Images of Mary Magdalene
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Mary Magdalene As Disciple, Witness, and Icon Giotto, Crucifixion Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, ca. 1320 Detail, Giotto, Crucifixion Masaccio (1401-1428) Crucifixion, 1426 Detail, Masaccio, Crucifixion Rogier van der Weyden (1400-1464) Deposition, ca. 1435 Detail, Rogier van der Weyden Deposition Fra Bartolomeo (1473-1517) Deposition, 1515 Detail, Bartolomeo, Deposition The Three Marys at the Empty Tomb, San Marco, Venice, Mosaic, late 12th century Duccio, The Three Marys at the Tomb, 1308-11 Detail, Duccio, The Three Marys at the Tomb Maurice Denis (1870-1943 ) The Holy Women Near the Tomb, 1894 Pietro Lorenzetti (1280-1348) Mary Magdalene with Alabaster Jar, ca. 1330 Edward Burne-Jones (1833-1898) The Morning of the Resurrection, 1882 Duccio, Appearance to Mary Magdalene (Noli Me Tangere), 1308-11 Giotto, Noli Me Tangere (Assisi), 1320s Titian (1486-1576) Noli Me Tangere, ca. 1512 Circle of Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) Noli Me Tangere Calendar Image, Noli Me Tangere (date unknown) Mary Magdalene and the Apostles Saint Albans Psalter, c.1140-1150 Paolo Veronese (1528-1588) Feast at the House of Simon, 1567-70 Detail, Veronese, Feast at the House of Simon Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) At the Home of Simon, 1618 The Unnamed Sinner of GLuke 7 The Unnamed Sinner /Anointer: Gospel of Luke 7:36-50 7:36 One of the Pharisees asked Jesus to eat with him, and he went into the Pharisee's house, and took his place at the table. 37 And learned that he was eating in the Pharisee's house, an alabaster jar of ointment feet weeping, and began to bathe his feet with her tears and to dry them with her hair. Then she continued kissing his feet and anointing them with the ointment…. 47 Jesus said, “Her sins, which were many, have been forgiven: hence she has shown great love.” Titian (1486-1576) Penitent Magdalene, 1530s Titian (1486-1576) Penitent Magdalene, c. 1560 Caravaggio (1573-1610) Penitent Magdalene, 1596-97 Francesco Trevisani (1656-1746) Mary Magdalene in Penitence, 1710-15 Georges de la Tour (1593-1652) Magdalene of Night Light, 1630-35 Simon Vouet (1590-1649) St, Mary Magdalene Contemplating, 1623 Gerard Seghers (1591-1651) Repentant Magdalen, 1630 Carlo Dolci, Mary Magdalene, 1660 Simon Vouet, Magdalene Carried by Angels, ca. 1640 Caravaggio Mary Magdalene in Ecstasy, 1606 Spanish/Portuguese (18th-19th Century) Mary Magdalene (Ivory) Donatello (1386-1466), Magdalene, 1457 (Wood) Detail, Donatello, Magdalene (1457) Disciple and Witness at the Cross: GMark and Synoptic Parallels Gospel of Mark 15:40-47 ( + parallels in Matthew and Luke) 40 There were also women looking on from a distance; among them were James the younger and of Joses, and Salome. 41 These used to follow him and provided for him when he was in Galilee; and there were many other women who had come up with him to Jerusalem. Witness at the Empty Tomb: GMark and Synoptic Parallels Gospel of Mark 16:1-8 ( + par. in Matt and Lk) 1 When the sabbath was over, mother of James, and Salome bought spices, so that they might go and anoint him. 2 And very early on the first day of the week, when the sun had risen, they went to the tomb….5 As they entered the tomb, they saw a young man, dressed in a white robe, sitting on the right side; and they were alarmed. 6 But he said to them, ‘Do not be alarmed; you are looking for Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He has been raised; he is not here. Look, there is the place they laid him. 7 and Peter that he is going ahead of you to Galilee; there you will see him, just as he told you.’ the tomb, for terror and amazement had seized them; and they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid. Witnesses of the Resurrection: The Gospel of Matthew Gospel of Matthew 28:1, 8-10, 16-20 1 After the sabbath, as the first day of the week was dawning, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary So they left the tomb quickly with fear and great joy, and ran to tell his disciples. 9 ‘Greetings!’ And they came to him, took hold of his feet, and worshipped him. go and tell my brothers to go to Galilee; there they will see me.’... 16 Now the 11 disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain to which Jesus had directed them. 17 When they saw him, they worshipped him; but some doubted. 18 And Jesus came and said to them, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. 19 Go there and make disciples of all nations, baptizing Disciple in Galilee: Gospel of Luke 8 Gospel of Luke 8:1-3 1 Soon afterwards he went on through cities and villages, proclaiming and bringing the good news of the kingdom of God. some women who had been cured of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary, called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out, steward Chuza, and Susanna, and many others, who provided for them out of their resources. Witness of the Empty Tomb and Resurrection: The Gospel of John I Gospel of John 19:25, 20:1-14 19:25 and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 20:1 Early on Magdalene came to the tomb and saw that the stone had been removed from the tomb. 2 So she ran and went to Simon Peter and the other disciple, the one whom Jesus loved, and said to them, ‘They have taken the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid him.’.. 10 Then the disciples returned to their homes. 11 But Mary stood weeping outside the tomb. As she wept, she bent over to look into the tomb; 12 and she saw two angels in white, sitting where the body of Witness of the Resurrection: The Gospel of John II Gospel of John 20:15-18 15 Jesus said to her, ‘Woman, why are you weeping? For whom are you looking?’ Supposing him to be the gardener, she said to him, ‘Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have laid him, and I will take him away.’ 16 Jesus said to her, ‘Mary!’ She turned and said to him in Hebrew, ‘Rabbouni!’ (which means Teacher). 17 Jesus said to her, ‘Do not hold on to me (Latin: not yet ascended to the Father. But go to my brothers and say to them, “I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.” ’ 18 Mary Magdalene went and announced to the disciples, ‘I have seen the Lord’; and she told them that he had said these things to her. 5 Significant Features of the Gospel of John’s Portrayal of Mary Magdalene n Mary Magdalene speaks in the Gospel of John, and she weeps n Jesus addresses her by name; she thus comes to recognize him n She is the first witness of the resurrection (as in the Gospel of Matthew) n She is commissioned by Jesus to proclaim the resurrection to “the disciples” n She becomes the first apostle, the apostle to the apostles, as she announces: n “I have seen the Lord” (20:18) Apostle to the Apostles Saint Albans Psalter, c.1140-1150 The Unnamed Sinner and Mary Magdalene in Luke 7 & 8 The Unnamed Sinner / Anointer: Gospel of Luke 7:36-50 7:36 One of the Pharisees asked Jesus to eat with him, and he went into the Pharisee's house, and took his place at the table. 37 the city, who was a sinner, Pharisee's house, brought him at his feet dry them with her hair. Then she continued kissing his feet and anointing them with the ointment…. Mary Magdalene as Disciple in Galilee: Gospel of Luke 8:1-3 1 Soon afterwards he went on through cities and villages, proclaiming and bringing the good news of the kingdom of God. 2 as well as some women who had been cured of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary, called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out, Joanna, the wife of Herod’s steward Chuza, and Susanna, and many others, who provided for them out of their resources. The Composite Magdalene Pope Gregory the Great, Homily 33, 591 CE We believe that woman John calls Mary (Mary of Bethany), and that Mary from whom Mark says seven demons were cast out. And what did these seven devils signify, if not all the vices?... It is clear, brothers, that the woman previously used the ointment to perfume her flesh in forbidden acts.... She had coveted with earthly eyes, but now through penitence these are consumed with tears. She displayed her hair to set off her face, but now her hair dries her tears. She had spoken proud things with her mouth, but in kissing the Lord's feet, she now planted her mouth on the Redeemer's feet.... For every delight, therefore, she had had in herself, she now immolated herself. order to serve God entirely in penance wrongly held God in contempt. Detail, Masaccio, Crucifixion Titian (1486-1576) Penitent Magdalene, c. 1560 The Early Life of St. Mary Magdalene: The Golden Legend Jacobus de Voragine, O. P. (1230-1298), Legend Mary is called Magdalene, which is understood to mean “remaining guilty,” or it means armed, or unconquered, or magnificent. These meanings point to the sort of woman she was before, at the time of, and after her conversion. She was wellborn, descended of royal stock... With her brother Lazarus and her sister Martha she owned Magdalum.