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Arboviruses Enhance Your Microbiology Workfl Ows OFFICIALOFFICIAL JOURNALJOURNAL OFOF THETHE AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY INC.INC. VolumeVolume 3939 NumberNumber 22 MayMay 20182018 Arboviruses Enhance your Microbiology workfl ows Pickolo™ MICRONAUT ASTroID Spark® • Automated colony picking • Automated AST & MALDI spotting • High-Speed Absorbance Mono • MALDI target spotting • Microdilution procedure (real MIC) • Multi-color luminescence • Sample and plate image • Confi rmation of major resistance • Innovative FI Fusion optics • Suitable for medium size labs phenotypes (MRSA, VRE, MRGN) • CO2/O2, temperature and humidity • Customized drug confi guration control (O2 concentration range • Expert SW & LIS data export 0.1% vol. – 21% vol.) • Integrated lid handling www.scirobotics.com www.merlin-diagnostika.de www.tecan.com Talk to our specialists and see our instruments. Visit our booth at ASM2018 in Brisbane. Call: Australia +61 3 9647 4100 The Americas: +1 919 361 5200 Europe: +49 79 5194 170 Asia: +81 44 556 7311 E-Mail: Australia: [email protected] · All: [email protected] For research use only. © 2018 Tecan Trading AG, Switzerland, all rights reserved. For disclaimer and trademarks please visit www.tecan.com The Australian Society for Microbiology Inc. OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY INC. 9/397 Smith Street Fitzroy, Vic. 3065 Tel: 1300 656 423 Volume 39 Number 2 May 2018 Fax: 03 9329 1777 Email: [email protected] www.theasm.org.au Contents ABN 24 065 463 274 Vertical Transmission 64 For Microbiology Australia correspondence, see address below. Roy Robins-Browne 64 Editorial team Guest Editorial 65 Prof. Ian Macreadie, Mrs Hayley Macreadie Arboviruses 65 and Mrs Rebekah Clark David W Smith Editorial. Board Dr Ipek Kurtböke (Chair) Prof. Wieland Meyer Editorial 66 Prof. Ross Barnard Mr Chris Owens From the Editorial Team 66 Prof. Mary Barton Prof. William Rawlinson Ian Macreadie Prof. Linda Blackall Prof. Roy Robins-Browne Dr Chris Burke Dr Paul Selleck In Focus 67 Dr Narelle Fegan Dr Erin Shanahan Dr Gary Lum Dr David Smith Dengue introduced by travellers, Australia 67 Dr Sam Manna Ms Helen Smith Allison Imrie Dr John Merlino Dr Jack Wang Newly discovered mosquito viruses help control vector-borne viral diseases 72 Subscription rates Roy A Hall and Jody Hobson-Peters Current subscription rates are available from the ASM Melbourne offi ce. Chikungunya: treatments, opportunities and possibilities 76 Joseph R Freitas, Shambhavi Rao and Suresh Mahalingam Editorial correspondence Prof. Ian Macreadie The detection and significance of emerging insecticide resistance Tel: 0402 564 308 (Ian) in mosquitoes 80 Email: [email protected] Nancy M Endersby-Harshman, Andrew R Weeks and Ary A Hoffmann Published four times a year The risks to Australia from emerging and exotic arboviruses 84 in print and open access online by John S Mackenzie and Andrew F van den Hurk Under the Microscope 88 Endemic Australian arboviruses of human health significance 88 David W Smith Unipark, Building 1, Level 1 195 Wellington Road, Clayton, Vic. 3168 The Asia-Pacific origins of the current outbreaks of Zika virus 91 http://microbiology.publish.csiro.au Jamal I-Ching Sam Publishing enquiries The origins of dengue outbreaks in northern Queensland, Jenny Foster Australia, 1990–2017 93 Email: [email protected] Alyssa T Pyke Production enquiries Helen Pavlatos Arboviruses in pregnancy: consequences of maternal and fetal infection 96 Email: [email protected] William Rawlinson Advertising enquiries Tel: 03 9545 8400 Neurological disease caused by flavivirus infections 99 Email: [email protected] Tristan Gibbs and David J Speers © 2018 The Australian Society for Microbiology Inc. Arbovirus infections of animals: congenital deformities, encephalitis, The ASM, through CSIRO Publishing, reserve all rights to the content, artwork and photographs in Microbiology sudden death and blindness 103 Australia. Permission to reproduce text, photos and Peter D Kirkland artwork must be sought from CSIRO Publishing. The Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent The molecular epidemiology of Murray Valley encephalitis amendments permit downloading and use of an article by virus in Australasia 106 an individual or educational institution for non- David T Williams commercial personal use or study. Multiple reproduction of any Microbiology Australia article in a study block is Protecting Australia from disease vectors: exotic mosquito governed by rights agreement managed by Copyright management at the border 108 Agency Limited and fees may apply. Angus Sly and Callum Mack Authors published in Microbiology Australia have the moral right under Australian law to be acknowledged as the creator. ISSN 1324-4272 eISSN 2201-9189 While reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the content, the Australian Society for Microbiology, CSIRO, and CSIRO Publishing accept no responsibility for any loss or damage from the direct or indirect use of or reliance on the content. The opinions expressed in articles, letters, and advertisements in Microbiology Australia are not necessarily those of the Australian Society for Microbiology, the Editorial Board, CSIRO, and CSIRO Publishing. Cover image: Female (left) and male (right) Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (photograph by Perran Ross). MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA • MAY 2018 63 Vertical Transmission It is reassuring to know that ASM’s future is in such good hands, together with those of Kate and Rebecca as our new Vice Presidents for Scientific Affairs and Communications, respectively, I also want to thank all the other members of Council (our State Branch Chairs and Chairs of Standing Committees), as well as the members of these committees and the members of the Editorial Roy Robins-Browne Board of Microbiology Australia. As a Society we are also indebted President of ASM to those members who represent ASM on National and State Advisory Committees and Boards. Special thanks are due to our scientific advisors: Linda Blackall, Heidi Drummer, Tom Riley, Mark Dear fellow microbiologists Schembri and Deb Williamson, for their wisdom and support. I suspect that this is my last contribution to Microbiology Australia ASM is fortunate to have such an amazingly talented group of in my present role. people to call upon. Let me start by saying that it has been a tremendous honour and I would like to single out for special thanks Kara Taglieri from ASN a privilege to serve you as your President. In the past few years I have Events for keeping me in line, and ensuring that (almost) every- learned much about how our Society works and hopefully have thing I had to do happened on time. contributed something towards its progress. Most importantly, ’ I have worked with some truly talented people who have guided This would not be a complete communication from me if I didn t fi and assisted me along the way. Foremost amongst these are remind you of our forthcoming Annual Scienti c Meeting in Bris- – members of the Executive Committee: Jon Iredell (whom my voice bane a great place to visit in midwinter. Weather aside, the Local recognition software identified as ‘John Ideal’), Dena Lyras, Cheryl Organising Committee under the skilled leadership of Kate Seib has fi Power, Jack Wang, Kate Seib and Rebecca LeBard. compiled fantastic scienti c and social programs, which are certain to inform and delight all those who attend. If you haven’t already In July, Jon, Dena and Jack will be stepping down from their current registered, please do so at: http://asmmeeting.theasm.org.au/. roles and we need to thank all three for their dedication to the Society and their selfless contributions. Dena will not be leaving Lastly, I would like to thank all ASM members for your support and the Exec, however, as she is due to take over from me as President. wish you and our Society all the very best for the future. 64 10.1071/MA18017 MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA * MAY 2018 Guest Editorial Arboviruses been accompanied by vaccines or antiviral agents for our Australian viruses so far, so our strategies for prevention of infections still rely on control of vector populations and avoidance of mosquito David W Smith exposure. Department of Microbiology 4th Floor, PP Block This issue of Microbiology Australia addresses the impact of these PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA Hospital Avenue viruses on human and animal health, the multidisciplinary ap- Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia Tel: +61 8 6383 4438 proach to understanding them and their control, and dealing with Fax: +61 8 9346 3960 those that are future threats to Australia. Improved methods for Email: [email protected] detecting and characterising these viruses and their vectors have expanded our understanding of patterns and drivers of spread. We still have some way to go in understanding the ecology of our endemic arboviruses, predicting our susceptibility to exotic viruses, Arboviruses are established as important causes of human and tracking and controlling the mosquitoes, preventing and treating animal disease within Australia, as well as being high on the list of infections, and in understanding the complex interactions between important emerging and exotic risk to Australia. They have been an the viruses, the insect vectors,the animal amplifiers, andthe human integral part of the Australian ecological environment and evolved or animal immune systems. with it, adapting to our environment, to our arthropods, to our birds and to our mammals. As you will see from this issue, these are important and fascinating viruses. In Australia, we are blessed with a great depth of expertise Most of what we know about human infections with these viruses and knowledge about arboviruses and arboviral infection, and in has been described since the European settlement, but they must developing cross-sectoral interactions. There is plenty more for us have been present and have infected humans and animals for to do, and progress depends on a One Health approach nationally extensive periods of time prior to that. Their ecology is influenced and with our international partners! by multiple factors that modify human behaviour, animal popula- tions, mosquito behaviour, and the environment.
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