History of Forensic Fingerprint Analysis

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History of Forensic Fingerprint Analysis Note: There will be approximately 5 questions over the History of Fingerprint Analysis on the unit test. You should learn this material on your own to answer the questions on the test. If memorization is difficult for you, I will provide a second option. You may type a short history of fingerprinting, in your own words, that includes the main points in the following information plus one novel or new piece of information not found on this page (include a citation or URL for the source of your novel information). You may hand in your typed history on the day of the test in lieu of the 5 questions. You will be graded on your effort and your points will be added to your test grade. Your typed history may earn only as much as the 5 questions are worth. Sir William Herschel, a British officer working for the Indian Civil service, began to use thumbprints 1856 on documents both as a substitute for written signatures for illiterates and to verify document signatures. Henry Faulds, a Scottish physician working in Tokyo, published a paper in the journal Nature suggesting that fingerprints at the scene of a crime could identify the offender. In one of the first 1880 recorded uses of fingerprints to solve a crime, Faulds used fingerprints to eliminate an innocent suspect and indicate a perpetrator in a Tokyo burglary. (Sir) Francis Galton (half-cousin of Charles Darwin) published Fingerprints, the first comprehensive 1892 book on the nature of fingerprints and their use in solving crime. He was first to identify 8 different types of fingerprint patterns. Sir Edward Richard Henry developed the print classification system that would come to be used in 1896 Europe and North America. He published Classification and Uses of Finger Prints. Sir Edward Richard Henry was appointed head of Scotland Yard and forced the adoption of 1901 fingerprint identification to replace anthropometry. Edmund Locard, successor to Lacassagne as Professor of forensic medicine at the University of Lyons, 1910 France, established the first police crime laboratory. Edmond Locard (Locard’s Exchange Principle) first suggested 12 matching points as a positive 1918 fingerprint identification. http://www.fortunecity.com/campus/design/919/history.html .

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The Fingerprint Sourcebook
CHAPTER HISTORY Jeffery G. Barnes CONTENTS 3 1.1 Introduction 11 1.6 20th Century 3 1.2 Ancient History 17 1.7 Conclusion 4 1.3 221 B.C. to A.D. 1637 17 1.8 Reviewers 5 1.4 17th and 18th Centuries 17 1.9 References 6 1.5 19th Century 18 1.10 Additional Information 1–5 History C H A P T E R 1 CHAPTER 1 HISTORY 1.1 Introduction The long story of that inescapable mark of identity has Jeffery G. Barnes been told and retold for many years and in many ways. On the palm side of each person’s hands and on the soles of each person’s feet are prominent skin features that single him or her out from everyone else in the world. These fea- tures are present in friction ridge skin which leaves behind impressions of its shapes when it comes into contact with an object. The impressions from the last finger joints are known as fingerprints. Using fingerprints to identify indi- viduals has become commonplace, and that identification role is an invaluable tool worldwide. What some people do not know is that the use of friction ridge skin impressions as a means of identification has been around for thousands of years and has been used in several cultures. Friction ridge skin impressions were used as proof of a person’s identity in China perhaps as early as 300 B.C., in Japan as early as A.D. 702, and in the United States since 1902. 1.2 Ancient History Earthenware estimated to be 6000 years old was discov- ered at an archaeological site in northwest China and found to bear clearly discernible friction ridge impressions.
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