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Austrocarabodes Sp2 and Austracarbodes Sp Navorsinge VAN DIE NASIONALE MUSEUM BLOEMFONTEIN VOLUME 26, PART 2 DECEMBER 2010 Two new species of Austrocarabodes (Acari: Oribatida: Carabodidae) from South Africa: A. mahunkai and A. lineasetosa by Elizabeth A. Hugo-Coetzee NAVORSINGE VAN DIE NASIONALE MUSEUM, BLOEMFONTEIN is 'n geakkrediteerde joernaal wat oorspronklike navorsing publiseer. Manuskripte wat erkende studierigtings van die Museum omsluit en/of wat op die studieversamelings van die Museum gebaseer is en/of wat handel oor studies wat in die Vrystaat onderneem is, sal oorweeg word. Voorlegging van 'n manuskrip impliseer dat die materiaal oorspronklik is en geen soortgelyke manuskrip elders voorgelê is of voorgelê sal word nie. Outeurs dra die volle verantwoordelikheid vir die feitelike inhoud van hulle publikasies. Bydraes sal vir kritiese oorweging na ten minste twee geskikte buite-beoordelaars verwys word. Manuskripte vir publikasie moet voorgelê word aan: Die Redakteur, Navorsinge, Nasionale Museum, Posbus 266, Bloemfontein, 9300, Republiek van Suid-Afrika. Voorskrifte aan outeurs verskyn afsonderlik aan die einde van 'n volume of kan van die redakteur verkry word. --------------------------------------------------------------- NAVORSINGE VAN DIE NASIONALE MUSEUM, BLOEMFONTEIN is an accredited journal which publishes original research results. Manuscripts containing topics related to the approved research disciplines of the Museum, and/or those based on study collections of the Museum, and/or studies undertaken in the Free State, will be considered. Submission of a manuscript will be taken to imply that the material is original and that no similar paper is being or will be submitted for publication elsewhere. Authors will bear full responsibility for the factual content of their publications. All contributions will be critically reviewed by at least two appropriate external referees. Contributions should be forwarded to: The Editor, Navorsinge, National Museum, PO Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, Republic of South Africa. Instructions to authors appear at the end of each volume or are available from the editor. ISSN 0067-928 NATURAL SCIENCES VOLUME 26, PART 2 DECEMBER 2010 Two new species of Austrocarabodes (Acari: Oribatida: Carabodidae) from South Africa: A. mahunkai and A. lineasetosa by Elizabeth A. Hugo-Coetzee National Museum, P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Hugo-Coetzee, E.A. 2010. Two new species of Austrocarabodes (Acari: Oribatida: Carabodidae) from South Africa: A. mahunkai and A. lineasetosa. Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein 26(2): 45-59. The genus Austrocarabodes occurs worldwide except in northern polar regions. Currently only four species are known from South Africa. Two new South African species are described in this paper, namely Austrocarabodes mahunkai spec. nov. and Austrocarabodes lineasetosa spec. nov. (Oribatida, Carabodidae, Austrocarabodes, new species, South Africa) OPSOMMING Die genus Austrocarabodes kom wêreldwyd, behalwe in die noordelike poolstreke, voor. Tans is daar nog net vier spesies vanaf Suid Afrika beskryf. In hierdie artikel word twee nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse spesies beskryf, naamlik Austrocarabodes mahunkai spec. nov. en Austrocarabodes lineasetosa spec. nov. ISBN 1 86847 134 9 46 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 26, Part 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 46 DESCRIPTION OF NEW SPECIES ................................................................................... 47 Austrocarabodes mahunkai spec. nov. .................................................................. 47 Austrocarabodes lineasetosa spec. nov. ................................................................ 53 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................... 57 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................. 58 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................... 58 INTRODUCTION The genus Austrocarabodes (Carabodidae) was proposed by Hammer (1966) with Carabodes ensifer (Sellnick, 1931) as the type species. Three subgenera are known, namely Austrocarabodes Hammer, 1966 (72 species), Baloghodes Mahunka, 1986 (two species) and Uluguroides Mahunka, 1983 (seven species) (Subías 2004 [2010]; Ermilov et al. 2010). The main characteristics of the genus Austrocarabodes are: lamellae without cusps; lamellar setae inserted on distal lateral surface of lamellae; rostral setae reaching beyond tip of rostrum; interlamellar setae originate close to inner margin of lamellae; dorsosejugal suture visible (except in A. [Baloghodes] heterotrichosus); 13 (A. (B.) heterotrichosus) or 14 pairs of notogastral setae; apodeme 3 short, not reaching the sternum; four (Austrocarabodes, Baloghodes), 5-8 (Uluguroides) pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, two pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae, ad3 in preanal position; legs monodactylous, claw with tooth, femora III-IV with broad ventral ribs, surface of trochanters and femora punctuate (Hammer 1966; Mahunka 1983; Mahunka, 1986b; Hugo 2008; Ermilov et al. 2010). The main difference between the subgenera Austrocarabodes and Baloghodes is the form of the notogastral setae. In Austrocarabodes all the notogastral setae are similar, whereas in Baloghodes four pairs of postero-marginal setae are short and curved while the other nine (A. (B.) heterotrichosus) or ten (A. (B.) secundus) pairs are long and setiform (Hammer 1966; Mahunka 1986b; Mahunka 1993). The subgenus Austrocarabodes (Carabodidae) comprises 72 species that occur worldwide except in boreal areas (Subías 2004 [2010]). The Ethiopian region is rich in species of this subgenus, with 20 known species (of which three species are species inquirenda). Four species have been described from South Africa, namely A. pinnatus Mahunka, 1986, A. hendriksi Hugo, 2008, A. luciensis Hugo, 2008, and A. vernoncrookensis Hugo, 2008 (Mahunka 1986a; Hugo 2008). A further two Austrocarabodes species from South Africa are described here. 2010 E.A. Hugo-Coetzee – Two Austrocarabodes species from South Africa 47 DESCRIPTION OF NEW SPECIES Superfamily: Carabodoidea Koch, 1837 Family: Carabodidae Koch, 1837 Genus (subgenus): Austrocarabodes (Austrocarabodes) Hammer, 1966 Austrocarabodes mahunkai spec. nov. (Figures 1-3) Diagnosis Light brown to yellow; surface ornamentation slightly different on prodorsum and notogaster, prodorsum with crooked lines and crosses, notogaster with irregular circular depressions containing lines; sensillar head strongly recurving; notogastral setae phylliform, barbed, ending in sharp point, medial notogastral setae not in a straight line; ventral surface not ornamented, except for a band of ornamentation between genital and anal plates. (See Discussion for comparative diagnostic characters.) Dimensions Length: females (n = 6) mean 548 μm (range 500-600 μm), males (n = 10) mean 484 μm (range 440-520 μm). Width: females, mean 308 μm (range 300-320 μm), males, mean 284 μm (range 260-300 μm). Holotype (male): length 510 μm, width 300 μm. Prodorsum (Fig. 1A) Surface of lamella smooth, prodorsal surface between lamellae with intricate pattern of crooked lines and crosses; rostrum rounded; in lateral view (not shown), region between bothridium and interlamellar seta (in) on higher level gradually declining anteriorly of interlamellar region towards a lower level in rostral region; rostral seta (ro), lamellar seta (le), in phylliform, barbed, ending in a sharp point, with strong midribs; ro curving medially, inserted on tubercle originating on translamella; in longest of prodorsal setae, curving outward, as long as their mutual distance; sensillus (ss) with long peduncle, head small (in holotype: recurved section = 22 μm long, 0.68 μm wide), strongly recurving, spiculate; bothridium smooth inside, without vertical lines; darker region below le, i.e. darker than rest of prodorsum. Notogaster (Fig. 1A) Surface with irregular circular depressions containing crooked lines and crosses (size of depressions varies in specimens from different locations); anterior margin convex; humeral region strongly developed; notogastral setae short (mean across 14 notogastral setae in holotype = 44.2 μm), phylliform, barbed, with strong midribs, tips pointed; c1, da not reaching alveoli of da, dm respectively. Coxisternal region (Fig. 1B) Surface smooth; apodemes and borders clearly visible; setae 1a, 1c, 2a, 3a very short, spiniform, smooth, 1c hardly visible; 1b, 3b, 4a, 4b long, smooth; 3c, 4c long, barbed. 48 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 26, Part 2 Figure 1: Austrocarabodes mahunkai spec. nov. holotype male (100 μm), A: dorsal view. Magnifications of sensillus ss (1) dorsal view, (2) lateral view, lamellar seta (le) and notogastral seta dm (50 μm); B: ventral view. Anogenital region (Fig. 1B) Band of ornamentation (similar to notogastral ornamentation) between genital and anal plates, areas around genital and anal plates smooth, faint ridge present between smooth area around anal plates and ornamented area (ridge not clear in all specimens); genital setae smooth; aggential (ag) setae long (47 μm), smooth; anal setae smooth, thickened; adanal (ad) setae phylliform, similar to notogastral setae, but smaller; lyrifissure iad situated laterally of ad3, between ad3 and lateral margin of ventral plate.
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