YEARS 1965 - 2016 1965 - FERRY, CRUISE, RO-RO AND HIGH-SPEED INFORMATION FOR PROFESSIONALS 51 • NOVEMBER 2016 • NO.11

TEXELSTROOM KONINGSDAM SPITSBERGEN IHM MANAGEMENT

FERRY ON ORDER THEME TEXELSTROOM THE EPITOME OF THE HYBRID FERRY WITH A WOW TEXT: PHILIPPE HOLTHOF PHOTOS: MIKE LOUAGIE

The double-ended Wadden Island ferry TEXELSTROOM is cleaner, more sustainable and more cost-eicient than any other ferry that operates in this part of the world. The ship’s eco credentials together with its signa- ture exterior lines and stunning interior design undoubtedly makes it one of the revelations of the year!

NOV 16 – SHIPPAXCFI 13 ESO, the Royal Texels Eigen prepared in 2008 on behalf of TESO. there were about 140 so-called ‘ambu- Stoomboot Onderneming, is a Although still a relatively under-the- lance’ trips, i.e. one every 2.5 nights. Tfairly atypical ferry operator for radar destination, the isle of Initially, TESO envisaged an im- it is a non-proit organisation that is has increasingly grown in popularity, proved and green version of its Damen- largely controlled by the inhabitants ranking in Lonely Planet’s latest top built DOKTER WAGEMAKER. How- of the isle of Texel, the westernmost, ten list of places to visit in Europe. The ever, instead of building a ‘DOKTER largest and most populated island of all only way to reach Texel is by ferry with WAGEMAKER 2.0’, an entirely new the Wadden Islands. Primarily acting TESO, obviously, taking full advantage design was developed from scratch by for the beneit of the island residents, of this situation. However, with tourist Dutch naval architecture consultancy ofering an eicient, reliable, aford- numbers increasing more rapidly than C-Job Naval Architects in conjunc- able and high-quality lifeline service is forecast in 2008, the unspoiled isle that tion with compatriot Vripack who was what the TESO philosophy is all about. is famous and beloved for its magnii- responsible for the exterior styling and Not to mention the company’s commit- cent dunescapes, deserted white-sand the refreshing interior design. Thus ment to environmental sustainability as beaches and pine forests risks to become far, TESO’s ships had been designed the Wadden Sea, the largest unbroken a victim of its own success. In order to by ‘Bureau voor Scheepsbouw’ (BvS), system of intertidal sand and mud lats avoid this, the number of tourist beds on a company that no longer had the in the world, is a very sensitive area and the island is limited to 45,000 – a igure manpower to do so. A total of seven re- a UNESCO World Heritage site. that has almost been reached. nowned national and international naval The TESO mantra is also deeply architecture irms were asked to tender inbred in the DNA of the brand new ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABIL- but C-Job was selected on the basis of TEXELSTROOM which has just been ITY AND RELIABILITY ARE KEY its innovative ideas, pro-active thinking introduced on the 15 to 20-minute and talent to put the customer irst. crossing between ‘t Horntje on the isle As TESO feels responsible for preserv- Based on the transportation fore- of Texel and the Dutch mainland port of ing the area’s natural richness, it has casting that should take the new ferry Den Helder, a distance of 4.2 km. put eco-friendliness at the forefront of to 2040, TESO called for a ship with Barely ive years after the intro- TEXELSTROOM’s design. All pos- a 10 per cent higher car intake within duction of its 2005-built DOKTER sible ‘green solutions’ were considered the same windage area as DOKTER WAGEMAKER, TESO already started to from both a sustainable and economic WAGEMAKER, a requirement imposed think about a successor, the capacity of perspective. The bottom line was to by the government. Also the ship’s which was driven by a long-term traic reduce energy consumption and the displacement had to remain unchanged, forecast which DTV Consultants had dependence on fossil fuels by at least whereas the berths dictated a moulded 25 per cent. The objective was twofold: beam similar to that of DOKTER Some facts and igures improving the ecological footprint on WAGEMAKER. All these limitations the one hand and reaping signiicant proved to be challenging with several about TESO savings meant to keep tarifs as low as possibilities to increase the car capacity • 13,677 crossings were performed in possible on the other. On top of that, re- being examined, including the addition 2015 liability also played an important role in of a lower hold similar to that found on • Over 3,100 shareholders, the majority the design of the ship and its propulsion a typical Norwegian ferry. This concept, of whom are Texel residents. systems. Since there are no hospitals on however, was discarded since the ten- • 70 per cent of the passengers are tourists - 30 per cent are islanders or the island, patients rely on the ferry to minute turnarounds could no longer be commuters bring them by ambulance to a mainland guaranteed. • TESO will celebrate 110 years next hospital. This is an altogether cheaper Cleverly, C-Job proposed a T- year. and more reliable solution than using a shaped cross section with a cantilevered • TEXELSTROOM is TESO’s second helicopter on which the other Wadden superstructure, a shape that could be ship to bear this name. The irst Islands rely due to the much longer achieved thanks to the fairly low moor- TEXELSTROOM was introduced in sailing distances. During the night, the ing posts in either port, although some 1966, exactly 50 years ago. TESO ferry is tied up in the port of ‘t minor modiications were required. Horntje, but remains stand-by. Last year, This T-shape efectively means a lateral

14 SHIPPAXCFI – NOV 16 TESO is largely controlled by the inhabitants of the isle of Texel

extension of the upper car deck and the saloon deck without afecting the moulded beam on the waterline. The increased width corresponds to an extra car lane on either side of the up- per car deck. These two extra car lanes in combination with a hull that is ive metres longer, equals to a 14 per cent higher car intake. Notwithstanding the hull being stretched, the windage area has not been increased. This is mainly attributed to major improvements that have been made to the arrangement of the uppermost deck. The position of the wheelhouses has been lowered. They are no longer towering above the techni- cal areas, but have rather been placed in front of them. DOKTER WAGEMAKER had four fairly tall funnels which have been replaced by a pair of small funnels whilst the rotunda-shaped sky lounge TEXELSTROOM’s T-shaped cross section that has disappeared. force. Thanks to the design change by resulted in a cantilevered superstructure - an C-Job, based on this CFD, the drag coef- idea from C-Job Naval Architects - is shown A BIG SAY IN THE DESIGN FROM icient could be reduced by at least two to full advantage. It efectively created two EVERYDAY USERS per cent. extra car lanes on the upper car deck. DOKTER WAGEMAKER (in the background) has just one The hydrodynamically optimised car lane on either side of the casings. From an early stage, passengers, crew hull form was tank tested by Vienna and staf as well as TESO’s sharehold- Model Basin, one of the oldest and most ers and stakeholders were asked for experienced institutes that provides their input based on the following services in ship design and maritime question: “What would you improve or operations. change when designing a new DOKTER The ‘old’ and the ‘new’: unlike DOKTER WAGEMAKER?”. Roughly 600 answers EVERY INCH A GREEN VESSEL WAGEMAKER, TEXELSTROOM has no sky were collected and since they mostly lounge on the uppermost deck. To further opti- made sense, over 400 recommenda- Given TESO’s genuine care for na- mise the windage area, the latter ship has also two fairly small funnels as opposed to four ture, the implementation of green tions have been implemented with some taller funnels on DOKTER WAGEMAKER. minor suggestions really standing for a big improvement. CFD analyses of wind behaviour were carried out by Van Oossanen Naval Architects to determine the lateral wind VRIPACK ©:

NOV 16 – SHIPPAXCFI 15 TEXELSTROOM’s sustainable credentials in a nutshell: • CNG/diesel electric propulsion • 1.6 MWh lithium polymer batteries • 700 m² of solar panels • Heat recovery • Low energy consumption in the public and crew spaces • Auto-mooring in Den Helder

technologies hitherto not found on DOKTER WAGEMAKER was beyond dispute. For the main propulsion system, TESO opted for dual-fuel engines and therefore initially looked at LNG. The company gained irst-hand experience from visits to VIKING GRACE and the double-ended BOKNAFJORD. Closer study revealed that from a logistics point of view, LNG was not the best solution. In addition to the supply problem, the ambulance crossings would be in jeop- ardy as TESO understandably planned the complex LNG bunkering operations during the night whilst alongside in ‘t Horntje. Even so, TESO remained con- vinced about the advantages of natural gas as it is a no sulphur fuel that emits zero particulates. CO2 and NOx emis- sions are reduced by up to 20 and 90 per cent respectively, with little or no smoke and smell. An alternative for LNG was found in the form of CNG which in the TESO business case comes at a cheaper cost per MW of power than either diesel or LNG. Although less complex than TEXELSTROOM boasts 462 solar panels the bunkering of LNG, TESO carefully transportation cost. – equivalent to 700 m² – the energy of studied the operation of CNG powered Since TEXELSTROOM only makes which is stored in batteries. local buses in nearby -Zuid. An short crossings between 6 AM and 10 on-shore compressor station was built PM, the cylinder banks provide more next to the ferry port of ‘t Horntje with than enough energy to give the ship 1.5 the gas being delivered by PitPoint di- days of autonomy to run on CNG only. rectly from the local gas network. It has Bunkering of the CNG takes between a pressure of 8 bar and is compressed to four and ive hours, but it can easily be 200 bar before being delivered on board interrupted in case of an unexpected where it is stored in cylinder banks ambulance trip. stowed in two ixed 40 foot containers As part of the hybrid package, that are permanently mounted aft of the TEXELSTROOM has 462 solar panels wheelhouses. The banks have a total ca- - equivalent to 700 m² - itted on the pacity of 68 m³ and through an on-deck uppermost deck. Charging batteries that decompression installation the gas is supplement the other energy sources, transported to the engine room at 6 bar the solar panels have a ixed inclina- to inally be injected at zero pressure. tion of 15° and are all facing Den Helder One of the advantages of LNG versus which is the southern side. A single CNG is that you need less storage capac- crossing requires 1,900 kWh, 350 kWh ity as it occupies only one-six hundredth the volume of natural gas as opposed to one-two hundredth the volume in a Corvus Energy supplied the energy storage compressed state at 200 bar. CNG, on system which comprises a total of 252 x 6.5 the other hand, is more cost efective kWh lithium polymer AT6500-48V batteries than LNG since the latter fuel has a high installed on either end of the engine deck.

16 SHIPPAXCFI – NOV 16 of which for the hotel load. Under opti- when on stand-by, is renewable energy BELGIAN ENGINES mum conditions, the photovoltaic pan- supplied by the local grid of Texel with els provide some 150 kWh, equivalent some of the electricity being stored in Dutch domestic ferries together with to 40 to 45 per cent of the hotel load or the battery banks. the German and Danish ferries in the 8 per cent of the total energy consump- Already 2.5 years ago, two Cavotec Wadden Sea area are not classiied as tion. TESO has gone to great lengths to MoorMaster 400A10 units were installed seagoing vessels but rather as an inland reduce the onboard energy consumption in the port of Den Helder which resulted vessel with the so-called ‘salt ferry’ after a study made by the Technical Uni- in huge environmental and inancial designation. As per ‘salt ferry’ require- versity of Eindhoven revealed that over beneits as the engines, previously run- ments, it is not allowed to have wa- 30 per cent of the total energy consump- ning the entire time to keep the ship at tertight doors in the bulkheads below tion on DOKTER WAGEMAKER came berth, could be idled. Besides saving over the waterline. Consequently, it is only from the hotel side. Intelligent lighting 150,000 litres of fuel, CO2 and NOx emis- possible to go from one compartment to sensors have been installed throughout sions were reduced by 450 and 6.2 tonnes the other via the main deck which has TEXELSTROOM together with over respectively, not to mention the curtail- split engine casings with stairways to 2,400 ultra-energy eicient LED lamps. ing of seabed erosion in the port. the lower and upper decks. Canadian energy storage specialists Also TEXELSTROOM takes full As beits a double-ended ferry, TEX- Corvus Energy supplied the energy stor- advantage of the Cavotec automooring ELSTROOM has a symmetrical conigu- age system which comprises a total of system as the engine keeps on running ration which is also largely relected in 252 x 6.5 kWh lithium polymer AT6500- with the load being used to charge the the engine room. There are two separate 48V batteries installed on either end of batteries. Usually TEXELSTROOM main engine rooms that each boasts the engine deck. With a total capacity of operates on one CNG powered engine a pair of Anglo Belgian Corporation’s 1.6 MWh, the battery banks increase one only that runs at a constant speed with (ABC) medium speed engines from the of the corvuspropulsion eiciency and the batteries having enough capacity to well-proven DZ family. ABC has a loyal made the installation of smaller genera- catch up the large luctuations in energy following in inland shipping and as they tors possible while acting as a powerful requirements in the berthed, berthing, were the sole manufacturer that ofered backup which enables the entire ferry to manoeuvring, accelerating and transit a dual-fuel solution on a 2,000 kW operate solely on battery power in case phases. Obviously, peak shaving through engine, they were the obvious choice of an emergency. the use of battery power further reduces for TESO. The engine room on the ‘Den The electricity required at night fuel consumption. Helder’ side of the vessel holds the two

The MOB boat comes in the form of a water scooter that is launched from the bicycle deck – Deck 4.

The two single fuel (diesel) engines are similar to the dual-fuel ones and have been installed for redundancy’s sake. All four engines drive generators that provide electrical power to the four Rolls-Royce azimuth thrusters.

18 SHIPPAXCFI – NOV 16 The main vehicle deck’s full-height central part between the engine The outer car lanes on the main vehicle deck (one on either side of the casings with colour coded stairs has four truck lanes or alternatively casings) have a height of 2.6m with the upper level being occupied by ive lanes for cars. the semi-open bicycle deck.

To connect with the existing linkspans, the access doors on the Weather permitting, the upper part of the two-piece access doors can main and upper level are ofset to the ship’s Wadden Sea side. be opened for ventilation purposes during the crossing.

The upper car deck can accommodate 209 cars. On a clear day, it gets plenty of natural daylight through large windows, largely There are also large windows on both sides of the main deck; it replacing more expensive artiicial lighting. improves comfort and speeds up loading operations.

20 SHIPPAXCFI – NOV 16 One of the advantages of LNG versus CNG is that you need less storage capacity

diesel/CNG dual-fuel Tier III engines casings, passengers are allowed to stay decks are nevertheless covered with an of the12DZD type, running at a maxi- in their vehicles during the crossing. anti-slip coating from Bolidt, the Dutch mum 1,000 rpm with an output of 2,000 For their comfort, and in order to speed deck covering specialist that also sup- kW. As CNG is used as the principal up loading operations, the single outer plied the looring in the accommodation fuel, the two 12DZC Tier II single fuel car lanes get natural daylight through and crew areas as well as the outer decks. (diesel) engines have been installed for large rectangular windows. Unlike the Both the crossing itself and the redundancy’s sake or when full power is double-height central part of the main turnarounds are really short and for this required during an ambulance trip. vehicle deck, the outer car lanes have reason, orientation of the passengers is All four engines drive generators the height of a single deck (2.6m) as the paramount. To easily ind the way back that were supplied by Indar. These pro- upper level is occupied by a bicycle deck to the car, the stairs are colour-coded vide electrical power to the twin Rolls- on either side. There is direct access for and show a number together with a Royce azimuth thrusters at each end both cyclists and foot passengers fore seabird that can be spotted on the isle of of the vessel. The 360 degree rotatable and aft with plenty of bicycle parking Texel. In the accommodation, the back- propulsors guarantee superior manoeu- racks being at the passenger’s disposal. lit cutout bird signs together with the vrability and give the ship a service The bicycle/foot passenger decks are stair numbers are clearly displayed on speed of 10.5 to 11 knots, the maximum partially open on the sides but are well- decorative panels that are an integrated speed being 15.4 knots. protected from the elements thanks to part of the decoration. Energy saving is further demon- the cantilevered superstructure that Large elevators can be found on strated through heat recovery from the contains the upper car deck with a ca- either end of the vehicle decks with a cooling of the dual-fuel engines. A ther- pacity of 209 cars. This upper car deck smaller type in each casing. mal water tank of 90 m³ on the tank top has a clear height of 3.10m and thanks deck is heated to around 85° C with the to its lateral extension, two extra car THE TEXEL EXPERIENCE STARTS heated water ensuring overnight heat- lanes could be created, resulting in two ON BOARD ing when the vessel is in stand-by mode. lanes on either side of the casings. These side garages come with large expanses Both for the ship’s exterior and interior SEMI-GLAZED CAR DECKS of glass on the outer sides with natural design, Vripack was inspired by the daylight replacing artiicial lighting. The vibrant Wadden area and the adjacent TEXELSTROOM follows the typi- energy consumption is further reduced dune landscape. The ship’s silhouette cal horizontal division that was irst thanks to a more eicient ventilation resembles the outlines of the little tern introduced by TESO on its 1980-built strategy. Weather permitting, the top whereas the exceptionally large win- MOLENGAT, albeit on a much larger hinged upper part of the access doors dows together with the contours of the scale. The main vehicle deck has four on the main deck remain open for lighting recesses in the ceiling take the truck lanes or alternatively ive car natural ventilation purposes reducing shape of pinecone scales. lanes between the casings with a car sensor-activated forced ventilation to The island experience is also re- lane on the outer sides. Due to the tight a minimum. To be compatible with the lected in the colour palette with shades turnaround times, there are no hoistable linkspan, the driveway with the access of green, beige, brown and blue much in car decks and the main deck has a total doors is ofset to the Wadden Sea side of evidence. capacity of 171 cars or a combination of the ship. The open plan saloon deck has 34 12-metre trucks and 52 cars. With Due to the nature of the crossing, no a fairly symmetrical layout with the unisex toilet facilities on hand in the lashing points are required but the car ‘Op de boot’ restaurant’s servery area

People no longer have to stand in line to purchase drinks and The free-low concept allows for a more lexible operation of the snacks. The ‘Op de Boot’ restaurant has a large free-low servery restaurant and shop. that doubles as a souvenir shop.

NOV 16 – SHIPPAXCFI 21 surrounded by seating areas on both sides and both ends. Unlike the earlier generation, it feels extremely light, airy and extravert thanks to the large win- dows that ofer great views onto the Wadden Sea. The tiered ceiling with a higher than normal ceiling for the aisle sides further enhances the feeling of spaciousness. Lengthwise, the saloon deck is uninterrupted but two 8m by 2.5m ire curtains divide it into three ire zones. The seamless looring is a combina- Easy orientation is enhanced by coloured bird signs that come together with the stair num- tion of browns and beiges. The former ber. The backlit cutout signs are clearly and colour is used for the walkways, refer- attractively displayed on decorative panels. ring to the shoals or mudlats in the area

The capacious accommodation deck covers three zones: the central zone with the servery area, a more introvert part with leaning benches that are arranged around raised tables supported by wooden mooring poles and the extrovert outer ends. A typical pine tree from Texel takes pride of place in the seating lounge on the Wadden Sea side of the vessel. It has a higher than normal ceiling and both the windows and the contours of the lighting recesses in the ceiling take the shape of pinecone scales.

22 SHIPPAXCFI – NOV 16 whereas the lighter shade in the seating is separated from the open plan main The appropriately named ‘Noordzee’ lounge on the ship’s side is separated from the areas is that of a typical sand beach. lounge by the longitudinal galley. It has open plan main lounge by the galley together The custom-built ergonomic fur- glass dividers and access doors on either with glass dividers and access doors. niture was part of the turnkey package end and also functions as a private space which, together with the complete outit- for conferences, presentations or parties. ting, was in the hands of Oliver Design. The display cases in the bulkhead contain The central plaza with the servery items from local museums and will be area-cum-souvenir shop is the very changed once a year. The seating con- ‘heart’ of the ship. On DOKTER WAGE- sists of swivel chairs at the window and MAKER, people have to stand in line benches that double as lifejacket lockers. active children’s playroom that was to purchase drinks and snacks. This The forward and aft seating areas developed together with the ‘Nationaal has been replaced in favour of a large are separated from the central plaza by Park Duinen van Texel’. It contains free-low servery area, a 1:1 scale mock- more introvert zones that hold the toilet both digital and analogue games in the up of which was irst tried out on the facilities together with leaning benches typical green and orange colours used beach in Texel. Likewise, Alphatron based on the famous Texel sheep. These by this park. Marine made a 1:1 scale mock-up of the are arranged around raised ‘laptop TESO’s ships do research on be- bridge(s) to optimise the views and the tables’ that are supported by wooden half of NIOZ, the Royal position of the various screens. mooring poles with power outlets. Institute for Sea Research with large TV In addition to a hassle-free experi- The forward seating lounge, i.e. the screens informing the passengers in real ence for the passengers, the free-low one on the Texel side, boasts an inter- time about the temperature of the water, principle allows for a more lexible operation of the restaurant and shop. LaNaval poised to enter the ro-pax market Given the short crossing time, the menu TESO granted the contract for TEXELSTROOM to LaNaval on the basis of price, relevant ex- is understandably limited to some hot perience, technical capabilities and yard facilities. Initially, TESO asked 16 shipyards to quote and cold items that are nevertheless and save for one South-Korean shipyard, all were located in Europe with 11 yards making an freshly prepared on board in front of the ofer. Besides LaNaval, two other yards were eventually shortlisted: another Spanish yard passengers. and a Dutch one. The glass panels placed on top of the With over 100 years of history, LaNaval is specialised in ships with a high added value and partitions between the servery area and the order for TEXELSTROOM has whetted the yard’s appetite to further tap into the ro-pax the lounge part contain green strings niche market. that are reminiscent of the seaweed Early this year a contract worth EUR 175 million was signed with Baleària for the con- found on the bottom of the Wadden Sea. struction of an innovative energy-eicient cruise-ferry that will have a length of 232.2m, a In the nearby seating area, a typical pine beam of 30.4m together with a capacity of 3,300 lanemetres for trucks, 331 cars and 1,600 tree that can also be found on the island passengers – 75 per cent of them in cabins. LNG will be the ship’s principal fuel, but like TEXELSTROOM, the Baleària newbuild will be equipped with solar panels which will provide takes pride of place. power for the onboard services. Delivery of this so-called 24-knot ‘smart’ ship is slated for The appropriately named ‘Noordzee’ 2019. lounge on the North Sea side of the ship

NOV 16 – SHIPPAXCFI 23 TESO PHOTO: PHOTO:

operations and has proved to be a cost- efective maritime rescue system. Main particulars TEXELSTROOM IMO 9741918 BRIGHT FUTURE Length o.a. 135.4m Breadth max 27.9m Breadth hull 23.0m TEXELSTROOM represents another Draft max 4.4m big step forward for TESO. Now the Gross Tonnage 15,483 mainstay on the Texel service, she will Net Tonnage 5,566 Cees , managing director of TESO, is only get assistance from DOKTER Deadweight 1,451 t rightly proud of TEXELSTROOM. TESO is a WAGEMAKER - the company’s new Main engines 2 x ABC dual-fuel 12DZC fairly atypical ferry operator that is largely controlled by the inhabitants of the isle of spare ship - when demand is high. 2 x ABC diesel 12DZD Texel. The TEXELSTROOM-DOKTER Output 4 x 2,000 kW WAGEMAKER tandem will further Speed max 15.4 knots reduce waiting times during the peak Pax capacity 1,750 periods ofering around 640 car spaces Freight & car capacity 34 trucks + 261 cars the salt content and the current, etc. (*) per hour, i.e. almost 20 per cent more or 380 cars (*) Class Lloyd’s Register The wrap-around promenade has than the combined capacity of DOKTER been abandoned on TEXELSTROOM WAGEMAKER and the diminutive (*) TEXELSTROOM has a nominal capacity of 380 cars. but there is still ample open deck space 1990-built SCHULPENGAT which has To guarantee swift turnarounds, TESO has delibera- with benches, the shape and colours of been put up for sale. tely limited the number to 340 cars. Similarly, the 640 car slots per hour as described which are similar to the furniture inside DOKTER WAGEMAKER will be above are not based on the nominal capacities of the vessel. repainted in the new livery that actually the ships but rather on the ships’ actual capacities to TEXELSTROOM’s safety equip- relects the company’s house colours respect the time spent in port. ment consists of four MES stations that of yellow with green and black bands were supplied by Viking together with which represent the lag of Texel. With a water scooter that serves as an MoB. TEXELSTROOM now in full opera- Mounted in a cradle that is nestled tion, money is already being put aside to on the bicycle deck, this Safe at Sea inance the next newbuilding which will Rescuerunner is typically used for SAR probably come on stream in 2031.

Design your own vessel the C-Job way Starting out in 2007 with just three part- ners, C-Job Naval Architects employs over 50 people today, making it the largest truly independent naval architecture com- pany in north west Europe. Headquartered in Hoofddorp nearby Schiphol airport, it designs almost everything that loats: from mega-yacht to jack-up vessels. With only limited experience in the domain of ferries, TEXELSTROOM proved to be a welcome change as C-Job was respon- sible for both the conceptual and basic design. Rather uniquely, many projects are created from scratch in close cooperation with the customer which C-Job regards as Job Volwater, C-Job a unique selling point as the customer can eventually claim the design.

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