Introduction to Christian Theology Fall 2009, Thursday 8:30 - 11:30, Room 2085

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Introduction to Christian Theology Fall 2009, Thursday 8:30 - 11:30, Room 2085 Religious Studies 3603 Introduction to Christian Theology Fall 2009, Thursday 8:30 - 11:30, Room 2085 Dr. Craig A. Carter Phone: 416-226-6620 ext. 6732, Office: 2099 E-mail: [email protected] Website : www.tyndale.ca~ccarter Commuter Hotline: 416-226-6629 ext. 2187 Class cancellations due to inclement weather or illness of the instructor will be announced on the commuter hotline and the website www.tyndale.ca Mailboxes: Your papers and other assignments will be returned via your mailboxes. A mailbox directory is posted beside the mailboxes. (Always retain a copy of any paper you submit to a professor.) Office Hours: Use the sign-up sheets on the bulletin board next to my door or e-mail me to make an appointment. “Many things can be meant by the word ‘God.’ For this reason there are many kinds of theologies. There is no man who does not have his own god or gods as the object of his highest desire and trust, or as the basis of his deepest loyalty and commitment. There is no one who is not to this extent also a theologian.” (Karl Barth, Evangelical Theology: An Introduction , p. 4) COURSE DESCRIPTION This course introduces the central doctrines of historic Christianity, as summarized in the Apostles’ Creed, as an introduction to the Christian theology. The biblical basis, historical development, and systematic expression of basic Christian doctrines will be explored. The goal of the discipline of theology is to learn how to speak of God truthfully and responsibly. COURSE OBJECTIVES 1. To provide students with an introduction to the central beliefs of historic Christianity. 2. To introduce students to some of the exegetical, historical and philosophical questions and issues related to basic Christian doctrines. 3. To help students to become more proficient in the skills of written communication and in the analysis of ancient texts. REQUIRED TEXTBOOKS (available in the Tyndale Bookstore) Erickson, Millard J. Introducing Christian Doctrine, 2nd edition, edited by L. Arnold Hustad (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 2001). Hart, David Bentley. Atheist Delusions: The Christian Revolution and Its Fashionable Enemies (Yale University Press, 2009). COURSE EVALUATION Attendance: Attendance at every class is required and absences will be recorded. Two unexcused absences during the term are allowed to cover unusual situations that may arise. Although no marks are earned merely for attending, each unexcused absence over two will result in the lowering of the final grade by 1%. Punctuality is expected and being late for class may be considered equivalent to missing class. It is the student’s responsibility to sign the attendance sheet each week for both the first half and the second half of class. Students who must miss a class for an unavoidable reason must communicate the reason to the professor by e-mail or voice-mail, prior to the class if at all possible. If the reason is not considered sufficient to miss a class, the absence will be considered unexcused. Normally, absences are excused only in cases where the student had no choice in missing the class, such as attending a funeral, being sick in bed or going to a medical test or specialist appointment in which you had no choice as to the date or time. Non-emergency doctor/dentist appointments, vacations, work schedules, etc. should not be scheduled in conflict with classes and absences resulting from them usually are not excused. Mid-term Exam: (15%) This purpose of this 75 minute exam on Oct. 8 is to prepare you for the final exam and help you determine the best way to study for it. It will consist of true/false questions, definition/short answer questions and one essay question. By having it early in the course, you will be able to assess whether the level of studying you are doing is adequate before getting too far behind. More information on how to study will be given in class. Book Review Paper: (35%) A 10-12 page (2500-3000 word) paper on Atheist Delusions is due at the beginning of class on November 5. If you hand it in the due date after missing class, it will be late. If you hand it in later that day after having attended class, it will be considered on time. Late papers will lose 3% for being one day late and an additional 1% for each additional week day late. Also, I do not put comments on late papers. If you have a valid reason for being late, contact me in advance for a possible extension. Papers cannot be accepted after the final day of exams except by successful appeal to the Academic Standards Committee. This is not a critical book review. Spend about 70-75% of your paper summarizing the contents of the book. The final 25-30% of it should discuss a two or three significant things that you learned from the book. Your mark will depend on how well you comprehend the ideas taught in the book and the incisiveness of your response. Follow the traditional (or Chicago Style or Turabian) form for footnotes, bibliography and so on. You may do one footnote for Atheist Delusions and then put page references in brackets thereafter. Final Exam : (50%) This three-hour exam, to be scheduled in Exam Week by the Registration Office, will be on Erickson and the lectures. It will consist of true-false questions, definitions/short answer questions and essay questions. Key terms will be defined throughout the semester in class. A list of essay questions will be made available in class, from which the exam questions will be drawn COURSE OUTLINE: Please Note: The readings for each week are to be done prior to that week. Bring any questions you have on the readings to class and I will try to answer them. Date Lecture Topic Assigned Readings Sept. 17 Course Introduction The Apostles’ Creed 1. Doing Theology Sept. 24 2. Revelation Erickson, ch. 4-8 (41-84= 44) Oct. 1 3. The Nature of God Erickson, ch. 9-12 (85-118= 34) The Nicene Creed. Oct. 8 Mid-term Exam None – study for exam Oct. 15 4. Creation and Providence Erickson, ch. 13-17 (119-162= 43) Oct. 22 5. Humanity Erickson, ch. 18-20 (163-186= 24) Oct. 29 6. Sin Erickson, ch. 21-23 (187-214= 28) Nov. 5 Book review due at beginning of class Erickson, ch. 24-26 (215-242= 28) 7. The Person of Jesus Christ The Definition of Chalcedon Nov. 12 8. The Work of Christ Erickson, ch. 27-28 (243-268= 25) Nov. 19 9. The Holy Spirit and Salvation Erickson, ch. 29-35 (269-338= 69) Nov. 26 10. The Church Erickson, ch. 36-28 (339-372= 34) The Barmen Declaration Dec. 3 11. Last Things Erickson, ch. 39-42 (371-416= 46) Course Evaluation SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY The following works are either famous classics of the Christian tradition or works that are particularly useful to students beginning the study of Christian theology at the university level. The latter are marked with an asterisk (*). The Tyndale library contains a fine collection of books, journals, and on-line resources. A couple of web pages that list useful resources are: http://www.theologywebsite.com/ - a website with many useful links http://www.ccel.org/ - a collection of public domain theological classics Systematic Theologies: Aquinas, Thomas. Summae Theologica. 5 vols., translated by the Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Benzinger Bros., 1981. A major classic by the most important theologian for the Roman Catholic Church and an important theologian for Protestantism as well. Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics, G. Bromiley and T. F. Torrance (eds.) (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1956-76). The greatest theological work since Calvin, very long and complex. Beginners should use the Index volume to find relevant passages. Berkhof, Louis. Systematic Theology, 4th edition (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1939,1941). Scholastic, Reformed, somewhat dated. Bloesch, Donald. Essentials of Evangelical Theology , 2 vols. (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1978). Moderate Evangelical, contemporary.* Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. 2 vols., Library of Christian Classics, ed. by J. T. McNeill, trans. by F. L. Battles (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1960). One of the great classics of Christian theology and still very readable even though it was first published in the 1500’s. Erickson, Millard J. Christian Theology, 2nd ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker). Conservative Evangelical, contemporary.* Grenz, Stanley. Theology For the Community of God (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000). Moderate Evangelical, contemporary. Hodge, Charles. Systematic Theology, 3 vols. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979. Conservative Protestant, Old Princeton theology, first published in 1871-3, very influential in American evangelicalism. Hodgson, Peter and Robert H. King, editors. Christian Theology: An Introduction to Its Traditions and Tasks, newly updated edition (Minneapolis: Augsberg Fortress, 1994). Liberal Protestant, contemporary. Leith, John H. Basic Christian Doctrine (Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1993). Reformed, contemporary.* McGrath, Alister E. Christian Theology: An Introduction, 3rd edition (Oxford: Blackwell, 2001). Evangelical Anglican, contemporary.* McClendon, William Jr.. Systematic Theology, 3 vols. (Nashville: Abingdon, 1986, 1994, 2000). Written from a radical Reformation or Baptist perspective. The three volumes are titled Ethics, Doctrine and Witness respectively. Miligore, Daniel. Faith Seeking Understanding: An Introduction to Christian Theology (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991). Moderately Reformed, contemporary.* Moody, Dale. The Word of Truth: A Summary of Christian Doctrine Based On Biblical Revelation. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1981). Baptist, Arminian, contemporary. * Oden, Thomas. Systematic Theology, 3 vols. (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1987, 1989, 1992). Wesleyan, contemporary, makes extensive use of patristic resources.* Pannenberg, Wolfart. Systematic Theology (3 vols.) translated by Geoffrey Bromiley (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1991-98). Williams, J.
Recommended publications
  • An Examination of Personal Salvation in the Theology of North American Evangelicalism: on the Road to a Theology of Social Justice
    Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) 1980 An Examination of Personal Salvation in the Theology of North American Evangelicalism: On the Road to a Theology of Social Justice Robert F.J. Gmeindl Wilfrid Laurier University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Gmeindl, Robert F.J., "An Examination of Personal Salvation in the Theology of North American Evangelicalism: On the Road to a Theology of Social Justice" (1980). Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). 1421. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1421 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT AN EXAMINATION OF PERSONAL SALVATION IN THE THEOLOGY OF NORTH AMERICAN EVANGELICALISM: ON THE ROAD TO A THEOLOGY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE by Robert F.J. Gmeindl The question under consideration is the effect of the belief in personal salvation on the theology of North American Evangelicalism, for the purpose of developing a theology of social justice. This study is a preliminary investigation of the history of Evangelical individualism and the potential influence that individualism might have on Evangelical theology. Certain trends toward isolation and separation, as well as a tendency to neglect what I have called systemic evil, are examined to see how they may result from the Evangelical stress on individualism.
    [Show full text]
  • The Trinity in Contemporary Theology: Questioning the Social Trinity Norman Metzler
    Volume 67:3/4 July/October 2003 Table of Contents Eugene F. A. Klug (1917-2003)........................ 195 The Theological Symposia of Concordia Theological Seminary (2004) .................................... 197 Introduction to Papers from the 2003 LCMS Theological Professors' Convocation L. Dean Hempelmann ......................... 200 Confessing the Trinitarian Gospel Charles P. Arand ........................ 203 Speaking of the Triune God: Augustine, Aquinas, and the Language of Analogy John F. Johnson ......................... 215 Returning to Wittenberg: What Martin Luther Teaches Today's Theologians on the Holy Trinity David Lumpp .......................... 228 The Holy Trinity and Our Lutheran Liturgy Timothy Maschke ....................... 241 3; The Trinity in Contemporary Theology: P $ Questioning the Social Trinity 3 P Norman Metzler ........................ 270 a ? Teaching the Trinity ! David P. Meyer ......................... 288 11 The Bud Has Flowered: Trinitarian Theology I in the New Testament Michael Middendorf ..................... 295 The Challenge of Confessing and Teaching the Trinitarian Faith in the Context of Religious Pluralism A. R. Victor Raj ......................... 308 The Doctrine of the Trinity in Biblical Perspective David P. Scaer .......................... 323 Trinitarian Reality as Christian Truth: Reflections on Greek Patristic Discussion William C. Weinrich ..................... 335 The Biblical Trinitarian Narrative: Reflections on Retrieval Dean 0.Wenthe ........................ 347 Theological
    [Show full text]
  • The Nature of Atonement in the Theology of Jacobus Arminius
    JETS 53/4 (December 2010) 773–85 THE NATURE OF ATONEMENT IN THE THEOLOGY OF JACOBUS ARMINIUS j. matthew pinson* Jacobus Arminius is one of the best known and least studied theologians in the history of Christianity. His writings have been neglected by Calvinists and Arminians alike. Calvinists have disliked him because of his opposition to scholastic predestinarian theology. Most Arminians have neglected him because what little they have read of him reminds them more of Calvinism than they like. Arminius scholar Carl Bangs is correct when he says that most modern treatments of Arminius assume a definition of Arminianism that does not come from Arminius. Bangs states that most interpreters of Arminianism begin with a preconception of what Arminius should be expected to say, then look in his published works, and do not find exactly what they are looking for. They show impatience and disappointment with his Calvinism, and shift the inquiry into some later period when Arminianism turns out to be what they are looking for—a non-Calvinistic, synergistic, and perhaps semi-Pelagian system.1 This is the approach many scholars have taken toward Arminius regard- ing his doctrine of atonement. For example, the Calvinist scholar Robert L. Reymond has said that the Arminian theory of atonement is the governmental theory, which “denies that Christ’s death was intended to pay the penalty for sin.” He claims that the governmental theory’s “germinal teachings are in Arminius.”2 Similarly, well-known Wesleyan-Arminian scholar James K. Grider states: “A spillover from Calvinism into Arminianism has occurred in recent decades.
    [Show full text]
  • A Too-Future Eschatology? the Limits of the Phenomenology of Liturgy in Jean-Yves Lacoste
    Open Theology 2019; 5: 386–402 Phenomenology of Religious Experience III: Visuality, Imagination, and the Lifeworld Jan Černý* A Too-Future Eschatology? The Limits of the Phenomenology of Liturgy in Jean-Yves Lacoste https://doi.org/10.1515/opth-2019-0028 Received May 04, 2019; accepted September 06, 2019 Abstract: The article first outlines Jean-Yves Lacoste’s phenomenological description of “liturgy”, i.e. the encounter between God and the human being. It argues that Lacoste’s rejection of the religious apriori on the side of the human being and emphasis on God’s transcendence and otherness leads to decontextualization of the experience of Christian faith, as his strongly future eschatology does not allow for the real transformation of both the individual and social lives of believers. In the second step, the article gives two counterexamples to Lacoste’s attitude that represent an attempt to recontextualize the experience of Christian faith within concrete historical and cultural coordinates. The examples come from the work of American theologian William Cavanaugh and Czech philosopher Robert Kalivoda, whose focus lies in the hermeneutics of a sacramental experience and the question of the history-making of Christian faith. Cavanaugh recontextualizes the understanding of the sacramental experience in terms of globalization. Kalivoda interprets the transformation of Christian eschatological ideas into a program of real social changes with special attention devoted to the Hussite revolution of the 15th century and the Hussite conception of the Lord’s Supper. The article concludes that Kalivoda’s emphasis on present eschatology stands in opposition to Lacoste’s emphasis on future eschatology, whereas Cavanaugh holds a middle position with balanced emphasis on both poles of Christian eschatology.
    [Show full text]
  • Christian Theology, 3Rd Edition Baker Academic, a Division of Baker Publishing Group, © 1983, 1998, 2013 Used by Permission
    C H R I S T I A N THEOLOGY THIRD EDITION MILLARD J. ERICKSON K Millard Erickson, Christian Theology, 3rd Edition Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 1983, 1998, 2013 Used by permission. (Unpublished manuscript—copyright protected Baker Publishing Group) Erickson_ChrTheol3ded_RH_djm.indd iii 5/2/13 2:54 PM © 1983, 1998, 2013 by Millard Erickson Published by Baker Academic a division of Baker Publishing Group P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287 www.bakeracademic.com Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Erickson, Millard J. Christian theology / Millard J. Erickson. — 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8010-3643-9 (cloth) 1. Theology, Doctrinal. I. Title. BT75.3.E725 2013 230—dc23 2012042213 Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com Scripture quotations labeled NIV 1984 are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Millard Erickson, Christian Theology, 3rd Edition Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 1983, 1998, 2013 Used by permission.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Classical Arminianism?
    SEEDBED SHORTS Kingdom Treasure for Your Reading Pleasure Copyright 2014 by Roger E. Olson All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without prior written permission, except for brief quotations in critical reviews or articles. uPDF ISBN: 978-1-62824-162-4 3 ABOUT THE AUTHOR Roger E. Olson Roger Olson is a Christian theologian of the evangelical Baptist persuasion, a proud Arminian, and influenced by Pietism. Since 1999 he has been the Foy Valentine Professor of Christian Theology of Ethics at George W. Truett Theological Seminary of Baylor University. Before joining the Baylor community he taught at Bethel College (now Bethel University) in St. Paul, Minnesota. He graduated from Rice University (PhD in Religious Studies) and North American Baptist Seminary (now Sioux Falls Seminary). During the mid-1990s he served as editor of Christian Scholar’s Review and has been a contributing editor of Christianity Today for several years. His articles have appeared in those publications as well as in Christian Century, Theology Today, Dialog, Scottish Journal of Theology, and many other religious and theological periodicals. Among his published works are: 20th Century Theology (co-authored with the late Stanley J. Grenz), The Story of Christian Theology, The Westminster Handbook to Evangelical Theology, Arminian Theology, Reformed and Always Reforming, and Against Calvinism. He enjoys
    [Show full text]
  • Pocket Dictionary of Theological Terms/Stanley J
    Pocket Dictionaryof THEOLOGICALTHEOLOGICAL TERMSTERMS Over 300 terms clearly & concisely defined STANLEY J. GRENZ , DAVI D GURETZKI & CHERITH FEE NOR D LIN G Pocket Dictionaryof THEOLOGICAL TERMS STANLEY J. GRENZ , DAVI D GURETZKI & CHERITH FEE NOR D LIN G InterVa rsity Press Downers Grove, Illinois InterVarsity Press P.O. Box 1400, Downers Grove, IL 60515 World Wide Web: www.ivpress.com E-mail: [email protected] ©1999 by Stanley J. Grenz, David Guretzki and Cherith Fee Nordling All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from InterVarsity Press. InterVarsity Press® is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA®, a student movement active on campus at hundreds of universities, colleges and schools of nursing in the United States of America, and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students. For information about local and regional activities, write Public Relations Dept., InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA, 6400 Schroeder Rd., P.O. Box 7895, Madison, WI 53707-7895, or visit the IVCF website at <www. intervarsity org>. All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from the Holy ible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Publishing House. All rights reserved. Cover illustration: Roberta Polfus ISBN 978-0-8308-6707-3 InterVarsity Press P.O. Box 1400, Downers Grove, IL 60515 World Wide Web: www.ivpress.com E-mail: [email protected] ©1999 by Stanley J. Grenz, David Guretzki and Cherith Fee Nordling All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from InterVarsity Press.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Embodiment and Christian Worship: God's Revelation Through the Human Body Ih Scripture, Theology, and Liturgy
    Whitworth Digital Commons Whitworth University Theology Projects & Theses Theology Fall 2019 Human Embodiment and Christian Worship: God's Revelation Through the Human Body ih Scripture, Theology, and Liturgy Carter J. C. Stepper Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.whitworth.edu/theology_etd This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theology at Whitworth University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theology Projects & Theses by an authorized administrator of Whitworth University. Human Embodiment and Christian Worship: God’s Revelation Through the Human Body in Scripture, Theology, and Liturgy A thesis presented for the degree of Master of Arts in Theology at Whitworth University Carter Stepper B.S. Moody Bible Institute May, 2009 December 2019 Dr. Karin Heller, Faculty Advisor Dr. Joshua Leim, Reviewer Summary of Salient Points This research will demonstrate that bodily existence is essential to human nature and that Christian worship practices must go hand-in-hand with a sound understanding of human embodiment in order to be faithful to the essence of Christianity. The following thesis demonstrates that the biblical understanding is that humanity was created as a body enlivened by the breath of God and intended to be the sacred sanctuary where God’s presence will dwell. In the incarnation of Jesus Christ, God’s goal to make humanity the sanctuary for his presence is fulfilled. Jesus Christ is the image of God, who redeems and represents all humanity regardless of age, class, race, or gender. All humanity finds their ultimate destiny in union with Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit, by which those who believe are transformed into God’s dwelling place.
    [Show full text]
  • Keshub Chunder Sen's Doctrine of Christ and the Trinity: a Rehabilitation·
    Keshub Chunder Sen's Doctrine of Christ and the Trinity: a Rehabilitation· W. ROY PAPEt Keshub Chunder Sen, who flourished as leader of the Brahma Samaj in the latter half of the 19th century, has occasioned more mutually contradictory responses to his teaching on Christ and the Trinity than perhaps any other theologian since Christianity began. It is our purpose in this paper to examine what precisely he did teach on these subjects and, hopefully, to relieve him of the charge of heresy (if we must use the term) and of commendations falsely grounded. Our primary data will be that famous lecture of his which represents a mature stage of his thinking and on which most of the debate has centred, namely, 'That Marvellous Mystery-the Trinity' ,1 first de­ livered in 1882. But first we must make some reference to the posi­ tions taken largely in response to this lecture. The late R. C. Zaehner (1962) describes Sen as becoming 'an in­ creasingly fervent admirer of Christ, even accepting his divinity and the doctrine of the Holy Spirit'.2 Of course 'divinity' is an ambiguous word, but since Zaehner makes no attempt to qualify it, we must assume that it carries for him the connotation it bears in 'the doctrine of the Holy Trinity', that is 'essential deity'. Most recently David L. Gosling (1974-) has remarked that Sen 'believed in the Trinity, which he related ingeniously to the Upanishadic definition of Brahman as Saccidananda'. 8 Equally sympathetic is Robin Boyd (1969) who asserts that 'his thought moves steadily in the direction of full accep­ tance of the doctrine of the Trinity' .4 Admittedly Boyd detects in Sen's lecture 'a tendency towards modalism',6 but he declines to treat this as a serious fault on the grounds that the word 'Person' is so misleading anyway in the Indian context and that 'Sen is perhaps here feeling his way towards a completely new and fully Indian formulation of the • This paper was first presented in almost its present form at a plenary session of the Bangalore Christian Theological Association on June 24th, 1975.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Christian Theology
    THE BOISI CENTER PAPERS ON RELIGION IN THE UNITED STATES An Introduction to Christian Theology Thoughtful, constructive interreligious dialogue depends not only upon the openness of the dialogue partners to diverse perspectives, but also upon a reliable foundation of correct information about the various beliefs being discussed. For those who desire a basic understanding of the tenets of Christian faith, this paper offers a brief history of Christianity and summarizes the central Christian beliefs in God, Jesus Christ, the Trinity, the Bible and authority, sin and reconciliation, sacraments, spiritual practices, and ethical living. INTRODUCTION This paper provides a primer on the basics of remain in the background of how Christianity is Christian theology as it is understood in the perceived and practiced in the United States; American context. It explains the major beliefs or frequently, these details may not even be familiar doctrines that are generally accepted by all to American Christians themselves. Nevertheless, Christians while also highlighting the theological some knowledge of these particulars is essential diversity of the Christian churches. In other words, to ground an accurate understanding of although all Christians adhere to the doctrines Christianity. discussed here, various groups of Christians often interpret these doctrines differently. These This paper thus provides an important disagreements usually have historical roots; thus, complement to the other papers in the Boisi Christianity’s historical development is Center series. In particular, since religious beliefs inseparable from its doctrinal development. For and religious practices always inform one another, this reason, the paper gives an overview of reading this paper together with the paper on Christianity’s historical development before Religious Practice in the United States is moving into a discussion of the major Christian recommended.
    [Show full text]
  • Christian Theology Iii Class Lecture Notes Table of Contents
    CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY III CLASS LECTURE NOTES TABLE OF CONTENTS Unit 1: The Doctrine of Ecclesiology ............................................................. 1 Part A: The Nature of the Church . 1 Part B: The Church in History . .14 Part C: The Polity of the Church . .24 Part D: The Ministries of the Church . 43 Part E: The Ordinances of the Church . .52 Part F: Contemporary Issues . 64 Unit 2: The Doctrine of Eschatology . 80 Part A: Personal Eschatology . .80 Death . 81 The Intermediate State . 92 The Resurrection of the Body . 102 Judgment . 107 Eternal Destinies: Heaven . 114 Eternal Destinies: Hell . 124 Part B: Cosmic Eschatology . .140 The Rapture/Return of Christ . 141 The Millennium . .151 Copyright © John S. Hammett Wake Forest, North Carolina July, 2014 CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY III UNIT 1: ECCLESIOLOGY Are you a Baptist? If so, why? For those who live and minister in a Baptist context, ecclesiology must receive special consideration, for Baptists are distinguished from other churches primarily by their ecclesiological convictions. And despite the anti-denominational attitude of many Christians today (I'm not a Baptist, I'm a Christian), it is impossible to actually do ministry without making some ecclesiological decisions that will align you more closely with some denominations, and exclude you from others. Denominationalism may be secondary, but it is inevitable, and not necessarily sinful. Furthermore, ecclesiology deserves the serious study of all believers, for it is the church that Jesus loves and died for (Eph. 5:25); it is the building of the church that is Jesus' great goal (Matt. 16:18); and it is the church that shows God's wisdom in the heavenly realms (Eph.
    [Show full text]
  • Theocentric Christology by Paul F
    THEOCENTRIC CHRISTOLOGY BY PAUL F. KNITTER "Many Christian theologians have moved resolutely away from an exclusive Christology. Today Chris- tology has become (or rebecome) inclusive,... The theocentric, non-normative understanding of Christ, proposed by the theologians we have studied, will be experienced by many Christians as a threat to the validity of their faith. Therefore, in exploring the possibility of the theocentric approach to Christ, theological caution and especially pastoral sensitiv­ ity are necessary. " N PETER SCHINELLER'S well-known survey of contemporary views of the uniqueness of Christ and the church, as well as in I Lucien Richard's more recent review of the same issue, it is clear that many Christian theologians have moved resolutely away from an exclusive Christology. Today Christology has become (or rebecome) inclusive. In unpacking what such inclusivity contains, both of the mentioned studies indicate the breadth, as well as the limits, of contemporary attitudes toward Christ and toward the world outside of Christianity. Inclusive Christologies tend to affirm a "theocentric universe," one in which God, with divine revelation and salvation, can be present beyond Jesus Christ, within all world religions. That's the breadth. But these Christologies, in different forms, still insist on the "normativity" of Jesus. That's the limit. Jesus constitutes the final, the definitive, the full and therefore the normative revelation of God. He is the "norma normans non normata, " the norm beyond all norms. All other revela­ tions and religions, rich and salvine as they may be, do not share this conclusiveness; they must be completed and "normed" by Jesus.
    [Show full text]