Index

8 Mile 78,118 alcohol viii, 86 Alexander the Great 150 Access Hollywood 151 Ali Baba story 112–13 AC/DC 105 Ali G character 78–9 action 40, 53, 54, 61 Alien 30, 31 action adventure fi lms 123 alienation 90, 114, 118 Adarsha Dampathigalu 177, 178 Alka-Seltzer 101 adolescence 43–4, 90, 114, Althusser, Louis 52 154–5 Amazon Basin 171 advertisements America, South 165–6 celebrity 151–2 American, as concept 59, 60–1, 79 China 100–1 American dream 139 clothing 95–6 Americanization of taste 171 consumer culture 99–100 anarchism 3, 63, 89, 92 ethnicity 75–6, 81 Anglo-Americans 75 Fairness Doctrine 10 see also WASPs fantasy 100 Animal House 142 gay-derogatory expressions 35 Aniston, Jennifer 152, 156 misappropriating music 111 anti-authoritarianism 63–4, 175 public space 29 Anti-Christ 46–7 Reagan 49, 52n1 anti-exception argument 6, 7 targeting 75, 81 anti-intellectual stance 66 visual design 100 anti-materialism 63 aesthetics COPYRIGHTED ix, 98, 171 Anyon, MATERIAL Jean 82 affect 29, 154 Apocalypse Now 49–51 Africa 7, 32, 71, 163, 172–3 Apostrophe 5 AfterEllen.com 35 Apu Trilogy (Ray) 2 Aggleton, Peter 39 Arab people 19, 42, 123, 127 Aguilera, Christina 116 architecture vii, 16, 17–18, 20 AIDS 32, 151 see also built environment Index 181

Arellano, Gustavo 81 Blacks Argentina 123 conservatives on 49 Aristotle 150 high blood pressure 72 Armenians 72 hip hop 77–8 art ix, 1–2 music 110, 117 Ashbery, John 107 poverty 49 Asia 7, 29, 71, 172–3 racist ideology 40 Asian Americans 73–5 rhythm and blues 77 assertiveness 28 stereotypes 74 AT&T advertisement 75 youth community 79–80 attachment 153, 154–5 blockbuster fi lms 2 audience 1, 2 blood-lines 42 Aufderheide, Pat 11 Blue Velvet 142 authoritarianism 44, 46, 88, 175 Blunt, Alison 25 avant-garde 1–2, 3 body 105–6, 107–8, 120 Axe body spray 102 body culture 161, 162 body piercing ix, 166 Bakhtin, Mikhail 59 body shape 162, 163 Ban Ki-moon 131 body-building 162 Banton, Buju 35 bohemian movement viii–ix, 91–2 Barak, Ehud 131 Bollywood 176 Barbie Girls 78 Bonaparte, Napoleon 150–1 Barbosa, Regina Maria 39 Booth, Wayne 59 Barker, Hugh 121 Boston 17 Barthes, Roland 104 bourgeois culture viii, 92 Basic Instinct 142 Brackett, David 121 Batman, Joker character 3 breadwinner role 31–2, 33 Beatles 110 break dancing 77 beatniks 109 breasts 162–3 beauty 26, 102, 161, 163–4, 176 Bretonne 13 Beckham, David 100 bricolage 111 behavior vii, 43 Bridget Jones’ Diary 32 learned 26, 27, 28 Britain 88, 111, 175–6, 177 Benedict XVI, Pope 107 British Broadcasting Corporation 3, Bennett, Andy 121 153 bingo hall experience 165 broadcast band 9 Binkley, Sam 169 Brooklyn Bridge 166 bisexuality 28 Bryan, William Jennings 151 Bitzer, Lloyd 59 Buell, Greg 119 Black, Edwin 59 built environment vii, 12, 15, 166 Black Girl 173–4 bullying 36 Blackness, acquiring 79 Bundy, Tom 30–1 182 Index

Burke, Kenneth 59–60, 61, 63, 69 institutions 13 bus ride experience 165 Internet 172 Bush, George W. 45, 56 national culture 170 business world 161–2 obedience 44 patriarchy 44 call centers 176 wall posters 122–3 cameras 142–3 writing 13 Cameroon, fi lm from 32 young people 43–4 Canada 35, 126–9, 130–2 Christian symbols 17, 18 capitalism 46, 108, 139 Christianity, evangelical 45, 46 capitalisms, types Chungking Express 179 consumer 62, 63, 145 Cicero 122 cowboy vii citizenship 72 family-based 17–18 Clark, Sally 93 free market 42–3 Clash 89 individualist 158 class 44–5, 47, 71, 80, 96, 119 Cappett, Karl 169 class ladder 44 captains’ houses 20 class relations 23–4 Caribbeans 13 class warfare 40, 49 Carrithers, Michael 69 Clinton, Bill 53 cars 16, 166 Clinton, Hillary 53–4, 83, 107 Cashmore, Ellis 159 clothing viii–ix casinos 23, 24 advertisements 95–6 caste system 175, 177 brands 96 celebrity creativity 99 advertising revenue 151–2 culture 83 attachment 153, 154–5 functionality 94, 98 freedom of movement 155 group solidarity 96, 97 gossip on 156, 159 identity 37, 95 identifi cation 152–3 metaphor for love 38 media 150–2, 155–6 punk style 99 celebrity discourse 157 rank 95–6 censorship 88 symbolism 94–5 charisma 150 wealth differentials 98–9 chick lit 31, 32 see also dress code China CNN 11, 42, 132–3 advertisements 100–1 cognition 29, 40, 42 agricultural production 13 Cohen, Sacha Baron 78–9 authoritarianism 175 Colombia 163 communism 100–1 colonialism 172–3 consumer culture 100 comic books 141 Cultural Revolution 123 commodities 99 Index 183 common good 44 cultural artifacts vii–viii, 4 communication 122, 138, 172 cultural geography 12–13, 25 communications media 150 cultural history 16 communism 48, 100–1, 136–7 cultural imperialism 174–5 community 22, 23–4, 58, 153–4, 169 cultural production 3–7, 42 competition 45 Cultural Revolution 123 composers/patrons 1 cultural signs 83, 84, 100 conditioning 34–5 cultural studies ix, x, 92–3, 174 Condry, Ian 121 Cultural Studies: An Anthology confi dence 161–2 (Ryan) x conglomerates, media 144–5 culture vi–x consciousness 43, 52 beauty 163–4 conservatives body shape 163 and Big Business 16, 66 built environment 15 authoritarianism 46 class 71 Fairness Doctrine 10 clothing 83 fi lm industry 2 diversity 8, 43 gun culture 46–7 emotion 72 healthcare 164 ethnicity 71–2, 73, 75 in media 124 government policy 3–7 Palin 64–5 heteronormativity 36 political agenda of 42 landscape 12, 14–15 racist ideology 40, 41, 49, 71 national 4, 170 Reagan 49–50 perspectives of 14 rural 45–7 physical/ideational 1 taxation 48 popular 32, 117 consubstantiality 59, 60, 63, 66 representation 29, 75 consumer culture 34, 44, 62, 99–100 transnational 170 cool, as concept 97–8, 166 culture industries 1–2, 7, 42 Coppola, Francis: Apocalypse Now Curran, James 179 49–51 Cosplay 88 Daily Mail 156 costume: see clothing Daily News 156 country music 114 DAM 112–13 Cower, Tyler 11 dancing 77, 78 Crane, Diana 104, 179 dating, programs on 174, 175 Crazy-A 78 Davila, Arlene M. 82 creativity vii, viii–ix, 99, 171 Davis, Fred 104 critical thinking 42, 45 Dawes Act 87 cross-dressing 28 De Man, Paul 59 Crystal, David 82 De Stael, Madame 151 Crystal Mall, New London 24 Decker, James 52 184 Index

The Departed 178 El Salvador 49 deregulation of fi nancial markets 51 elections 53–4 Derrida, Jacques 59 Eling, Kim 11 Devereux, Eoin 135 elites 42, 46, 99, 170 Diana, Princess of Wales 151, 155 Elliot, Missy 111 differentiation/identifi cation 61, 75 Emerson, Lake, and Palmer 89 digital fi lm equipment 3 Eminem 77–8, 105, 117, 118, 119 Dikovitskaya, Margarita 148 Emo 89–91, 92, 93 Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge 177 emotion viii, 29–30, 72, 120, 148, discipline 45 154 disco 110 Enemy of the State 172 dishonor of family 29 English language 73 dissent 92–3 Eno, Brian 108 distractions 47 Ensemble, c’est tout 6–7 Dodge, Mabel 151 Entertainment Weekly 160 dominance equality 47–8 Anglo-Americans 75 see also inequality butch identity 28 ethnic groups 165 heterosexuality 27, 28–9, 35–7 body culture 161–2 narrative 139, 141 internal divisions 74–5 power 172 marginalization 114 WASPs 86–7 mobile signs 78–9 Dove campaign 102 music 77 dress code vii, viii, 94–5 New London 22–3 drugs viii, 22–3 pathology levels 73 Dylan, Bob 110 US schools 79 violence 72 Eastern Bloc 170–1 ethnicity 71–2, 73, 75–6, 81 Eastwood, Clint 141 European fi lms 5–6 economic liberalization 4–5 Europop 77 economic success 26, 33, 86, 156 evangelical Christianity 45, 46 economic downturn, in US 2, 48, 49 Evans, Caroline 104 see also Great Depression Ewick, Patricia 52 economics exceptionalism, cultural 4, 5, 6, 11 and consumer culture 99 exclusion 23, 72, 74 food 167 expatriate European fi lmmakers 6 and function 17 experience 65, 92, 107–8, 161–2 racialized 72 extralegal activity 51 editorial 133 Eyerman, Ron 52 educational achievement 73–4 egalitarianism 65, 114 Fab detergent advertisement 76 Egypt 175 fair trade 99 Eisenhart, Christopher 69 Fairness Doctrine 9–11 Index 185

Falling Down 73 gang culture 78, 80 family formation 34 gangstas 109 fantasy 100, 154, 155 ganguro style 78 fashion industry 97, 98, 99 gated communities 23 see also clothing gay men 28, 33, 36, 91, 110, 162 fatalism 45 Gelder, Ken 93 Federline, Kevin 158 gender Fein, Ellen 37 biological 26–7 femininity 31, 37, 115–16, 143–4 economic survival 33 feminism 143–4, 146–7 learned behavior 26, 27, 28 feudalism 44 performance 115–16 Fight Club 52, 62–4, 67, 147 power 27, 142 fi lm industry vii, viii, 2–3, 5–6, 8, sexuality 27, 39 146–7 stereotypes 144 see also Hollywood wealth accumulation 33, 34 fi nancial markets, deregulated 51 gender identity Firefl y 1 assertiveness 28 Fisher King myth 50 biology 26–7 Five Easy Pieces 2 clothing 37 Flashdance 78 conditioning 34–5 folk medicine 164 instability 31 food consumption 166–7 performance 35, 37, 115–16 Foote, Kenneth 25 gender politics 142 Forbes 95, 96 gender reassignment, surgical 28 foreign policy 50, 51 gender roles vi Forrest Gump 65 feminism 146–7 Foucault, Michel 59 Greece, ancient 16 Fox News 1, 10, 11, 68, 124, 132, 133, inverted 101, 120 134 learned/natural 37 France Palin 66 cultural identity 9 socialization 38 equality 47–8 genocide 72, 123 fi lm industry 4–5, 9 genre-blurring 111 indigenous cultural production 3–7 gentrifi cation 16, 24–5 population 7 Germany 46, 47, 67, 123 regional languages 13 gesture 122 socialism 48 Ghost Rider 7 Franks 13 girl groups 114 free market ideology 49 globalization 171, 172, 173, 176 free speech 11 Globe and Mail 130–1, 134 freedom 41, 44, 48–9, 175 The Godfather 2 Frith, Simon 121 gold jewelry 166 The Full Monty 107 Goldman, Emma 151 186 Index

Google 172, 175 high blood pressure 72 Goth 89 high culture 86 Goulart, Ron 149 high schools 79–80 governance 72 highway system 20–1 government policy 2, 3–7, 9 Hilfi ger brand 96, 97 see also foreign policy Hilmes, Su 159 government regulation 49 Hilton, Pars 151, 155 GQ 95 Hinduism 85, 177 greasers 96–7, 109, 152–3 hip hop 77–8, 96, 108, 109–10, Great Depression 86 112–13, 114 Greece, ancient 15–16, 109, 141 hippies 109 Greenblatt, Leah 159 Hispanics 40, 75, 76, 77, 111 Grossberg, Lawrence 106 Hitchcock, Alfred 6 group solidarity 96, 97 Hitler, Adolf 46 Guardian 134 Holland, Samantha 169 guerilla marketing 103 Hollywood 2, 11, 141, 142 Guilford 84–5 Holmes, Mary 39 gun ownership 46–7 Holocaust 72 Guns & Ammo 95 Homer 13, 150 Gurevitch, Michael 135 homophobia 36, 114 Gutenberg press 138 homosexuality 27, 28–9, 36 gypsy style 99 Hong Kong gangster fi lms 178 hoodies 166 Haarman, Louann 135 horror movies 29–30 Hamas 112, 128, 129–30, 131–2 hotrod cars 166 Hancock, Philip 169 housing 15–16, 17, 85 handbags 80, 99 Howells, Richard 149 hard-boiled detective genre 31 human rights abuses 49 Hargreaves, Jennifer 169 Hunt, James 93 Harold and Kumar Go to White Castle hybrid cars 166 73 hybridity, cultural 177–8 Harrison, Martin 135 Harry, Debbie 114 iconic heroes 139–40 Havranek, Carrie 121 ideas/rhetoric 53 Hawkes, David 52 ideational content 4 healthcare system 133, 164–5 identifi cation 59–61, 66, 72, 75, 152–3 Hebdige, Dick 93 identity height factors 162 clothing 37, 95 hero myths 139–40 cultural 4, 9, 43, 83, 84, 166 heteronormativity 28, 36 ethnicity 76 heterosexuality 27, 28–9, 35–7, 142 gender 26–8, 116 Hezbollah 131–2 Marine example 43 Index 187

music 108–9 queerscape 27 naming 64 truth-telling 57 physical 161–2 interpretation 14–15, 62 roles 94 intimacy 38, 139 social category 146 Iran 19, 172 subcultures 91 Iraq War 66 transnational 18 Ireland 33, 83–4, 87, 152, 168–9 ideology x, 40–1 Islamic Resistance Movement 112 cognition, mistaken 40, 42, 47 Israel 19, 112, 128–9, 130–1 consciousness 52 ITT Technical Schools critical thinking 42 advertisement 75–6 freedom 48 McCain 66 Jabalya school 128, 129–31 religion 45–7 Jackson, Janet 162–3 rhetoric 61 Jamaica 14 self-identity 43 James, Henry 3 television news 68 Japan illegal alien term 55 Cosplay 88 image 29, 123, 136–7, 161 hip hop 78 imagination 154 homosexuality 36 immigrants in media 42, 132 Korean minority 72–3, 87 In Touch Weekly 158 national culture 170 income differences 80, 95–6, 164 queerscape 27 independent sector 1–2, 3 Queerty website 35–6 India 170, 175–8 subcultures 93 Indiana Jones series 2 Jaws 141 individualism 40, 51, 58, 141 jazz 109 Indonesia 167, 170 Jean, Wyclef 114 industrial parks 16 Jerusalem 128 inequality Jesus Christ 46, 150 economic 47, 124–5, 156 Jewish people 72, 92, 123, 128, 171 globalization 171 jobs and height 162 social 41 Johnstone, Barbara 69 Infernal Affairs 178 Joker character (Batman) 3 information technology 56–7 Jolie, Angelina 150 institutions vii, 12, 13, 51, 72 Joplin, Janis 111, 114 International Monetary Fund 14 Jordan 168 Internet Jordan, Michael 100 communication 172 Jurassic Park 4, 5 information 56, 123 minority gender groups 35–6 Kawasaki, Ken-ichi 179 politics 11 Kawashima, Nobuko 179 188 Index

Keith, Toby 114 literacy 138–9 Kellner, Douglas 11 Livni, Tzipi 131 Kirino, Natsuo: Real World 34 local culture 22–3 kitsch 168 local merchants 20–2 Kodiak 102–3 location 12 Koreans in Japan 72–3, 87 Lohan, Lindsay 155 Kortaba, Joseph 121 Lombardo, Linda 135 Koyapu tribe 95 Longhurst, Brian 121 Kraidy, Marwan 179 Lopez, Jennifer 111 Krims, Adam 106 Love, Courtney 115 Kurds 171 lowest common denominator 1, 2 Kyoto 174 lying 57 lyrics 106, 115 L Report 97–8 labor markets 41 Mac computers 166 labor unions 48 McCaffrey, Paul 159 Lacey, Nick 135 McCain, John 53–4, 56, 64, 67 Lady Gaga 174 McGee, Michael 59 LaHave, Timothy: Left Behind novels machismo 75 45–7 McKerrow, Raymond 59 Lancaster, Roger 39 McMillin, Divya 179 landscape 12, 14–15, 16–17, 19, 23, 25 Madison 84–6 Lang, Fritz 6 Madonna 105, 115, 116, 150, 151 language 55, 57–8, 59, 105 magazines 26, 95–6, 151–2 Latin Americans 7, 75, 79, 81, 171, mainstream 1–2, 40 172–3 male anxiety 30 learned behavior 26, 27, 28 male–male friendship 178 Led Zeppelin 89 malls 15, 24 Lee, Stacy 82 Manson, Marilyn 110 Left Behind novels (LaHave) 45–7 Mao Tse-Tung 122–3 left-wing perspective 10 marginalized people 114 Legally Blonde 65 Marine example 43 Lennon, John 154 marketing 151–2 Leonardo, Micaela di 39 Marley & Me 156 lesbianism 28, 34, 35, 36, 91 marriage Levy, Mark 135 arranged 175, 176–8 liberalism 44, 46, 72 for love 177, 178 liberalization 4, 7 programs about 174 light 167–8 state-sanctioned 139 Likud party 131 statistics 33 Linkin Park 111 Marris, Paul 135 listening skills 138 Marshall, P. David 159 Index 189 martial courage 13 mobile technologies 172 masculinity 31–2, 33, 37, 38, 142 modernism 17 Mason, John 19–20, 23 modernity 174, 176 Mason’s Island 23 mods and rockers 111 Massachusetts Governor’s Mohammed of Medina 150 Commission on Gay and Lesbian La Mome 6 Youth 39 monoculture 4, 8 Massachusetts schools 36 monster movies 30–1 The Matrix 3 monuments 166 Mean Girls 37 Moody Blues 89 meaning 14–15, 19, 60 Moore, Mandy 116 media moral judgment 155–6 celebrity 150–2, 155–6 moral relativism 58 communication 122 Morissette, Alanis 115 conglomerates 144–5 mothering 30–1, 158 conservatism 124 mothers of disappeared 123 deregulated 175–6 Motor Trend 95 educational 123–4 Mr. Smith Goes to Washington 65 on Soviet Union 136–7 MSNBC 68 ownership 43 MTV 89 presuppositions 125 Mulvey, Laura 142 realism 105 Murdoch, Rupert 10, 124, 132, 156 reality 123–4 Murphy, Patrick 179 rhetoric 123–4 music viii rumor 56 Black 77–8, 110, 117 sensationalism 56–7 body 105–6, 120 sense-making 105 egalitarianism 114 social perceptions 47–8 fi lms vii spectatorship 141–2 genre-blurring 111 Meining, D. W. 25 identity 108–9 memorizing 138 innovation 116–17 Mexico 164 lyrics 106, 115 Meyer, Elizabeth 39 misappropriated 111 M.I.A. 111 non-Western 112 Microsoft 175 outsiders 114 Middle East in media 128 passion 109–10 migratory communities 12, 13 pleasure 107, 108 Miller Beer 76 sensual appreciation 105, 109, Miramax 2 120 misappropriation of music 111 sexism 114 Mission Impossible 8 social movements 106–7 Mitchell, Don 25 subliminal 108 190 Index music (cont’d) CNN on 132–3 subversion 109 Democratic National symbolic space 113–14 Convention 68 transcendence 105 likely supporters 83 music downloads 110–11 Palin on 67 musicians/sexuality 116 rhetoric 53 My Lai 50–1 rumor 42, 56 Mystic, Connecticut 19–22, 24 obedience 44 Mystic Coast and Country 21–2 objectifi cation of women 142 mythology 141 obsession 154 Occitan 13 name-checking in songs 113–14 offi ce buildings 17 naming/identity 64 Ogbar, Jeffrey 121 narrative 125, 136–7, 139, 141, 146, oil 19 148 Old Salem 20 NASCAR 166 Olde Mysticke Village 20 national culture 4, 170 Olmert, Ehud 131 national parks 19 onion farmers 14 Native Americans 19, 20, 22–3, 87–8, oral culture 13, 71, 138–9 170, 171 orators 122 nativism 80 see also rhetoric Nazi movement 46, 68, 154 Outfoxed 134 Neiman-Marcus 98 outsiders 114 New London 22–3, 24 see also marginalized people New York Times 126–30 Ovid 151 Newark high schools 79–80 The Newlywed Game 177 Pacifi c Islands 171 news reporting 57, 126–8, 132, 133 Palestine 19, 112–13, 126–32, 171 newspapers, cross-country Palin, Sarah 64–8, 83 comparisons 126–30 Paris Is Burning 37 Nicaragua 49 Park, Myung-Jin 179 Nike 100 Parker, Richard 39 non-conformity 63 passion 109–10 normativity vii–ix, 33, 59–60, 125 passivity 27 see also heteronormativity Pater, Walter 92 North American Free Trade patriarchy 12, 44, 142 Agreement 172 patrons/composers 1 North Stonington 24 People 158 Norton, William 25 Pequots 19–20, 23, 24 novels, fi lm adaptations 3 performance/gender 35, 37 Obama, Barack performative acts 60 and McCain 64 Perry, Kate 120 Index 191 personal/political 107 presuppositions 125, 128 perspective 126–7 prettyboring.com 159 persuasion 59, 60 Production Code 2 Philadelphia 16, 24–5, 124–5 profi t 2, 3, 108 photography 142–3 pro-gun ideology 46–7 Pirates of the Caribbean 8 propaganda 47, 123 Pitt, Brad 150 property ownership 85–6 Plato 57–8, 62, 109 proscription, Roman 122 Plaza de Mayo mothers 123 Protagoras 57, 58 political parties 56 Protestantism 20, 80, 85 politicians 53–4, 65–7 Proust, Marcel 165 politics, grassroots 59 public discourse 62 Pop, Iggy 111 Public Enemy 110 popular music: see music public interest 9, 11 Porter, Robert 52 public representation 29, 94 Portuguese, as concept 79, 80 public space 29 Portuguese fi shermen 22 public speaking 58–9 post-colonialism 171, 173–4 public transport 16 post-feminist world 32 Puerta Ricans 79, 80 Il Postino (The Postman) 3 Pulp Fiction 2–3 postmodern architecture 17–18 punk style ix, 88–9, 99 Potvin, John 104 Putz, Matthew 149 poverty Asian Americans 74 al-Qaeda 19 Blacks 49 quality 8 exploited 41 Quartier Mozart 32 local culture 14, 22–3 Queen 89 Philadelphia 124–5 queerscape 27 poverty alleviation 86 Queerty website 35–6 power confi dence 161–2 race books 173 dominance 172 racial prejudice 56 gender 27, 142 racism 40, 71, 74, 119 landscape 23 radicalism, Ireland 87 language 59 radio 3, 77, 123, 175 rhetoric 61–2 Rage against the Machine 111 predation, mutual 45 rags-to-riches theme 65 preppies 96–7 The Ramayana 175 Prescribe the Nation campaign 102–3 Rambo 14 presidential elections 42 Ramsey, Charles 125 Presley, Elvis 97, 110, 117, 152–3 rank 95–6 Preston, Paschal 135 rap artists 78 192 Index rationality 17, 56, 148 right-wing ideology 40, 47, 124 Ray, Satyajit: Apu Trilogy 2 rock music 77, 109, 110, 114–15 Reagan, Ronald 49–50, 52n1 Rock Steady Crew 78 Real World (Kirino) 34 Rocky 65 realism 105, 171 Rojek, Chris 159 reality 42, 55, 123–4, 142–3 role models 107 Rear Window 142 roles/identity 94 Reason Magazine 11 Rolling Stone 115 Rebel without a Cause 97 Roma 171 rebellion 88 Roman Catholicism 22 recitation 138 Romans 122, 128 Redhead, Steve 93 see also rhetoric Redmond, Sean 159 Rome 12 Reinhardt, Django 77 Rose, Tricia 121 religion 13, 17, 45–7, 54–5, 165, The Rules: Time-Tested Secrets 37 168–9 rumor 56–7 Remembrance of Things Past (Proust) Russell, Eric Frank 93 165 Rwanda 123 Renoir, Jean 6 Ryan, Michael x, 11 reportage 56–7 see also news reporting sampling 77, 111 respect for authority 13 San Francisco 170 rhetoric sarong 167 action 53, 54 Saudi Arabia vi Cicero 122 Schneider, Sherrie 37 collective action 61 Schrag, Peter 93 debased 57 Schwarzmantel, J. 52 Fight Club 62–4 science/truth 54 ideas 53 seaport museum 21 ideology 61 SeekingArrangement website 156 media 123–4 self-development 30–1 persuasion 59, 60 self-empowermen 155 power 61–2 self-harming 90 public speaking 58–9 self-help dating manual 37 society 58 self-identity 43, 52, 63, 98 truth-telling 54–5, 57 self-interest 44, 58, 99, 171 uses 53–4 self-referentiality 105 rhetoricians, European/American 59 self-restraint 13 rhythm and blues 77 Sembene, Ousemane: Black Girl 173–4 Ricardo, David 4 Senegalese fi lm 173 Richards, Jennifer 69 sensationalism 56–7 Riding, Alan 11 sense-making 105, 144 Index 193 senses 105, 109, 165 social networks 103, 138, 165, 172 settled communities 12 social realism 171 sex, lies, and videotape 2 social welfare countries 164–5 Sex and the City 32–4, 36, 37–8, socialism 42, 43, 48 143–4, 145 socialization 38 Sex Pistols 89 society 44, 58 sexism 114 Socrates 150 sexual harassment 39, 101 Sony guerilla marketing 103 sexual minorities 35–6, 171 Sony Pictures Classic 3 sexuality Sophists 57–8, 62 desire 29, 139, 156 Soviet Union 136–7 emotion 120 see also Eastern Bloc experience 107 space 113–14, 167–8 female 30, 33, 116 Spain 5 gender 27, 39 Spanish language 76 women rock musicians 114–15 Spears, Britney 107, 115–16, 155, Shakespeare, William 137 156–8 Shakespeare in Love 3 Spears, Lynne 157–8 Shakira 111 speech 13, 122 Shakur, Tupac 107, 150 Spiderman 140–1 Shank, Barry 121 Spielberg, Steven: Jurassic Park 4, 5 Sharon, Ariel 131 Spin 151 Sheumaker, Helen 169 Springsteen, Bruce 108 Shim, Doobo 82 standardization 1, 2 shopping 15, 26, 98–9 Star Wars fi lms 2 ShowBizSpy 156, 159 Stefani, Gwen 115 Shuker, Roy 121 stereotypes sight 105 Asian Americans 73–4 signs/meanings 14–15 Blacks 74 The Silence of the Lambs 141, 147–8 cultural 2 The Simple Life 151 ethnicity 81 Simpson, Jessica 116 gender 144 siren (privacy) 101 inverted 101 skin color 72, 78, 162 racial 2 Skynyrd, Lynyrd 118 White trash 117–18 slavery 99 Whites 81 smell 105, 165 Stevens, Carolyn 121 Smith, Craig 69 stigma 28, 76 Smith, Marquard 148 stoners 109 Smith, Patti 114 Stonington Borough 22 Sobule, Jill 120 storytelling 146 social movements 106–7 see also narrative 194 Index

Stuff White People Like blog 81 towns, culture of 84–5 subcultures vii, 87–8, 91, 92–3 Toynbee, Jason 121 subordination ix, 72, 74 transcendence 100, 105 subversion 109 transnationalism 18, 170, 171, 174, success in life 71, 139 178 Sugar Daddies 26 transsexualism 28 suicide 36 transvestism 28, 35 Sundance Film Festival 2 tribal alliances 12, 72 superhighway system 16 truth 54–5, 57 swallowing therapy 164 Turkish nationalists 72 “Sweet Home Alabama” 118–19 swine fl u 164 underground music 89 symmetry 26 undocumented worker term 55 United Nations 45, 46, 128 Taiwan 175 United States of America Taliban 126, 136 English language 73 Tarantino, Quentin 178 fi lms 5–6, 7, 8 tariffs, international 172 imperialism 19 taste, aesthetic 98, 105, 153, 171 military power 2, 19 taste, sense of 165 newspaper reports 126–30 Tate, Greg 117 population 7 tattooing ix, 166 tax cuts 66, 67 V for Vendetta 3 taxation 5, 48, 86 Valentino, Rudolph 151 Taxi 4 6–7 value 8, 13 telephone lines 9 value judgments 157, 158–9 television viii, 1, 59, 177 Vanilla Ice 117 television news 10–11, 68 Vaseline 102–3 terminology 55 Vatican 166 terrorism 19, 42, 64, 127 Vertinsky, Patricia 169 Thelma and Louise 147 victim-blaming 74 Thin Man 86 Vietnam War 51 third countries’ fi lms 7 villages, relocated 20 Thornham, Sue 135 violence 72, 109–10, 141 Timberlake, Justin 105, 116, 150 visual culture 100, 136–9, 143–4, 145, Tolson, Andrew 135 147–8, 156 Tonga interpretation 14 voyeurism 35, 142 tool-making 165–6 Top Gun 2 Wachtel, David 11 torture 50, 51 wage labor 99 touch 105 Wajda, Shirley Teresa 169 tourism 19, 20–2 wall posters 122–3 Index 195

Wall Street Journal 124 consumerism 34 Wallace, George 119 dishonor of family 29 Walmart 98 economic power 33–4 war crimes 129–30 fi lm images 146–7 Warner Independent 3 in ancient Greece 15–16 WASPs 85–8 objectifi cation 142 Wayne, John 141 single 33 wealth accumulation 33, 34, 48–9, 66, skin color 162 98–9 Woodward, Ian 169 wealth distribution 136–7 words 54, 57–8, 123, 125, 127–8 weekenders 22 see also language West, Kanye 107 working class 45 Whedon, Joss 1 world music 111–12 “White trash” 116, 117–18, 157–8 World Trade Center attack 19, 166 Whites 77, 80, 81, 96, 109, 118–19 Wright, Bradford 149 Wild Side 78 writing 13 Wilson, Owen 156 Windows 166 X-Men 140–1 Winslet, Kate 151 Wisconsin 83 women viii–ix Yahoo 172 African gender roles 32 Yellowstone River Valley 19 as rock musicians 114–15 Young, Neil 118 as scientists 162 young people: see adolescence categories of 145–6 youth community 79–80, 88