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COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL.

No. 1210.

fiZCHUANALAND .

REPORT FOR 1923-24.

(For Report for 1922-23 see No. 1178.)

LONDON: PCHLISIIEI) MY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, bo purchased directly fruin H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following address*» =. Imperial House, Kingsway, London, VV.C.2, and 2b, Abingdon St root, London, S.VV.l; York Street, Manchester, 1, St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff;

or lti)t George Street, Edinburgh; or through any Bookseller. 1924. Price 9d. net. 2 COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL.

No. 1210. BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE.

ANNUAL (JKNEBAL UKPOUT FOB THK VKAK m:\ 21. •

L—UlSTOlilCAL AND G EGG It A I'll IC AL.

Proclamation of .—During the year 1885 Sir , who was in command of an expedition dispatched from England to pacify Southern Bechuanaland, where for some time previously hostilities had been proceeding between the Bechuana and from the South African Bepublic, visited the principal Chiefs in Northern Bechuanalund (known as the Bechuanaland Protectorate), namely, Khama, Gaseitsiwe and Scheie ; and as a result a British Protectorate was proclaimed over their territories. No further steps were taken until the year 1891, when, by an Order in Council, dated the Ulh May, the iimits of the Bechuanaland Protectorate were more clearly defined, and the High for was authorised to appoint such officers as might appear to him to be necessary to provide for the administration of justice, the raising of revenue, and generally for the peace, order, and good government of all persons within the limits of the Order. Sir Sydney Shippard, the Administrator of Bechuanaland, was appointed Ivesident Commissioner. An Assistant Commissioner was also appointed for the Southern Pro t vtorate and another for the Northern Protectorate, the laws in force in the Colony of the ('ape of Good Hope on the 10th June, IHCJ1, being declared in force in the Territory, mutatis mutandis', and so far as not inapplicable. Subsequent legislation has been effected by proclamation of the High Commissioner.

Relations with the British South Africa Company.—For fiscal and otl er purposes the Protectorate was treated as a portion of the of until the 15th November, 1895, when the latter was annexed to the . In the autumn of that year arrangements were made for the transfer of the administration of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, with the exception of certain reserves for native Chiefs, to the British South Africa Company. The country occupied by the Bamalete tribe, and so much of the Bora-Tshidi Barolong country as lies within the limits of the Protectorate, were transferred to the Administration of the British South Africa Company; Dr. L. S. Jamescn being appointed Resident Commissioner therefor The

* A sketch map will be found in the Report for 1914-15, No. 857; [Cd. 76H2-48]. 6ECHPANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1923-24.

Company'** police were moved down to a camp in the Protectorate, at Pitsane Potlugo. From that spot, on the 29th December, Dr. Jameson crossed the border of the South African Republic with his police, and marched towards Johannesburg, which was at that time in a state of great unrest. Being defeated by the Boers at Doornkop, he surrendered on the 2nd January, 189G. In conse­ quence of this raid, the administration of the two areas above referred to was retransferred to the Imperial Government, by whom the Protectorate, in its entirety, is still governed under the name of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, It includes the Tati District, which is a portion of old conceded in 1887 by Lobengula to Mr. S. H. Edwards.

Proclamation of Crown Lands.—Tn 1895 the Chiefs Khama, Scheie,and Bathoen visited England,and each of them abandoned all rights and jurisdiction in and over certain portions of his former territory. The lands thus abandoned by them were, by Order in Council dated the Kith May, 1904, declared Crown Lands, and all rights of His Majesty in or in relation thereto were vested in the High Commissioner for South Africa, who was empowered to make grants or leases of such land on such terms and conditions as he might think fit, subject to any directions received from one of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Title to these lands was subsequently granted to the British South Africa Company, subject to certain reservations, and these lands are now known as the Tuli, Gaberones and Lobatsi Blocks of farms.

By virtue of the Order in Council dated the lotli January, 1.910, all other laud situate within the limits of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, elsewhere than in the Tati District, was, and still is, vested in His Majesty's High Commissioner for South Africa, subject to all the provisions of the Order in Council of the 16th May, 1904, and to the following exceptions :—

(1) Such land as is either :— (a) included in any native reserve duly set apart by Proclamation; or (b) the subject of any grant duly made by or on behalf of His'Majesty ; and (2) The forty-one farms known as " The Barolong Farms/' held by members of th 1 Prolong tribe by virtue of certificates of occupation issued by the thief Montsioa on the 28th March, 1895.

I Alter Developments.—During the pc iod 1890 97, the existing railway line connecting the Fnion of South Africa with was constructed by the Bechuanaland Railway Company, authorised thereto by High Commissioner's proclamations.

(15387) Wt. IU354/674 625 9/24 Harrow G. B4 A2 4 COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL.

In 1898 a limited number of farms were allotted at and in the neighbourhood of Ghanzi, in the north-western corner of the Territory, to settlers, some of whom had trekked thereto as prospectors, in 1894.

In 1899 the boundaries of the Bamangwato, Batawana, Bakgatla, Bakwena and Bangwaketsi native tribes were estab­ lished and defined by proclamation, and in 1909 the boundaries of the Bamalete native reserve were similarly fixed.

In 1911 the Tati Concessions, Limited, and its successors and assigns, were confirmed by Proclamation No. 2 of 1911, in the full, free and undisturbed possession as owners of all the land within the Tati District, subject to all the teiiiis and conditions of the said Proclamation, certain lands being assigned as a reserve for the occupation of natives. This reserve is under the control of the Government. The natives residing within it hold and occupy the land included therein, subject to such rules and regu­ lations as are from time to time proclaimed by the High Commis­ sioner ; and, subject to certain conditions safeguarding the interests of the natives, the Company (now the Tati Company, Limited) retains the mining rights (including precious stones) over this native reserve.

Boundaries.—The territory of the Bechuanaland Protectorate is bounded on the south and east by the , on the north-east by Southern llhodesia, on the north by the Zambesi and Chobe (Linyanti) Rivers, on the west by the territory of South-West Africa,

It has not been surveyed as a whole, but its area is estimated at 275,000 square miles. Its mean altitude is about 3,300 feet.

In view of the geographical position of that part of the mandated territory of South-West Africa east of longitude 21° L., known as Caprivi Zipfel, it was found expedient to provide in 1922 that the latter should be administered as if it were a portion of the Bechuanaland Protectorate.

By High Commissioner's Notice No. 119 of 1923 the Bechuanaland Protectorate was divided for administrative pur­ poses into the following Districts, with a Ivesident Magistrate at the head of each. The two Assistant Commissionerships of the Northern and Southern Protectorate have been abolished and instead an Assistant Resident Commissioner has been appointed who is Chief Magistrate for the Protectorate, and who is empowered by Proclamation No. 56 of 1923 to exercise through­ out the Territory all the powers, jurisdiction and authority which BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1923-24. 5 have been or may hereafter be by law conferred upon an Assistant Commissioner or Resident Magistrate :— (i) Ngamiland District.—The Ratawana Reserve, as defined by Hi tion 2 of Proclamation No. 9 of 1899, and portion of the Caprivi Zipfel east of longitude 21° E., and west of the Chobe River, together with the area of land lying to the east of the Ratawana Reserve, having

for its eastern boundary the longitude 25° E#) and for its northern and southern boundaries the latitude 19° 8. and 20° S. respectively.

(ii) Chobe District.—That portion of the Caprivi Zipfel which is bounded on the south and west by the Chobe River and the land lying south of the Chobe River, bounded on the west by the Ratawana Reserve, on the east by , and on the south by the latitude 19° S.

(iii) Francistown District.—The land lying within the follow­ ing limits :—From the junction of the Ramaquabane River with the River Shashi along the Ramaquabane River to its source; thence by the watershed of the rivers Shashi and Ramaquabane until such watershed strikes the Old Hunter's Road (called the Pandama- tenka Road); thence by that road to the place where it first crosses the Shashi River; thence along that river to its junction with the Ramaquabane River. Together with the land lying within the following limits :—Commencing at the spot where the Old Hunter's Road crosses the Mcitengwe River; thence along the Meitengwe River to its junction with the Nata River; thence along the Nata River to its junction with Slum River; ihence along the Slum River to the Makarikari Salt Lake; thence along the* southern and eastern shores of the said lake* to the* spot where the Rot let le or Suga River runs into the said lake; thence to a spot where the latitude 20° S. and the longitude 25° H. intersect: thence northwards following longitude 25° E. till it cuts the latitude 19° S.; thence along latitude* 19° S. in an easterly direction till it cuts the Old Hunter's Road; thence1 along the Old Hunter's Road te> the spot where it crosses the Meitengwe River. (iv) Ngwato District.—The Pummngwato Reserve, as described by Section 1 of Proclamation No. 9 of 1899, together with the hind which lie's north of the Not let Ic River and which is not included in any of the three districts above mentioned. (x) Tuli Rlnck District.-—The Tuli Block, as described in the Schedule4 to Proclamation No. Pi of 1905. 8 COLONIAL RSPOBTS—ANNUAL. drawback, and consequently a number of swarms that would have otherwise been destroyed got on the wing and invaded the Transvaal. It was impossible, taking into consideration the shortage of poison and pumps, the poor condition of the animals and the long distances that water had to be carted, to have destroyed all voetgangers.

Camels were purchased by the Union Department of Agri­ culture to organize the natives living in the Kalahari Desert, and also with the object of patrolling and locating the hatchings, .so that fanners could be warned of the approach of flying locusts to enable them to reap any crops which might be ripe arid which were threatened by locusts.

At various places the natives assisted very well, and did excellent work ; the assistance given by ttekgoma, Chief of the Bamangwato. and by the Bangwaketse tribe was especially worthy of note. In some parts of the Kalahari, however, the natives were less willing to give information or assistance, yet a great ileal of good work has been done, and over 3,000 swarms of locusts have been destroyed there by the four Camel Officers with the assistance of the natives.

Locust- hatched out m absolutely uninhabited parts of the Kalahari, over a hundred miles from any water. Attempts were made to do something to destroy these voetgangers, but as no tsama (desert melons) could be found, it was impossible to do anything, and the men sent had to turn back to the nearest water- holes. The districts which had been free from locusts for some months were heavily invaded by flying locusts from these unin­ habited parts, with the result that nearly all the late crops were destroyed and the veldt badly eaten off, and consequently stock will certainly suffer to a very great extent from poverty before the rain) ^ \ison commences. Egg* have been deposited in most districts. A campaign was started for the destruction of flying locusts in districts where the natives were willing to have the fliers destroyed, viz., the Barolong Farms, Molopolole and the "Bakgatla Reserve. The results on the Barolong Farms and on the Bakgatla Reserve are very favourable.

Locusts as a rule fly east and south-east, and eventually, in the laying stage, fly back west a? ' north-west.

Tn Ghanzi, Ngamiland and Xekate the rains were Lite, and only fell from January to March, and numerous swarm1* of voet­ gangers batched out in these districts. A great number of swarms were destroyed, but on account of the difficulties as regards the desert parts of these districts it has not been possible to destroy the majority of these hatchings. Much praise is due to the Luropean inhabitants of the Ghanzi District, who one and all worked niiiht and day to destroy the voetgangers. BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1993-24. 9

In all 42,777 swarms of voetgangers were destroyed in the Bechuanaland Protectorate since the beginning of the 1923-24 campaign, 21 District Locust Officers, 40 European Assistant Locust Officers and 4(5 Headmen were engaged, and the campaign cost approximately £5,800, not including poison, pumps, barrels, etc. The Bechuanaland Protectorate Locust Destruction Procla­ mation No. 45 of 1923, requiring, inter alia, that occupiers or land shall assist i11 the destruction of voetgangers in their districts, was put in force in the Lobatsi District (except the drown Lands), the (laberones Block and the (Ihan/i and Kueneng Districts for this season.

III.—FINANCIAL. The estimated revenue for the year was £96,375, the actual amount collected was .£99,996, or £3,021 more than the estimate. Substantial increases over the estimates of revenue accrued under the heads Customs and Excise, Posts and Income Tax, respectively, as follows :—£1,810, £3,038 and £2,054 ; and under headings Licences, European Poll Tax and Export Duty on Cattle the excesses were respectively as follows:—£51, £98 a?id £508. On the heads Hut Tax, Revenue Stamps, Judicial Fines, Rentals and Transfer Dutv, and Miscellaneous, shortfalls occurred respectively as follows :—£3,001, £454, £325, £550, £132; while the contribution for the Native Fund was £138 less than the estimate. Although the shortfall from Hut Tax, as compared with the estimate of £35,000, is considerable, it should be noted that the collection is £2,721 more than the preceding year. The estimated expenditure was £92,137, and the actual expenditure amounted to £81,571, or £10,803 less than the estimate. Revenue exceeded expenditure by £18,421.

IV.—TRAD] \GRiCULTUEE AND INDUSTRIES. Trade, agriculture and industries during the year 1923 24 do not show such improvement as was hoped for at the beginning of the year in review. Traders and farmers alike have been heavily hit by the adverse conditions prevailing. Crops, already handicapped by the unusually severe and pro­ longed heat of the year, and by the late and low rainfall, Inve been devastated in many districts by locusi infestation. The export of cattle from the Territory has been adversely affected by tin* overstocking of the Johannesburg market, previous to the partial embargo imposed by the Cnion Authorities, winch came into operation on the 1st March, and which will further reduce 10 COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL. the cattle exportations from the Territory. Natives, unable to realize on the sale of their cattle, have consequently had to curtail their purchases from the traders, with the result that the latter have suffered correspondingly and stores have been closed in various places. No efforts have been spared by the Administration to alleviate the depressing conditions of the situation and to maintain a fair balance between the interests of the European and native inhabitants of the Territory. One innovation in particular deserves note, namely, the attempt to improve the standard of native cattle by the purchase and distribution, under the supervision of the Veterinary Depart­ ment, of pure-bred bells to the native chiefs, but here again the lack of veldt made it necessary to suspend distribution until better grazing could be obtained. Cheesemaknig has been carried on in the Tati District and Notwani, and generally finds a ready market at a very fair margin of profit. The output of gold and silver from the mines in the Tati District has decreased during the year; ;UM0 oz. of gold and C>61 oz. of silver, valued at i'Pi.KUK Ov, (W., were* exported, as against f>,005 oz. of gold and oz. of silver, to the value of 1*25,381 lis*, 11*/., in the previous year.

V.—LEGISLATION.

Twenty Proclamations were promulgated during the year under review. Two of these related to the Appropriation of Funds to meet expenditure; one provided additional revenue by the re-enact­ ment of laws for the collection of Income Tax, one affected Customs and Excise—further amending the Tariffs in force in the Territory, and one required all holders of Trading Licences iit the Bechuanaland Protectorate, and other persons who import or export art ides into or from t he Territory, to make annual returns, for statistical purposes, of all articles imported or exported by them. Further provision was also made by Pi )elamation for the punishment of offenders in the Bechuanaland Protectorate, and the Inw with regard to the preferences to be accorded in the administration of insolvent estates and the winding up of Companies was amended. In connect ion with the native inhabitants of the Territory, one Proclamation placed natives of the Patawana Reserve on the same footing as those of the Bamangwato in (lie quitter of pay­ ments to the Native4 Fund, and another afforded protect ion to all natives of the Bechuanaland Profc; iorate by the regulation of the sale to them of goods on riedit by persons other than natives. BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1923 24. 11

With regard to the Cattle Industry, one Proclamation amended the law relating to pounds in the Bechuanaland Pro­ tectorate, another reduced the cattle export duty from 5s. to 2*. CHL, and three enacted provisions regarding the purchase of stock. The protection afforded to wildeheeste has been temporarily removed in respect of the Tuli Block, and provisions in connection with the work of locust destruction have also been enacted by Proclamation. Other Proclamations provided for the appointment of an Assistant Resident Commissioner in the Bechuanaland Pro­ tectorate, and for the proper .egistration of motor vehicles and the licensing of motor vehicle drivers, etc., in the Territory ; and further amendments were also made to the Treaties of Peaee Orders No. 1 and 2, 1923, and to the Trading with the Enemy Proclamations. There has been no session of the Special Court since the 15th May, 1919.

VP—EDUCATION.

There were in the Territory, at the commencement of the year under review, 12 schools for Furopeans (including a farm- school at Ranuujuabane), attended by approximately 170 children ; there was also a coloured school at Shashi with an attendance of H pupils; and there were 77 native schools, mostly under the :egis of the Missionary Societies, attended by approxi­ mately 5,390 children. Shashi school has since been closed. The schools for European and coloured children received Government grants-in-aid, the sum provided for this purpose for the year 1923 24 being t'2,380, of which AM,710 17,s\ 4

VII.—MEDICAL. The health conditions throughout the Territory for the year ended the 31st March, 11)21, have been, on the whole, satis­ factory. As in the past, malaria and its srqurhr. head the list of preva­ lent diseases. During the early months of the year there were several outbreaks of the disease in the northern districts. These, though of the benign tertian form, weie of more than usual severity in character. But they were not sufficiently widespread or seven to affect the economic portion either through disablement or direct or indirect mortality. As against this, the prevalence of the disease throughout the southern areas was occasional only, and its character uniformly mild. Respiratory troubles come next in order, but these, though figuring largely in the list, were of the light and non-dangerous variety. Of severe intestinal ailments, lb cases of dysentery fall to be recorded for the year with one death. A I these occurred in the northern part of the Territory. There was an epidemic of measles in the village of (l^berones and at other isolated posts in the neighbourhood, as well as at Ramoutsa, when* the mortality was nigh. At the latter place the school was closed down tor about two months, with the result that tlx* disease gradually died out. There were two cases ol scarlet fever at (laberones ('amp. The number of c.»scs treated indoor and outdoor for the year was a^ follows :-indoor, II Kuropeans and 2b natives, with two BECHUANAEAND PROTECTORATE, 1923 24. 13 deaths; outdoor, 1,085 individual cases, representing a total of 7,403 treatments. Among these cases are included the free treatments for venereal diseases. The applications under this head have risen to a total of 500 within the year, the increase being due largely to the abolition of the charge of Is. made for issues in the past. The figures given, however, represent the returns from the stations under direct medical supervision only. There remains a considerable amount of work accomplished for which returns are not at present available. This work was undertaken by the missionaries and traders, to whom, .it isolated posts, by reason of the appreciation and demands of the native populations, supplies of the necessary medicines for free distribution were issued from time to time.

VI1I.—VETEKINARY. I>uring the year under review there were 58 outbreaks of lung sickness in the Bamangwato Reserve dealt with by the Veterinary Department. These were distributed as follows :— Outbreaks. Serowe area 40 Mahalapye area ...... 8 Eastern area ...... 6 Bohonon area ...... 3 Sephope area ...... 1 14,033 animals were inoculated. 1(5,551 animals were released and branded. 223 animals wTO destroved in terms of Proclamation No. 2 of 1909. . 797 animals died from the effects of inoculation. XT35 15«. was paid in compensation for animals destroyed.

Kxroirr OK CATTLE. Owing to the cattle surplus in the Union our export into the open market was stopped. No animals were exported through the Sequani Quarantine Camp during the year, while the Ramathla- baina Quarantine ('ami) was only open during April and May. 1923. The following cattle were exported :— By rail to the Johannesburg Abattoir ...... 20,046 Through the Ramathlabama Quarantine ('amp 358 To the Belgian Congo via Kazungula ...... 0,302

Total 32,700

This is an increase of 0,000 animals as compared with the previous year, and can be accounted for chiefly by exporters disposing of animals which were not up to standard before tPie embargo came in'o operation on the 1st March. 14 COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNtJAt.

As a result of the Conference of Representatives of this and the adjoining Territories, held at Pretoria in September, it was decided to confine all cattle exj>ort to the Union to animals which it was estimated would scale 8(H) lb. live weight. The cattle were to be in such condition that the carcass won hi dress 50 per cent, of the live weight, and were to be inspected within seven day* of trucking. These regulations came into force on tlie 1st March, 1921, and a Cattle Export Inspector was appointed.

EXPORT OF oMALL STOCK. Small stock to the number of 9,102 were exported to the Union via Kamathlabama und 11,188 to Phodesia during the year. The former represents <*n increase of 2,000 and the latter a decrease of 1,000 on the previous year. l}i(js Exported. To the Union ' 370 To Rhodesia 99

Total ...... 4G9

VACCINES. The following vaccines for the control of animal diseases wete obtained and forwarded for use in the Territory during the year :— Anthrax vaccine ...... 4,665 doses. Quarter evil 2,820 ,, Ked water and gall sickness ...... 47 ,, Blue tongue vaccine ...... 500 Morse sickness serum ...... 10 litres. Of the Government wire worm remedy 2,820 doses were used.

lNTRODl. CTION OF ANIMALS FUoM THE UNION. Horses 823 Cattle ... 973 Donkeys ...... 3,136 Small Stock 1,003 Mules 184 Pigs 80

IX.—JUDICIAL STATISTICS. The number of criminal cases adjudicated upon b\ Officials of the Administration during the vear J923 21 was 59<\ as against 736 in 1922 23 and 410 in 1921 22. There were eleven cases of homicide; in two of these the accused were committed and awaiting trial on the 31st March; another was sentenced to death, which sentence was commuted BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1923 24. 15

by the High Commissioner to seven years' imprisonment; with hard labour ; one was acquitted ; seven were convicted of culpable homicide and sentenced to imprisonment with hard labour

There were 58 cases of other offences against the person, in 41 of which conviction followed; 73 offences against property (including stock-theft) with (>3 convictions, and lis prosecutions for other crimes, in which 400 convictions followed.

X.—POSTAL STATISTICS.

The administration and control of the postal service; in tiie Bechuanaland Protectorate are, subject to the authority if the Ivesident ( omniissioner, vested in the Postmaster-General of the Union of South Africa.

Offices. —There were twenty-two offices of all grades in opera­ tion in the Territory during the year ended the 31st March, 1924, representing an increase of two during the year under review. Money Order and Savings Pank business was transacted at three of these, live were Postal and Telegraph Agencies, one a Tele­ graph Office only, and the remainder Postal Order Agencies. The two new Agencies were established at Shashi and Pamaquabane respectively.

Money Orders—The value of the Money Order transactions for the year shows a slight increase and decrease in issues and payments, respectively, over the amounts for the preceding year.

Orders numbering 298, to the value of 12,181 ]0.v. 'id., were issued, as against 209, valued at 1*2,295 IO.V. lOr/., and 1S2 Money Orders, valued at 1971 16.s\ 2r/., were paid out, as against 201 of the value of €1,329 17s\ Id. in the previous year.

Postal Orders.—The value of Postal Orders issued remains practically the same as thai of last year, while the value of those paid out shows a decrease. Ten thousand three hundred and forty- one orders, worth £4,148 2s. 5f/\, a: against 9,543, valued at ft,297 IRv. Hr/., in the previous year, were issued, and o ifpay- ments, with a total value of .4'1,535 11*. 9

Savings Hank.—The Savings Hank deposits and withdrawals show an appreciable increase and decrease, respectively, over those of the year before, an indication which it is hoped may be taken to mark an improvement in tin* general slate* of depression recorded last year. One hundred and sixty deposits, valued at l'92H 19s. -V., were made, as against 13(> deposits, valued at 1*534 9.v., whilst 30 withdrawals, of the value of t'59H II v. 5

Revenue and Expenditure.—The total postal revenue from all sources amounted to £13,463 4s. lOd., being an increase ot £3,314 18.?. id. over the revenue collected in 1922-23. The expenditure for the year under review amounted to £4,585 13.?. 3d., being a decrease of £432 is. 3d. over the expendi­ ture for the corresponding previous twelve months.

XI.—METEOROLOGICAL. As the year covered by the Report does not correspond with the season's rainfall, the figures for the past ramy season, as well as those for (he year ended the 31st March, taking the reason to be from the 1st June in one year to the 31st May in the next, are given. The average aggregate monthly rainfall for all stations for the season ended the 3lst May, 1023, is as follows :— 19? 2. inches Juno 107 July August •503 September •002 October 1-291 November 2017 December 2-330 1923. January 8-496 Fobruary 4-777 March .. 3133 April •486 May •189

Total 23-391

and for the year ended the 31st March, 1021 :-• 1923. inched April •486 May •189 Juno •029 July •114 August ... •018 September •104 October •442 November 1 • 670 December 1-872 1924. January 1048 February 2-383 March. ... 5-90!

Total 14-256 BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1923 24. 17

The monthly average maximum and minimum temperatures at the various Magistracies through the year were as follows :— Maximum Minimum 1923. Dogreos Degrees April 81-11 54-87 May 77-90 49-69 Juno 75 07 41-94 July 73-47 41-21 August 79-29 48-67 September 86-31 54-36 October 91 16 60-81 November 92-41 65-39 December 89-37 ' 66-10 1924. January 93-54 68-15 February 86-06 63 08 March 81 • 1*6 64-18 The Bechuanaland Protectorate lies, roughly, between 2,000 and 5,000 feet above sea level, and only a few people live at the cooler altitudes of from 4,000 to 5,000 feet. The portion of the country inhabited by the greater number of both Europeans and uatives is adjacent to the only line of raiiv/ay, which passes through the eastern side of the Territory for a distance of 403 miles; the average altitude of the stations and sidings along this section of the line is 3,418 feet.

C. L O'B. DUTTON, Government Secretary.

HUt March, 1924.

H COLONIAL REPORTS, ETC.

The following recent reports, etc., relating to His Majesty's Colonial Possessions have been issued, and may be obtained from the sources indicated on the title page :—

ANNUAL. No. Colony, etc. Yeat. 1179 1922 1180 Swaziland 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 State of Brunei 1186 1187 1188 Colony and Protectorate 1189 Protectorate 3 922-1923 1190 Jamaica .. 1922 1191 1192 Bahamas 1922-1923 1193 Somaliland 1922 1 (94 Northern Territories of the Gold Coast 1922-1923 1195 Leeward Islands 1196 1922 1197 Nigeria 1923 1198 Weihaiwei 1199 Gilbert and Ellice Islands 1922-1923 1200 Aslumti 1201 Gambia 1923 1202 Bahamas 1923-1924 1203 Hongkong 1922 1204 1923 1205 1922 1206 1923 1207 Gold Coast 1922 1923 1208 Trinidad and Tobago 1923 1209 Protectorate ..

MISCELLANEOUS.

No. Colony, etc. Subject. 83 Southern Nigeria., Mineral Survey, 1910. 84 West Indies Preservation of Ancient Monu* ments, etc. 85 Southern Nigeria. . Mineral Survey, 1911. 86 Southern Nigeria, . . . Mineral Survey, 1912. 87 Ceylon Mineral Survey. 88 Imperial Institute . . Oil seeds, Oils, etc. 89 Southern Nigeria. . Mineral Survey, 1913 90 St. Vincent Roads and Land Settlement. 91 Protectorate Geology and Geography of the northern part of the Protec­ torate. 92 Colonies —Genera! Fishes of the Colonies. 93 Pitcairn Island Report on a visit to the Island by the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific.

Printed by ll.M.S.O. PresR, Harrow