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Abiotic and Biotic Factors Determining the Nutrient Stoichiometry of Contrasting Terrestrial Ecosystems Ifigenia Urbina Barreto

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Abiotic and Biotic Factors Determining the Nutrient Stoichiometry of Contrasting Terrestrial Ecosystems Ifigenia Urbina Barreto ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials dʼinvestigació i docència en els termes establerts a lʼart. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix lʼautorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No sʼautoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes dʼexplotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des dʼun lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc sʼautoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la persona autora. En cualquier caso, en la utilización de sus contenidos se deberá indicar de forma clara el nombre y apellidos de la persona autora y el título de la tesis doctoral. No se autoriza su reproducción u otras formas de explotación efectuadas con fines lucrativos ni su comunicación pública desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. Tampoco se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al contenido de la tesis como a sus resúmenes e índices. WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis and its use must respect the rights of the author. It can be used for reference or private study, as well as research and learning activities or materials in the terms established by the 32nd article of the Spanish Consolidated Copyright Act (RDL 1/1996). Express and previous authorization of the author is required for any other uses. In any case, when using its content, full name of the author and title of the thesis must be clearly indicated. Reproduction or other forms of for profit use or public communication from outside TDX service is not allowed. Presentation of its content in a window or frame external to TDX (framing) is not authorized either. These rights affect both the content of the thesis and its abstracts and indexes. Universitat Autonoma` de Barcelona Centre de Recerca Ecologica` i Aplicacions Forestals DOCTORADO EN ECOLOGIA TERRESTRE Abiotic and biotic factors determining the nutrient stoichiometry of contrasting terrestrial ecosystems. Ph.D. Thesis Ifigenia Urbina Barreto Advisors: Dr. Josep Penuelas˜ Reixach Dr. Jordi Sardans Galobart Dr. Oriol Grau Fernandez May 2019 i Agradecimientos Para no romper el hilo conceptual de esta tesis, quise organizar los agradecimientos de este trabajo desde una vision´ Macroecologica,´ donde los resultados encontrados son el producto agregado de las contribuciones individuales de los atributos de muchas especies, en este caso, de muchos individuos de la misma especie; hasta lo fundamental para la vida en la tierra, la qu´ımica organica.´ Desde la Macroecolog´ıa: En primer lugar, quiero agradecer a Jordi y Josep por darme la oportunidad de pasar 4 anos˜ sumergida en el mundo cient´ıfico academico,´ por haber confiado en mi y apostado por este reto juntos. Oriol, gracias por embarcarte en esta aventura sin dudarlo y por tu dedicacion´ durante todo este tiempo. Por ensenarme˜ que los sinonimos´ son perfectos para la narrativa y poes´ıa pero que en el texto cient´ıfico no aplican. Que los datos hay que mirarlos una y otra vez antes de sacar un resultado claro de ellos. Gracias a tu constancia y paciencia mis manuscritos son hoy mas´ entendibles para todo el mundo. Por los trabajos de campo compartidos y las buenas conversaciones cient´ıficas y de la vida. Ha sido incre´ıble compartir este viaje contigo. Sin tu ayuda y dedicacion´ este trabajo no ser´ıa posible. Gracias al equipo ‘Guyana Dream Team’, por hacer de aquellos muestreos una experiencia inolvidable. Roma,` Joan, Guille, Loles, Oriol, aunque en muchos momentos parec´ıa que estuvieramos´ inmersos en la pel´ıcula ‘Jumanji’, o protago- nizando una saga de ella, creo que nunca me he estresado, re´ıdo y aprendido tanto al mismo tiempo. Cohetes despegando al espacio, la aduana, lluvia torrencial, el nitrogeno´ l´ıquido, la especies a muestrear, las pulgas de acut´ı, liofilizar, escalar arboles,´ Inselberg, tamizar, DHL, calor tropical, Paracou y Nouragues. Parte de los resultados de aquellos muestreos de hace unos anos˜ estan´ resumidos en esta tesis. Josep, Jordi, gracias por permitirme formar parte de un ERC Synergy Grant Project, cada ‘Imbalance P meeting’ fue un momento de intercambio cient´ıfico y aprendizaje muy estimulante. Ha sido un privilegio haber vivido esto durante mi doctorado. A todo el Global Ecology Unit por su apoyo de una u otra manera durante este tiempo y Josep Ninot por su apoyo y colaboracion´ en el estudio del Pirineo. Lore, Leandro, thanks for all your support over the years, it has been a pleasure working with you. Lore, I have many pleasant memories about you and me sampling early in the morning in the middle of the forest, my constant worry about the liquid nitrogen and your constant attempts to measure photosynthesis in the dry season, when the stomates did not care about your frustration and were closed most of the time. At those moments, I realized how difficult but also how stimulating our work could be. Leandro, thanks your valuable scientific inputs along the years, I learned and enjoyed a lot working with you, both in the field and in these challenging manuscripts. Jozsef,´ gracias por abrirme las puertas del Naturalis Biodiversity Center y a todo el Biodiversity Dynamic group por acogerme durante mi estancia en Leiden. Por tu dedicacion,´ comprension´ y calidez humana. Fueron unos meses de mucho aprendizaje y una bonita experiencia vivir en Holanda aquella primavera. I also ii want to express special thanks to Elza Duijm, for being with me all the time at the lab and explaining with enthusiasm every little doubt I had on the analytical work. Your solidarity and dedication during my stay there is much appreciated. Olga a ti te debo que hayamos ido juntas a la EGU y viviera uno de los mas´ po- tentes congresos de Europa. Fue fantastico´ estar sumergida en elemento qu´ımicos, geolog´ıa y ecolog´ıa de durante 5 d´ıas ¡Gracias! Sara, tu tambien´ fuiste parte de esto. La pasamos a lo grande. ‘Ramen group’, Lu, Beni, Raul,´ Yola, Pipo, Rosella, Sara, Joan, Olga, David gracias por las cenas, paellas, Timpadas (algun´ ramen), paseos por la montana,˜ fiestones y noches hablando de las maravillas y complejidades de la ciencia. Por las risas y los momentos compartidos durante estos ultimos´ anos.˜ Yola, Pipo, David y Lu gracias por el apoyo cercano e incondicional en la recta final, todo ha sido mas´ facil´ con ustedes al lado. A todos los companeros˜ de despacho por las chacharas´ interminables y ayudas en mil dudas que salieron durante este tiempo, y a toda la gente del CREAF con la que he compartido parte de mi vida en estos anos.˜ Gracias por hacer de esta epoca´ de mi vida un recuerdo feliz. Nenas de la uni gracias por su carino˜ y soporte durante todos estos anos.˜ Ari, Peipi, Nuri, Tere, Lau, Paula, poder pasar d´ıas y noches enteros hablando de ciencia y de la vida en el Pirineo, la costa brava, en bares y calc¸otadas; armar y desarmar el mundo y quedarnos mas´ tranquilas a la manana˜ siguiente, no tiene comparacion´ con nada. Desde la qu´ımica organica:´ Mama, Papa, hay una frase que les recuerdo a los dos por igual a lo largo de toda mi vida: ‘solo lo dif´ıcil es estimulante’. No saben cuantas veces la he pensado en esto cuatro anos.˜ Su motivacion´ y apoyo en todo lo que hago me han dado la confianza para enfrentarme a retos como este. No creo que pueda agradecerles con palabras. Esta tesis es una pequena˜ muestra de todo el carino˜ y esfuerzo que han depositado en mi durante toda mi vida. A mis hermanos Isa y Julio, por ser un ejemplo ha seguir, por retarme a ser mejor y estar siempre tan cerca, por recordarme lo importante de la vida, sin ustedes a mi lado nada de esto ser´ıa posible. Vero gracias por tus ilustraciones que hacen que este trabajo sea mas´ agradable para cualquiera que lo tenga en sus manos. Me siento feliz de tener un pedacito de ti en estas paginas.´ Ugo, gracias por ensenarme˜ que el amor y la constancia son la base de todo. Por ensenarme˜ nuevas formas y maneras. Por aceptarme y admirarme siempre. Por soportar estos ultimos´ meses de locura y ser incondicional conmigo. Sin ti a mi lado nada ser´ıa igual. Pina, Giovanni, Milly, Elena, siete la famiglia dei sogni che non avrei mai potuto immaginare. Grazie per aver illuminato la mia vita e molti bei momenti durante tutti questi anni. ¡Vi voglio bene! A los que siento como la pequena˜ familia que me ha dado la vida, aunque algunos estamos lejos, el amor y carino˜ no cambia. Ari, Mara, Carlotta, Alan, Jose, Mela, David, Eli, Pipo, Gus, Miky, Alba, Sandra.
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