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Our Position Was Finely Adapted to Its Use...”
"...Our Position Was Finely Adapted To Its Use...” The Guns of Cemetery Hill Bert H. Barnett During the late afternoon of July 1, 1863, retiring Federals of the battered 1st and 11th corps withdrew south through Gettysburg toward Cemetery Hill and began to steady themselves upon it. Following the difficult experiences of the first day of battle, many officers and men were looking to that solid piece of ground, seeking all available advantages. A number of factors made this location attractive. Chief among them was a broad, fairly flat crest that rose approximately eighty feet above the center of Gettysburg, which lay roughly three-quarters of a mile to the north. Cemetery Hill commanded the approaches to the town from the south, and the town in turn served as a defensive bulwark against organized attack from that quarter. To the west and southwest of the hill, gradually descending open slopes were capable of being swept by artillery fire. The easterly side of the hill was slightly lower in height than the primary crest. Extending north of the Baltimore pike, it possessed a steeper slope that overlooked low ground, cleared fields, and a small stream. Field guns placed on this position would also permit an effective defense. It was clear that this new position possessed outstanding features. General Oliver Otis Howard, commanding the Union 11th Corps, pronounced it “the only tenable position” for the army.1 As the shadows began to lengthen on July 1, it became apparent that Federal occupation of the hill was not going to be challenged in any significant manner this day. -
Antietam the Bloodiest Day of the Civil War the Battle of Antietam (Or Sharpsburg) on Writing," Hooker Reported, "Every Stalk of Southeast of Town
Antietam The Bloodiest Day of the Civil War The Battle of Antietam (or Sharpsburg) on writing," Hooker reported, "every stalk of Southeast of town. Union Gen. Ambrose E. September 17. 1862, climaxed the first of corn in the northern and greater part of the Burnside's troops had been trying to cross Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's two at field was cut as closely as could have been a bridge over Antietam Creek since 9:30 a.m. tempts to carry the war into the North. Some done with a knife, and the slain lay in rows Some 400 Georgians had driven them back 41,000 southerners were pitted against the precisely as they had stood in their ranks a 87,000-man Federal Army of the Potomac few moments before." Hooker's troops ad It I cannot whip under Gen. George B. McClellan. And when vanced, driving the Confederates before Bobbie Lee, I will be willing to go home." the fighting ended, the course of the Ameri them, and Jackson reported that his men can Civil War had been greatly altered. were "exposed for near an hour to a terrific George B. McClellan storm of shell, canister, and musketry." War is a dreadful thing . Oh, my God. can t this civil strife be About 7 a.m. Jackson was reenforced and brought to an end." succeeded in driving the Federals back An hour later Union troops under Gen Joseph Clara Barton, who tended the wounded Mansfield counterattacked and by 9 o'clock each time At 1 p.m. -
Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers David A
Volume 1 Article 5 1995 Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers David A. Murdoch Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ach Part of the Military History Commons, United States History Commons, and the Women's History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Murdoch, David A. (1995) "Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers," Adams County History: Vol. 1 , Article 5. Available at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ach/vol1/iss1/5 This open access article is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers Abstract Catherine Mary White Foster lived with her elderly parents in the red brick house on the northwest corner of Washington and High Streets in Gettysburg at the time of the battle, 1-3 July 1863. She was the only child of James White Foster and Catherine (nee Swope) Foster (a former resident of Lancaster county), who married on 11 May 1817 and settled in Gettysburg, Adams county, Pennsylvania. Her father, James White Foster, had served his country as a first lieutenant in the War of 1812. Her grandparents, James Foster and Catherine (nee White) Foster, had emigrated with her father and five older children from county Donegal, Ireland, in 1790, and settled near New Alexandria, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. -
1 FINAL REPORT-NORTHSIDE PITTSBURGH-Bob Carlin
1 FINAL REPORT-NORTHSIDE PITTSBURGH-Bob Carlin-submitted November 5, 1993 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I Fieldwork Methodology 3 II Prior Research Resources 5 III Allegheny Town in General 5 A. Prologue: "Allegheny is a Delaware Indian word meaning Fair Water" B. Geography 1. Neighborhood Boundaries: Past and Present C. Settlement Patterns: Industrial and Cultural History D. The Present E. Religion F. Co mmunity Centers IV Troy Hill 10 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Ethnicity 1. German a. The Fichters 2. Czech/Bohemian D. Community Celebrations V Spring Garden/The Flats 14 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Ethnicity VI Spring Hill/City View 16 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Ethnicity 1. German D. Community Celebrations VII East Allegheny 18 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Ethnicity 1. German a. Churches b. Teutonia Maennerchor 2. African Americans D. Community Celebrations E. Church Consolidation VIII North Shore 24 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Community Center: Heinz House D. Ethnicity 1. Swiss-German 2. Croatian a. St. Nicholas Croatian Roman Catholic Church b. Javor and the Croatian Fraternals 3. Polish IX Allegheny Center 31 2 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Community Center: Farmers' Market D. Ethnicity 1. Greek a. Grecian Festival/Holy Trinity Church b. Gus and Yia Yia's X Central Northside/Mexican War Streets 35 A. Industrial and Cultural History B. The Present C. Ethnicity 1. African Americans: Wilson's Bar BQ D. Community Celebrations XI Allegheny West 36 A. -
VOL. XLIII, NO. 8 Michigan Regimental Round Table Newsletter—Page 1 August 2003
VOL. XLIII, NO. 8 Michigan Regimental Round Table Newsletter—Page 1 August 2003 "It wasn't like a battle at all…it was more like Indian warfare," remembered John McClure, a young private in the 14th Indiana Infantry. "I hid behind a tree and looked out. Across the way…was a rebel aiming at me. I put my hat on a stick…and stuck it out from behind the tree-as bait. Then I saw him peep out of the thicket and I shot him. It was the first time I'd ever seen the man I'd killed, and it was an awful feeling." This deadly incident, on May 5, 1864, was only one of such commonplace bloody episodes that occurred in the bitter struggle known as the Wilderness. Beginning in 1864 North and South stood in weary stalemate. All of the Federal victories from the previous year, including Gettysburg and Vicksburg, had seriously weakened the Confederacy, but, it remained bowed, not broken. For the North to win the war, now starting its fourth year, the Confederate armies must be crushed. The South, conversely, had one final hope: stymie the North's plans and count upon a war-weary Northern home front to force the conflict to the peace table. Now in early May of 1864, the two most notable titans of the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee, were about to come face-to-face in a final showdown to determine the war's outcome. Grant, whose roller coaster career had nearly ended on several occasions, was given the revitalized rank of Lieutenant General by President Lincoln, and the amazingly difficult task of besting the Army of Northern Virginia, something his predecessors had found nigh impossible. -
Timeline 1864
CIVIL WAR TIMELINE 1864 January Radical Republicans are hostile to Lincoln’s policies, fearing that they do not provide sufficient protection for ex-slaves, that the 10% amnesty plan is not strict enough, and that Southern states should demonstrate more significant efforts to eradicate the slave system before being allowed back into the Union. Consequently, Congress refuses to recognize the governments of Southern states, or to seat their elected representatives. Instead, legislators begin to work on their own Reconstruction plan, which will emerge in July as the Wade-Davis Bill. [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/states/sf_timeline.html] [http://www.blackhistory.harpweek.com/4Reconstruction/ReconTimeline.htm] Congress now understands the Confederacy to be the face of a deeply rooted cultural system antagonistic to the principles of a “free labor” society. Many fear that returning home rule to such a system amounts to accepting secession state by state and opening the door for such malicious local legislation as the Black Codes that eventually emerge. [Hunt] Jan. 1 TN Skirmish at Dandridge. Jan. 2 TN Skirmish at LaGrange. Nashville is in the grip of a smallpox epidemic, which will carry off a large number of soldiers, contraband workers, and city residents. It will be late March before it runs its course. Jan 5 TN Skirmish at Lawrence’s Mill. Jan. 10 TN Forrest’s troops in west Tennessee are said to have collected 2,000 recruits, 400 loaded Wagons, 800 beef cattle, and 1,000 horses and mules. Most observers consider these numbers to be exaggerated. “ The Mississippi Squadron publishes a list of the steamboats destroyed on the Mississippi and its tributaries during the war: 104 ships were burned, 71 sunk. -
Record of the Organizations Engaged in the Campaign, Siege, And
College ILttirarjj FROM THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ' THROUGH £> VICKSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. RECORD OF THE ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN THE CAMPAIGN, SIEGE, AND DEFENSE OF VICKSBURG. COMPILED FROM THE OFFICIAL RECORDS BY jomsr s. KOUNTZ, SECRETARY AND HISTORIAN OF THE COMMISSION. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1901. PREFACE. The Vicksburg campaign opened March 29, 1863, with General Grant's order for the advance of General Osterhaus' division from Millikens Bend, and closed July 4^, 1863, with the surrender of Pem- berton's army and the city of Vicksburg. Its course was determined by General Grant's plan of campaign. This plan contemplated the march of his active army from Millikens Bend, La. , to a point on the river below Vicksburg, the running of the batteries at Vicksburg by a sufficient number of gunboats and transports, and the transfer of his army to the Mississippi side. These points were successfully accomplished and, May 1, the first battle of the campaign was fought near Port Gibson. Up to this time General Grant had contemplated the probability of uniting the army of General Banks with his. He then decided not to await the arrival of Banks, but to make the cam paign with his own army. May 12, at Raymond, Logan's division of Grant's army, with Crocker's division in reserve, was engaged with Gregg's brigade of Pemberton's army. Gregg was largely outnum bered and, after a stout fight, fell back to Jackson. The same day the left of Grant's army, under McClernand, skirmished at Fourteen- mile Creek with the cavalry and mounted infantry of Pemberton's army, supported by Bowen's division and two brigades of Loring's division. -
08-1521 Mcdonald V. Chicago (06/28/2010)
(Slip Opinion) OCTOBER TERM, 2009 1 Syllabus NOTE: Where it is feasible, a syllabus (headnote) will be released, as is being done in connection with this case, at the time the opinion is issued. The syllabus constitutes no part of the opinion of the Court but has been prepared by the Reporter of Decisions for the convenience of the reader. See United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co., 200 U. S. 321, 337. SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES Syllabus MCDONALD ET AL. v. CITY OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 08–1521. Argued March 2, 2010—Decided June 28, 2010 Two years ago, in District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U. S. ___, this Court held that the Second Amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms for the purpose of self-defense and struck down a Dis- trict of Columbia law that banned the possession of handguns in the home. Chicago (hereinafter City) and the village of Oak Park, a Chi- cago suburb, have laws effectively banning handgun possession by almost all private citizens. After Heller, petitioners filed this federal suit against the City, which was consolidated with two related ac- tions, alleging that the City’s handgun ban has left them vulnerable to criminals. They sought a declaration that the ban and several re- lated City ordinances violate the Second and Fourteenth Amend- ments. Rejecting petitioners’ argument that the ordinances are un- constitutional, the court noted that the Seventh Circuit previously had upheld the constitutionality of a handgun ban, that Heller had explicitly refrained from opining on whether the Second Amendment applied to the States, and that the court had a duty to follow estab- lished Circuit precedent. -
Generalsecond Bullrun Campaign Under Pope That the Whole Corps Had to Be Detached from the Army of the Potomac for Rest and Recuperation
PITTSBURGH VOLUNTEERS WITH SICKLES' EXCELSIOR BRIGADE Bruce Sutherland PART 3 Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville Heintzelman's Third Corps had been so badly mauled in the battles on the Peninsula under McClellan and in the GeneralSecond BullRun campaign under Pope that the whole Corps had to be detached from the Army of the Potomac for rest and recuperation. The three divisions of the Corps were assigned to that quiet sector known as the Defenses of Washington. General Hooker's old division, the Second, was placed temporarily under the command of General Grover while Colonel Nelson Taylor commanded the Excelsior Brigade, subject to General Sickles' return. Early in September 1862, the Excelsior regiments were en- camped about two miles southwest of Alexandria near Fort Lyon. They had fallen back from the Chantilly battlefield and as William Wiley of the Friend Rifles describes it, "We only went a short dis- tance beyond that field when we again laid on our arms, and it was raining and very cold. No sleeping was done that night. The next morning we got a loaf of bread and started off again towards Fairfax and then left itand went out scouting through the country until dark when we camped again on a beautiful farm and where we lived well for that night on corn, potatoes and apples. At daylight, the morning of the 3rd, we were on the move towards Alexandria ... J>1 The column moved through thickly wooded country toward the Potomac at Pohick Church and by early afternoon the troops were on the river road which skirted Mount Vernon. -
[Pennsylvania County Histories]
J'-A ? "7 V~- / £ 3fOI( y. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from This project is made possible by a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Education through the Office of Commonwealth Libraries https://archive.org/details/pennsylvaniacoun50unse t TWA. I ISPS 5GMP mOK. PATE NT S UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. FRANCE. June 24TH, 1873. May i6th, 1877. May i 8th, 1877. TRADE MARKS: UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. Registered No. 5,896. Registered No. 15,979. DIRECTIONS. Use but little moisture, and only on the gummed lines. Press the scrap on without wetting it. DANIEL SLOTE & COMPANY, NEW YORK. From OME HARD WORK WAS DONE -f-.*3L, By the Friends of the Proposed New County-They ^ ></ I » Kept up from 1820 Until Nearly 1850—There was Date, ^ Great Rejoicing in this City When the News Reached Here that the Legislature Had Fiven us 9^ history oFrwol'AMfSr' ' a Separate County. The history of Lawrence, as a sep¬ G^^er^of Eihvo’o/cny hTs^he Tt* arate and distinct county does not yet !s Sts: r thf"v"- extend to a period of 50 years. The the Henrys and he i,™ S 0f |story of the movement having’for its settled in the Allens who object the creation of a new coonty • iro- turt Lne cllstrlCt now connric- i tile COUntioe t '-'■tiipi is- lout of parts of Mercer and Beaver is a 'very interesting one. The project re¬ ceived considerable attention in the ber «?k#a^c«rw& early years of the century and from , 5\'hites, Waltons UfOm lners'1 Wilsons, 1820 on, was pushed with,,great vigor ,pvhose de3cenden't/now n Land Taylors. -
Proceedings of the Democratic State Convention
ij >vl-C>6<£ Jl PROCEEDINGS. OT TH1 DEMOCRATIC STATE CONVENTION, WHICH ASSERaOBOLESD' AT LEWISTOWN, ©N Wednesday, *Way ®tk, IS 85* HARRISBURG: PRINTED BY CRABB dr BARRETT, £@35. A The delegates elected from the different counties of the common¬ wealth assembled at Levvistown on Wednesday, the 6th of May, 1835. On motion, Col. JOHN DICKEY, of Beaver, was called to the chair, and Andrew G. Miller, of Adams, H. G. Rogers, of Alleg¬ heny, and Henry Shoemaker, of the city of Philadelphia, Were ap¬ pointed Secretaries, for the purpose of organizing the convention. Pursuant to a resolution, the counties were called in alphabetical order, and the following named delegates appeared, presented their Credentials and took their seats: Adams.—Zephaniah Herbert, A. G. Miller, Thos. McCreery. Allegheny.—/Absalom Morris, Win. Caven, Patrick Mulvany, IX. G. Rogers, Linton Rogers. Armstrong.—Robert Robinson. Senatorial—David Reynolds. Beaver.—Jcfhn Dickey, John M. Lukens. Bedford.— James Patton. Berks.—Thomas Morris, Mark Darrah, Jacob Geehr, William Fisher, Le¬ wis W. Richards. Bradford 8f Tioga—Samuel Weeks, Dr. D. L. Scott. Senatorial—Dr. Seth Salisbury. Bucks.—Gen. S. A. Smith, David Todd, Hervey Matthias, John Comfort, Jr. Butler.—James Potts, jr. Senatorial—Samttel A. Gilmore. Centre fy Clearheld.—Dr. Constans Curten, Col. George Hubler. Senatorial —Thomas Hemphill. Chester.—John Morgan, Joseph Maekleduff, David Furey, Robert Cowan, Joseph Hemphill, ji. Columbia—John F. Derr, Col. Frederick Shirtz. Crawford.—'William McLaughlin. Senatorial—Samuel W. Magill. Cumberland.—Charles B. Penrose, Hugh Wallace. Senatorial—George Beaver. Dauphin.—John C. Bucher, Jacob Seal. Delaware.—Wm. B. Sill, A. T. Dick. Brie.—Henry Colt. -
Gettysburg: Three Days of Glory Study Guide
GETTYSBURG: THREE DAYS OF GLORY STUDY GUIDE CONFEDERATE AND UNION ORDERS OF BATTLE ABBREVIATIONS MILITARY RANK MG = Major General BG = Brigadier General Col = Colonel Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel Maj = Major Cpt = Captain Lt = Lieutenant Sgt = Sergeant CASUALTY DESIGNATION (w) = wounded (mw) = mortally wounded (k) = killed in action (c) = captured ARMY OF THE POTOMAC MG George G. Meade, Commanding GENERAL STAFF: (Selected Members) Chief of Staff: MG Daniel Butterfield Chief Quartermaster: BG Rufus Ingalls Chief of Artillery: BG Henry J. Hunt Medical Director: Maj Jonathan Letterman Chief of Engineers: BG Gouverneur K. Warren I CORPS MG John F. Reynolds (k) MG Abner Doubleday MG John Newton First Division - BG James S. Wadsworth 1st Brigade - BG Solomon Meredith (w) Col William W. Robinson 2nd Brigade - BG Lysander Cutler Second Division - BG John C. Robinson 1st Brigade - BG Gabriel R. Paul (w), Col Samuel H. Leonard (w), Col Adrian R. Root (w&c), Col Richard Coulter (w), Col Peter Lyle, Col Richard Coulter 2nd Brigade - BG Henry Baxter Third Division - MG Abner Doubleday, BG Thomas A. Rowley Gettysburg: Three Days of Glory Study Guide Page 1 1st Brigade - Col Chapman Biddle, BG Thomas A. Rowley, Col Chapman Biddle 2nd Brigade - Col Roy Stone (w), Col Langhorne Wister (w). Col Edmund L. Dana 3rd Brigade - BG George J. Stannard (w), Col Francis V. Randall Artillery Brigade - Col Charles S. Wainwright II CORPS MG Winfield S. Hancock (w) BG John Gibbon BG William Hays First Division - BG John C. Caldwell 1st Brigade - Col Edward E. Cross (mw), Col H. Boyd McKeen 2nd Brigade - Col Patrick Kelly 3rd Brigade - BG Samuel K.