ownership: highways, roads, paths, urban parks. Urban Semi-Public - Public use under government in institutional controls; city halls, courts of justice, public schools, poet offices, hospitals, transportation exchanges, parking lots, stadiums, theaters. in Group Public - Meeting grounds between public o o services and utilities, private property requiring joint access and responsi bility; garbage collection, utilities control, access for fire fighting and emergency vehicles. Group Private - Secondary areas under control of management acting on behalf of private or public interest for legal occupants; reception, circulation, service spaces, community gardens, playgrounds, laundries, storage. G03 90 r Family Private - Private domain controlled by single family; eating, hygene, sleeping, communal. Individual - "Ones own room to do his own thing" G03 iMM program 92 (D O O CO 93 DEGREES OF CONCERN Due to the vast scale of the project, a systematic approach to the project scope must be recognized. In order to concentrate maximum effort into creating the most complete and efficient solution possible, the scope has been subdivided into three degrees of concern: general, intermediate and specific. Recognizing these concerns, the scope of the project is as follows: (See Figure 21) 0) o c: o o 0) J HOI ij«&. •..x-.-i::sci^-. 94 /• General Concern: Though important to the project due to influence, these concerns do not warrant detailed investigation they are to be considered in a general manner and presented as suggestive proposals. The general concerns are: * The restoration/renovation of historical structures located on or near site and the renovation of decaying facades upon desirable buidlings along site. * Design compatability with proposed circulations patterns, along with proposed projects which influence or are influenced by this project. * Commercial space breakdown. (D cn ^H02 95 / Intermediate Concern These concerns influenced the project to a larger degree than those in general concern, yet they also warrant no more investigation than that of a suggestive proposal. They are: 1. Development of street level river loop bend. 2. Development of river level B - through bend. J H03 96 / specific Concern This is the heart of this thesis project. A large majority of time will be given to these concerns they are: 1. The architectural design of an under ground system connecting the basements of proposed and existing building. 2. The Architectural design of public spaces which will serve as transition areas between the mall and the city spaces along the river. 3. The design of a street level pedestrian oriented area along Presa Street. o o Q. in H04 97 r specific interrrnediote? O generai Rgure H04 (7) - - 98 o o o V J JOI 99 4o 4£*^'V) 4» ^,4- J JOI 100 fcENTRAL:i.GlT^ ['^'STm^M^ \] V Ar "r* -L_ SN ~—'f-^-^s^ I •" • ' ^ ;r=^ .X. , 1 .. i- -J c _j .^ ^06^°°"^' .4 % :E^TI I Figure 24 JOI <"- JOI 102 JOI ^^^•ouiaHta 103 / SITE LOCATION The site for this thesis project is Presa Street (which runs north and south) from river walk to river walk. The site also extents in an east-west direction covering one block in either direction, along (from north to south)Crockett St., Commerce St., and Market Street. This covers a 7 block area and includes about 1/2 of river bend area. See Figure 24, 25 J JOI 104 in oCD f c a c, CD X CD J02 mn^ggg^f.^^^.^,^^ 105 EWSTING EXPRESSWAY SYSTEM »P««o Figure 27 y J02 r 106 Source: Traffic and Transportation Department Date: September, 1973 HI <•!•*• COU1TT) EXISTING RAILROAD PROPOSED RAILROAD RELOCATION CORRIDOR Figure 28 J02 107 NOISE EXPOSIIRF; R)RECAST ZnNLS MAP III DATE: JUNE 1972 Source: Planning and Comnunity Development Department •J. .5 J02 108 r FLOOD PROf€ AfeS Source: U.S. Corpg of Engineers/ San Antonio River Authority/ Soil Conservation Service \ Flood Plain (100 year frequency) (100 year frequency) SARA Channel Improvements Projects ITUOT k»Ct / '(•t J 02 110 in in 2^ o a CD (75 J 03 111 ( WATER ^ distanbe ^orrTTprj /\ no. of sWvice.'ii^s ft SC:r'-200' Y^ note: \ \ ^ Figure 32 ^l^y JQJ ^LJ:\ 112 ( i W0^ sewei\ iinfe/ -•— directidti of flow @ depth irvsfeeV; ft SCu"-20(^ Y^ note= \ \ Figure 33 JOS ' . . • V .- . / .•'• 113 / in O dist. fpn^pirop-liiie |fl:K /\ no. of $ervfpejiftej ^-^^ r~l pipe siz^B (in)^-^~ ft sc^ r«200 note: 3'to3.5^epV^ 320 c- rxjt vJLy Figure 34 J 03 114 f ELECTRIC l!1 W"i ^^ elecitriclip^: mcnhoJes O depth C(^ppr ft sc: r«200 note = Figure 35 J 03 ' '-•" 115 J03 116 I J03 117 J ft SCU"«200' 320 Figure 38 ® J03 118 r J 03 r ^ -M -.^ 119 / ft scr'«2oo' ^ir^ 320 Figure 40 ^^ J03 120 1 «•:•::.«- light mm moderdte ^P heavy V J03 121 J 03 . ^- V \ -.-:-/ • 122 VISTAS ft sc^ i".2oo' ^ir^ 320 Figure 43 ^^ J03 123 r college st. UNPLEA^Al|^^EAS ft SC l"«200' Y^ 320 Figure 44 V]U>y J 03 --^ •—•'- f 124 ODflaR A fl SC^ l".20tf Y^ J03 i^mmM^^k f 125 P NOISE A l'';«,', •SI )| J03 ^ • ^ 126 / LANDSCAPID note- includes trees 320 Figure 47' ® J 03 '• —^—— ^ m^^^^ \.^' -•ST't^^ 127 f I college st. LAND USE •X M public © perking J03 128 / 320 Figure 49 VJL/ J 03 _i ^ \_^..-iji-•^»i r 129 in CD 5D o J04 130 / RIVER BEND ACTIVITY AREA EXISTING ESTABLISHMENTS on the Paseo del Rio Name/Type Size 1. Casa Rio/Mexican Food 300 seats 2. Schilo's/Delicatessen 120 seats 3. Royal Street Crossing/Crepes 200 seats 4. Bwana Dik/Night Club 500 seats 5. The Landing/Dixieland Jazz Club 320 seats 6. Stockman/Steak House 343 seats 7. Richardo's/Mexican Food/Club 250 seats 8. Kangaroo Court/Fish/Pub 213 seats 9. Greenhouse/Natural Food 70 seats 10. Calico Cat/Tea Room 85 seats 11. Caseys on the River/Bar B-Q 155 seats 12. La Paloma/Mexico City Food 245 seats • 13. Cafe Micalino/Italian Food 170 seats 14. Mai Tai/South Pacific Club 150 seats 15. Little Rhein/Steak House 250 seats 16. Fig Tree/Continental Cuisine 150 seats 3^2T TOTAL J Other Area Facilities 17. Luby's Cafeteria 18. El Poco Loco 19. Durty Nelly's 20. Hilton Palacio del Rio restaurants 21. River Square mini-mall of shops 22. Craft Shops 23. Art Gallerys 24. Contemprary Fashion Boutiques, etc. See Map —next page. V Figure 50A J04 131 J04 132 r DOWNTOWN SAN ANTONIO POINTS OF INTEREST DOWNTOWN MAT INOeX 1 Th« Alamo » C V^ Figure 51 y J04 133 r\ laH SCHOOL^- \'^^^.<^-y^y -y, y/.^ COONTY I -LJ__|^ YO«^|l ^Of^TWC ^^r^ --, --.tL- ' -, y ,f HISTORIC SITE >/ #/ / >, f^OER* •••-.. Jt,' HISTORIC WSTRICT A Vi \V<-- /y Wtl J.' -^—" _, j Figure ^^ ^S'i'!;)' X- J 04 .y^ *-v -^ K\ ^' 134 -^; •» t,' tj:;.-v -TJ-J-I li . |i I! I .- •• I''-,. >'-^=:^-i.N| J- ISPAIN ^LAZ^ •^//-Vc • /r './ <-,N/' ./ ^ \ \\\t * •^-. '--*•->' ' J) , , »\ Kii.»-^ WIUJAM^^ >^>J!--*, j l_l_— , 1 \ % CEhlTRAL CITY DISTf^lCr ^x ARCHITECTURALLY' .a / \ ^ HISTGRlCAlTDr- Sl6NfFlCANT •iaure537 J04 STRUCTUR^^ \X A ^•v a , £ 135 E yi ^CD ii a> o CL >^ JOS IfiH^HMN 136 CBD STREET LIGHTING •--4^-' . ^ ,'f » 1 ^« 1' coiiMfa L; OOLOBQS ^' , Xn CXIITINO INSTALUATIOM ^ tOI UNITS TO MSTALLCO ^ av OCT. ItTS TIMC CHANM New Lighting Downtown - Lights that are PROPOSED INNER lOOP ROUTE currently being installed are another ''- • OS opprovad in tha bond i*ioa/7» - , public action making the downtown more •'.'••. -' *' • ^ ' \ 1 attractive for everyone. This is a so dium vapor high-intensity, non-glare light, providing a brighter nighttime image ccmducive to a sense of security. Figure 54 Figure 5^ V. J05 137 r % I I PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT SURROUNDING SITE Figure 56 V J05 138 •i/M^anf THE LANDMARK f^m. ^ J- [JiT] Q^nOF m. o/SG^-y^^ n?nf PROPOSED 750 RM. HOTEL PASEO DEL RIO HOTEL r?) v./ / ^ CAS BLDi $^ CONV. CENTER PROPOSE! L PROPOSED 650 R^ 250 RM. HOTEL HOTEL :-cn^•rr:3 r INTERNATIONAL! TRADE CENTER }. >7\ //O MO"^E:LS LOCATION OF HOTELS AND MOTELS pjgure 57 'l^ ^ HOTELS J05 :^ 139 i' JOS 140 /: EXISTING TTW4Srr SYSTEM buaroutaa E in cin 2 V Figure 59 J06 141 J06 142 r "^ ZONING Currently all property within and around Site is zones "I" - Business District. Regulations are as follows: * Height Limitation 150 ft. additional height permitted by increasing setbacks. * Sideyard setback none except when abutting residential zone. * Front rear set back none * No parking requirement. In the near future, the city of San Antonio is planning to rezone the downtown CBD to be titled "B-4" CBD. This rezoning will affect all property on and surrounding site. As of this writing the zone has changed but is expected to in the very near future. Requirements are as follows: * No requirement for following front rear side yard a> setbacks heights or lot area minimum parking requirement. o IM The following is a definition of the "B-4" CBD, found in Section 42-75 of San Antonio zoning ordinance. Map shown B-4 zoning district. J07 143 B-4 Zoning District This district is composed of land and structures used to furnish in addition to all of the retail goods and services required by transients and by residents of the metropolitan area and of the trade area, certain wholesale and limiting manufacturing in support of the main uses. Located at the convergence of the principal thoroughfares and highways as well as transit lines, the central business district is surrounded generally by nonresidential and multi-family resident districts. The district regulations are designed to prevent further development and expansion at the district for its purpose, subject to limitations designed to prevent the further congestion of the area. It is intended that no other areas of the city will have this zoning classification. The rezoning of the CBD to B-4 permits townhouses and apartments to be developed along with commercial property. Plans are being made to amend the B-4 zone to include schools and the construction of city council approved parking lots. J 07 144 Building Codes Codes are in accordance with the Uniform Building Code. * Special use - egress by means of a ramp or an elevator must be provided for physically handicap, Access to secondary areas such as balconies, mezzanines may be by stairs only. * Fire construction Rating Concrete Structure 4 hr. Exterior Walls 4 hr. Interior Bearing Walls 3 hr. Partitions (permanent) 1 hr. Shaft Enclosures 2 hr. Floors 2 hr. in Roofs 2 hr. o Exterior Doors and o Windows 1 hr. * Exit doors Exit doors shall swing in direction of travel. Exit door shall be operable from the inside without use of key or prior knowledge or effort. JOS 145 / Exit door shall not be less than 3'0" wide and height of 6'8" in height. Exit doors shall be cable at open 90°. * Interior Stairs Not less than 44" wide. Rise shall not exceed 7-1/2", run shall not be less than 10". Width of treads and height of risers shall have identical dimension with tolerance of 1/4". * Ramps Same requirement as stairs for width. Shall not exceed slope of one to 10 * Exterior Stairs Noncombustible material. * Ventilation Mechanically operated ventilation system minimum of 5 cubic feet per minimum of outside air with a total circulation of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute. * Fire Protection Fire extinguishers y J08 146 y J08 147 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA S.A. The city of San Antonio is located in the south central portion of Texas. Northwest of the city the terrain slopes downward towards the gulf coastal plains. Soils are black land clay and silty loam on the plains and thin limestone soils on the Edwards Plateau. The location of San Antonio on the edge of the gulf coastal plains results in a modified subtropical climate, predominantly continental during the winter months and marine during the summer months. Normal mean temperatures range from 50.7 degrees in January to a high of 84.7 degrees in July. While the summer is hot, the daily maximum temperatures above 90 degrees over 80% of the time, extremely high temperatures are rare, the highest on record being 107 degrees. Mild weather prevails during much of the winter months, with below freezing temperatures occuring on an average of about 20 days each year. o San Antonio is situated between a semi-arid area to the west and the coastal area of heavy V J09 148 / precipitation of the southeast. The normal production of most crop is due to a normal production of annual rainfall at 27.54 inches. Precipitation is fairly well distributed throughout the year with the heaviest amounts during May in the spring and September in the fall. Precipitation from April through September usually occurs with thunderstorms, with fairly large amounts falling in short periods of time, while most of the winter precipitation occurs as light rain or drizzle. Thunderstorms and heavy rains have occured in all months of the year. Hail of damaging intensity seldom occurs, but light hail is frequent in connection with the springtime thunderstorms. Measureable snow occurs only once in 3 or 4 years with the greatest annual amount being 7.4 inches in 1926. Northerly winds prevail during most of the winter, while southeasterly winds from the gulf of Mexico prevail during the summertime, and may be experienced for long periods during the winter. Rather y J 09 dM 149 i 1.1, a^ <• •- I / Strongly northerly winds occur during the winter months in connection with northers. No tornados have been experienced in the immediate area. Being located only 140 miles from the gulf of Mexico; tropical storms occasionally affect the city with strong winds and heavy rains. The fastest mile per hour of wind recorded, 74 MPH, occured as a tropical storm moved inland east of the city in August 1942. Relative humidity averages above 80 percent during early morning hours most of the year, dropping to near 50 percent in late afternoon. San Antonio, popularly known as the place "where the sunshine spends the winter", has about 50% of the possible amount of sunshine during the winter months and more than 70% during summer months. Skies are clear more than 35% of the time and cloudy about 30 percent. Air carried over San Antonio by southeasterly winds is lifted orographically, causing low stratus clouds to develop frequently during the later part of the night. These J09 150 / clouds usually dissipate before noon with clear skies prevailing a high percentage of the time during the afternoon. J09 ^i'Atja 151 / Meteorological Data For The Current Year S4«1>OM fiH is't^i:, 'inJ lNT|tN*ri3"*n. iit»;«T CINTI Ta«>o»'»tu»fl 'f ^•at >««t«P « Mc^m I OfSfM OJVt Aaatagn t.ev'n Watt' attwi^a ^i V^ow lea aa JUL J«N i 1 1 Ji"" Til< 1 IISI 21-i>, t *i\ 1>» l1 1 2 Tl.t tl.l »'.i *t n l> 1> 1 U21| 2).Ill 2.2' T 1 12 7»l t 0*TA COJIC'TED ;J-Tt» r.SLICATlON OF THE yOMr Cl«4«(.OM iy*w..di >• 12 l»'> NtffttW a' lAfi r M to W*»ri i > -1 I I t.L 11 if.! Hi y. 11 It If i • i. ; » * < i 1.0 4.1 42 ' J4 1.2 11 i 12 0 ' 5 . 0 I 111.I 2.1 13.4 11 S.I 1 , 12 0 I 2 ' 0 111.2 I.S ;i.i 42 I) 57 5.1 10 I 14 1 0 I 4 • 1 I 114.1 22 I.I 12.3 40 19 44 7.1 •I 11 0 I 1 ' I 111.4 17 4 . 4 4.2 I 27 7.1 4 I 11 1 , 0 I ' 111.4 T 7.1 13.1 10 11 S.I U I 111.4 'i •I I I J.7 17 17 5.7 7 It I.I 14 10 I ! 0 ' .1 11 I I 117.1 10 17 1.0 13 0 , It . 4.4 II 2 I 9 I 22 • ' 111.2 01 ).3 21 1} 5.9 10 0 : 4.1 11 11 i 1 t I 111.I 12 ! 2.1 21 IT 1.1 I 0 4 .4 11 14 : I 111.1 1.1 01 : 1.2 10.'' 11 21 f7» 11 ' • 0 I 1 : 113.1 >» . 0.1 «.l I' , 15 5.5 •9 , I 0 2 111.1 I II 2.0 . «.« 4* ; 1« ; 5.1 I 110 I 120 1 »5 : »t , 07 I « I 13 I 117.7 y J09 152 / Normals, Means, And Extremes T»."0««*'^»41 'f 'r4«.0'I»1 •« •« .«t«#4 C'rt :.., W.l,f MIU'**)*..! TTTT I-- 00 91 11 .1 I ft i V Z - I. : i 1 i in Ul' 11 111 I 11 11 11 1! 111 15 "I I ii: I 11.1 . I 11 :i7i I 0lll4l . 41: I 1.14 .11 :ii»i 0.04 ii'i 1.11 ll4l 4.7' 11.1 4.7l1144 7j ll 5; 51 ).l 'N 1. ini r '. 41. > 41.4 . 1 '2 I'll » 111: ; y.: 1' 2.04 .41 lll»l 3.31 in. , 2.14 1141 1.1' :»!> 1.111414 71 13 1' 111 1.1 Nj 1|1114 11 • 7J.1 41.1' i:] '-•'1 . 21 .11>I ' ll l.l' .11 ll»17 . 3.31 I'll 2.11 |l4l ini r 11441 '•; II II .7 3.1 SI NElI'll • , •:.! II.I '.Ill 11 1>-1 :»» 2.1> ».1J ;'17 , 3.14 ini 2.77 ll.l 0.0 o.o' I'I 3.1 SE •iI'Sl 41.7 I" « I l4.2 in' 4. 111. ! 14. 1.07 U.l4 ;»'2 0.|7 I'll ».51 :•'! 0.3 0.3i :.i .SE •..I 11-4 '•2.3 111 l» 11 1. J I 12.- I in-: 51 ;i»4 I 1'.» 2.71 ;3 1 «r> , ^.ai • • it t T4i 3.1 SE I: 1151 I !*»' J.J I I 13.II 11 i:i I 'I.i ' ( .1 'S5I J . 1111.. 1 'I.i 14.7 'ia» :15,1544 1} .l,' I 5 i;; 1.11 1.11 I'.IW ' T i,4..'l'44' 1.17 till I 0.0' 0.3! 7, IT i- .. ..i 551 j!| -sIi 14.1..1 I'll.11. ! 71.Tl... 44,7 in I'll »l.'l>; 0 > l.'ll; .l4ll''»3.00l»3.00 I'WW ».15.S7' 111till3 o.o 0.31 '4l»l';»4 I.I.SSS SE 74.«t.4.; S' H.l 11.• I.1I 7J.I I'll i'l.11';. 41 .4.!' 0 .1* 1.7V .I.'! ;1»»; 3.31 I'wT. 7.il.t'! 111[IT3] ; 0.0 3.3 7) |4 1) 51 1.4 SE 41 "nEe lll111l1 a|ll.lH.2,'')."•2 , l »li»>i»>2 ll.;»-:! 12 2:i 2I' '.HI. "I 7 l'SI'll2 1.2i>1 l»'ll..!l ' 0.0 0.3, ••:i»1151 1.4 .1 41N..114! 11«44 •1 7;.; 41.2i U.7 11 14>14|2 JJ ;»5» 1 171 i: l.I7 I.Jl .IT,' 7 I'llljl '. 4.11.21 ;;1T I.. ,2 O.l'lll' 3.) 1117 -i 13 11 '••> I.I' 1 41 I'MlH I'llO I.I Oi»-.i 41.41. 1 ii.2iia:ii111i 1 i.'iii; i7i 7, i.4» 4.iiii»5|3.oi!'S3|2.iiii443.01 '13 4.11 . o.2:'»-.o.2ii«4 7»iii7 57i.»j, 4ii><.ui4N.l1147 2.11 1144 1 ; I I 'tuc : L«4 ^ SE» I li'.'.G Is.'si4. ' j»4 I j«H ' I I ' I I I II'JG Tl,Tl.il7.l!»i.i;10i;l>2; 0:1.1 1173 Illk]l7.14l5.7lll4l|0.00:'>127.Jllt7:'i2 1 4.7I11.), 4.7l441,7»|,,1152l.l|SI 74|1|.i4.J I , I I - I I it ill.21 ]117 1 M#«nt tni «icrr..>«t «^vt «rt fro3 viLtt-.^^ 4-id cj.;s4.'4ble #jioosurei. Annual rxtrcties havt bean aicacdad ac ofhar Ileal in f-a locality ai Collovi; Hislasc t*=?«rat»*ra 107 in A'.i(u4C 19C1, ia»^-\x-. -ioothly mc^all b.i In January 1926. r.aKL3vA snowfall in 2U hour! S.O :.n January 19(.0. la) Le'^;'.'' 0' racorl, /firi, ;4/"),;4 ft V.*J^S - li'.pi v» racor4 for t4a Hil-1171 Dtrto4. Cjr'.tZ jtir jt.\t\l 3;''a'4i.tf .^CM. ^:t ;f jyi t|-3:i.£ . \.f m\t rect«t 14 C4lfl o' *4lltl9l< tata^ z"^ -f-^trr !i'l. occjrpfca. !!l. {•I 'Z' 1*^ ISO.* «*. Al|%iia Itlt^S"!. >a:,i:.-\: -'ll 3l3;:'::i - lecorl t4row-34 IliJ. • Irii t»l« vt "liE. a'.\: : »-::';:4 - 4^.r«u iT'iic.ie t*«i o' itirtti CIOCIMIIO t Iract. irv fya "o'fi 00 >»dica:#l cil". fWiS' "I'-f •'^ - ScerO it 'ilteit ooia'.ad l-4t4utt »4lwt w^tf, v^t direction It )n Cent O' de^rtcl. ! W«n f^j^t** 9* 4« 1 A-«**0» 11 .- 1 f tut on 1 ; » Tt."oa'*' -r, •' prt^ava 1 m« • , S I ) ? ? ?; s 3 V..4 3 5 5 5t 1 1*. 1 iI-2 i Ml 1 J .1! e V 4 > •> 1 "3 1 - 3 l.h 3 I ; I i > t •, > .'' s '•^ ^ 0 & _ A - £ ~ * -i -; 1 ••4*•«1 C ii - - --'•' ^ 11 11 l}i 111 )1 li 11 11 11 111 n ) . "l "1 ' 1 a 41 1.2 ft, III 1' 1. 1 a ll • «>3.4 II 4 . . 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IT •61 14 . ,» 1 Hi 111' |l4l 11.4 13.4 'I.I 15.. 11,1 ll.l 41.4 11'«-4l I'l 14- lit 01 I'll 11.1 1'.. II.I 4.. e II.. • 1.0 11.4 I),5 70.4 ll.l ll.l 14., 111 5»» 1131 inc 51.4, 54.7 • 3.1 • 1.1 74.1 10. ' I..I II. 5 ll.l ll.l • •., ;• ' IM I I I I I 1221 14. I ll.l 41.1 ll.l '1 ll.l 10' 1 '!•' ll.l, ll.l nio-'J ^i I.i 1.1 11J 111 nil $0.1 111 1131 4l.' ll.l ll.l 11.,, II .1 ii'i-'l 1 15* III ini 51.1 11.4 4'. I II '1 " Ol 1117 14.1 4I.4 4l.l 11.3 71.1 'I.I I'.O .1.4 • I.I n»i-'i I' 15.' i>t nil 51.4 Il'l-l4 H Ml 111 111 3 ol 1117 1114 1..1 • 3.4 • 1.1 II. ll.l II. I ll.l ll.l' I3.^ ll.l It.4 'A ll.l ll'4-I IIJ 411 ll* tl Ol 9j llll 1*11 51.1' 14.4 • I. 71.1 ll.l • 1.. |4.5 I..4 ll.l. 10.1' Sl.l 70.1 I i I I 73.1 ll'l-I 2< nil II.. 17.ll • 4.1 • 1.7 71.1 14.7 11.,1 14.1 10.0 11.0 14.1 111' 11.1 • 1.1 • 1 .4 44. I 71.4 11.0 11. ' 14 . ^ II. |, 44.4 11.) • 4.0 "1 "1 nil 10.; i:.c I'.l »'.' ll.l • •.4 71.ll • 7,7 1.;. I • 7.4 nil • 1.1 14.» 43 .^ 71.1 I..0, |4.. II .4 70.4. l..> 61.0 Cooling Degree Days I14J 13.1 4l.l I«. Ll 11.4 11,1, 10.1: • 7.4 I "•'I Yeir |Jin! Feb Mir I Apr May June July Am Stpl[Oct 1 Nov i OeC | TonT I ,1 nil 47.• 11.1 • 1.7 el.1 71.1 l|'4 ll.l' 10.1 'I..I • 1.1 n>{ 41.• ll.l I'.l 41.1 11.4, I'.l 10.4 71.5, 70.1 nil 44. I ll.l 4'.. 11.» 11,1, • 1.1 14. I • 11' 1 I'll 111. 11.i .4.1 • I .1 10.5 71.4 14.1, n.o, 11. 41,1 1141 2711 • ll 14.1 |.,0' • 1,1 211 •11, 11 2117 1141 1».- 4l.l I' M .4 71,01 10.1, ••.I 14.5 11. ll''3 i5 1". I I I 14*1 • 1 « 11 Il>^ 1144 41.1 .4.1 40. 71.1 71.1 i4.i! • 1,1 »7.0i • 1. c ll.l, ••.I I .„! 111 1 1001 Il4l 13.1 51.1 71.1, 14.1 II. ll II, I 14.1 • 3.1 11.3 tl.3 llj I' Jill ,4> )1» 131 0 21.1 nil .4.1 41.1 el. '. 71.1 10.1 I I. II 14.1 ll.l It., 13.1, 14.1 ll* 113 411' >)> II. I 4« 11'1 1:4 in 1 2444 nil 11. ". 51.•• 44.C 71.5 II.J ll.l: 11. I 14, •! I'.l 11.11 ll.l 11*, 271 1)7 10 2412 1173 41.1. 14.1 ll.l 10,1 II.' I'.. I |4.0, 11. Ij • I.li • 7.7 11.;, • 0.1, •I.I I'li I I I I I ll.l' Id 1171 11.0 • 1.4, II.r ll.k ll.l, ll.l 13. ll • 1.1, II .' ll.l 1171 ll.l ll.l ••.! 11.' ll.l 13.» II.ll II.|l II.Ol 14.-. II. ll ll.l ll.l 1171 41.I 51.1 • 4.1 • •.- '».' ll.l. 11,1 11,1 ll.l • 1.4 71.. ll.O 11,1 12.1 • I.I 10.1 1174 11.^ ll.l • '.1 • •.' 17.1 17.1 • I.I 41.. 71.1 10.4 13,1 II.I| II.c: II.I| Sl.l • I.I 1171 51.f 11.1 • 1.4 t • C.l. 'H ifc:i HI 4N 51.L 11..' • 1.4' ll.l. 11.ll 11.1{ I4,l| 71,1 70.1. • 0.1' 51.1: • 41 • 1.1. ll.l n.o ll.l 11.k 14..1 14.1. II.4I ll.l' 71.0 14,1 .4.1 ll.l • 1.4 71,» 11,4 71,1' • 1.1' 10.0 10.0 41.. J 09 154 / Precipitation Snowfall Yt«f 1 Itn i fob [ M»f [ »pf ~M«y I Juntl July Am Sept |~bcl } Nov ' Dt< Unnml I S«Jion[july | Aut|5cpl| Oct | Nov [Otc Jan ' F«b ; Mjrj «p, Miy]jMn»[ToUI t.t • .• «.• 1.1 t.i • .• I I.I 0,0 r > I I.I o.t I r t ( I 1.1 I T f I.S I t.s 0.2 t.t I t o.o r •.• 1171 t 2.1 nn 0.0 l«'4 t l»'5 IICCI ''IIJ nli^ • I.I* i.?a i.tti I ' li.Jlcatft. a .CaCioti e^.,* vr rvluvali^n at i'i4Cr.^«-nli. Sre Station Lucati,«i table. BtcorJ can val.M, «|K..,- trx m.Mi. i-rvwdt tv- ,urr,-nt y,ar for tl..* p,'ri y J09 155 r .lO" •* >»o. Sa'N LATITUDE ae* N UATITOOC ^^-AtO AMToNIO - 30*N. LATITL)C7I= JOS 156 o (D i.;i O o 157 PROJECT CRITERIA (CIRCULATION) Careful consideration must be given the circulatory aspects of the project. The nature of the project dictates the mingling at numerous paths yet at the same time these paths must also be restricted from each other. A fine example of this is the separation of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Consideration must be given to all influences which impose themselves upon the project's circula tion needs, both current and future. This may include some or all of the following: Elevators, stairways, bridges, corridors, ramps, ;i:; walks, drives, public transit, private transit. '( o 'a 8 O V J KOI 158 / SECURITY The city of San Antonio will provide general security in the form of the police department, the fire department and the river police department. Private security may include services in the form of private security organizations. :]i:;i o in y K02 159 / SERVICE The service areas for the mall should be located in the same area using the same entry/egress space or the used at a certain time. This area must be carefully located in order not to become offensive to the character of the complex. Preferably, the area should be visually concealed from the view of the river level and street level. Service requirements include: * Loading and unloading space for commercial area * Ramp space. 'II o > in y K03 mm 160 SENSORY The additional odors, noise and unfavorable visual areas which may be created by the development of the mall should be screened from possible pollution of the existing quality found on the site. Respected and popular existing views must be care fully reviewed to avoid potential destruction of these sensations. The complex should be able to compliment not detract from the existing character % of the site. o cin in y K04 161 LIGHTING The lighting of the mall must be adequate to guarantee security and comfort. However, the lighting must not be overdesigned, especially within the realm of night lighting within the public spaces. The use of various forms of illumination must be researched into the possibility of both positive and negative aspects. o> o> V J K05 162 r SURFACES The selection of architectural surfaces must be in continuity with these surfaces found in permanent conditions at existing spaces. The influence of historical detailing of materials should be considered. Naturally the end result of such selections will assist the introduction of the complex onto the site. Possible selections include: Nature stone, warm tone brick, rough textured concrete, sturdy seam roofing, mission tile, cut stone pavers, kiln fired pavers, wood, stucco/plaster, rought iron. in in V K06 163 CO E REQUIREMENTS WHICH AFFECT PLANNING 1. Efficient parking for owners and visitors; adequate maneuver space. 2. Temporary space for service and delivery vehicles. 3. Reception point to group. Sheltered delivery and waiting. Provision for information, mail CP parcel delivery boxes; storage for parcels, carts. 4. Provision of space for maintenance and control of public utilities. Telephone, telegraph, o electricity,main water, sewage, district heating, gas, air conditioning. 5. Rest and conversation space. Children's play O and supervision. i' 6. Private entry to dwellings, protected arrival, in sheltered standing space, filter against dirt. "c 7. Filters against smells viruses, bacteria, dirt. E Screens against flying insects, wind blown dust, litter, soot, garbage. cr 9> 8. Stops against crawling and climbing insects, vermin, reptiles, birds and animals. UOI ^ 165 •^ 9. Access points that can be securely barred. 10. Separation of pedestrians from moving vehicles. 11. Children separate from traffic. 12. Protection of drivers, during their transition between fast moving traffic and pedestrian world. 13. Arrangements to keep access clear of weather interference wind, ice, snow, water. 14. Fire barriers 15. Clear boundries within semipublic domain; between semipublic and public. 16. Maintenance of adequate illumination and •'"I absence of abrupt contrast. HI 17. Control of noises of service trucks, cars, machinery. 18. Arrangements to reduce urban noise within space. 19. Provision for unimpeded vehicular access during peak hours. 20. Provision for emergency access and escape; fire, ambulance, reconstruction repairs. 21. Pedestrian comfort. y LOl '•'^S^-fTk- 'V - r 166 Tl. Pedestrian circulation without dangerous or confusing discontinuities in level or directions. 23. Safe and pleasant walking and wheeling surfaces. 24. Handicap provisions, ramps lowered water fountains, elevators, toilet facilities. 25. Pedestrian needs, refreshments, restrooms. 26. Garbage collection points - enclosed to prevent pollution or environment disorders. 27. Efficient organization of service, ilS' and distribution. ?'"i •"T 28. Partial weather control. i::! iii LOl 167 The following spatal requirements are listed in order to comprehend the extent of the project. They are in no way listed by order of priority, significance or amount of time to be devoted to them. For a breakdown of the project in terms of spatial and time priorities, please refer to the "Scope" section of this program. y LOl 168 Commercial Spaces: The commercial space will be designated to the current basements and to the existing street level buildings. The commercial area will be between ei0/0>::)sq. ft. The area is to house small shops, restroom and possibly a large specialty or department sotre. i:«, CD O O "5 2 £ o y L02 169 Public Space The space is defined as all areas within the project that is designed primarily for public use. It will tie in with all existing public spaces including the proposed Alamo Plaza, River Walk Pedestrian Link, the basic requirements for the public space include: * Public Restrooms * Landscaping * Walks * Rest Spots * Design for Handicap. y L03 170 ^ The River Corridor Study Currently the river system is undergoing complete changes along its entire inner city length. In 1973 the firm of Skidmore Owings and Merrill and Marshall, Kaplan, Gains and Kahn prepared a study entitled "The San Antonio River Corridor". The report calls for the development of an entire river corridor system starting in the Brackenridge Park section and extending south of downtown into the residential district. Also included in this report were recommendations as foundations for planning actions. Examples: * New town-in-town * Flood control for river system * Extension of river transit system o o * Beautification of entire river 0) * Housing developments along river * Long range planning for city y L04 171 in oCD CD 172 Mall "A * Due to location mall should not detract from river bend but help unify. * The mall should be designed to exploit the favorable natural environment. * Circular pattern should be separate district trouble free. * Due to scalar relationships imposed upon the structure, the complex must be concerned with human scale in the following areas: 1. River walk - the riverwalk, has its own character and scales. 2. Urban scale - mall must fit into overall scale of downtown area. 3. Street level - concern and acommodate the human scale. * The mall should adept easily with existing conditions. Its influences upon its surrounding o must be positive to most. So too should the £ influences upon it be positive and compatible. V y MOl 173 * Influences of and around the site strongly dictate the form of the complex. "I ,(' 1 '1 ' < •• A '1 -1 "\ ••i •i •"r :' i: y MOl 174 Commercial * Development of the commercial space should compliment the existing charm found both along the street level and the river/riverwalk. * Service/deivery area should be fast and efficient. * Commercial areas should only be pedestrian oriented * Commercial spaces should be designed to guarantee a high degree of security. o o (D e E o o M02 175 / Public Space * Public space should visually and materially conform to existing space along riverwalk, pedestrian link, and street level walks. * Public space should be designed to guarantee a high degree of security. * Projected volumes of pedestrian traffic suggests consideration for rest areas and functional street functions. * Projected volume of pedestrian traffic suggests the use of durable materials with easy maintenance. o OL y M03 176 'lU": O cOn 177 / In stating the project goals, one must also consider the client goals, stated previously in the client section with this in mind, the project goals are. * To design the structure as a compliment to the downtown CBD as well as the site. * To allow the complex to serve as a catalyist for future downtown redevelopment through its productive influence. * To retain the identity and scale of the human throughout the mall. * To insure the success and compatability of the complex through the complete understanding of all systems which influence the design of the complex. * To create an environment oriented toward the comfort and safety of the pedestrian by way of a bridges, tunnels, walks, etc. which separate o the pedestrian from vehicular and adequate circulations. y NOl 178 r * To conform with the character of the site and surrounding CBD by careful sensitive use of materials and details. * To the full advantage of the city views, favorable environmental conditions. * To relieve the pressure on the river walk. * To create a space that will connect the basement of buildings. NOl mwMjmimiii 179 g I I £ CD £ 180 WORK PROGRAM FLOW CHART URBAN DESIGN sept. oct. nov. dec. SYSTEMS I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 K) 2 13 14 15 16 week ^ LIVE V i WORK ^ PLAY V I client*s Implementation FINAL O DESIGN I CIRCULATION --•tr A SECURITY A jA :•! A b SERVICE O I SENSORY ^ .A o *^ SURFACES •A study A E process S concept c -A development i CL presentation documentation i >^ POl r 181 Funding Though not unique, the method of funding for this project is not ordinary. The funding will be acquired through a rather intricate system. This system is composed of a phased, joint private/ public funding program. Both the city and the private developer will work together throughout this project. Public Commitments Include: * Acquisition of land for and development of Presa Mall * Acquisition of land for and development of the "underground". * Purchase of historically and architecturally significant structures for preservation/rehab ilitation. * General sidewalk street furniture and landscaping improvements. c. * Transit system improvements P02 'latsa 182 * Utility system improvements. * Extension of river. Acquisition of funds for public commitment will be in the form of the passage of bond issues. Private Commitments Include: * Purchase of certain historic structures for restoration/rehabilitation * Other new construction * Refurbishing of privately owned building facades, Acquisition of private funds will be in the form of private investments. P02 133 in o in o oO 184 A Growth and Change Due to the nature of the project and uniqueness of the site, the complex is designed to be built in its entirety. There is no projected growth for the complex itself. If expansion of downtown retail is desired, there is a small possibility that a similar mall could be built along Commerce street (running perpendicular to the site). c o o 5 J ROl 185 < ii D o •!*''***M 186 BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS Corner, William, San Antonio de Bexar: A Guide and History. Bainbridge and Corner: San Antonio, Christmas 1890. Hall, Edward T. The Hidden Dimension. Doubleday and Company, Inc. Garden City, New York, 1969. Historic San Antonio 1700-1900. San Antonio Chapter: American Institute of Architects, October 1963. Old San Antonio: 250 years in Pictures. San Antonio Express and Evening News; The Express Publishing Company; San Antonio, 1968. Ramsdell, Charles. San Antonio. University of Texas Press; Austin, 1968. River Walk Policy Manual. City of San Antonio; Riverwalk Commission, January 1977. Uniform Building Code, 1976 in o o y SOI ^ruHm HMfli 187 STUDIES The Alamo Plaza Development Area Plan, City of San Antonio; Centro 21 Downtown Revitalization Task Force and The Department of Planning, April 1977. Central City "Situation Analysis", City of San San Antonio; River Corridor Workshop, July 6, 1977. Contraflow Bus Line, San Antonio Transit Authority; March 1977. Development of the Central City District, City of San Antonio: City Planning Dept. November 1972. From Planning to Projects 72-73. City of San Antonio; Community Analysis Program 1973. A Report on Population: San Antonio and Bexar County. City of San Antonio Comprehensive Planning Division; Community Development Office, May 1973 (Volume 1) A Report on Population; SanAntonio and Bexar County. City of San Antonio Comprehensive Planning Division; Community Development Office, September 1975. (Update). San Antonio Census Data. Greater San Antonio Chamber of Commerce, 1970. in San Antonio Historic Survey. City of San Antonio; Community Renewal Program 1972. "to y S02 •I IM • iiWI.II II piUillWBMiin 188 San Antonio Research Report. Economic Development Council: Greater San Antonio Chamber of Commerce, 1973. San Antonio Urban Design Mechanisms Study. City of San Antonio Planning Department; Community Renewal Program, October 1972. Skidmore Owings and Merrill. The San Antonio River Corridor. San Francisco, October 1972. V J S02 ••T- • w^ x" • tr*r^I addendum 190 / ADDENDUM In the preliminary stages of design of this thesis project, some problems arose' that had not been anticipated. These problems ranged from minor to major concern. The major concerns that had a significant impact on the project are: (1) the underground utilities to existing and proposed buildings, (2) the lack of information on existing and proposed buildings, (3) the effect of constructing a tunnel on the dovmtown business,and {^•) the expense to the merchants. The analysis of the facts brought about a change in the nature of this thesis project. The analysis showed that an underground "concourse" system would not be the most feasable solution for this project. A better solution would be a system of level changes creating a MHHMHBHHii 191 / "courtyard" effect such as that in New York's Rockerfeller Center. This would cut down on the cost, work better with existing utilities, and provide the merchants as well as the city with a feasable answer to connect the seven block area of hotels, apartments, offices and retail establishments together with a pedestrian orientated walkway. This changes the original thesis statement of an underground pedestrian connection to an open split level connection. This also changes the name of the project from "de bajo de la tierra" to Presa Street Plaza. documentation 193 DOCUMENTATION Introduction: This thesis was concerned with an underground mall. The concerns of the mall consisted of the research and development of a proposal for a river level concourse that would inter connect a seven block area of existing and proposed developments. Along with the river level concourse was the consideration of a street level pedestrian oriented walk that would be a small portion of a much larger pedestrian walkway connecting the King William Historic Distric to the Municipal Auditorium. Site: The site for this project is located in downtown San Antonio, Texas. It is a street that is within the river loop known as Presa Street. The site is crossed by two major streets, (Market one way to the east and Commerce one way to the west) and divides the site into thirds. 19^ / Utilities; All utilities have major lines that run underneath Market and Commerce Streets. Minor lines are along Presa Street. Utilities include electricity, gas, water, and sanitary sewage. There are no storm sewers around the site. Accessibility; The site is accessible from several streets including Presa along with Commerce, Crockett, Houston, and Market Streets. Design Concepts; In changing the thesis statement, the original concepts have changed. Some of these concepts that changed were: * connection of the buildings with an underground concourse, and, * potential expansion of underground system. The new concepts associated with the "coming out of the ground" solution are: * access to some buildings of major importance at a sub level, and 195 / * keeping the pedestiran free from vehicular obstruction by level changes, narrowing of streets, and blocking off the street. Design Solutions River to Market Street; The site from River to Market Street is 235' long from Bridge to the center of Market Street. At the onset of this project the site on the west side of Presa was to be a proposed hotel of ^00 rooms consisting of dining, disco-bar, and shops along with the rooms. This was to be a $15 million project but in October of 1978 was abandoned. This would be an excellent site for an apartment building overlooking the river. The east side of the site is the location of the main library annex that houses a museum and the famed Hertzberg Circus Collection. The major concern in this area is the I I L 196 / pedestrian/vehicular movement. The pedestrian should be able to move freely from the library to the river, across the river to La Villita to the south, and to Market Street to the north. The vehicular needs will be dictated by the use of the site on the west side of the street, but vehicular movement is necessary in order to gain access to the Navarro parking garage which is across the river on the west side. In a solution to the circulation of the vehicle and pedestrian, the pedestrian takes precedence. The major pedestrian movement is on the east side of the street, which is where the walkway is located in this solution. This provides the pedestrian, walking from La "Villita (which is on the east side) to Market Street (passing the library) an unobstructed walkway where the pedestrian does not have to cross a street 197 / in order to get to the library, the park. Market Street, La Villita, or to the river. This keeps the pedestrian movement free from vehicular movement. In order to de-emphasize the vehicular traffic, the street was narrowed to a 20' width. This is the minimum regulation for a two lane street, which will remain as a two way street. The street curb begins on the center line of the existing right of way and continues 20 ft. to the west. This provides a 30 ft. walkway on the east side and a 10 ft. walkway on the west side, thusly emphasizing the importance of the east side as the pedestrian walk. The pedestrian walk is flanked on the west side by a row of trees which provides separation from street, shade, and a visual connect throughout the site. Pedestrian crossing of Presa Street will be done at the corner of Market and Presa with vehicular traffic mx, 198 / controlled by stop lights. The crossing of Market Street will be done on the east side of Presa Street and vehicular traffic will be controlled by stop lights. Market to Commerce; The site from Market to Commerce Streets is from center line to center line 270 ft. in length with a width of 60 ft. The west side of the site consists of law offices, a vacant lot, and the Commerce Building which is a historic structure to be renovated into approximately ^0-50 apartments. Also located in the Commerce Building will be shops and a restaraunt on the basement and street level. On the east side of the street is a lot that will be occupied by a commercial/ parking garage with the commercial consisting of small retail shops on the sub-level and street level. The structure will be owned by the city and the commercial area will be leased out. iiL. ] w—WMfeBtaaMl 199 / The major concern in this area is with the pedestrian flow and the under ground utilities. The pedestrian must be able to flow to different areas with ease. The commercial area needs for the pedestrian to come to it in order to be a well established retail area. The \mderground utilities proved a problem in level change. Vehicular traffic in this area is not necessary. By blocking off this area to vehicular traffic, it enables pedestrian movement to be much more freer and provides a park-like area for the pedestrian. Again, the importance of the pedestrian movement dictates the flow patterns. The west side is important for the pedestrian flow at the street level and the east side is important for the pedestrian flow at the lower level and street level. This is where the courtyard concept comes into play. The utilities, such as gas, water, and sewage, posed a 200 / problem but were taken care of by utilizing the west side of the site as "utility corridors". A major problem of crossing Commerce Street was solved by the use of the lower level; a pedestrian crossing on the street level is located on the west side of Presa Street, due to the courtyard and tunnel underneath Commerce Street for lower level connection, being located on the east side. By placing a median in the middle of Commerce Street provides a visual link, a skylight for the tunnel, and slows traffic for pedestrian crossing. Commerce to River Walk; The site between Commerce and the river walk is ^00' to the center of Crockett Street which meets at Presa and the river walk. The new Stouffers Hotel will be located on the west side- and the River Square Mini-Mall (consisting of retail aind office areas), and the Casino Building which is a renovation 201 / into an apartment building is located on the east side. The pedestrian/vehicular is a crucial problem in this particular part of the site. The new hotel needs vehicular,access to the main entrance which is located on Presa Street. The pedestrian circulation necessitates not only the hotel but also the River Square Mini-Mall on the east side. By narrowing the street and setting it off center establishes the importance of the pedestrian right of way. The traffic will be slowed by th& ^5 change in direction into the hotel entrance and by the letting out of passengers inside the hotel site. This street will be one way, thus eliminating traffic from both directions so that pedestrians can flow freely across the street. The walkway on the east side signifies the importance of that area which continues to the river. A focal point in this area 202 i/ is the flag plaza. This provides a theme to this area. The flags are the five flags that have flown over the city; Spain, Mexico, Confederacy, Republic of Texas and the United States. The flags are placed in a star pattern within two circles which graphically signify the current flag of Texas. There is also a fountain within the pentagon of the star. This plaza provides a focal point for the motorists and the pedestrians. Materials and Furnishings; The material to be used in this project is the same throughout the site to create a visual/textural linkage. The use of brick pavers in pattern work provides a visual walkway and stimulates the walkway function. The lighting in the area is to provide security at night and provide a pleasing form by day. Lighting consists of bollards and cast iron pole lamps. The vegitation 203 f of grass, trees, and ivy give a sense of scale and, in the case of the trees, provide a canopy over major walks as well as a visual connection. Street furnishings for the site include information booths, kiosk, and a sculptural water fountain. Other street furnishings include ask trays, drinking fountains, seating, bollards, planters, and sculpture to provide comfort and interest. PRESENTATIONS The Jury members included Mr. Raymond Brogniez, Mr. Jim White, and Dr. George Peng. First Preliminary; The first pre liminary shared the schematic concepts for an underground tunnel and street level pedestrian walkway along Presa Street. Drawings included existing structures, proposed structures, proposed concourse at river level, proposed street level, and sections looking east and west. There 204 / was also a site model showing three dimensional birdseye view of surrounding area with the proposed structures located on it. Jury comments and questions are as follows: Mr. Brogniez; The expense on the merchant is very important to consider. Try to take on merchant as client instead of city. The cost of such a tunnel is tremendous. Also, what means of digging and constructing the tunnel would you propose? In digging a tunnel the utility location is a serious problem. What is the architect's role in a problem of this nature? Is this something than an engineer and a landscape architect could do? Why go underground when you can make it above ground and purely pedestrian? This would be more logical in a situation like this. Dr. Peng; Your schematic is a little premature 2 05 / and needs more analysis in order to propose a viable solution. More analysis will show why you chose that area to develop. Alot of time wasted on sections that could be spent on analysis. Possible solution to tunnel problems "up and down" or different levels creating a courtyard effect. Mr. White: In the case of the parking garage, you should analyze the site for such a structure and ask, "Is this the best site for a structure of this nature?" Also consider an impact on other areas around site. That parking garage site might be a good link to river. Know what you are creating in that space as well as who it is for. Do analysis before design. Semi-Final; During the semi-final jury, a more elaborate plan of the area was presented. Drawings included site plan, detailed plans, sections, elevation, and perspectives along with some typical detail drawings. ^.li 206 f Mr. Brogniez; Do not elevate middle of site. This only causes problems. The addition of kiosk only creates a place for grafiti. The addition of information booths that are manned creates jobs and also cuts down on vandalism. The utilities seem to work just fine, but a plan should be shown. Dr. Peng; In the case of the parking structure, elevation is not a solution-- solution is circulation. Parking garage is not a solution anyway to that site. The circulation around that site is very poor. Area very attractive along Presa Street. Pedestrian circulation works very well. But the location of proposed parking garage very bad. Maybe suggest something different to that area. Mr. White: Site where parking garage is proposed is excellent connect with river. 20? / This could form a "t" shaped mall. Parking garage renovated is ideal situation for that site and is a very romantic part of the city. The pedestrian circulation along Presa Street does work rather well. The idea for flag plaza is a good one. The curvilinear forms on Market and Commerce does not lend itself to a parking garage. There should be a river connection in this area. Final; The final presentation consisted of drawings of the location, site plan, plans, sections, isometric, details and persepctives. Mr. Brogniez: Do not use title blocks on all drawings. The shiny surface distracts from presentation. Very concerned with lack of details showing a knowledge of structure. Mr. White; Facade of parking garage is r V appendix ( The following is taken from a study of the river corridor by Skidwell, Owing and Merrill title San Antonio River Corridor Study. EXISTING REIAL .^> opportunily i Howrou '^'^vui, «^ iHjam r STRUCTURES Urauha WORTHY OF RETENTX3N Tfav»firk AUrtit CanmfianCMr V ^sm EXBTWG nW« I r E)QSnNQ \nsrnoR SERVICES Munldpal Audliorium cpparb<4ly I \ ^7j2k 6iienf\\er Hotel F^er.Arttionq La Mansion Holttl.^^^ ,, ^ Alamo Plaza ^Stokdt Hotel Thxelodg© » ;^ ^ Hilfcn Hotel Convention Carter LaVniHa ® Q lrw»miiteflf 1iS)anaiHii9 V •"'"iWMIHI -kniiid r CHART I: DOWNTOWN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OBJECTIVES •^ 1970 1990 Net Gain SAL^S AND SPENDING (Constant 1970 Dollars) Retail Salea^ $108,000,000 $172,000,000 $ 64,000,000 60% Visitor Spending 52,000,000 154,000,000 102,000,000 19 5% JOBS Retail^ 5,100 7,200 2,100 40% Downtown Conanercial Office 17,400 26,000 8,600 50% Visitor Services 2,800 6,400 3,600 130% NET TACILITY ADDITIONS (In Square Feet) Retail^ 1,800,000 2,600,000 800,000 45% Conunercial Office 3,000,000 4,400,000 1,400,000 45% Hotel/Motel Inventory (Rooms) 3,800 7,200 3,400 90% NEW CONSTRUCTION (1970-1990) Retail 1,000,000 sq.ft. Commercial Offices 1,900,000 sq.ft. Government Office 500,000 sq.ft. Hotel Rooms 2,300 rooms Motel Rooms 1,100 rooms Restaurants 25 better quality 40 medium quality/cafeteria/family style Visitor Oriented Spe cialty Retail 100,000 sq.ft. (art galleries, craft shops, etc.) Downtown Housing 1,500 units (low-rise elevator and hi-rlse) Sports Stadium 55,000 to 65,000 seat capacity International Trade Center, Merchandise Physical space program indeterminate Mart at current time. Parking Spaces 5,000 to 8,000 spaces REHABILITATION (1970-1990) Retail 500,000 to 750,000 sq.ft. Office 500,000 to 1,000,000 sq.ft. General merchandise, apparel, furnishings and specialty items (e.g., boolcs, cameras). Net after demolition and phase-out of obsolete facilities. Includes 2 major department stor-s at about 250,000 sq.ft. each, 1 amaller high-grade department store (60,000 - 100,000 sq.ft., V and remainder are small shoos. li] IS 0 • a. £ Ea m» ««i«e<4 M ucc WU^4 • o o I? -KSBI II mi^ nihsa .^•sa l-bpB- km^ kmj t^^ Ld kid ! a IfIff"*H' n •"«.• L'.i'JiM mnmmi OI>l)DI)DI)l>OI)OI I lilt Hi <««««« ••.•Ki,Hllw,„jiML' »ti*«^ i ! i 2 I rill '(n lifil UJ gQ lUii 7 ^ FHf F^ r?T IP^ pBf ipgy r^ ^-'•llf&a^ J--- l^'^j^f 'i 3g h r"^ fT| f^' r *--«*-.yaK^istf I'. Dim -life* S^JSL 1 p •pijfn j^^j^^m^mj^m^j^^^^ 'ti^rM *• — s lllilll F^ r? HP r? rf pr f^ :i^ii\ U;::; X CD O "• '•w^T'iaw^i KJES^UI / APPENDIX II Riverwalk Policy The following is a reprint from the River Policy Manual J CHAPTER lU r POLICY GOVERNING CONCESSIONS AND CONTRACTS IN THE RIVER WALK AREA AND LA VILLITA 1. GENERAL: a. Contracts governing the various concessions and business operations In the River Wal)c area and La Villita are executed by the City Council. b. The lUver Walk Advisory Commission reviews these contracts and leases prior to Council consideration to Insure that the spirit and Intent of River Wallc development and operation are preserved, and advises the Council accordingly. c. The Director, Department of Parks and Recreation, administers all contracts and leases, coordinates with contractors and lessee and the River Walk Advisory Commission and monitors to Insure compHance with contract or lease provisions. 2. EXISTING CONTRACTS: The terms and specific provisions of existing contracts vary, depending upon the type of operation, the contractor's Investment and many other considerations. Certain standard provisions are con tained In all contracts. Others, peculiar to a unique type of operation are also Included to Insure that the public's, as well as the contractor's Interests are protected. Following Is a brief summary of these standard and specific provisions: a. Standard Provisions - All Contracts: (1) Insurance: Concessionaires or licensees shall hold the city harmless against all loss, liabilities, claims, suits, debts and demands of any kind or nature whatever growing out of his use of public property under his grant or license and shall provide public liability Insurance protecting the city. A certificate of Insurance, or other satisfactory evidence shall be filed with the City Clerk showing: (a) The City of San Antonio named as co-Insured. (b) Limits of liability to be $10,000 per person and $20,000 per accident In case of bodily Injuries; the limits in case of property damage shall be $5,000. Higher limits are recommended if the nature of the operation warrants. Notice of cancellation shall be provided by the insuring agency. (2) Right to Cancel Contracts: The right Is expressly reserved to the city, acting through City Council and the River Walk Advisory Commission, to terminate the contract, grant or license of any concessionaire operating in the area controlled through the River Walk Advisory Commission when deemed inconsistent with the public use of the property of the city, or when the same may become a nuisance. (3) Cleanliness of Premises: Concessionaires and licensees shall, at all times, keep city-owned property used by him free of litter, trash and paper, and put same In regular trash containers in the street in conformity with garbage, sanitary and health regulations of the city. r b. Boats and Barges Concession Contract: An exclusive contract for the right to operate boats and barges for hire. The successful bidder agrees to the standard provisions, plus the contract-specified terms, fees, number of boats and barges, styling and appearance, method of propulsion, advertising, operation and storage. (1) Boats and barges must be available to all River Walk tenants for a uniform fee approved by the city. (2) Procedures for Leasing Boats and Barges: (a) Tenants may be placed on the lease list upon request to the concessionaire. To qualify, tenants must have a prominent River Walk entrance. (b) No one tenant or Individual may rent or lease more than 50% of the barges at any one time unless refusal Is first received by all other River Walk tenants on the lease list. (c) Rental charges are prescribed In the concession contract. Current Information Is available from the concessionaire, the River Walk Advisory Commission and/or the Director, Department of Parks and Recreation. (d) All boats and barges will be made available for a fee for special events such as river parades, etc. , scheduled through the River Walk Advisory Commission. The commission shall act as coordinating agent. (e) Conv(>ntlon groups, or firms and on.inlzJtlons partlclpatlnq In conventions or mootlngs , dislnny to rent tlio river bojts for transportation for delegates may identify the boat as follows: barge may be identified by use of a commission- approved symbol. Availability of such boat can be made known to convention delegates by means of pass-out literature. No bells, horns, loudspeakers or other nolsemaklng apparatus may be used. c. Sidewalk Vendors: (1) The privilege of vending (only on private property) flowers, foodstuffs (If conforming to requirements of the City Health Department), novelties and curios Is permitted through approval by the River Walk Advisory Commission. Portable sales stands can be set up only on private property except during special festivals sponsored by the Paseo Del Rio Association or other approved organizations . (2) Vendors may not operate on the River Walk on leased public property without prior River Walk Advisory Commission approval. Vendors operating on leased public property, when given approval, must first have River Walk Advisory Commission approval of displays, goods and services. l-i r (3) Entertainers: (a) Entertainers, marlachls, etc., operating on the River Walk must operate on property or public leased property only. (b) Such entertainers may be engaged by a River Walk tenant, who must register same with the commission before use. (c) All entertainers must be costumed In an attire approved by the River Walk Advisory Commission. d. Soliciting Alms: Restrictions on soliciting alms, donations, or any gifts are contained In Section 4. (c) of Ordinance 46742 and in Chapter 28, Section 28-5 of the City Code. e. La VllUta Property Rental Contracts: Rental of buildings In La VlUlta Is by contract approved by City Council. Information concerning such rentals and proposed enterprises may be obtained through the La Villita project manager, the River Walk Advisory Commission and/or the Director, Department of Parks and Recreation. 3. RENEWING EXISTING CONTRACTS: As stated earlier, the terms of existing contracts vary with the type of enterprise, the contractor's investment and other considerations designed to protect the public's as well as the contractor's interests. Prior to expiration, all contracts are thoroughly reviewed. The River Walk Advisory Commission determines what changes, if any, are appropriate. Contracts are then open for bids or negotiation In accordance with applicable statutes and ordinances. Elds are reviewed by the River Walk Advisory Commission and contracts are subsequently awarded by action of the City Council. 4. APPLICATION FOR NEW CONCESSIONS/ENTERPRISES: An individual or group desiring to establish a new enterprise on the River Walk or La VUUta must apply to the City Council through the River Walk Advisory Commission for consideration of the proposal. The following guidelines apply: a. Familiarize yourself with this manual. A copy may be obtained from the Department of Parks and Recreation, the Paseo Del Rio Association and the Chamber of Commerce. b. Prepare the proposal In detail. Show how the new concession/enterprise Is consistent with the overall development plan for the River Walk. c. Arrange for presentation of complete plans before tho Rlvor Walk Advisory Commission. Contact the Director's Secretary, Department of Parks and Recreation, 828-8111, to schedule a hearing by the commission. d. Meetings are held the first Tuesday of each month at a time and place designated by the commission. Time and place may be obtained at the telephone number cited above. e. The River Walk Advisory Commission will review and evaluate the proposal and will advise the City Council of Its determination. V •h'ffesi r I: BPfitiMTIQNq PQB PERMITS. LlCENSEa AND FEES FQp U8E OF RIVI.R WALK IMEMl.MT AND LA VMJTA. fli OUV prfiperry Pn the flluer W^lk e<^6ement m^v be lo-^eed far perlmja of one yesr- by the adjoining BIwer Walk tenant uiH»n ^rpli> ation for pHrmit to the Ouy OpunPll, ApplU^liiMia will Vo r«>o0|vwl ai^vl \\\^\ rBV'tuvvyil I'V iiiB Hu'oi Wuitv .vivi^oiy v^Hiuniiatiipn, PUy prPPPfty c^n b>i le<^a,nt only by putuntirtl pr-inoity ownur or U't.bor nf pnU'nilrtI prnpurty (1irtt^:tly coptiaMous tp (kUfootly bti(wt3nn ppU'utml proporty and w<4ttjr's t^tluM) propoMeit ciiy PfOpPrty ^P he le^aed, b: Annwftl ren^l fees wlU be OQ le?^ th^n $,^Q per square foot, but in no psae leas than laoo \<^ be paid Annu<^Uy in ^dvi^nce, €: Ppn^trwcnpn, irnprovements, strHctvire?, decor^tione, sign^, furniture, ^(wnlna? ^nd dlfiplayn qn thP R^vef W^\H easement pf in ^a VlllUc( mwst positively hflve the written apprwal of the ftlvef W3llt ^c^vl^pry Commission, Changes in landscsplng, w^lks, boat landings, ©r any p^h^r phftnges on pity p|-ppe(iy mwat also have prior approval, d•. Qb^tn fvun \hPM9h a lease la held by a River Walk tenant for portions of the Rlvef Walk eaaeiuent, Wi^lks WlU be kept open to pedestrian traffic. Licmigens and tenants shall at all tln(i>fi, tnalntaln the aUlevyaUs ddirtiwut to their space frw Ironri obairui-.tU'n ol any Mi\d with a mlnlmwm Plear«f\cQ 9\ sV^ feet, The River WJl^• Advisorv Commission shall have the iluht to Pr^ler r-emoval 'A WW»^ an(4 Pther ar^ioies durino special events, ^: §hfl^lcl thor^ be a phanga In pwuiirshlp pf a business or a bnlldlna lu^ldtna a lease on adlolnlnq OHY pr^^P^fty on the River ^Valk, the lease for city property la tmmeili^tely sul)|eot to fv;'ewal ejf r^r>P9Pt^'i %: A ftESPyyTlOM ENDORSING plTY CpPE,CHAPI^R 28. jjEpTlON ?^-S, mV. THE RJVfR Wftl K Mi'^QM COMMHSSlON POUGY MANUAL TO RISIRIOT PHOTOGRAPHY PN THt: HWER WAIK OF THE OmfOF Th^i ^pi^pwlna r^sp,^^^on w^s adpptod by the River Walk Advisory, Comndsston on FebfMary 4, 19?^> WHfR?^' ^ha distinctive char^^t^T', ^^ well as the sedate and nntq|V^e c^tmoi,i)Uwr«i of the rtvef B^HStt be pre^Qfvvi'fi, prpitpptei^ ^^'^ pro(tiPt<»d tor the fvirtheranoe a| PMWIC weHar*!., an(1 WUVRfA^- th^ ^itvor w^lk Advisory P'^'nuuission is cHnu-enut-.i that (ifv^mttv^t (H.rrt\i»i.U\n tp, any lwMvtd*w\ \0, vn.vr'^tw a pti WHERl.\^, spon ^he sadaty and UU^MU ^mo-iphyre o4 H^e rtve-r W<^v*l<^ sH^-^s*i to »iMi.t If ^ottvttt*»a <\f WHEREA^, ^ePt*'-'»n 28-S o^ Che^p^y^ 2» o^ the CUy Pod'^a pJj the P^y of San AntW.lP W^^lWt^ p««iW\tnqt S(?i^^9.\^ng,'^ri,d haw-lfilfta in the Pentr'** Business District,, and WH?f^EA^, many people rosont, fo^ reasons best known to then\s?,\vas, having their p.tPtwr^ t^^i^ ^« a uuli^^rspe and an tftV-aato^x (^ p;r'iV'^'<;Y ^' thiO.**? partlpulac people, and W^Ip^^AS,, l,t l* n|i?,ii \\,^ i|n^enl;\oj(i| vf the Wver WftiH Advisory. PoJnMnlsskoin, to d!l^oo,i,wiag|0 pirtvate \ •rTT.n,rrvJi.a 'ulJ^ / WUKR^^, ^hg Ii^v9^ WaVk Advisojfy Commission encouLii^ios photograi'iiuis ro pi,^r*sve Oi^a ©j,st- WW,' ''l^?W?9W-, V.^ \\ i[<;^so;^v«d| lih,a,li ^liio Rlvyjr Walk /\avt:.oiY P-cuiuuVisliOK, l^<«;^f'oJf\K• ^^VMi^V^t* aiWll WVit^S?*'^ Vii^ siriljiit ^ui^ lutvAt o4 th* poJ;l,cy Manual, Phjpi,.jr i, !r'>j.a,i.iai,'K S, in.I i,''li»y. PWv» Glivj^ptv^ '-ii^ l^'^'-^ivsp, 2%--^ a,iAd, tbojfoio^fy. v«i|l|\ f^vors^blsi^. cousv-ior oid.y :,u.- ':s rvij,v-=.l^ foij ptis-Vt' '^.-^ph^v- ifss^^s-^s-toa^^^ t!M\ WU ^•^^TEMEN-^ py POLK'-X- Pi^MPETl|HOK' BY PWliC- pi^ •Ji't-V ^Pi^liV.wlag sm^m^alj o^ polity was ^dopt(^ bv tl?,a R'IV'^J; W<»i'llv A>^ivl|*v>^y (i>9JWAli»>,'i'?iii»i Wi •feV'Wi'WM- ?-, •^t^i?, %\4?ii \X Xhy^, t|l?.o ^v<;i; W^l,!^ ^;^v^.i9fr/ Gpromlss l,o)i adopts gk pol)l?y ItO, ^\ CHAPTER IV BUILDING AND PROPERTY IMPROVEMENTS AND DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS 1. GENERAL: Preservation of the distinctive character, natural beauty and maintenance of the charm and atmos phere of Old San Antonio In River Walk buildings and properties is the principle that must guide all new construction or remodeling In the River Walk and La Villita. To that end these policies and procedures are established. 2. DEFINITIONS: Policies and procedures outlined herein apply to the area as defined by the following: a. River Walk Area: The San Antonio River Walk Area Is that area along the San Antonio River, between Its Villita Str<<-t crossing and its Sixth Street crossing, from the water's edge to the flood retaining wall, or. If there is no retaining wall, to private property lines; all private and public property abutting thereon; and La Villita. Said River Walk Area also Includes Crockett Street from the San Antonio River to Alamo Plaza. b. River Walk Easement: That portion of the River Walk Area from the water's edge of the San Antonio River to the V flood retaining wall or to private property lines. / c. La Villita: Consists of that city-owned property In the area between the river. Alamo Street, Nueva Street and Navarro Street. NEW CONSTRUCTION: The general exterior styling of architecture of any new building in the River Walk area must conform to or be In sympathy with early San Antonio architecture. It should Include landscaping and walks which blond with and become a part of the natural landscaping of the Rlvor Walk. Materials must bo Indigenous In character. Design rccommondatlons outlined in paragraph 5 below aro offorod as a guide to accomplish tho aforestatod objcctlvon. RESTRICTIONS: a. Alterations. Style and Architecture: All work performed on the exterior of any building within the River Walk Area must follow the styling and architecture guidelines outlined for new construction In paragraph 3 above. Design should be guided by the recommendations presented In paragraph 5. b. Balconies: No balcony will be added to an existing building without prior approval of the commission as to style and size. An adeguate vertical clearance will be maintained. No overhang will be allowed over the River Walk sidewalk. Wrought iron, turned, wooded railings, or other natural materials are recommended for exterior balconies. c. Encroachment; No construction. Improvements, structures, docoratlons or displays will be undertaken or placed on the River Walk easement without the written approval of the commission. No removal, damage to, change or addition to trcos, plants or landscaping shall bo done with out prior written approval of tho coinnilssloji or the Director, Dopartmcnt of Parks and Recreation. DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS: Besides the Individuality that each building may have, it is hoped that each building's relationship to neighboring structures, as well as the Pa-,eo Del Rio project in general, will be complementary. Sensitivity in design and harjnonlous blending cannot be overemphasized. No pat formula or design system will magically produce the desired result. To aid in promoting this goal, the following suggestions concerning certain materials and specific items aro offorod as a guide. San Antonio has many excellent craftsmen In pottery, metal work and wood carving whoso skills may be utilized effectively. Tho prospective builder or remodelor is urged to consult with experts when formulating hi.s building or remodeling plans. •l:i.- f a. Masonry Materials: (1) Handmade or moulded sand-flnlsh t,rlck laid up with flush or slightly tooled Joints makes a warm and textured wall. (2) Light and subtly contrasted native limestone walls are appropriate. Inspection of the La VllUta area and environs will suggest methods of laying. Jointing and other details. (3) Painted bricks, perhaps In an understated color, may be appropriate In some renovation projects. (4) Stucco wears well and Its application Is very flexible. (5) Mexican masonry products such as SaltlUo tile, halfmoons, natural stones, cast stones, etc. , may be effectively used for paving surfaces, grilles and walls In some cases. b. Sloping Roofs: (1) Metal, either copper, painted standing seam Teme.or galvanized Iron (not corrugated) may be appropriate. (2) Clay barrel or shingle tile roof using the natural warm variegated colors laid somewhat irregularly. Is very effective. c. Other Suggestions: (1) Paneled or carved wood doors (2) Wood or painted steel windows (3) Natural aluminum for storefront, fasciae, etc. , should not be used. However, dark bronzed anodlzed aluminum and similar deep colors can be used effectively In con- Junction with native materials. (4) Wrought Iron and similar metalwork may be considered. (5) Tastefully executed canvas awnings and canopies can be pleasing If not overdone. (6) Louvered shutters, rough-hewn wood beams and lintels reflect a link with the past. (7) Tile, stone, pebble-flnlshed concrete and brick for p>avlng materials aro very effective. (8) Native trees (live oaks, elms, etc.), flowers, potted small troos and plants aro appropriate for landscaping. Tho use of cactus gardens, volcanic rock and palm trees Is discouraged. NOTE: Trite plastic materials and gaudy porcelain panels are strongly discouraged. 6. ZONING: Zoning, permitted uses, and other restrictions are set forth in Ordinance 46742 creating a Special River Walk Overlay District. A copy of this ordinance may be found in this manual. \ ;'Sar^p-aTil / CHAPTER V RESTRICTIONS: SIGNS; NOISE; NUDITY 1. SIGNS: Chapter 34, Division 2 of the City Code, prescribes regulations concerning signs along the River Walk area. The following extracts are herewith cited for the information and guidance of property owners and tenants In the River A^alk area. An exact transcript of Chapter 34, Division 2 Is attached. a. General Prohibition: (1) The display of signs, visual displays, and graphics along the River AAalk Is prohibited, except as herein provided. This provision specifically prohibits the placement of bill boards, credit card decals and all other signs of a miscellaneous character along the River Walk area. (See Section 4 (E) of City Ordinance 46742 for prohibition and for other prohibitions Including bill boards.) (2) No signs shall be displayed from the parapet or roofs of any buildings along the San Antonio River Walk area. b. Signs Permitted - Permit. Approval of Comml.sr.lon Regulred: (1) No person shall erect or alter, or cause to be erected or altered a display sign, visual display or graphic without first obtaining a permit from the Director of Building and Zoning. The existence of a sign, visual display or graphic along the River Walk area shall be prima facie evidence that same was erected or altered by the person or company therein advertised. (2) The Director of Building and Zoning shall provide an application form. Applicant must attach plans, drawings and*peclficatlons necessary to describe the type, size, shape, color, location, construction and materials of proposed sign and the building, structure or premises upon which It is to be placed. (3) The Director of Building and Zoning shall present application and plans and specifications to the River Walk Advisory Commission for consideration and in turn the River Walk Advisory Commission shall report to tho Director of Building and Zoning their approval or denial of the permit. If the recommendation Is not reported to the Director of Building and Zoning within sixty (60) days from date of application. It shall be assumed that the Rlvor Walk Advisory Commission has no objection to tho granting of tho permit. (4) The Director of Building and Zoning shall consider the report of the recommendation of tha River Walk Advisory Commission and shall issue the permit to any applicant whose application compiles with the provisions of Chapter 34, Section 53 of the City Code. (5) Applicant must pay a fee to the Director of Building and Zoning for his permit. (6) No display sign, visual display or graphic shall be displayed in the Rlvor Walk area unless such sign relates to the Rlvor Walk area or unless same advertises a bona fide business conducted in or on the premises adjacent to tho River Walk area, and unless such business has a prominent, in use, entrance to the River Walk. r c. Building Code and Penalty: (1) All display signs, visual displays or graphics along the River Walk area, and all permits Issued for erection or alteration of same, shall further be subject to the regulations set forth In all other articles and divisions of Chapter 34 of the City Code unless in conflict with same, and shall also be subject to the existing regulations of the building code of the city. (2) Any violation of Division 2 of Chapter 34 of the City Code shall be punished by a fine not to exceed two hundred dollars ($200.00). d. Same - Limitation: Only one sign shall be allowed for each store, shop or bona fide place of business, except as herein provided; and this sign shall be no larger than tho maximum size stipulated In this chapter. In those instances where there Is more than one business on any one property in the River Walk area, such directory sign, either In addition to or In place of multiple signs as approved by the Director of Building and Zoning, may be erected. e. Same - Surface Area; (1) In no case shall the area of any sign exceed eight (8) sguare feet per side, the maximum allowable size for any sign In tho River Walk area. (2) If scrip or building surface Is used for signage, the letters or design shall not exceed a surface area ol eight (8) squaru foot. f. Menu Boards: (I) In addition to said sign, a menu board may bo erected by those establishments serving food and/or beverages, where proceeds from sale of such food and/or beverages repre sents 75% or more of their gross receipts; but such sign may not be larger than such establishment's actual menu, but in no case shall the size of such menu board exceed 16 Inches by 22 Inches (16" x 22"). Said menu board must display only the food and/or drink menu (with prices optional), hours of operation, cover charges or minimums . g. Illuminated Sign Restrictions are as Follows: (1) For illuminated signs with lighting fixtures behind the face of the sign, all light sources shall be a steady light concealed. No flashing lights permitted. (2) The face of the sign shall be standard, opaque glass or other substance of equal or smaller light transmission factor. (3) Light source shall be a steady light concealed by a hood or any other method of Indirect lighting approved by the Director of Building and Zoning. V i^ r". "T-.--. ...jn signs are prohibited. / (5) All signs shall be governed by the existing regulations of the City Building Code. (6) All lighting installed by property owners or tenants shall be kept In good and safe repair. All burned out bulbs shall be promptly replaced. NOISE: a. Restrictions on outside amplification are covered by Section 4 (A) of City Ordinance 46742. b. Public address systems or exterior loud speakers will be used for paging only. c. Chapter 25 of the City Code defines In detail applicable noise restrictions. Noise nuisances specifically cited In the City Code Include but are not limited to: (1) Excessively loud playing of radios, phonographs. Juke boxes, nickelodeon or musical Instruments; (2) Loud or vociferous language or soliciting for places of amusement or entertainment; (3) Any animal, fowl or bird which makor. frequent or continued noise; (4) Continued or frequent sounding of horns or other signal devices except as a danger signal; (5) Excessively noisy motor vehicles; (6) Discharge Into open air of excessively noisy exhausts from motor vehicles; (7) Any type of building construction, etc. , between 7 a.m. and 6 p.m. on weekdays, except In the case of extreme and urgent necessity In the Interest of public safety. The Director of Public Works will issue permits for deviation as required. (8) Crying, calling or shouting by any method to attract attention for the purpose of advertising meetings, political rallies, etc; (9) Raucous shouting, yelling, singing, etc., of peddlers, vendors, hawkers or other persons. d. Creating an Unlawful "Noise Nuisance": (1) It is unlawful to create a "noise nuisance" within tho corporate limits of the city or within 5,000 feet thereof. (2) It Is unlawful for any person to permit or allow to be created or caused, a "noise nuisance" within the corporate limits of the city or within 5,000 feet thereof. NUDITY! Definite restrictions covering nudity or partial nudity In a Special River Walk Overlay District, which Includes all of the River Walk area, are found In Section 4 (B) of Ordinance 46742, a copy of which Is contained in this manual. WM\ -tTMifsM CHAPTER VI \ MAINTENANCE, CLEANLINESS AND DRAINAGE RESTRICTIONS 1. GENERAL: a. Areas covered by the policies outlined In this chapter Include the River Walk easement. River Walk area and River Bend as defined In applicable ordinances. b. All Improvements on private property, Improvements by private capital on public property, boats or barges operating In these areas, trees, shrubs, plants and other landscaping located In the aforementioned areas are covered by the regulations and restrictions outlined herein. 2. MAINTENANCE AND CLEANLINESS: a. All walks, stairways and patios Installed by private property owners or tenants on public or private property shall be maintained in good repair. Broken paving, cracks and loose stones or bricks or other paving materia! must be promptly repaired with matching materials. b. Uneven paving, holes or other dcfocts which create a dangerous or inconvenient condition to pedestrians must be promptly repaired or retnodlod. c. All trees, grass, ground cover, shrubs and other landscape materials planted by private property owners or tenants on private or public proporty must be properly maintained and cared for by the business operator using the planted area. d. All Improvements, furniture and fixtures, buildings, walks or fences shall be kept in good repair and shall be kept painted so as to maintain a presentable appearance. e. All lighting Installed by property owners or tenants must be kept In good and safe repair. All burned-out bulbs must be promptly replaced. f. All premises. Including walks, patios, stairways, balconies, boats and barges, will be kept clean of any refuse, trash or garbage. The same must be swept or otherwise properly cleaned after each day's operation and at Intervals during the day as the need arises. g. No trash, refuse, stones, bottles or other materials shall be swept or thrown into the river. 3. GARBAGE AND TRASH STORAGE; See Section 4 (D) of Ordinance 46742 for restrictions on the storage of garbage, trash and other Items. Copy of ordinance contained In this manual. 4. DRAINAGE: a. All downspouts or gutters draining water from roofs or parapets, shall be extended underground under walks and patios to the river water's edge so that such drainage will not erode or other wise damage the river walkways, landscaping or river retaining walls. b. All piping and alr-condltloning waste water systems shall be kept In good repair. Water to be drained purposely from these systems, after being tested and adjudged free from pollution, shall be drained in the same manner prescribed In 4-a above. f- i'^^iS^ r Sec. 42-80. Table of permitted uses. The uses permitted in each district are shown in the following table: TABLE OF PERMITTED USES I-LR-MITTKO USES ' R-A R-1 R-2 R.2A R-3 R-4 R-S R-6 P-1 B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 A^hrwjiMn mnwufutture ' ' Acc^sury uses ~~XX^CXXXX XXX X" Atulwl'iwi 1,11 » ir .Mcunoiit' beveratro, retail sales, (no on- prcniisrs consumption in B-2 district) Alfswui. ulimiii>>itiii I'lndi'oi' stjui'm,a Altering and repairing of wearing apparel A|I|1|M1|«I>IIU I1MPMH9 Aniu'LiiicnWI»WlH|i>>Uft park8 s (comniorcial) CC Anmiul I h»itMi'—gr jxg >>oul»^ (nang«wai<> lii<>w»ni I Aniiiiul niwfit, Inmp biBelt wr benw tiU»«li twawiiIII niiip AwiiHui ri iiiii'iiii»w Aniiiitti I Iftwtfhto Antique store (completely enclosed) Apartmotit hotel Apothecary, limited to the sale of pharma- ceu'ical and medical supplies Appart'l and accessory store (no used raer- ^chandi<;e) X^ Appli2i\ce repair (completely enclosed) X Appfiance itore (retail sales) renair only as incidenuil use (completely enclosed) A»ni nil _ CC CC •Uiej proposed for a PUD-1 will require an appropriate zoning district prefixed by the P-1 deiignation, I.e., .'I ifl-l) ir P-l (B-I). Supp .Vo 88 V 1012.29 / TAni.E OF PERMITTED USES—Cont'd. PER.MITTED USES R-A R-1 R-2 R-2A R-3 R-4 R-5 R C 0-1 B-1 B-2 B 3 B-4 Art fjallcry and/or museum (commercial- retail sale of objets d'art only) Artificial limb assembly ~~ AahfMiiii jmitiii>o iiianiiiii itii»J Aspiiait m\ Ilium muiiulnmiin Auditorium i private) ~ .\ucomobilL' filling station and/or service (all repairs in B-3 District to be com- plctely enclosed) X X AutomohiIej:[as3 s.des and instalbtion X' X Ay> Mi^i ll ll I i> iinxx A>i>u II- 11 u f •nil ' iirul iluHiiliiiliuii I HulilllM'l.i t ^. I n"i*^.M X Au'i iiii.inl •* ' ''"' - "'••• •" ' •"• ' ''I" I -n I I I II II I III III 11, iHii inii. J I X .AuconiuuiiL' (i.irkm^ lots or parkint; parages (commercial I X -Xuioniobiie p.uts sales ininipUiciy enclosed, exclu.liii.: '.vrccking or dismantling; or any type of junl; or salv.mo operation; instal lation or machine shop service nut allowed in G-2) X X Automobile rental ^x xj ^''lll_l_ |i III I LIIIIHlilLH.i,l 11 X i^i'f T I ni 11 'I ll ll raiunj X Automobile storage (not parking lot or garape) •*"' '•• i • ..j.i. I...... j-.i-.- -..,) iin'"'l]-1i in Uniiititi. uil;i' iHilimil in U ii I 1 iiir.ii.nl •! I :py ^•,,.f.,y.>, ii'miiir hit ril bn 4^ll)y •l»mini>f Unt, tttBwnig (owtifly imlmiij) Wait nt»n* X Bakery (retail) X X Unlifry iwlnl.iiU*) X Bank; savuu'^ and loan; trust co. X Rupp. No. 88 V 1012.30 rw. ivaii'di r TABLE OF PEimnTED USES—Cont'd. PERMITTED USES R-A R-1 R2 R:2A R-3 R-1 R-5 R-6 O-l B-l B-2 B-3 B-4 Barber and beauty eciuipment and related tpecialty galea (wholesale) I X Barber or beauty shop ^^^^^^ . X X X X Banliiitg plant (bempuim J pimiiil> G wiaHtha atttiiintwiit m » A, D *> uiid U'4 diJi>iictu> 00 CC CC D»»n>y ii>itw>ii'»»>M»» BiWMiiiifi B>aimii> Supp. No. 88 1012.31 V r TARKE OF PERMITTED USES—Cont'd. PERMITTED US2S R-A R-1 R-2 R-2A R-3 R 4 R-5 R-6 O-l B-J B-2 B-3 B-4 aa iMiiimt utM*\ lin II minimum ut" tiu ift fptiii \)n% jininpiy liw) X Catering shop CiiMinii! > Cmiumi tiiiii-, j,;ipuuiii aiwj plwjlci •iiuiiuim.'- C"w«wiiiiii iwnwiattun awai »p fpniuuim. Churches X X X X X X X X X Giniii. Jental or raedical X X JC ci;^h7;^r:7i"nuia.-LuTT: J{y^M'yg"0^YQ~-^QO~»7 X Club or Ir-ilc" X '^m»mmf X Col.l 'torjje plant x" College iiftemity or sorority house Contractors (completely enclosed, no outside 8tora:;eJ X Coiiiiiiii, iwut lull iHiini^O X Corn I. II • iiuiitj iiimmt'iui tui iini f^' ' I I III ii iiiiliiiii my pi'Hiil in.nijitu»iiiw Cosmeiics (comoounded only) X C» CPIIIIIUIII I< r77iVi ' 4f< Cfwv_Mjj^""- J'^i'i't (flying) Dairy equipment sales (wholesale—com pletely enclosed X X Dairy products sales (retail) X X Dairy pro'i'jcts sales (wholesale) X X Dance hall ^x X Delica'.es-en X DepartniPiiC store X X Dl.li.1 • I III i aapai anij by prpiiuntj' niaiiiii <«i"iif iiBiwi.1 wwiinal fato Di'iwii 1 iijiiii mgmieida.^ et yniaan iwww P»g y»»iii< i«l ylmUo (ixntjauBPft X Drue sales luholesale) X X Dnie store X X Dry clesning X" Dry rleii-.i- 7 ipick up only) Supp, No 83 1012.32 f TABLE OF PERMITTED USES—Cont'd. PER.MITTED USES R A R-1 " R.2 R-2A lO R^li ^1^5^ YCI 04 B1 B^e B1 BT Dry cleaning (limited to five employees) X X~ Dry goods store ~ ~~~ ' X X" Dry goods (wholesale—completely enclosed in B-3) X Dwelling (one-family) X X X X X X X X Dwelling (one-family attached in PUD only) X X^ X X X" Dwelling (two-family) X' X Dwelling (two-family attached in PUD only) X X X X X D.vcliinc: (three family) X X D veiling (four-fainily) X X~ Dwcilinj:. i multiple-family > ^ X X X~ X X Dyi. Miuwm'aiitm • Electric power generator station (primary station) CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC Electric repair (appliances) (completely en- closed) __^ XXX BUnifiii ptpaig uliop ^>tlu>llry amiipiiiant) X Electrical substations (to be enclosed by a fence or wall, minimum G' in height, with physical installation being enclosed by a barrier which constitutes a visual screen; visual screening would not be required in I-l and 1-2 districts) CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC Eltmiiigplmmi; Elevator maintenance and service Exteriiiiiiators (completely enclosed in B-3) X X Fair grounds, baseball park, and stadium CC Farm equipment sales and service (com pletely enclosed in B-3) Farm supplies X X fipiiiiiiif iiwM umli I unitwiwi,, buu iiuu <'af mtml JM'IIKI I )iiiniii»Lil in any iJitiliiii> ui> >wiinii ul i i«ii»«< HP iimpii w>t«»it amii torn iwip iiiiiin»ti»w iiiuiuiiii* *wy iii>i)8«Beli) X Feed store or seed and fertilizer _^ ^ iL. Felt manufacture (cloth) ^_____ flil •lawMi tilupp miipliiiin) fi'i-i »iliLii'i' iwawuini »iirt or piuitcumwB I'inli iimiliO < ini PERMITTED USES R-A R-l R-2 R L'A R-3 R-4 R-5 R-C O-l B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 Florist (wholesale—completely enclosed Food-to-go (retail—no curb service) X X X Food locker plant (retail) Food products manufacture and processing (not rendering) X Food products (wholesale storage and sales I X Food store Fuuniipy Fraternal clubs or lodges (No on-premises sale and/or consumption of alcoholic bev erages nermittod in 0-1 through B-2 dis- trictsi _ X X X X X i >i tgiit iii i^iiimiiii Hiiiii III iimi ii) Fiiilii iliiii •li'lUinu I iinlinlny>tl»i X Fruit and ve^ •table_stan(l or stoi c X X iiMinPiit li»iii.i iHMPHittpy ur until nulling ta I mini X Hwtifl^iUiu iiimiyt'M»4^^^ Ml' ilyiiiifi liiiiiiMiiiui niii( utnipini; (iiq tuimim; nu i Furniture store retail (cuinpletely enclosed) (no repair) Caraiic, public or storage X Garden specialty store X Gas rctrulation st.'ition (screening) CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC cc' Gasoline filling station and/or service (All repairs in B-3 district to be completely enclosed) X JC Gift shop (completely enclosed) X X X Glass (retail sales) (service incideiitui to sales—completely enclosed) X X filass (wholesale sales) "X Glwiia maiuinifluring nnd bliiuu ppinluttu Ww»il««> K Glmii »i»> wi "itnl III IIIUHUIIILUUI W Golf driving range, pitch-and-pult or ininia- ture gulf course X Supp. No. 88 1012.34 V r TABLE OF PERMITTED USES—Cont'd. PEKMITTLI) I SES R-A R-l R-2 R-2A R 3 R-4 R-5 R6 0-1 B-l B-2 B-3 B-4 Golf course and country club, but not driv ing range, pitch-and putt, or miniature golf course CC CC CC X X CC CC X X X X Grocery store (no on-premise sale of aico- i holic bey.'rages and a nia.xiniuiu of ."000 ' square feet of retail floor space allowed in C-l) X X X X Cirocery i wlioiesal..-1 X •V. ninasium (com'.uercial) X X X '•'•••'» Hartlw;irij ;lorc X ~ X X Hardware sales (uh)!t Interior iii'ioraling studio X ~x~ X X Jeweh V store X X X Lahoraior\ (diiit.il or medical) X X X X Laboratorv (rescarih) X X Laboratory (testing) X I. ^ fa l-'jifi^m r TABLE OF PERMITTED USES—Cont'd. PER MITT ED USES • R-A R-l R- R 2A R 3 R-4 R-5 R-C. 0-1 B-l B-. B-3 B-4 Linen supply, diaper service or uniform sup ply I ,., I .....^ ...n.-i^ pi.. .••...^ .p..i^^^^,j.^ a lylialt jt Maiii^KiiiiMii nU iiiftimfiKtwpa L/Oan office X X X X Locksmith X "x X tMiiii>»p»i»pJ awit ImiUiiig mBpeiiinla (itiiuii) LMIIU ini*»i t.iiijHii* m imlliii^ iiiiUa >.TiMarp7oc[iJcts labriTation ^ LllAVtgP TO~^0OC)^ Milliner (custom) X Miilinery manufacture X Millwork and similar wood products manu facture (LlhA\Tep TO 5Q0Q ^ Miniwareliouse (allowed in B-3 by adher ence to c.nditions enumerated in the Zon ing Ordinance. § 42--!.').7, processed by the board of adjustment) Muijik liiiiiiL imdnoi! naplm ii»M»t liam a IWIIKP i>Mii liiimup unHimuHim I'op Mttiii wi« hilo KatiH' iiwi») M;7t el ' ' Motorcycle sales and service (comi)letely en- closed in B-3) Moving and transfer company Music store Nameplate. not exceeding one square foot in area and not illuminated (attached to building) Newsstand X Novelty and souvenir manufacture tt^vKitgizrmiscaL*): Nursery, day rare, or kindergarten (care of X X up to 20 children} X X X X Nursery day care, or kindergarten CC X X X X Nursing home (private) Offices (only) Hi Supp. No 88 1012.3G ^ r TABLE OF PERMirrEI) USES—Cont'd. PERMITTED USES R-jV R-l R-2 Jt-2A R-3 R 4 R-5 R 6 O-l B-l B-2 B 3 B-4 Office equipment and furniture manufacture T^IA^lgT^I^ EUCtQSEP^ Office equipment and supplies (retail) Office equipment and supplies (v/holesale— eomnlftely enclosed irj t) 0^ Oil- niH fll»L> WIIMmiltlltWPII (MMIIII^ MIII I itf Qil I'l III iiiiiiimii wmi iiiatniiii.i"f HIUIIIIIUHUIII Oil 'Veil supplies and machiner\' sales .x^ (.^pfu.il .foods I retail) X X X (Jpric.".! ,;ooili \wholesal completely en- closed in X Optician X X X X' Optometry office X X X I'll III II ll I llll I lln mil r mm 1'wi.iiiii, nnil L,uii|it» iiiitwMliiiimn I'aiiifc.i |ii».'i"«iiitiii' MMiiiwwIui jumiwai iitt^wnpiii H>ainiii Muiwiuwiiui unii wemi tilltrM rwiiu >tw»««»r«»*^ P.ipcr supplies (wholesale) x^ P.isscHL'er depot (railroad or bus) X X P;' vn shoo (completely enclosed in B-3) X X I'mitii iili/i'iiM •iiiirhiin hi 111 p*""" n'I'lC i 4^ X Per-oral services and limited retail' X X Pet shop I completely enclosed) X Pitpi'l iMiii rimnmu'iuPlMi* or ptattojine Pyual.'iiiii «t n»tf< I MihaUialM) Photograpnic equipment and supplies sales (retail) Photographic e(|uipment and supplies sales (wholesale—completely enclosed iw Bill Pliotocrnphic studio yiMJ.U inmiiiii nHMPM I'icture ira.nini: Pipe lines and electrical transmission lines CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC l'iy< atMfin'p lllmiinip iiiji •These uses are intended to serve the reiiJenU of a planned unit development only. DocumenUtion thall be required to prove that the types and within the development. Supp. N*. 88 1012.37 V :-a PER Mitt E DJJ SE S ^ ZZZZZZZ R A R-l R R-2A R 3 R-l R-5 R-6 0-1 B-f B-2 B 3 B-4 Plant nursery (one acre minimum, no sales or advertising iigns on property; acces sory buildinijs permitted not to exceed a total 01 GO square feet nor to be closer than 50 ft. to the front property line nor to any abutting residential zone; no out side stor.ige of equipment or other iiia- terials except live plant material) X X Plant nursery sales, groeiiliou.-^e (retail sales I I no outside storage in B-J e.Kcept Hve plant material) X X 11 n' niir-cr\, _'ri ••.ilioi: .o iwliok- iL) X X tilllillKil lilill I l|i» Pl.iMrr'i'jnd equipment manuniciiiro Plumbiii'.^ fixture sales, (coiiipletoty en closed) (retail) X X Plumbini: :i\tiiu'^los_(wliok-.-alo) X Post oi'lice X "X ^'«||i^^^|.| >i -•4. IIUM il»ll' il|l I I nUilll) H^.ll... .,1 .... • i 1.. .. p —.Ify •t...-o^. mtmkmf* I'nii!i|<| ii|i III mm uini iiw, IHMUPI|| X X X I'lin.iro r'ri\ute club (alcoholic beverages ilispensed as a service in a private club is allowed as an .iccc-sori' use in no more resiriciive _zone than an R-3 District) CC CC CC CC CC CC X X kiirnririii ni.ii .i:'U7li., i •.^ pi., • .. ^ l<".'iio stat-.oii. u itli tiaiismittcr tower C.C CC CC liailio station or studio, without transmitter ti.wer x_ X lU'auiiiu' room X X X X Recreation facility, neighborhood. No sale of alcoholic beverages is iiermittcd in tho "P. 1" through the "•11-2" Districts, except that alcoholic beverages may In: di.^pen .Su|i|i No firf V 101238 ( r TABLE OF PERMITTED USES—Cont'd. ~^ PERMITTED L>ES R-A R 1 R R 2A R-3 R-4 R-5 R-C 0-1 B-l B-2 B-3^ Rug_cleaning (completely enclosed) J 1. X X Bniiit UP »iiaM»i III PIii|M yi Caiii.rlip«H»»^wpww ^tllllti IKIIIIHI *M4» tiliiw »tw niii MPtlMyl p>ti) CC Studio for professional work or teaching of any form of f:ne arts, photography, music, drama, dance, painting, etc. X X SWMI|»P< lill^ «>»*<«><»«l-iM»lim'l>lltMH Surgical or dental supplies store Surgical or dental supplies (wholesale— compl<»'ely enclosed in 1) i)) Cf IMip ^«»»««««*««t« T» iliiiiiiiMinii >iiJia» l>»i»if»»tMP> Tavern X Ta.viilcrn ist X Supp. No. fS ioi2.3n V -V Ir^jtM / TABLE OF PER.MITTED USES PERMITTED USES ' R-A R-l R 2 R 2A R-3 R 4 R-5 0-1 B-l B 3 jB-r lelephonc company business office or switch^ ing center CC CC CC CC CC X X x_ Telephone or utility^company jer\ice center^ CC CC" CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC _cc_ T^"'^^''.^.'"."..?'_?_'ions, with tran"smitte7~to\vcr~ CC CC" Television station or studio withoufTraVs^ CC _niitter tower X X X Textile manufacture ~mwuTep-^TT '^otrr^ X Theater (indoor) J~x"~ Theater (outdoor.^nc[uding .Irive-in theater! ' ~ "X X Tile^mjinuVacturer (ccraniic) ~7~jji]^l^[5jcn--j^2.^ MM • III I 'iiumMPiiP luiii.iy maiiuiunun. . 'X'^^tHlt** I'PMt 'IIHIMI* X Tobacco store Til i| niiinrii'ixiiMx Tool rental (^completely enclosed) x"^ T^uM^uiHi^j^ u^t_i.J uutiide aii'iiu^iTr x' Tourist riome X x' Town house (sec section 42-(i8.1) X "x Toy manufacture _XiMilfi2I3S x Toy store "*): x Trade school (Commercial) TpttiliiP iiuMito, HiMiit iiiivu a wntwi miij ge^iIT^ «i)nii< Suiqi. No. 88 1012.10 X CD O r-^ni^^K^KI^K^mt^Ktm^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^mmmaammmstisit^ The following is a reprint of the Regional 85 Study, 'r rrt;'.cg / Figure 14. Har(j-Soft Property Analysis EXISTING PROPERTIES THAT WILL BE VIABLE THROUGH 1985 wj Y ^^— - -^Jl'.^.'- .-' -.7.1—i«a£" V r F-gureis. Development Units V ..A 'ii • (IVi riTijittil *i / Figure 16 Service an(d Utility Syst' Figure 17 Street System / ji^'^'-U J j ^=*.^frL_4 f- •- - i ^&^^i r / Figure 18. Parking Elements *'.-» •*,•>;''Pv|f?^lt^ ^ /' . iB:, mum " i:: , ,1 . ;:-r> |^^' i / Figure 19 Upper Level Walkways Pecdestrian \ \ ^'1 \ \ \ .'I \\ *"'^*»»« .- P1 --ipa'S' '• ii; Ml"' 1'<5>o^. fl ,-- ' /r ^; ••w Viom / Figure 20 Multi-mo(dal Transit -r*v.*:StT. I" • , -•, 111 f Figure 21 Residential Properties r 'rSUS'l r iTMJiiip'' / Figure 22. Hotels ^i\V 4J>;^ u-' '' , ll—If ' ' I I / •-T I ,> '• ~ --' ^/ ^ ;. 5 ;pn,Q W V Figure 23 Govemment/lnstitutional Facilities \\. i\ .'/"''{J '^ i.V..ir. \r^\v\J^ r / Figure 24, Retail Space '/< D V ,,:i:i2iv. W'^am V / Figure 26. Open Space > ^.muM W] ir/-:i„ _^-^.';^ / In recommending the Local designation to the City Council, the 2k)ning Com District mission took note of the fact that some $16 million of public funds have been Approved committed or have applica tions pending for improve by Zoning ments in the area. It was felt , that this commitment of Commission public dollars more than The local Alamo Plaza justified the architectural Historic District has been review procedures that would approved by the City Zoning be insured by property ov. ner? Commission and referred to in the area. the City Council for their adoption later this month. Most of the proposed overlay district is in the already listed National Register Historic District. The local district would provide for review procedures for both rehabilitation and new construction that are not applicable in a national district unless federal monies are used. In addition, the local district includes struc tures not listed in the national district. Several of these property owners have request ed this expanded local district so that they can take advantage of the provisions of the 1976 Tax Act. J -H--fr:Jta f>. #*'*Airf emg**'^ \ c-fj*"^ «19 trr-r: ^___ slides "••'•'iiJfl»-'; " f-'^ll^l^^^^^li^HHHHHBHHHHHHHH^HHi^^^Hl^^i^^iHHMHMHHHBBnM^Haifijrr ..Tj^-^nE mt^m