pathogens Article Insecticidal Activity of Bacteria from Larvae Breeding Site with Natural Larvae Mortality: Screening of Separated Supernatant and Pellet Fractions Handi Dahmana 1,2 , Didier Raoult 1,2, Florence Fenollar 2,3 and Oleg Mediannikov 1,2,* 1 IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
[email protected] (H.D.);
[email protected] (D.R.) 2 IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; fl
[email protected] 3 IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +33-(0)4-13-73-24-01; Fax: +33-(0)4-13-73-24-02 Received: 15 May 2020; Accepted: 17 June 2020; Published: 18 June 2020 Abstract: Mosquitoes can transmit to humans devastating and deadly pathogens. As many chemical insecticides are banned due to environmental side effects or are of reduced efficacy due to resistance, biological control, including the use of bacterial strains with insecticidal activity, is of increasing interest and importance. The urgent actual need relies on the discovery of new compounds, preferably of a biological nature. Here, we explored the phenomenon of natural larvae mortality in larval breeding sites to identify potential novel compounds that may be used in biological control. From there, we isolated 14 bacterial strains of the phylum Firmicutes, most of the order Bacillales. Cultures were carried out under controlled conditions and were separated on supernatant and pellet fractions. The two fractions and a 1:1 mixture of the two fractions were tested on L3 and early L4 Aedes albopictus. Two concentrations were tested (2 and 6 mg/L).