Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254, DktEntry: 22-6, Page 1 of 63

No. 20-17132

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MANUFACTURERS, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees,

v.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, et al., Defendants-Appellants.

ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA No. 4:20-cv-4887-JSW The Hon. James S. White

DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS’ EXCERPTS OF RECORD Volume 6 of 6 ER 958–1018

JEFFREY BOSSERT CLARK JOSHUA S. PRESS Acting Assistant Attorney General Trial Attorney WILLIAM C. PEACHEY United States Department of Justice Civil Division, Director Office of Immigration Litigation MATTHEW J. GLOVER District Court Section Senior Counsel to the Assistant P.O. Box 868, Ben Franklin Station Attorney General Washington, DC 20044 GLENN M. GIRDHARRY Phone: (202) 305-0106 Assistant Director Fax: (202) 305-7000 e-Mail: [email protected] AARON S. GOLDSMITH Senior Litigation Counsel Attorneys for Defendants-Appellants Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254, DktEntry: 22-6, Page 2 of 63

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ECF DATE DESCRIPTION PAGES No. 1 07/21/2020 Complaint ER 0958

11/13/2020 District Court Docket Sheet ER 1001

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[Additional CounselListedonSi Attorneys for (650) 815-7400 Menlo Park,CA94025 275 Middlefield Road,Suite 100 [email protected] William G.Gaede,III (136184) WILL &EMERYLLP MCDERMOTT (202) 756-8000 Washington, DC20001 500 NorthCapitolStreetNW [email protected] Michael B.Kimberly ( [email protected] Paul W. Hughes( WILL &EMERYLLP MCDERMOTT of State, hisofficial POMPEO, in Homeland Security;and,MICHAELR. in hisofficialcapacityasActingSecretaryof OF STATE;CHADF.WOLF, UNITED STATESDEPARTMENT SECURITY, OF HOMELAND UNITED STATESDEPARTMENT v. INC., TECHNET,andINTRAX, FEDERATION, NATIONALRETAIL OF AMERICA, COMMERCE OFTHEUNITEDSTATES OF CHAMBER MANUFACTURERS, NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONOF Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page3of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Pageof43 Plaintiffs IN AND FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA OFCALIFORNIA THENORTHERNDISTRICT IN ANDFOR Pro HacVicetobe filed Defendants. Plaintiffs, Pro HacVicetobefiled IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT COURT DISTRICT IN THEUNITEDSTATES capacityasSecretary SAN FRANCISCO DIVISION DIVISION SAN FRANCISCO g nature Pa ER 0958 ) g e] )

RELIEF AND INJUNCTIVE FORDECLARATORY COMPLAINT Case No.

C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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creating substantialnew businesse advancing toleadershippositionsintheircomp enriched their broader communities. individuals’ talents, experience, and special left theirhomes, accepting aninvitation to past century,theUnitedStates manufacturers thrivebyadvancin producers, and life; andthey drivethefinancial markets, secu benefits: Innovativecompaniescreatehigh-paying infrastructure, goods,andknowhow totheglobalmarketplace. America asawhole reapsthe services, American businessesstandattheva innovation istheengine of thissuccess. to barhundredsofthousandsworkersfrom en Proclamation—which willlast atleast sixmonths, to theCOVID-19pandemic. 85Fed.Reg.38263(J inseveralkeynon the UnitedStatesofworkers bring thiscomplaintrequesting, federal departments andofficialsinvolvedmay not unlawful: Itexceedsthe statutory andconstituti harm onawiderangeofAmerican businessesacr Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page4of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page2of43 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Some oftheseindividual American innovationrestsonhavingthebest Today, innovationpermeates every sector The UnitedStateseconomy haslongbeen Presidential Proclamation 10052,issued hasbenefitedimmenselyfromc among otherthings,prompt inj s—indeed, 101oftheFortune ER INTRODUCTION 0959 s latermake America theirpermanent home, often By developinggroundbreaking newproductsand skills havepropelledth - 1 ring theretirements of millions of Americans. immigrant visacategories,purportedlyinresponse travel toAmerica for temporary work.These g theiroperationswith novelimprovements. tering thecountry—isinf anies. Some become entrepreneurs themselves, nguard of virtuallyev onal authority oftheEx oss alleconomic sectors.TheProclamation is if notlonger, andwhichisexpressly intended jobs; theyimprove thequalityofeveryday une 25,2020)(attachedasExhibitA).The lawfully implement orenforce it.Plaintiffs on June22,2020,bannedtheentryinto of theeconomy. Retail theenvyofworld,andAmerican andbrightestworkinghere.Overthe unctive anddeclaratoryrelief. C ourageous individualswhohave 500 companieswerefounded by OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR eir employers’growth—and ery industry,supplying licting severeeconomic ecutive, andthusthe I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY ers, agricultural R ELIEF

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executive may not takeactionsthat provisions. statutory powers underSection212(f)arebroa enacted withrespecttohigh-skilledandtempor than500,000individualsthisyearalone. by banningentryofmore workspace forAmericans”—that is, tosubstantially issuing theProclamation, administra § 212(f)), theProclamation effectiv requirements, andrestrictionsonthe of tools,includingannualcaps accounted foreconomic conditionsanddomestic labor domestic labor market. not alwaysspreadevenly,anditbalanced thevisa country andworkhere.Indoingso,Congresswas immigrants. 1 Congress haslongestablishedce embraced skilledimmigration programs: Theyad Nation’s economic pie,benefiting employment ofAmerican citiz economic leadership. Roots, NewAmerican Economy (July22,2019), perma.cc/MS5P-SV23.

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page5of63 See Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page3of43 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. New American Fortune500in2019:TopAm erican Companiesand Their Immigrant 1 Yet othersgoontoworkforAmerican No matter thereachofPresident’sdiscretionarypower, moreover, the In thisway,theProclamation takesa Putatively invokingpresidentialauthority Accordingly, whilecreatingcertaintem Recognizing thebenefitsthattemporar Attracting thesehigh-skilled individuals ens. Asstudyafter studyhasshown,immigrationexpandsour on thenumbers of certain visas available, labor certification rtain visacategoriestoallow arefaciallyarbitraryor that ER ely repealsentirevisacategor domestic workers. Thatisw duration ofnonimmigrant visas. d, theydonotauthorizethePres tion officialsnotedthatitspur 0960 - 2 vantage allparticipants intheeconomy. ary workerimmigration. While the President’s well awarethatAmerican economicgrowthis categories withcalibrated protections for the alterthebehaviorof companies abroad,expandingtheNation’s markets. Congress did porary workervisacategories,Congress sledgehammer tothestatutesCongress y workersbringtotheUnitedStates, bestowedby8U.S.C. § 1182(f) (INA toAmerica is net-positive for the C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR lack arational connection to the hy theUnitedStates haslong these individualstoenterthe ies fortemporary workers.In ident tonullifydulyenacted pose isto“clear outthis domestic employers— so through avariety I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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that theunemployment rateincomputer-related critical, anddemand forlaborhasremained extr the economy—includingcommuni rational relationship testing ourNation’sresilience. Butthepolicy flunks thesebasicrequirements. central facetsoftheproblem athandandaddr problem identified.And,whenacting,thedepartment unexplained actionofbanning theentryofindividualsfrom theUnitedStateswhocannot work. 3 Occupations (June2020),perma.cc/F9K6-ST3D. 2 Proclamation stuntstheabilityof businesses toid operations, developnewproducts, expertise outside theUnited States intodomestic roles,wheretheywouldotherwisehelpexpand swift andsevereharms. Companies areunableto rational responsetoanunemployment problem. demand productsandservicesproducedbyAmerican businessesandAmerican workers,isnota in theUnitedStates.Banningentryofi work intheUnitedStates, including children and individuals from enteringtheUn retain individuals working inthese fields, of thevisa categories impacted,H-1B,isused possibility ofadisc Department assertsthatdependents “may bepr Nat’lFoundationforAmerican Policy, Perhapsrecognizingtheirrationality ofth Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page6of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page4of43 13. 12. 15. 14. The pandemichasnotimpactedallsectors There isnodoubtthattheCOVID-19pa Denying American businessesaccess tointernational labor markets is inflicting What ismore, theProclamation onitsface to thisproblem. retionary waiverdoes not remedy ited Statesisthus notaremedy to current unemployment levels. ER cation technologyandhealthcare—haveneverbeenmore and contributetothehiringofdomestic workers. The 0961 Updated AnalysisofEmploy ndividuals whocannotwor - 3 3 and incomputer-relatedroles.Banningthese established bytheProclamation doesnotbeara predominantly byemployers seekingtohireand occupationshasremained historicallylow.

emely high.Federalstatisticsshow,forexample, is ban,arecentcommunication bytheState ess crucialfactualevidence.TheProclamation certain spouses oftemporaryworkers currently move whohavedevelopedspecial employees ovided” discretionary waivers.Butthemere entify thebesttalent for aposition; indeed,it s and their officialsmusts andtheir takeintoaccount ndemic hascausedaneconomic crisis, of theeconomy equally.Some areasof bans individuals whoareineligibleto the Proclamation’s irrational and C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ment DataforComputer k, butneverthelesswill I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF 2 One

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headquartered inWashington, D.C. create jobsacrossth leading advocateforapolicyagendathathelps development intheNation.TheNAMis impact ofanymajor sector,andaccountsfornearly women, contributes roughly $2.17trilliontothe every industrial sector andinall50states.Ma manufacturing associationintheUnited States, foreign nations. consequences: Notonlydoesits their homegrown businesses.Shutting thedoor and, takingapagefromourplaybook,theydosobys That isnolongertrue.Countries market fortalent. For decades, American economi businesses of thetalent theyneed,butithas enjoined. Some companies will gooutofbusinessasa because operationsthatdependontemporary worker Proclamation. Companies havebeenfo well asmany members ofthe Plaintiffassociati mightily onworkersin coveredvisa categories. Thesecompanies (including plaintiff Intrax,as create jobs. causes many important positionstogounfilled enti

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page7of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page5of43 18. 17. 16. Plaintiff National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)isthe largest Not onlydoesdenying accesstononimmigrant workers depriveAmerican Some companies—especially smallandmedium-size companies—depend e UnitedStates.The NAM isa acrosstheglobevietocha tifle American businesses, but ER rced tofurloughorlayoffnumerous 0962 PARTIES PARTIES - 4 nufacturing employs more than12million men and far-reaching repercussions intoday’s competitive manufacturers compete intheglobaleconomy and voice ofthemanufacturing community andthe U.S. economyannually,hasthelargesteconomic ons) aresufferingsignificantly asaresultofthe result oftheProclamation, unlessitisswiftly representing small andlargemanufacturers in c leadership facedlittleexternal competition. three-quartersofprivat to leadingtalent has directeconomic s from abroadhave beenwhollysuspended. rely, stallingprojects eeking toattractthewo llenge America’seconomic might— 501(c)(6) nonprofitorganization C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR it workstotheadvantageof that wouldotherwise e-sector researchand I D NJUNCTIVE rld’s besttalentto domestic workers ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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Proclamation’s directivebarringla implementation. TheDepartment ofHomeland S Proclamation chargestheDepartment ofHome department withsubstantialresponsibility principal placeofbusinessinSanFrancisco,California. States onJ-1visas.Intr multiple Department of State-designated exchange headquartered inWashington, D.C. energy, cybersecurity,venturecapital,andfina the fieldsofinformation technology,e-commer companies ontheplanet, andrepresentsover th membership includesdynamic Americancompanie advocating atargeted policy agenda atthe fe in Washington, D.C. States andmorethan45count Street merchants, grocers,wholesalers,chain re association, representing U.S. Chamber isa501(c)(6)nonprofitorgani organizations ofeverysize,in indirectly represents theinterests of more than3million companiesand professional is theworld's largestbusinessfederation.Itrepresents approximately 300,000directmembers and technology CEOsandseniorex Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page8of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page6of43 23. 22. 21. 20. 19. Defendant UnitedStatesDepartment of Plaintiff Intrax,Inc.(Intrax) isapremie Plaintiff TechnologyNetwork(TechNet)is Plaintiff National Retail Federation (NRF)is theworld’s largest retail trade Plaintiff Chamber ofCommerce oftheUn ax isincorporated discountanddepartment stores,ho ries. TheNRFisa501(c)(6)nonpr every industrysector, ecutives thatpromotesthegr rge categoriesofindividuals from enteringtheUnitedStates. ER 0963 underthelawsofStat zation headquarteredinWashington, D.C. - 5 for immigration policyandenforcement. The nce. TechNetisa501(c)(6)nonprofitorganization ree million employeesandcountlesscustomers in staurants, and internet retailers from theUnited ce, thesharingandgigeconomies, advanced programs thatbring participants totheUnited deral and50-statelevel.TechNet's diverse land Securitywithcertainaspectsofits s rangingfromstartupstothemosticonic ecurity isintegralto execution ofthe and from everyregionofthe country. The r culturalexchangecompany thatoperates ited StatesofAmerica (U.S.Chamber) Homeland Securityisthe federal me goodsandspecialtystores,Main the national,bipartisannetworkof owth oftheinnovationeconomy by C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ofit organizationheadquartered e of California and has its e ofCaliforniaandhasits I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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concurring) (citing,among others, based onplaintiffIntrax’s resi action. maintains itsprincipalplaceofbusinessinthis di under theConstitution andlawsoftheUnitedStates. (1952)). President’s directive.” can ordinarilybeobtainedinasuitseekingto officers inexcessoftheirlawful II, andtheFifthAmendment, andthis Act, 8U.S.C.§§1101 et seq.,the in hisofficialcapacity. Security. Heissuedinhis officialcapacity. individuals from enteringtheUnitedStates. State is integralto execution of theProcla charges theDepartment ofState with conductingforeignrelations,includingbyissuingvisastononcitizens.TheProclamation

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page9of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page7of43 31. 30. 29. 28. 27. 26. 25. 24.

Declaratory Judgment Act,28U.S.C.§§ Assignment tothe SanFranciscodivisionof Venue isproperinthisdistrictunder28 The court’sjurisdictionisinvokedunder28 It iswithin thisCourt’s inherent equitable power toenjoin actionsby federal Plaintiffs bringthissuitundertheAdmini Defendant MichaelR.Pompeo istheUnited Defendant ChadF.Wolf istheActing Defendant UnitedStatesDepartment ofSt et seq Franklin v.Massachusetts ., theU.S.Constitution,in INTRADISTRICT ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT INTRADISTRICT dence intheCityandCounty of JURISDICTION AND VENUE ANDVENUE JURISDICTION authority. Indeed,“[r]ev with certainaspectsofitsim ER Youngstown Sheet&TubeCo.v.Sawyer Court’sinherentequitablepower. 0964 - 6 mation’s directivebarringlargecategoriesof enjointheofficers whoattempt toenforce the strict, and norealpropertyisinvolved inthis , 505U.S.788,828(1992)(Scalia,J., 2201-2202, theImmigration andNationality cluding butnotlimited U.S.C. § 1391(e) because plaintiff Intrax strative ProcedureAct,5U.S.C.§§551 iew of thelegalityof Presidentialaction United StatesSecretary ofHomeland ate isthefederaldepartment charged this Courtisproperbecause venueis States Secretaryof U.S.C. § 1331, asthiscasearises C plementation. TheDepartment of OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR SanFrancisco. As to Intrax,a I to ArticleI, D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY State. Heissued , 343U.S.579 R ELIEF

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years. to thecountryviaanL-1A visamay workin the UnitedStatesforamaximum durationof seven to three years, whichmay betwicerenewed intwo-yearincrements. Thus,anindividual admitted or an“executive”function. nonimmigrant visas). business—are occurringintheCity substantial partof theevents giving rise tothis 5 which each category is defined. 4 of American enterprisethroughouttheworldandto Congress recognizedthat“intracompany transfers have contributedimmeas involves specializedknowledge.” employer or asubsidiary oraffiliate thereof in acapacity that ismanagerial, executive, or enter theUnited States temporarily inorder to “has beenemployedcontinuouslyforoneyearby residents oftheUnitedStates. are distinct from immigrant visas, whicharei States temporarily andfor aspecificpurpose. provides forvariouscategoriesofnonimmigrant vi into theUnitedStates. Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page10of63 H.R. Rep.91-851,at5-6 (1970). Thevisacategoriesaredesignatedaccording Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page8of43 36. 35. 34. 33. 32. A.

An L-1Avisaprovidesanindividualadu L-1A visasareprovided totransferexis The L-1visaisusedforintracompany tran 1. At issuehereareseveral andNationalityThe Immigration Act (I V ISA

C ATEGORIES L VisaCategory See generally

8 U.S.C.§ When1101(a)(15)(L). LEGAL BACKGROUND LEGAL BACKGROUND andCountyofSanFrancisco. ER See 8 U.S.C.§§1101 nonimmigrant visacategories. nonimmigrant 0965 8 C.F.R.§ 214.1(a)(2) (tableofdesignationsfor - 7 lawsuit—including theimmediate harmtoIntrax’s See id. ssued tothose intending tobecome permanent to thesubsectionof8 sas fornoncitizensplanningtoentertheUnited continue torenderhis theinternationaltrade a firm orcorporation.and who seeksto §§ 1101(a)(15), 1184.Nonimmigrant visas ting employeesperforming a“managerial” NA) governstheadmission ofnoncitizens ration of stayin the United States of up et seq.Among otherthings,theINA sfers. Itisissued C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR itcreatedtheLvisain1970, 4

U.S.C. § 1101(a)(15) in of theUnitedStates.” services tothesame toanoncitizenwho urably tothegrowth I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF 5

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to theDepartment ofLaborrega specialty (oritsequivalent).” highly specializedknowledge,and. . . attainment of “specialty occupation”isonethatrequires“the knowledge.” Perstatute,“analien 6 States toperformservices.inaspecial specialty fields.Thisvisais supervises theindividual. circumstances, barringlabor-for employer otherthanthe petitioningemployer oritsaffiliate, subsidiary, or parent”onlyincertain particular, itprovidedthatanL-1Bindividualmay be“stationedprimarily attheworksiteofan category viatheL-1VisaReformActof2004.118Stat.2809,3351-53§§411-417.In accompanying him orfollowingtojoin him.” 8U.S.C.§1101(a)(15)(L). of fiveyears. admitted to thecountry viaan L-1B visa may wo to threeyears,whichmay berenewedonceforan processes andproceduresofthecompany.”8U.S.C.§1184(c)(2)(B). product anditsapplicationininte knowledge withrespecttoacompany ifthe Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page11of63 The visacategoryisalso available forfashionmodels. Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page9of43 42. 37. 41. 40. 39. 38. Before hiringanH-1Bnonimmigrant, aco L-1B visasareprovidedtotransfer The H-1Bvisaisissued tohighly skilled 2. In 2004,Congressspecificallyaddressedappr L-2 visasareissuedto“the providesanindividualadurat An L-1Bvisa

H VisaCategory available toanoncitizen“whois Id. §1184(i)(1). rding prevailinglaborconditions. -hire arrangementsandcircumstances inwhichathirdparty is consideredtobeservingin rnational markets orhasanadvancedlevel ofknowledge ER 0966 alienspouseandminor childrenofanysuchalienif ty occupation.”8U.S.C.§ 1101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b). - 8 alien hasaspecialknow oretical andpracticalapplicationofabody rk in the United Statesfor amaximum duration additional two-yearperiod.Thus,anindividual a bachelor’sorhigher existing employees with“specialized workers with expertise inone ormore mpany must make variouscertifications ion ofstayintheUnitedStatesup opriate limitations ontheL-1visa coming temporarily C acapacityinvolvingspecialized OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR See 8 U.S.C.§ 1182(n)(1)(A)- ledge ofthecompany degree inthespecific I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY to theUnited R ELIEF 6 A

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accompanying . or followingtojoin” theprim noncitizen describedby oneoftheotherH vi C.F.R. §214.1(a)(2).Most individualswhoenter certification). United Statesworkers.”);20C.F.R.§§655.1-655.73 (p employment willnotadverselyaffectwages of Laborstating thatqualified workers inthe Un States .shallbeaccompanied byanapproved temporary laborcertificationfrom Secretary the also needed] serviceorlaborcannotbefoundinth temporaryStates toperform [non-agricultural] se than those that arecap-exempt). available toindividuals with an nonimmigrant statusisstrictlylimited to65,000pe application. 8U.S.C.§1182(n)(1)(E),(n)(1)(G),(n)(3)(A); and willnotdisplaceaU.S.workerwithin the company hastried andfailed tofill the pos those withalarge percentageofworkers alread monetary finesandbansonfurthervisa certain formsofnoticeregardingtheposition.Th that the position willnot adversely impact othe (D). Anemployermust attest,among otherthings

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page12of63 8 C.F.R.§214.2(h)(6)(iv)(A)(“AnH-2Bpetiti Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page10of43 48. 47. 46. 45. 44. 43.

The H-4visaisavailableto“thea H-2B visasarelimited to66,000peryear. This visamaybeissuedonly“ifunempl The H-2Bvisaisissuedtoanoncitizen The maximum number ofnewindivi A subsetof employers—those withahistory advanced degreefrom U.S.highereducationinstitution(other a ER applications. 8U.S.C.§1182(n)(2)(C). 0967 - 9 the 180-dayperiodsurrounding thedateof is country.”8U.S.C. ition withadomestic worker,and thatithas not and workingconditionsofsimilarly employed see ary visa-holder.8U.S.C. §1101(a)(15)(H);see y onH-1Bvisas—must a rvice orlabor.”8U.S.C. r workers,andthattheemployer hasprovided ited States arenot available andthat the alien’s ese certificationrequire r year,withanadditional20,000visasperyear , thatthepositionis the UnitedStatespursuant toanH-4visaare sa categories(suchas on fortemporary employment intheUnited lien spouseandminor children”ofany “who is coming temporarily totheUnited “whoiscoming temporarily rocedures forDepartment ofLabor’slabor oyed personscapableofperforming [the

duals whomay beprovidedH-1B see also of willful certification violations, and C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR 20 C.F.R.§655.736. § 1101(a)(15)(H)(ii)(b); paying prevailingwages, §1101(a)(15)(H)(ii)(b). ments arebackedupby dditionally certifythat H-1BorH-2B)“if I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF see

8

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American workers.” competitive globaleconomy withoutadversely impac overall strategythatpromotesthecreationof passage wasbasedontheconvictio for bothU.S.andalienworkers.” experiencing laborshortages,whileatthesame time providinggr seeks tomake theimmigration system more effi cannot befoundandtheneedforotherworkerstomeet specific labor shortages.” specially trainedpersonnel tofillincreasingly legislation wasexplicitlyaimed ataddressing “theneedofAm adding theannual65,000 capandaLabor Conditi existed since1952withoutanyannualnumerical economy. principals thathavebeensponsor ineligible foremployment, becauseonlyasubset 9 8 7 essential to American Competitiveness intheTwenty-First Ce government itself:“TheDepartment businesses andprotectionforAmericanworker their essentialnature—standasreaffirma 11,707 (Mar.20,1991). Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page13of63 H.R.Rep. 101-723,pt.1,at41(Sept.19,1990). Alien TemporaryEmployment Id. Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page11of43

50. 49. 53. 51. 52. growing thenumber ofAmerican jobs: The Immigration Actof1990includedrevisi Congress hascarefullycalibratedtheHvisa In making onesuchstatutoryadjustment, theSenate’s Reportaccompanying the That theseprovisions struck anintentionalbalancebetweenthehiringneedsof Congress’s repeatedadjustments tothe 8

9 ed forlawfulpermanent resident

Labor CertificationProcess , 56Fed.Reg.11,705, 11,706- ER n “thatimmigrationcanandshoul believes thatthebroadintent tions ofthisfundame 0968 - 10 sophisticated jobsforwhichdomestic personnel ofH-4spouses—thosewhoaremarried toH-1B cient andresponsivetotheneedsofemployers limit orotherlaborprotectionmechanism, by ntury Actexpresslynoted thatH-1B visasare s wasimmediately clear,includingtothe type ofworkforceneededinan increasingly ting on thewagesandworkingconditionsof visa programs involved—withoutchanging on Application. Atthesame time, the system withtheneedsofdomestic ons totheH-1visacategorythathad ntal principle. erican business fo C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR status—may seekemployment. eater safeguardsandprotections of theActiscl d beincorporatedintoan I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY r highlyskilled, ear. .[It] 7 And its its And R ELIEF

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States DepartmentofStateExchangeVisitorProgram 11 10 skill, orother personofsimilar description, who is teacher, professor, researchassistant, specialist, country whichhehasnointentionofabandoning peaceful and more fruitfullifeforpeop Statesandothernations, andthecontributions beingmadetowarda of thepeopleUnited nations bydemonstrating theedu Educational andCulturalExchangeActof1961“tostrengthenthetieswhichuniteuswithother international medical graduatescompleting residencies. in awidevarietyofprograms, fromprofessorsa the program tomeet theneed by addingaset-asideforindividua among otherthings,revisedprevailingwagerequire category viatheH-1BVisaReformAct Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page14of63 S.Rep.106-260,at11-12(Apr.11,2000). See generally Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page12of43 what willdeprive Americans of jobs. and givingthemtoforeigners.Infact,how Critics ofH–1Bvisasclaim thattheyre 57. 56. 55. 54. is azero-sumgame. Butthispremise isplainlyflawed[.] arises from thepremise thatthere isafixed numberof jobsforwhichcompetition entering onH–1Bvisaswill‘‘take’’ ajob Many oftheconcernsaboutH–1Bvisas . economic growthandtherebypartiall companies’ abilitytohireskilledforei By statute,theJ-1visais The exchangevisitorprogram wases The J-1visaisusedforexchangevisitors 3. In 2004,Congressspecificallyaddresseda

U.S. Dep’tofState,Bureau of J VisaCategory s ofthedomestic economy. cational andcultural interests, developments andachievements ls completing U.S.graduatede ER le throughout theworld.” 22U.S.C.§2451. availabletoanoncitizen“havingresidencein a foreign 0969 of 2004. 118 Stat. 2809, 3353-61 §§ 421-430. This Act, of 2004.118Stat.2809,3353-61§§421-430.ThisAct, y atrophyitscreationof newjobs. - 11 gn professionalswill sult intakingawayjobsfrom Americans or leaderinafieldofspecializedknowledge or nd research scholars,to trainees andinterns,to revolve aroundthefearthatindividuals ever, failure toraise theH–1Bceilingis Educational and Cultural Affairs, This is because artificially limiting coming temporarily totheUnitedStates asa who isabonafidestude ments, adjustedthe number ofvisasavailable from anAmerican worker. Thisfear , perma.cc/3PXF-RURD. 11 , acategory thatencompasses participants tablished byCongressinthe Mutual

ppropriate limitations ontheH-1Bvisa C 10 OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR

grees, andotherwise calibrated stymie ourcountry’s nt, scholar,trainee, I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY The United R ELIEF

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summer worktravel progra and thecamp counselorprogram ( markets. markets. pair program,Congressconsideredandrejectedcl to placeaparticip workers. summer worktravel,trainee,andinternprograms C.F.R. §62.32);theaupairprogram ( exchange visitorframework. Thoseprograms in accompanying him orfollowingtojoin 1065. demonstrating specialskills, or receiving teaching, instructingorlecturing, studying, observing, conducting research, consulting, participant inaprogram designatedby”theU.S. entry ofnoncitizensunder certaincircumst statutory requirements arefurther imple regarding the admission ofnoncitizensintheseand other nonimmigrant visacategories,andthese U.S.C. §1184;8C.F.R.§§214.1,214.2. domestic laborconsiderationsshould market protections foreachvisacategory,deciding underwhatcircumstances andto whatextent Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page15of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page13of43 59. 58. 60. 63. 61. 62. B. See See

Eisenhower ExchangeFellowshipAct of1990,Pub.L.101-454§8, 104Stat.1063, 22 C.F.R.§§62.32(n)(3)(ii);62.22(b)(1)(ii), The governingregulationsprovide,among othe The StateDepartment hasestablished The J-2visaisissuedto“thealienspouseandminor ch The INAauthorizesthe President to“suspe outextensiveprocedures,requirements,The INAsets andotherprovisions Congress hasthuscomprehensivelyidenti T HE ant temporarily P RESIDENT m mustbetrulyseasonalortemporary; theprogram may notbeused ’ S inapermanent position. S id. §62.30). TATUTORY TATUTORY ER affect theissuance ofthesevisas. id. him.” 8U.S.C.§1101(a)(15)(J). mented throughexhaustiveregulations. 0970 training.” 8U.S.C.§1101(a)(15)(J). § 62.31);thetraineeandinternprograms ( ances. Section212(f)of the INAprovides: - 12 A UTHORITY clude thesummer travelprogram work ( in particular may notdisplace domestic U.S. Department “forthepurposeof ofState, aims thatitadverselyimpacted U.S.labor individual programs withintheoverall nd” or“impose .restrictions” onthe Id. fied thescopeofappropriatelabor-

(f)(2)(v). Further,positions underthe §§ 62.32(b),(g)(4)(i).Astotheau C r things,thatparticipantsinthe OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ildren ofanysuchalienif I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY See generally id. § 62.22); R ELIEF see 22

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innovation. Temporary foreignwork September 30,2019(themost recentstatistics),th American businesses. limitations andexceptionsasthePresident the UnitedStates exceptundersuchreasonablerules, 8 U.S.C.§1182(f). Department ofStateEx 14 Cards) FiscalYears2015-2019 13 Division, H-1BAuthorized-to-Work PopulationEstimate 12 visas. and theirdependents. 2019 fortransfersofexecutives,managers,orthos specialized occupationswasapproximately 580,000. President’s authority policymaking authoritystemming from thispr Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page16of63 U.S. Dep’t ofState,BureauEducationalandCultural Affairs, U.S. Dep’tof State,ClassesofNonimmigrants IssuedVisas(IncludingBorder Crossing U.S. Citizenship &Immigration Services, Office of Policy &Strategy, Policy Research Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page14of43 14

67. 66. 65. 64. impose ontheentryofaliensanyrestrictionshemay beappropriate. deem to entry ofallaliensoranyclassa may byproclamation, andforsuchperiodashe shalldeem necessary,suspend the into theUnitedStateswould bedetrimental totheinterests of theUnitedStates, he Whenever thePresident findsthattheentry A.

These workerscontributeenormously to United StatesCitizenshipandImmigra The visacategories atissue inthis case Section 215(a)oftheINAprovidesthatitis C ONTRIBUTIONS OF under Section212(f). 13 Roughly 300,000exchangevisitorsente change VisitorProgram , perma.cc/BE3T-9PR4. FACTUAL BACKGROUND FACTUAL F ER ers boostinnovationatU.S.fi OREIGN 0971 Trump v.Hawaii - 13 N liens asimmigrantsornonimmigrants, or , perma.cc/86D7-ACCC. ONIMMIGRANT ONIMMIGRANT may prescribe.”8U.S.C.§1185(a)(1).Any e H-1Bvisapopulation offoreignworkersin ovision “substantiallyoverlap[s]”withthe of anyaliensorclass e withspecialexperiencewithincompanies 12 regulations,andorders,subjecttosuch Nearly 160,000LvisaswereissuedinFY are critical tothesuccess and growthof 1,perma.cc/N9R4-XNQM. American productivity,prosperity,and tion Servicesestimated that,as of , 138S.Ct.2392,2407n.1(2018). unlawful“foranyaliento. . . enter W C r theUnitedStateseachyearonJ OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ORKERS rms—as measured byproxies

The UnitedStates I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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evidence thatimmigrants take jobsfrom US-bornworkers.” on theglobalstage. the GapinourSupplyofSTEM when lookingattheeffectof for aNewAmerican Economy, titled creating Americans, theemployment oftemporaryworker employees thatsupportthem.” computer programmers basedin American offices offices intheUnitedStates,amovethatcreatesjobsat alllevels programs likeH-1B—“allowsAmerican employers to such aspatentingactivity—drivi perma.cc/66K3-NZDQ. Partnership foraNew American Economy, Immigration andAmerican Jobs 18 (2015), perma.cc/C6T2-6TKZ. between 2010-2013will createmorethan700,000jobsforU.S.-born workersby20201-2 17 where possible. immigration process—employershavefinancial new temporary workeremployees—including allth perma.cc/4BZR-ED9S. Indeed,becausethereares more jobsthanthenumberof available,trained professionals whocouldpotentially fill them.”), “13 STEMjobswerepostedonlineforeachune [in] economicoutput over thenext decad executives agreethereis atalentshorta future of work study people?: Keyfindingsfromthe2018Deloitteand 16 Students, 81Fed.Reg.13,040,13,048(Mar.11,2016) for F-1NonimmigrantStudentswithSTEMDegr 15 companies toperform. structural shortageofdomestic perma.cc/W2ND-RRLB; Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page17of63 Madeline Zavodny, American EnterpriseIn Partnership foraNewAmerican Economy, TheH-1BEmployment Effect: H-1Bsawarded See, e.g. See, e.g. Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page15of43 70. 69. 68. jobsforAmerican-born workers. , U.S.Dep’tofHomeland Security, , Deloitte &The Manufacturing Institute, A studyjointlyauthoredbytheAmericanEnterpriseInstituteandPartnership Economists andotherscholarstherefore American firms, particularlyinmanufact 15

2 (2018)(“[R]esearchrev 16 And “havingtheworkerstofill suchjobs”—through nonimmigrant visa id. at3fig.2 17

Workers:Data&Analysis all immigrantsonemployment am ng theeconomy andhelping toensureAmerican competitiveness workers qualifiedandavailabletofilltherolesneeded forthe ER Immigration andAmericanJobs

(“[The p]ersistentskillsshor e.”); NewAmerican Economy ResearchFund, 0972 ge intheUSmanuf - 14 Improving andExpandingTr mployed workerthat year—orroughly3million eals anunprecedentedmajo incentives toavoidhiringtemporary workers ees andCap-GapReliefforAllEligible F-1 s from abroadactually hastheneteffect of stitute forPublicPolicyResearch&the to the secretaries, HRstaff,andmailroom ubstantial costsinvolved withthe hiring of The Manufacturing Institute skills gapand e legal fees andcosts (collectingauthorities). continuebasingindividualoperationsor uring and certain STEM fields, face a uring andcertainSTEMfields,facea The jobsarehere,butwherethe agree that,farfrom takingjobsfrom (Mar.29,2017)(notingthatin2016, 18

C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR acturing sector.”), tage couldriskUS$2.5trillion ong USnatives,thereisno ong , concludedthat“[o]verall, —from theengineersand aining Opportunities rity (89percent)of associated withthe I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY available at 11 (2011), Sizing Up R ELIEF

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higher employment among USnatives.” H-1B programfor skilled workersandH-2Bprogra Productivity] growth during the period”1990to2010. Productivity] growthduring “foreign STEMgrowthexplainedbetweenone-third visa holdersinacityresultedproductiv American cities,economists concluded that,per additional 464jobsforUSnatives.” 24 23 22 21 20 19 incremental innovationsareoccurring. reallocation. Generatingproduc firm-level analysisshows H-1Bvisapetitions the entryofnewproductsandex born workers.” 1B andH-2Bprograms fortemporary workerscorrespondtogreaterj USnatives.” additional 183jobsamong , Nat’l Bureau of Economic Res Destruction, Nat’lBureauofEconomic U.S. Cities(July2015),perma.cc/N4GV-YJJ6. workers. This wasalmost all“attributed tothe States overtheperiod immigration ontheU.S.economy, foreign-born the Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page18of63 Gaurav Khanna,MunseobLee, GiovanniPeri,KevinShih,Chad Sparber, Id Id Id Id Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page16of43 . at11. . . . at4. 72. 71. 73. 74. In aseminal 2015economic evaluationof That studyshowedthat“sta An economicstudyin2018ontherelations 22 As describedinaJuly2

2000 to2015createdanestimated be t reallocationisonemeasure it ofoutdatedproducts(product ER 21 In sum, “[t]heresultsgiveclearevidencethatboththe H- 24 019 economicstudyontheimpact ofhighly-skilledSTEM

19 0973 High-Skill Immigration, Specifically, “[a]dding100H-1B tes withgreaternumbersof earch (2018), perma.cc/QE87-KDAC. earch (2018),perma.cc/QE87-KDAC. 20 - 15 And “[a]dding100H-2B ity gains.Specifically,theeconomists foundthat STEM Workers,H-1BVisas,and Productivityin generation ofideasassociatedwithhigh-skilled their simulations, anin areassociatedwithhigherrates ofproduct m for less-skillednonagricultural workershad shareof STEMprofessionalsintheUnited andone-half oftheaverage[TotalFactor 23

H-1Bvisasandproductivityin219 hip betweenH-1Bvisapetitionsand nefit of$103billionforAmerican C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR to identifywheresmaller, reallocation) concludedthat Innovation, andCreative temporaryworkersinthe ob opportunitiesforUS- creased numberofH-1B workers resultsinan workersresultsinan I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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Institute recentlysummarizedmany ofthela productivity andwagesofU.S.-bornworkers.” STEM immigrationwhichpromotes thedevelopm UUJT. at Liberty(May14,2020) (summarizing andlinki 28 Immigration HurttheU.S. Economy 27 26 economy 25 skilled temporary workersareofteninstrume “quantitative skillsand STEMfields,”wh entrepreneurship andinnovative talent; selected byU.S.collegesorcompaniesfo and economicgrowth— Medicine likewise Consequences ofImmigration Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page19of63 AlexNowrasteh, Giovanni Peri&Chad Sparber National Academies ofSciences,Engineering,andMedicine, Gunadi, Christian Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page17of43 throughout thecountry. innovation, andentrepreneurship.Thes visa[s] …directlyincreasetheproduc processes that increasenationwideproduc technology andknowledgeallowformore efficientmachines andproduction H-1B workershaveanespeciallybigimpact onAmerican innovation.New 77. 76. contributions ofhigh-skilledimmigrants. economic the growthintheUnitedStateswouldbeconsiderablydimmedwithout which ultimatelycontributestoproductiv immigrants andinnovationsuggeststhatim innovation, entrepreneurship,andtechno skilled immigration of human capital has boosted thenation’s capacity for (and, inthecaseofJapan,ashrinking)workforce.Moreover,infusionbyhigh- stagnant economies createdbyunfavorable supplies workerswhohavehelpedtheUn Importantly, immigration isintegralto 75. , 61LabourEconomics (2019),perma.cc/U39W-P2SZ. The H-1Bvisacategoryhasprofound At leastthreefactorsacc A literature review by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and concludesthat: Don’t BanH-1BWorkers: TheyAre An inquiryontheimpactofhighly-sk first, thoseindividualswhoaremotivat , TheNational Academies Press 28

ER 2(July2020),perma.cc/3B6B-25YU. , PresidentialExecutive ActionsHaltingHigh Skilled ount forthelinkbetweenrobus second, high-skilledtemporary wo 0974 ich arespecialties that fuel growth;and test economic analyses,andexplained that: ntal inthecreationofnewtechnologies. - 16 r opportunitieshere,haveanoverabundanceof 25 the nation’seconomic growth.Immigration

ng toseveralleadingstudies), perma.cc/SMW4- ited States to avoid the problems facing tivity. Highlyskilledmigrants onH-1B ity growth.Thepros e effects are localized and diffuse e effectsarelocalizedanddiffuse demographics—in particular,anaging tion ofknowledgethroughpatents, logical change.Theliteratureon ent ofnewtechnologies thatincrease the migrants raisepatentingpercapita, implications for innovation.The Cato Worth TheirWeightinInnovation illed STEMimmigration ontheU.S. 6-7 (2017),perma.cc/JU7U-LVJ2. C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ed toleavehome, andwhoare The Economic and Fiscal t high-skilledimmigration pects for long-run rkers tend tofocusin I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY 27 third

26 R

, high- ELIEF , Cato

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to retainingandexpandinginternati Individuals from acrosstheworl range ofexperiencesinthis services, organization,me the employer because the individual alreadypossesses familiarity withthecompany’s products, transfer ofanexisting 32 31 Potential AbusesoftheL-1 VisaProgram 30 29 professions intheirhome countrieswherethey view oftheU.S.Theseuniversitystudentsand participants takehome positive impressions of America—9 outof 10report amore favorable the perception of theUnitedStates inthei showcasing thebestAmericahastooffer programs, totheconsiderablebenefitofourforeignrelations. America. Indeed, 1in3 current worldleaders ar enrich themselvesandtheircomm States, travelheretoexperience firsthandtheAm trend.” L-1 workersdisplacingAmerican workers. by DHS’sOfficeofInspectorGeneralconcludedthat Policy andTrends 5(Jan.13,2016),perma.cc/9VHJ-J3SE. “assist theDepartment ofState https://perma.cc/5XPX-EADR. Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page20of63 U.S.Dep’t ofState,Bureau Securi U.S.Dep’tofHomeland Cong.ResearchServ., See Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page18of43 30 79. 80. 78. 81. 22 C.F.R.§62.1.

The CongressionalResearchServicehasthus Cultural exchange visitors travel totheUnitedStates onJvisas,allowing abroad The L-1visaprogram especially important is forcompanies asitinvolves the The J-1exchangevisitorpr employee totheUnited States.Thesejobs thods, orresearch. Temporary Professional,Managerial country. Thatprogram haslongb in furtheringtheforeignpolicy d, oftenwheregovernments may be Educational&Cultural Affairs, unities whilehere,butthey retu ty, OfficeofInspectorGeneral, ER onal businesses intheUnited States.” 0975 10 (Jan.2006),perma.cc/Y88X-3JBP. ogram isaprofoundlyeffectivepublicdiplomacy tool, - 17 thousands ofyoungpeoplewhowillgoontoshape r home countries:“ExchangeVisitorProgram young professionalsmove intoabroadrangeof e alumni ofStateDepart erican way oflife.Notonlydothoseindividuals erican way do notseemtorepresentasignificantnational are likelytobeinfluencers.Theirexchange “the claims thatappearinthe media about describedtheL-1 31 objectives of theUnitedStates.” C Ultimately, J-1exchange visitors oftenhavesignificantimpact for OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR , andSkilledForeignWorkers: rn home withpositive visions of een akeytoolfordiplomacy: Moving PeopletoMove Ideas Review ofVulnerabilities and antagonistictotheUnited ment culturalexchange 29 And aninvestigation I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY visa as“essential R ELIEF 32

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business practicesandAmerican andimproved families, Englishskills.” these future leaders with favorable impressionsof perma.cc/7L99-MZ38. used byfamiliesthatwouldotherwise lacklive-in childcare. experiences createafoundation perma.cc/EB2T-WL7C. program “wouldlikelynotbeabletofindsuitabl e careforthechildren” without theprogram), Summary Report 37 Programs 36 Program 35 34 33 March. January 2020,andstatelocalgovernments be the Nation’seconomic issues. Without childcare,many parentswillbeunableto now, withchildrenforcedtostayhome bythe contribute $662.6 million annuallytotheU.S.economy. positions are equallyor more availabletoAmer counselors. Americans, and78%wouldhavetoreduceserv participatinginaJ-1 counselors, 99%ofcamps they havemoreseasonal jobsavailable than workersavailable to fill them. domestic labor market. Forsummerworktravel programs, 97%ofU.S.employers reportthat Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page21of63 Americans forCulturalExchange, See AllianceforInternational Exchange, See AllianceforInternational Exchange, See AllianceforInternationalExchange, See Alliance for International Exchange, Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page19of43 82. 83. B. 2,perma.cc/MJK2-SYWH.

1-2,perma.cc/4WH2-5DWY. 35 For theinternandtraineeprograms, J-1 participantsalsohelp The first confirmed casesof COVID-19inthe UnitedStates wereidentified in COVID-19 7(July16,2020)(two-thirds offamilie AND U for positive relationships and trustwith ourcountry, equipping NEMPLOYMENT ER Benefits 0976 growlocaleconomies, cont - 18 EurekaFacts Study:Impact ofInternandTrainee (2019),https://pe EurekaFacts, EurekaFacts Study:ImpactofSWTProgram EurekaFacts Study:ImpactofCampCounselor program offerequallyavailableopportunitiesto

gan shuttingdownpartsof pandemic rather thanattendschoolinperson: pandemic rather America, firsthandexperience with American work,decreasingproductivityanddeepening icans; additionally, J-1interns andtrainees ices intheabsence of J-1 international 36 vast majority ofemployers reportthat s employing anaupairthroughtheJ-1 And theaupairprogram isprincipally

37 Au PairProgram:2020Executive That resource isespecially critical C rma.cc/Y6PR-AGVY. rma.cc/Y6PR-AGVY. OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR 33 ributing netjobstothe

theeconomy inmid- I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY 34 Fr camp For R ELIEF 2,

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unemployment theeconomy cansustainislikelybetween3.5%and4.5%. saw record numbers of newunemployment filings, Occupations 43 42 8A (Mar.5,2020),perma.cc/VL4G-FVNN. of H-1BSpecialtyOccupationWorkers: 41 For ComputerOccupationsFellInMay Occupations 40 Unemployment Rate 39 March asEconomyCollapsed 38 demand forhigh-skilledworkersintheseo over 260,000postingsfor“softwaredevelopers job vacancy postingsadvertisedonline forjobs incommoncomputer occupations—including individuals intheseoccupations. unemployment rate in computer-related jobsindi related occupations,”accordingtoDHSdata. certain jobs intourism, hospitality, andrelatedserv 14.7% totalunemployment rateinApril. switch jobs,andasnew workers enterthela good times, ahealthy,dynamic economy will have that theU.S.economycan sustain Bureau of LaborStatistics data shows thatth 2.8% inApril2020,andto2.5%May2020. decreased—from 3.0%inJanuary Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page22of63 Nat’l FoundationforAmerican Policy, Bd.of Governors ofth U.S.Dep’tofHomeland Security,U. Nat’lFoundationforAmerican Policy, See See, e.g. Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page20of43 87. 84. 88. 86. 85. U.S. BureauofLaborStatistics,GraphicsforEconomic NewsReleases: Civilian , HeatherLong, 1(June2020),perma.cc/P7JB-NFBQ. (June 2020),perma.cc/P7JB-NFBQ. According toaJune2020analysisbythe As aresult,unemployment increaseddram Moreover, duringthe30daysendingJune9,2020,therewereover630,000active Nearly two-thirds of appr That spikeinunemployment wasnotdist , perma.cc/AX44-WCWW. e Federal Reserve System, Over 10MillionAmericansAppliedforUnemployment Benefitsin , Wash. Post(Apr.2,2020),perma.cc/J6LY-R7HM. ? (June 10,2020),perma.cc/R79F-QVFE;? 2020 (beforetheeconomic impacts ER , Forbes(June11,2020),https://perma.cc/JRX9-BJ79. 39 0977 S. Citizenship &Immigration Services, Fiscal Year2019AnnualReporttoCongress oved H-1Bvisapetitionsar

ccupations stillexceeds the domestic supply. Updated Analysis of Employment Data for Computer Updated AnalysisofEmployment DataforComputer Updated AnalysisofEmploy bor market andother workersleaveit.”). 41 - 19 40

e unemployment rateincomputer occupations cates thatthere is significant unmet demand for See also 38 (applications)” alone—indicatingthatoverall ice industries werehitha and theBureauofLabor What is thelowestlevel of unemployment at leastsome unemployment asworkers ributed evenlyacrossoccupations.While atically. Thelasttwoweeksof March Stuart Anderson,UnemploymentRate Federal Reserve,thelowest rateof C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR e forjobsin“computer- of theviruswerefelt)to ment DataforComputer 42 The exceedinglylow see alsoid. Statistics reported a rdest, ananalysis of I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY Characteristics 43 (“Even in 12 &tbl

R ELIEF

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Reg. at38,263.Butitassertsth administered temporary workerprograms canprovidebenefits totheec Reg. at38,263. reflects amarkeddecline from April,millions of Americans remain outof work.”Ex.A,85Fed. 19,” alongwithunemployment statistics:“While . whileundertakingcertainpublichealthmeasures necessary toflattenthecurve ofCOVID- preamble citesthe“extensivedisruptions” faced by“UnitedStatesbusinessesandtheirworkers provided forinsection3 ofthisproclamation, woul into theUnitedStates of .personsdescribe authorizing suchemployment pos contraction resultingfrom theCOVID-19out group.” particularly high—29.9percentfor16-19year olds rate foryoung Americans, whocompetewithcerta lost inindustries inwhichemployers are s 38,264. First,“betweenFebruary andApril of2020, COVID-19 outbreak,”theProclama opportunities forAmericansaffectedbytheextr visaprograms andLnonimmigrant . 1B, H-2B,J, presents asignificantthreattoemployment Id. requesting H-1BandLworkerstofill positions.” million UnitedStates workers losttheirjobs nonimmigrant visas.” Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page23of63

Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page21of43 C. 89. 90. 92. 91. Id.

T The Presidentissuedth The Proclamation acknowledgesthat,“[u] Citing Sections212(f)and 215(a)oftheINA, As supportforitsconclusion that “[t]he HE P ROCLAMATION Id. at38,263-38,264. e anunusualthreattotheempl at “undertheextraordinaryci ER tion citesthreesupposeddatapoints.Ex.A,85Fed.Reg.at

e Proclamation onJune22,2020.TheProclamation’s 0978 - 20 Second, “[d]uring thissame period,morethan20 Second, “[d]uring in keyindustries where employersarecurrently eeking tofill worker positions tiedtoH-2B d insection2ofthis aordinary economic disruptionscausedbythe Id. break, certainnonimmigr the May[unemployment] d bedetrimental tothe in Jnonimmigrant visaapplicants,hasbeen more than17million UnitedStatesjobswere at 38,264.Finally,“theMayunemployment , and23.2percentforthe20-24yearold entry ofadditional workers through theH- nder ordinarycircumstances, properly thePresidentassertedthat “theentry C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR oyment ofAmerican workers.” rcumstances oftheeconomic onomy.” Ex.A,85Fed. proclamation, exceptas interests oftheUnited rateof13.3percent ant visaprograms I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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continued asnecessary.”Ex.A,§6. or theirrespectivedesignees.”Ex.A,§3(b). the nationalinterest asdetermined bytheSecretar services essentialtotheUnitedStatesfoodsuppl of U.S.citizens;“anyalienseeking toenter theUnitedStates toprovide temporary labor or June 24,2020effectivedate.Ex.A,§3(a). valid nonimmigrant visaorothervalidtravelau Ex. A,§2. any alienseekingentrypursuantto”: Reg.at38,264. Ex. A,85Fed. States, andthattheirentryshouldbesubjectto

are members ofthePlaintiffassociations. many American businessesofallsizes andacross in irreparable changes toU.S.labor markets. The Proclamation willinflict substantial harm on America’s employers. The effects ofthispolicy Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page24of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page22of43 D. 96. 95. 94. (c) anLvisa, andanyalienaccompanying orfollowingtojoinsuchalien. accompanying orfollowingtojoin such alien;and camp counselor,aupair,orsummerwo (b) aJvisa, totheextent thealien isparticipating inanintern, trainee, teacher, alien; (a) anH-1B orH-2Bvisa,andanyalie 93. 97.

T The Proclamation’s travelban “shallex The Proclamation alsoexempts lawfulpermanent residents;spouses andchildren intheUnitedThe bandoesnotapplytononcitizenswhowere Statesorhelda Section 2oftheProclamation therefore barred “theentry into the United States of B The purposeoftheProclama USINESS HE P ROCLAMATION

ER ’ S 0979 I MMEDIATE - 21 tion istoradically alte n accompanyingorfollowingtojoinsuch certainrestrictions,limitations, andexceptions.” y chain”;and“anyalienwhoseentrywouldbein are immediate, and—ifnot enjoined—will result alleconomic sectors.Manyofthese businesses thorization document oftheProclamation’s as y ofState, theSecretaryofHomeland Security, rk travelprogram, andanyalien , pire onDecember 31,2020,”but “may be

H ARMFUL C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR E FFECTS ON FFECTS r thehiringbehaviorof I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY A MERICAN R ELIEF

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out thisworkspaceforAmericans.” this.” Unprecedented level ofeffort byapresident to cl pausing oftheH-1Bs,H-4s,H-2B the courseofrest2020isabou visitors, and6,000L-1intracompany tran over 500,000jobopeningsforAmericans appeared onFoxNews,LouDobbsT official,” stated that“the sum totalof whatth that call indicates that an individual, whothe MigrationPolicy/status/1275193001401344000. 48 HomelandKen/status/1275201179920760839. 47 46 45 Proclamation SuspendingEntr 44 2020. block atotalof167,000nonimmigrants from enteri the impacts of theProclamation basedonhistoric Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page25of63 MigrationPolicy Institute (@MigrationPolic Transcript ofWhite HouseBackgroundPre See KenCuccinelli(@HomelandKen), Twitter Id. Id Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page23of43 47 48 .

This number includes29,000H-1Bworker 100. 101. 99. 98. 102. The officialdescribedthatthedesiredpur On June22,2020,ActingDeputySecretaryofHomeland SecurityKenCuccinelli The officialreiteratedthat, “[t]akentoge On June22,2020,theWhiteHousehelda The MigrationPolicyInstitute, anonpartisan think tank, provided anestimate of y ofCertainNonimmigrants, 46 ER t 525,000jobs.Quiteasignificantnumber.”

onight, statingthat“justthetemporary piecesofthis. . . are 0980 s, Js,andLs,itwillopenupabout525,000jobs.” sfers, alongwiththeirdependents. in thelatterhalfofthisye - 22 ese actionswilldoin term White Housedescribedasa“senior administration y), Twitter(June 22,2020), https://twitter.com/ ear theAmerican job market ofcompetitionlike ss CallConcerningtheJune22Presidential s, 23,000H-2B workers,72,000J-1exchange trends. Itestimates that the Proclamation will ng thecountrybetweenJulyandDecember ther, thegreencardpause,alongwith (June22,2020), https://twitter.com/ pose andeffectofth “background presscall.”Atranscriptof available at C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ar. Thatisaverybigdeal. perma.cc/Z9YU-MUZK. s offreeingupjobsover s e policyis to“clear I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY 44

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occasioned bytheCOVID-19pandemic. to theanalysisexplains, itdoesnotaccountforpent-updemand thatoccurredduetodelays members. members. aggregate, employstensofmillions ofAmeri many“high-tech” sector,among others. by, intheAdministration’s words,“clear[ing]out employers asitrelatestohundredsofthousands States for,atminimum, thesecondhalfof2020. purpose oftheProclamation isto across awideswathof Plaintiffs’ members. AstheAdministration has expressly stated,the Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page26of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page24of43 103. 104. 106. 105. These numbers, however,likelygreatlyundere These numbers, The statedpurposeofthispolicyisto The expresspurposeoftheProclamation istoforciblychangehiringpractices Plaintiffs representabroadcross-secti create anenormouschangeinjo ER 0981 - 23 cans. TheU.S.Chamber alonehas300,000 business ” temporary foreignworkers,andtargetingthe jobs inthenextfewmonths.Thisisachieved on oftheAmerican economy inthe that, alter thehiringpract stimate thetotalimpact. Asthenote C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR b hiringpatternsintheUnited

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thousands ofindividualswhoare around theglobe. international labormarkets, directlyharming comp their organization’sprofessiona implement inthetoolbox of Plaintiffs’ multina and workintheUnitedStates.For example, American businessesthat theymay nothiremo category resumes.”). published bytheembassy orconsulatewhereyou Statethe pandemic?”—the Department responded“Hello-Pleasereferto theinformation lifted andvisasissued,can weexpectpriorityforcaseswhereappointments werecancelleddueto was rescheduled multiple times andfinally nowst response tothequestion—“Hi -I 50 https://twitter.com/ 2020, unlessanexceptionapplies. Seethelinkforexceptions.”), will notbe issuingH-1B, H-2B,L,certainJvi applies.”), https://twit 2B, L,orcertainJvisas,andtheirderiva who donothaveavalid nonimmigrantvisaasof the same account, https://twitter.com/TravelGov/status/ 49 that theDepartment ofStat exception applies. 1B, H-2B,L,orcertainJvisas,andtheirderivatives through December31,2020,unlessan user, theDepartment ofStateannounced viathis of StateBureauConsularAffairs.” OnJ “Travel –StateDept”Twitter account (@TravelGov) Department ofStatehasannounced States onanH-1B,H-2B Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page27of63 U.S.Dep’tofState,BureauConsular U.S.Dep’tofState,Bureau ofConsular Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page25of43 109. 110. 107. 108. For decades, many ofPlaintiffs’ members havecollectively hired tens of The Proclamation foreclosestheseimportant That is,foratleastthelasttwoquartersof2020,Administration hastold To accomplish this end,andtoimplement theProclamation, Defendant see Tweets publishedonJune 25,2020(“Suspensionofentryappliestothose See Proclamation forexceptions.” TravelGov/status/1276502018815692802. ter.com/TravelGov/status/1276130798719184896, andJune 26,2020(“We , L-1,andJ-1visa. e isnotcurrently l talentaroundtheglobewithou reliant upontheH-1B,H-2B,L-1,or had aninterviewappointment forL1scheduledinMarch.This ER 1277938802259042304. ThisTweetisoneof many. From that itwillnotissuevisas 0982 tives through December 31,2020,unlessanexception une 30, 2020,inresponsetoaquestionfrom aTwitter “processing” the“L1”“visacategory.” Affairs(@TravelGov), - 24 Affairs(@TravelGov), st workerswhowouldnor tional company members toassignand transfer Twitteraccountthat“WewillnotbeissuingH- June24,2020.We willnotbeissuing H-1B,H- for 50yearstheL-1visahasbeenacentral sas, ortheir derivatives throughDecember 31, anies thatrelyonaccess toleading talent from ands cancelled after the EO. When theEOis intend toapplyonceprocessing ofthisvisa 49 is the“OfficialTwitter forU.S.Department Elsewhere, theTwitter account confirmed , established patterns t regardtonationalborders. C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR in theimpactedcategories.The Twitter (July16,2020)(in J-1 visacategoriestoenter Twitter (June30,2020), mally enterthe United I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY of hiringinthe 50

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choose toengage insimilar programs inotherna spent recruiting thistalent, thelossisirreparable. preparing and filingimmigration fill U.S.-basedjobs,obtainingcertification of employment outsidetheU.S.,erasingvalueof Proclamation willcause many oftheindividuals re tangible implications for yearstocome. employees—stay withtheircompanies formany y U.S. businesseswillnot regainthose individuals. Because many employees—often thebest portfolio, they willchoose totakepositions withacompetitor abroad.Onceemployees are lost, via anLvisaduetotheProcla period willhavelastinga later beremedied. loss ofproductivity.That because acompany cannothireanindividualwith result, many of thoseopeningswillgounfilled entirely. American companies from turningtothe internati There isashortageofhigh-skil the NAM,U.S.Chamber, theNRF,andT big deal,”causesimmediate andir

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page28of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page26of43 117. 116. 115. 114. 113. 112. 111. Many of thoseindividuals whowouldenter By barringindividualswho When some intracompany transferworkers Because employment isdurable,the employment decisions made duringthis These changes to thelabor market causei As aresultoftheProclamation, American businesses—includingthemembers of This massive shift, whichtheAdminist nd irreparable effects. lost productivityisanopportunity mation topursuewhat led American workersincertainfields,andtheProclamation bars petitions. Because companies cannotrecoupthetime andmoney reparable injury toAmerican busin ER 0983 would enterthecountryon - 25 tions thatwillacceptthem. Thiswillcausedirect compliance withlabormarket protections, and echNet—are unable to fill necessary positions. onal labor market to fill these positions. Asa thetime andmoney spentrecruitingtalentto ears, employment decisi the properqualifications, amounts toapromoti cruited tojoinAmerican firms tosecure ration calls“[u]nprecedented”and “avery rreparable injury. Whenajobsits vacant the UnitedStates viaa Jvisawillnow are unabletoentertheUnitedStates cost thatispermanent andcannot C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR esses ofallsizesandshapes. an Hcategory visa, the on oranexpandedjob ons made today have ons madetodayhave the resultisadirect I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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less resilient, andtechnological advancement willnothappen asquickly. the workforcewithforecasted business needs.The forward-looking globalworkforce producing jobslocatedat U.S.-basedheadquarters. the ability totransfer high-perf resulting inefficiency willcauseirreparable ha this impediment tothecompany’s businessplanningwillcontinuefor begin toreopen,theProclamation’s restrictions customers, andindevelopingnewbusinessstrategiestoincrease growt development, ensuringstability andreliability of criticaltechnologi efficiency ofthecompany’s workinmany sect unavailability. Theirabsencefrom U.S.has the employees didnotanticipateorprepare forthe n the U.S.whohappenedtobeoverseasonshort-term travelwhen thepandemichit.These global competitiveness. this activity, frustrating theinvestments already made andultimately harming these companies’ a new,domesticoperation.TheProclamation undermin including the flexibility totransfer current employees from alocationoutsidetheUnitedStatesto did sowiththeunderstandingthat choosing tositefacilitiesin manufacturing plants,andleadershiphubs.Countries country inwhich theywillbuildcriticalfaciliti interests. Forexample, intoda and individualsthatemploy individualswhoenteronJvisas. and irreparablelosstoth

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page29of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page27of43 120. 119. 118. Multinational companies, including members For example, oneofPlaintiffs’members The Proclamation, moreover, upendsc e companies thatserveasprogram sponsors,aswellthecompanies theUnitedStates,many businesse y’s globaleconomy,companies often orming employees from subsidiaries planning, includingtheintegrati ER they couldbringforeigntalenttoworkatthoselocations, 0984 - 26 rm. Productswillbedelaye es, suchasresearch-and-development laboratories, have becomeinmany casesthesolereasonwhy fundamentally impacted thespeed,agility,and ors, includingcoreengineering,researchand eed tosituatetheirU.S.-basedteams fortheir experience andtechnical depthemployees gain Multinationalcompanies compete mightily forthis infrastructure.In es theabilityofbusinessestoengagein has foreign employees alreadybasedin ountless investment-backed reliance of thePlaintiff associations, rely on s—including Plaintiffs’members— C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR on of skill development within have severaloptionsastothe outsidetheU.S.togrowth- another sixmonths.The d, serviceswillbecome h. AsU.S.consulates cal infrastructurefor constantly engagein I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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the consularpostsclosed,and States. DuetoCOVID-19,hewasunableget avi $1.2 billionbusinessportfoliothatworkswith programs inthe Indianmarket. He employed bythecompany currentlymanages since2006.Theemployee 18globalbusiness engineering services—including, potentia service theircustomers, which time zone13hoursaheadofhiscolleagues. This his entryintotheU.S.atleastuntil2021.In consulate beforetheconsularpostsclosed—and to leadthatteam. toCOVID-19,hewasunableget avisaappointment Due attheU.S. India, andemployedbythecompany since2013,wasslatedtotransfer headquarters tomanage networkengineeringforc operations. Forinstance, thecompany builta team of full-time employees atitsU.S.-based company unable todoso.Thishashadadetrimental impactonthecompany’s business L-1 visaprogram togrowthecompany’sbus talent throughoutitsglobaloperationsandbringthoseindividualstothe business has builtitsU.S.-basedbusinessinreli work ondifferentteams andfordifferent team. between IndiaandtheU.S.-based headquartershasmade itdifficultforhim tomanage hisnew while workingonteams inoneregionoftheworl United States willhave a material impact onunemployment ratesof U.S.citizens. stated goal.Thereisno basistoconcludethat further confirms thatthe Proclamation isarbitr 51 Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page30of63 That companies haverespondedto thePr Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page28of43 51

122. 121. Another ofthecompany’s employees isalso For example, oneofPlaintiffs’members now heissubjecttotheProc could leadthosecustomers to was slatedtotransfer to theU. ER 0985 products orservicesintheU.S. lly, tonon-U.S. basedcompetitors. - 27 oclamation byhavingemployees workoverseas he isnowsubject exempting from thiswideswathofworkers the ary andcapricious not rationally tiedtoits iness. TheProclamation, however,leavesthe meantime, hehasbeenl more than4,000businessesacrosstheUnited d areoftenessentialco ance onthe abilitytoidentify topmanagerial lients. AnIndiannationa has createdastrainontheteam’s abilityto sa appointment attheU.S.consulatebefore in thesoftwareandnetworkengineering anIndiannationalcurrentlyinIndia, lamation. Thetime zonedifference look elsewhereforthesenetwork C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR to the Proclamation, preventing S. onanL-1visatomanage a totheU.S.onanL-1visa United Statesthroughthe mponents foradvancing eading the team from a a fromeading theteam l currentlylocatedin I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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irrecoverable. chooses tomake thatinvestment outsidethe Proclamation willpreclude thisform of investment intoU.S.infrastructure. And if acompany the leadership ofanemployeewhohasworked many companies willdecideagai operations, particularlyin Canada,I example, (2020)arguesthatH-1Brestri Glennon technological andproductivity gr 52 relating toimmigrantvisas,thathadbeenset “may becontinuedasnecessary.”Indeed, theProclamation alsodapriorentryban, extende Proclamation statesthat itistoend onD the year,furtherdeepeningplanninguncer the employment opportunitiescreatedbytheproject project willbewellunderway. Because of the team engineers in France togetthe this employee cannot come totheUnitedStates. product lineoverthenextth team to50byearly2021.Thecompany anticipates team wouldhaveconsistedof 25 softwareengin withbuildinganewbusinessanalyticsproduct.Initially,the new teamintheU.S.tasked transfer anemployeecurrentlyinFrancetothe services tothosefaciliti many members ofthePlaintiff result oftheconsularpostclos Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page31of63 Economists PeriandSparberhaveobservedthat Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page29of43 123. 125. 124. 52 Now awarethattemporary workersareba Moreover, thereisnoguarantee that the For example, oneofPlaintiffs’members ha Not onlydoesthisharm thecountryasawhole,butitistodirectdetriment of es baseddomestically. ree tofouryears.While ures duetoCOVID,theProclamation nowbarsthistransferand project started,andbythetime nst expandingoperationshere.If owth intheUScouldmean in associations, ast ndia, andChina.”Peri& Sparber, ER 0986 ecember 31,2020, theProclamation providesthat it - 28 United States,thelosstodomestic economy is United States. Theemployee wasslatedtoleada tainty itimposesonbus expire, providingthatitwouldcontinueaswell eers, andthecompany’s goalwastogrowthat The company hashiredateam of10software abroadtoopenane ctions causefirms toincreasetheiroffshore willlargelyendupbe significant opportunityforgrowthinthisnew “[t]heworldcompetes thetransfer leader’sinability to hose companies would providegoodsand Proclamation willterminate at theendof d plannedtousetheL-visaprogram to rred from enteringtheUnitedStates, C was understandablydelayedasa OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR , forexample, acompanyneeds creased growthelsewhere. For the Proclamation expires,that supra, at2. enter the UnitedStates, w production line, the ing filledoverseas. inesses. Althoughthe for globaltalent.Lost I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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their international talent now again. knows iforwhentheProclamation’s barwillever interests beenupended,butbusinessescannotenga through atleastDecember31,2020.Ex.A,§1. 57 56 55 twitter.com/TravelGov/status/1285567720910618624. Dep’t ofState,Bureau the Proclamation. The Proclamation's restrictions a validvisaonJune24,2020,andy @TravelGov account states that“A December 31,2020.For example, aStateDepart 54 53 restrictive policies of the last three years,culmin long runimplications.” administration’s executive orderswilllikelyhave “[t]he continuedreductionofopportunitie depend ontheaccess totalent that that have functionedfordecades.This drastically predict.” highly skilledrolestoCanada,executivesandimmigrationadvisersonbothsidesoftheborder Administration’s “restrictions onvisas for fore Financial Times (June26,2020),perma.cc/MP7G-ZSKB. expire onDec. 31,2020,unlessextendedbythe President.”). twitter.com/TravelGov/status/1285565730679816194 (“The Pr Consular Affairs(@TravelGov), Twitter (July 21,2020), Coronavirus Outbreak Risk totheUnitedStatesLaborMarketDu go toTorontoandhirepeoplethereworkquiteeffectively.” Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page32of63 Peri& Sparber, Edgecliffe-Johnson, Andrew TheStateDepartment hasrepeatedly undersco Id. See Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page30of43 54 128. 127. 126.

Proclamation 10014ofApril22,2020, 55 As oneFortune100CEOputit,“[t]hismay Leading economists havethusexplained, In all,theProclamationconstitutesa America’s losswillbeothercountries’ gai supra, at2. , 85Fed.Reg.23,441(Apr.22,2020). 57 This policyisespeciallydestru ConsularAffairs(@Travel lack anyassurance ofwhen suchaccess willbecome possible U.S. CompaniesSayVisa RulesAreJobsBoonforCanada these visa categoriesprovide. n approvedpetitionis ER ou werenotpresentintheUS 0987 ring theEconomicRecoveryFollowing2019 Novel - 29 Suspension ofEntryImmigrantsWhoPresenta s for legal immigration produced by this s forlegalimmigration producedbythis ign workerswillencourage companies tomove expireonDec. 31,2020,unlessextended.” U.S. nopositive short-run effects butwillrisk dire ating withthehaltofH-1Bprocessinginthis 53 ge inanyprospective upsets settledrelianceinterests,as businesses ment Tweetissued on July 21,2020,bythe red thattheProclamatio Not onlyhavecompanies’ existingreliance belifted. Companies massive upheavalof See also be aCanadianJobsCreationAct.Youcan not avalidUS visa.Ifyoudidnothave n. “Rather thanprotect U.S.jobs,”the in responsetotheProclamation,that ctive in light of COVID-19: “The ctive inlightofCOVID-19: Gov), Twitter(July21,2020), oclamation’s restrict C 56 U.S. Dep’t ofState,Bureau U.S.Dep’t OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR

on thatdate,youaresubjectto planning, becausenoone immigration programs immigration programs that requireaccessto n may notexpireon I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY ions aresetto R ELIEF

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economic recovery.” latest Executive Order,willdeprive theUSof 58 members. Inthisway,aninjunctionwouldredre resume. Accordingly, if the Proclamation isenjoin the Nation. Proclamation isthusdirectly causing aloss of U. percentage ofitsstaffmembers, andtheremaining staffhavetakenlargepaycuts.The actually willbelifted and theprograms willgoforward. participants areundersta currently workingtoattractparticipants fornextyearafterthebansupposedlyends,butpotential by theProclamation. which—summer worktravel,aupair by thebanscontainedinProclamation. Intr functions. companies from arrangingforglobaltalenttoen This delaycreatesyetmoreuncertaintyforbus create verysubstantial delay if andwhenthetravel entryimplemented bytheProclamation lifts. the Department of Stateiscreating a massive backl Proclamation. Bysuspendingthepr members of the Plaintiff associations separate Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page33of63

Id Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page31of43 . 133. 132. 131. 130. 129. If theProclamation is enjoined,Intrax As aresultoftheProclamation, Intrax The inabilitytoplanfor the future isca Plaintiff Intrax,whichisa The Department ofState’ssuspension 58

ndably unwillingtosignupwithoutassurancesthattheProclamation ocessing and issuance of H-1B,H-2B,L-1,andJ-1visasnow, ER , intern,trainee,andcampcounselor—areentirelyshutdown 0988 member of Plaintiff U.S. Ch U.S. Plaintiff of member - 30 inesses, guttingadvance ss theharm thattheProclamation isinflicting on and in additiontotheentry bar issued in the skills andtalents that wouldhavehelpedthe S. jobsatIntraxand ax operatessixexchangeprograms, fiveof og of visa petitions. Theneteffect willbeto ed, Intraxwouldpromptly rehirethesestaff ter theUnitedStates has alreadyhadtofurloughasignificant ’s currently-shuttered programs would ’s currently-shutteredprograms would using Intraxenormous visaprocessingis C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR amber, isdirectly harmed other J-1 sponsors across other J-1sponsorsacross planning, andprecluding to perform important I D causingharm to NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY harm. Intraxis R ELIEF

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contributions oftheseforeignemployees. Wit Many small businessesaredependentupontheirH-2Bworkers,relyingontheinvaluable of sufficientdomestic laboravailable, asconf U.S. jobs. these small companies willonlyexacerbate current unemployment rates. Proclamation. being forcedtosuspendoperationsandfurlough virtue oftheentrybar. Manycompanies,incl many ofthesecompanies haveseentheirbusin Plaintiff associations—operate J-1culturalex Proclamation inplacecausesyetmore, irreparableeconomic injurytothecompany. Intrax. ForIntrax—anditsemployees—time isoftheessence,aseverydaythatelapseswith workers availabletofillopenpos association, haslonghired H-2Bemployeesb entry intothe UnitedStates willthuscostAmerican citizensjobs. diminish operationsorgooutofbusinessentirely.TheProclamation’s restrictionsonH-2B’s unable tofillitslaborne the Proclamationwouldredressth positions iscausingthe company substantialand is vastlyinsufficient domestic labor filling anumber of openjobs.Theinabilitytofill these open Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page34of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page32of43 137. 136. 135. 134. 138. H-2B workers, meanwhile, undertakejobs H-2B workers,meanwhile, Enjoining theProclamation wouldhavethe For operators of J-1programs, theProclamation isanexistential crisis. Lossof Intrax isfarfromalone.Manysmall As justoneexample, landscapingbusiness,whichisamember ofaPlaintiff a eds viaH-2Bworkers.And,aslongb e substantialharm presently itions. Currently,becauseofth ER 0989 - 31 hout H-2Bworkers,many small companies would esses substantially—ifnotentirely—shutdownby change programs. BecauseoftheProclamation, uding members ofthePlai irmed byarigorouslabor ecause therehavenotbeen sufficientdomestic irreparable economic harm. Anorderenjoining or layoffstaffasadirectresultofthe businesses—including members ofthe in circumstances wherethereisalack immediate, short-term effectofsaving being sufferedbythiscompany. een thecaseforth C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR e Proclamation, thisbusinessis ntiff associations,are certification process. I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY is business,there R ELIEF

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treaty orcontractual obligation. tomeet working onbehalfoftheU.S.government, waivers areavailable only forthoseworkingto impacted visacategories. Forexample,astoH-1Bvisas,StateDepartment guidanceassertsthat furlough, anditwouldreversethepa Proclamation isenjoined, Intrax’s programs w remaining employeeshave takensignificant pay cu notwithstanding theseexceptions,Intraxhasfu Intrax’s programs havebeenentirelyshuttere Plaintiff associations. Ex. A,§3(b).Thisdoes notcuretheirrepa 60 perma.cc/9MYA-2SNR. 59 an L-1visa. accounts foronlyasmall fractionof 19 pandemic thatmay beasecondaryeffectofthepandemic.” substantial public health benefit. This includes pandemic, ortoconduc the effectsofCOVID-19 be available asapublichealthorh for“[t]ravel harm onnumerous businesseswhoareme United StatespursuanttoanH-1Bvisasubject During theEconomic RecoveryFollowingthe the EntryofImmigrants andNonimmigrants PresentingaRisktotheUnited States LaborMarket Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page35of63 U.S.Dep’tofState, ExceptionstoPresidentialProclamations Id Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page33of43 . 141. 140. 139. 142. Any waivers,moreover, failto accountforthefullrangeofindividualsin Notwithstanding thetheoretical existence of national interest waivers, five of The Proclamation purportstoprovideadisc 1. Similarly, for L-1visas,theStateDepart

National Interest Exceptions 59 This leaves the vastmajority ER individualswhowouldotherwis y cutstoremaining staff. 0990 mbers ofthePlaintiffassociations. - 32 d, causingenormous injurytothecompany.And, rable harms facedbyIntraxandmembers ofthe 2019 NovelCoronavirus Outbreak(July17,2020), those traveling toallevi ould resume,itsstaffwouldberemoved from ealthcare professional,orresearchertoalleviate to theProclamation, thusinflictingsubstantial alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic, orthose alleviatetheCOVID-19 rloughed asubstantialpo U.S. foreign policyobjectives,ortosatisfya U.S. foreign t ongoingmedical researchinanareawitha ts, and itfaces grave fiscal harm. Ifthe ment guidanceasserts that awaivermay retionary “national interest” exception. C 60 OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ofthosewhowouldenterthe Once more,thisnarrowwaiver (10014&10052)Suspending e entertheUnitedStatesvia ate effectsoftheCOVID- I D rtion ofitsstaff, NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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ProPublica (July17,2020) , perma.cc/2QDW-ZENU. 62 HomelandKen/status/1275201179920760839. 61 the Proclamation foraparticularemployee doesnot ultimately dependent ontheunknown resultofale hospitalized,” orrelatedresearch,shouldbeex provision ofmedical caretoi new edict, one applicanttothenext,andfrom case adjudicationofexceptionslikelywouldbeinefficient andadministered inconsistently from unknown. Giventhevolume ofdisruptionshappeni potential forreconsiderationofanadversedeci applying, the standardunder whichapplications w which isvagueandlacksanycontenttoguide the Proclamation iscurrently inflicting Proclamatifundamental purpose and effectofthe serious andirreparableharm. Thenarrowna “[u]nprecedented.” with related measures) willimp historic hiringpractices. alleviate the harm imposedonAmerican businesses bythe intentional disruption of settled, fundamentally alter the labormarkets, thepu Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page36of63 Dara Lind, Dara See KenCuccinelli(@HomelandKen), Twitter Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page34of43 143. 148. 147. 146. 145. 144. 62 despite theProclamation’s explicitdir Given thattheAdministration hasstatedth For thesereasons,theprospectofapplyi Businesses cannotmake necessaryhiring Indeed, H-1B Additionally, businessesareunabletopl That is,theAdministration hasrepresentedthattheProclamation, becauseit(along Hospitals Are Suddenly ShortofYoungDoctors—Because Trump’sVisaBan 61 It isthisfundamentalreworkingofthelabormarkets thatcausesplaintiffs doctors ndividuals who have contracted COVID-19 and are currently ndividuals whohavecontractedCOVID-19andare act 500,000ormorejobsthisyear oneconsularposttothenext. ER are reportedlybeingdenieden on theplaintiffsandtheirmembers. 0991 - 33 empted undertheexception.ExA,§4(a)(i). sion, andthetimeline foradecisionallremain tative exceptionstotheProclamation cannot tional interest waivers donotalleviate the on, andthustheydonotremedy theharm that ngthy, discretionary administrative process. discretionary determinations. Theprocessfor ill bereviewed,thetypeofproofrequired, ng forbusinessesacrosstheNation,acase-by- cure theharm thatthe Proclamation causes to ection thatnoncitizens“involvedwiththe (June22,2020), https://twitter.com/ ng for a“national interest” exception to at thepurposeof an theiraffairsaroundtheexception, or promotion decisionsiftheyare C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR try undertheAdministration’s , itisa“very big deal”and I D NJUNCTIVE Proclamation isto ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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graders noranyotherdependentsin visiting hissickgrandmotherinIndi worker—is nowbarredfrom retu harm theProclamation inflictsonplaintiffsandtheirmembers. associations, thestated exception is categorically disrupt hiringpractices ofmany American busin Proclamation onbusinessthatmust planfortheirworkforceneeds. companies’ businessplanning.Theexceptionthusdoesnotresolvethedifficultiesimposed bythe America’s Reputation 65 64 authorization. Likewise, juveniles whoenterthe UnitedStates vi Immigrant Petitionfor Alien Work 63 domestic workers.Rather,theyincreasec all. these dependents,whoareintheH-4,J-2,andL-2vi their dependents: “anyalienaccompanying orfollowingtojoinsuchalien.” Ex.A,§2.Manyof addresses. Proclamation failstoaccountforwhyitissubsta authorized towork,andthus cannot possibility ofawaiversufficient tosolvetheharms oftheProclamation. Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page37of63 Theexistence ofpotentialwa For example, onlythoseH-4spouseswhoseH-1Bspouse has anapprovedFormI-140, 63 See Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page35of43 These individuals,accordingly, cannothave 152. 150. E. 149. 151. ex post Catherine Rampell,

render the A seven-year-oldboy,forexample—the The Proclamation isvastlyoverbroad because Ultimately, giventhattheProclamation isspecifically designed tofundamentally The entrybanappliesnotonlytoH-1B,H-2B A S T EVERAL EVERAL HE CCOUNT OF CCOUNT P , Wash.Post(June29,2020), perma.cc/D5QS-7ANC. ROCLAMATION IS C Proclamation RITICAL E Opinion: Trump’sVisa SuspensionsMayPermanently Damage cannot haveanymeaningful imp SSENTIAL ivers—which appearatodds with rning toTexasforsecondgrad A ER eligible for workauthorization canlogically “pose[] ariskof ers, iseligible for anempl SPECTS OF THE OF THE SPECTS a whentheProclamation wasissued. lawful.Nor,forreasons wehavedescribed,isthemere E 0992 A onsumer demand, indirectlyloweringunemployment. VIDENCE RBITRARY AND RBITRARY - 34 unabletoremedy thesubstantialandimmediate ntially more broadthantheproblemitallegedly esses, includingmany members ofthePlaintiff a H-4,J-2,andL-2visasareineligibleforwork

anyimpact on theunemployment rateof P sa categories,arenotau ROBLEM AT dependent ofaskillednonimmigrant C itappliestoindi APRICIOUS , J,andL-1visa-holders,butalsoto C act onunemployment rates.The oyment authorizationdocument. OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR thetextof theProclamation— e because he happened to be e becausehehappenedtobe I SSUE , IT , ANDIT F viduals whoarenot thorized toworkat AILS I D 65 NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY Nihr second- Neither F AILS TO T O A R DDRESS DDRESS ELIEF T AKE AKE 64

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January 2020,ithaddroppedto2.8%in period oftime. While theunemp perma.cc/A9GM-ABJZ. May 2020(thelatestavailablenumbers individuals onimpacted visacategorieswork. a resultofCOVID-19donotsignificantlyoverlapwiththe Reg. at38,263. displacing anddisadvantagingUnit total petitionsapproved was 66.1percent computer-related occupations wasthe largest occ 69 Occupations (June2020),perma.cc/P7JB-NFBQ. 68 Anderson, UnemploymentRateForComputer OccupationsFell InMay OccupationsFellInMay For Computer Occupations 67 66 job openingsforcomputer-related occupatio unemployed workersinthiscoun unemployed workersin suchoccupations make uplessthan1.5%ofthe18million total visa categorycouldnotbereplacedbydomestic management occupations.Moreover,themanagers andexecutivesbeingtransferredviatheL-1A Again, ofthe18million currently unemployed wo 4.8%, accounting foraminiscule fractionofth U.S.C. §1101(a)(15)(L)),andunemployment in“[ Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page38of63 USCIS, Nat’lFoundationfor American Policy, Nat’lFoundationforAmerican Policy, U.S.BureauofLaborStatistics, Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page36of43 155. 156. 154. 153. 157. Characteristics ofH-1B Sp (June 2020),perma.cc/P7JB-NFBQ. The Mayjobsreport,however,show Almost two-thirdsofH-1Bsworkincomputer occupations. The BureauofLaborStatistics(BLS)cal Moreover, theareasofeconomy that have sufferedtheworstunemployment as L-1A visa-holdersbydefinitionworkin try. Andcompanies arestillpos ed Statesworkersduring thecu loyment rateincomputer-rel ER The EmploymentSituation—May2020 when theProclamation issued)as13.3%. 0993 in FY2019.”),perma.cc/LFN7-DY95. , Forbes(June11,2020),perma.cc/JRX9-BJ79; Stuart ecialty Occupation Workers Updated AnalysisofEmploy Updated AnalysisofEmploy ns, evenintheteethofpandemic. - 35 April2020,and2.5%inMay2020. upational categoryin2019 workerswithoutknowledgeandexpertisewith e Nation’soverall11.2%unemployment rate. See also m]anagement occupations” ed thattheunemployment rate rkers, only about5%ofthemworkin “managerial” or“executive” positions (8 culated theoverallunemployment ratein Stuart Anderson,UnemploymentRate C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ated professionswas3.0%in rrent recovery.”Ex.A,85Fed. ting hundredsofthousands occupations in which many occupations inwhichmany , perma.cc/2NU6-FNRQ. 11(“Thecategoryof ment DataforComputer ment DataforComputer 69

and 2018;itsshareof 1(June5,2020), I D currently standsat NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY 66 68

fell during this 67 R Indeed, ELIEF

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employees thatitemploys. Hotelstoohavesi customer experiences and purchasing decisions; thrivingretailiscrucialfortheservice-oriented technology isoftenwhatdrives impacted byCOVID-19.Today,virt workers play avitalrole inhelping maintain jo question. predates theCOVID-19crisis. across occupations,includingthosemost rely oncomputer-relatedprofessionsandother workers—inure tothebenefitofallemployees stays, providenewoptionsforservices,andre the products, services, organization, methods, or purportedly justifiedby the COVID-19pandemic, “w Administration’s April22,2020proclamation susp conference callwiththe Part ofBroaderPlan,Stephen MillerSays 72 perma.cc/LNR6-L5ST. opposition nowhastoexplainwhy itisinthena needed atall.Fromgoingsuddenly from apositionofhavingtodisprovethestatusquo, . shiftstheburdenofproof Stein 71 immigration program. Noexceptions.”),perma.cc/6Z7M-WH46. and institute anabsolute requirement tohire from then-CandidateTrump: “Iwillendforeve Program HeUsedforHis OwnModels for Americans.”), perma.cc/HUY3-QH2R; RonNixon, years tolimit oreliminate the[H-1B] workervisa Miller, theWhiteHouseaideand architect Thousands ofForeignerstoWorkintheU.S. 70 for preexisting(andextra-stat described as“temporary,” butthatareinfact immigration. Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page39of63

See, e.g. See, e.g. See, e.g. Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page37of43 57 (August1994)(commentsofDanStein,now th 158. 159. 160. , , MichaelD.Shear&Maggie Haberman, , Michael D.Shear&MiriamJordan, 71 Federation forAmerican I

“Service occupations”havebeenhard The currentAdministration’s desireto Accordingly, theProclamation’s invocati president’s supporters,” inwhichSt onto theopposition, theproponents ofimmigration, toprove whyit’s utory) policypreferences. 70 Andcertainorganiza growth. Retailersuseinnovativete ER ually allcompaniesfeatureate mmigration Reform (FAIR), , N.Y.Times (Aug.16,2016)(reporting 2016statement adverselyimpacted byCOVID-19. 0994 , N.Y. Times (Apr. 24,2020)(reporting“aprivate (Apr. , N.Y.Times - 36 , N.Y. Times (June 22,2020)(notingthat“Stephen , N.Y.Times of Mr.Trump’s immigration policy,haspushed for gnificant technologyfuncti r theuseofH-1Basacheaplabor program, tain customer loyalty.Thesetain customer operations—which bs in service occupations and other professions bs inserviceoccupationsandotherprofessions American workersfirst for every visaand s, arguingthattheyharm employment prospects Trump SuspendsVisasAllowingHundredsof intended toresultinpermanent cutsto researchofthemultinational company in tional interest tokeepimmigrationgoing.”), tions havelongurged theimposition ofbans est hitbythepandemic.Butnonimmigrant Trump’s TemporaryHalt toImmigrationIs as onlyafirst step intheadministration’s 72 ending entryonimmigrant visas,also suspend temporary foreignworkerslong e presidentofFAIR,thata“moratorium . pandemic ispretext on oftheCOVID-19

Donald TrumpWantstoCutVisa C ephen Miller“ple OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR chnology component, andthat chnologies to Oral HistoryProject:Daniel ons, toenhanceguest I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY dged” thatthe better improve R ELIEF

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2B, L-1,andJ-1visascannotbe 73 strategy ispartofalong-ter according toprivate Dawsey, longer-term goalofshrinkingle demonstrate whythoseprotections protections incorporated inthevisa categories, includingtheregulatory Complaint. aspectsofth and itfailstoaccountforimportant conduct lackslegaljustification,it Department ofState—tosuspendtheprocessingorissuancevi of aliens as immigrants ornonimmigrants.” authority. Section 212(f) authorizes thePresident to the Nationasawhole.TheProclamation doesnot proving thattemporary foreignworkerscreatene hand. Forexample, theProclamation doesnotaddr the Proclamation. States. domestic workersbecause oftheinabilityfornonimmigrant visaholderstoentertheUnited consider theimplications ithasonU.S.companie not considertheimpact tothenation’spubl nonimmigrant visasystem forboththemselves a accepted jobs withcompanies in theUnited States, and whoarerelianton anoperational operations. Nordoesitaccountfo that companies haveplaced when choosingwhere Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page40of63 8U.S.C. §1182(f). Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page38of43 161. 162. 163. Stephen Millerhaslong-term visionforTrump’s‘temporary’ The Department ofState’ssuspensiontheissuanceandprocessingH-1B,H- The Proclamation fails to explain howit The Proclamation doesnotaccount forseveral very seriousaspectsof theissueat call withsupporters m visionandnotseenonlyasastopgap.”), perma.cc/NJ2E-JJGN. gal immigration”), perma.cc/C5 justified bytheProclamation or conflictswithfederallawoblig areinsufficienttoaddressth ER r therelianceinterestsofi 0995 , Wash.Post(Apr.24,2020) (“ - 37 73 ic diplomacy goals.The Proclamation doesnot nd theirfamilymembers. TheProclamation does It doesnotauthorizetheExecutive—or t newjobs,contributingtoeconomicgrowthof account for thesubstantial relianceinterests ess thebroadresearchandeconomic studies s thathavebeenforcedtofireorfurlough “suspendtheentryof e issue, including thoseidentified inthis to sitetheirfacilitie is consistentwiththerobust labor C ndividual employees, whohave OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR SG-LT9L; NickMiroff & Josh e problemallegedlymotivating sas. TheDepartment ofState’s the Executive’s Section 212(f) ating theproces Miller indicatedthatthe structure. Nor does it structure. Nordoesit all aliens or anyclass s and structure their s andstructuretheir immigration order, immigration order, I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY sing ofvisas, R ELIEF

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its statedpurposeofaddressing thetemporary issuance orprocessingof visas. non-citizens intotheUnitedStates exceeds thescopeofSection212(f), whichauthori for visasin thecategories at issue, includ Defendant departments andsecretariestorefuse flexible authority tosuspend entry 957 F.3d1050,1067(9thCir.2020); not “nullify[]Congress’sc calibrate thelabormarket protectionsinconnect and 215(a)oftheINA(8U.S.C.§§1182(f),1185(a)). forth herein. at issue.The INAdoesnotauthorize th domestic economic policy problem, butCongresshas INA.”). 878 F.3d662,685(9thCir.2017), that §1182(f)doesnotallowthe effectively rewritten provisions of the INA.”); 957 F.3dat1067(proclamation atissue“rais[es]seri Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page41of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page39of43 169. 168. 166. 165. 164. 167. The entrybancontained intheProclamation The Proclamation further exceedsthescopeofSection212(f)becauseitdirects The Proclamation is inconsistentwithdul The Proclamation isinexcessofthePr Plaintiffs incorporateandre-allegetheforegoingpara The Proclamation suspendstheentry of theExecutiveBranch(UltraViresConduct The ProclamationExceedstheAuthority onsidered judgments onmatters ofimmigration.” . Section 212(f)does notauthori based onforeignpolicyinterests”). rev’d onothergrounds CLAIMS FOR RELIEF RELIEF CLAIMS FOR ER President toexpresslyoverride cf. Hawaii e President to entersuchanorder. 0996 COUNT I COUNT I L-2, J-1, and J-2. This ing H-1B,H-2B,H-4,L-1,L-2,J-1,andJ-2.This - 38 cf. Hawaii ion withnonimmigrant visas.ThePresidentmay , 138S.Ct.at2415(discu spike inU.S.-workerunemployment causedby issue,process,receive,oradjudicate requests zes the President solelytosuspend entryof ous questionsastowh already struckthepolic esident’s authorityunderSections212(f) of noncitizensinresponsetoapurely y enactedstatutes,includingthosethat , 138S.Ct.at2411(“We mayassume , 138S.Ct.2392(2018); is notplausiblyorrationally relatedto C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR ze thePresidenttosuspend particular provisionsofthe graphs as though fully set graphs asthoughfullyset ether thePresidenthas See Doe#1v.Trump ssing “thePresident’s y balanceinthearea I D NJUNCTIVE Hawaii v.Trump ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY see Doe#1 R ELIEF

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Exceptional ChildCtr., Inc.,135S.Ct.1378,1384 (2015)); injunctive relief against’ federal offici 2019) (“TheSupreme Courthas‘lo excess oftheirlawfulauthority. Almendarez-Torres v.UnitedStates only theconclusionthatitis 1347, 1355(9thCir.2014)(“[A]‘statutemust beconstr 1090-1091 (9th Cir. 2018) (acknowledging freestandingcause ofacti 1090-1091 (9thCir.2018) (acknowledging doubts otherwiseraisedbythenon-delegationdoctrine. the President’s ability toimpose theProclamati thus cannotconferlawfulaut Section 212(f) effectsan such limits onthescope ofExecutive 2116 (2019); President in Section212(f) isconstitutional. accompanied byrational “find[ings]”—ensureth Congress hasaddressedtheissue, may Section212(f)inresponsetoapur notuse the Executive may notuse Section 212(f) to invalidate duly enacted statutes, thatthe Executive reflect arational fit between theproblem identified andtheaction taken. reliance interests,itdoesnotconsiderevidence not takeaccountofseveralcruc U.S.C. §1182(f)).TheProclamation failsthis entry of”theaffectednoncitizens“wouldbedetrim suspension ofentry( COVID-19, asrequiredbylaw.Indeed,Section

Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page42of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page40of43 171. 170. id. The Courthasinherentequitablepowerto The foregoing limitations tothescope of thePresident’s authority—including that at 2131-2148(Gorsuch,J.,dissenting).If,by Hawaii unconstitutional delegation of “the Legislative Power”in Article I, and , 138S.Ct.at2408),thatthePres hority uponthePresident. Properly construingthe INA aslimiting unconstitutional butalsogravedoubt ial aspectsoftheissuesathand,itdoesnotaddressimportant See, e.g., , 523U.S.224,237(1998)). ER ng heldthatfederalcourtsma andthattheExecutive’sus authority, thentheProclamation is 0997 als violatingfederallaw.”) (quoting Sierra Clubv.Trump - 39 See generally requirement because, amongotherreasons,itdoes ely domestic economic concern,especiallywhere that bearsonthejudgments made, anditdoesnot on, however,avoids the grave constitutional at authority Congresshas bestowedonthe ental totheinterestsofUnitedStates”(8 212(f) requires,asa“prerequisite”toany See, e.g. ued, iffairlypossible,soastoavoidnot enjoinactionsbyfederalofficersin

Gundy v.United States contrast,Section E.V. v.Robinson C , ident make a“find[ing]thatthe OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR United Statesv.Shill y insome circumstances grant , 929F.3d670,694(9thCir. e ofSection212(f)must be s uponthatscore.’”)(quoting on for “suitsallegingthata ultra vires because I D NJUNCTIVE 212(f) containsno ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY , 906F.3d1082, Armstrong v. , 139S.Ct. , 740F.3d R ELIEF

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(quotation marks omitted). available whenanagency acts Trudeau v.Fed.TradeComm’n federal official acted ultra viresof statutorily delegated authority” or“violated the Constitution”); used insectorswhereunemployme addressing. Among otherarbitrarya the problem—domestic unemployment causedbyCOVID-19—it ispurportedlyaimed at the suspension ofvisaprocessing) isarbitraryand including thosethatcalibratethelabormarket receipt, oradjudication of requestsor petitions for visasinthe categories at issue. because Section212(f)doesnotauthorize thePr H-4, L-1,L-2,J-1,andJ-2. Thisconstitutes final agencyaction subject to reviewunder theAPA. process, receive,oradjudicate re secretaries violates the re of procedurerequiredbylaw.” accordance withlaw.”5 U.S.C.§706(2)(A). set aside”agencyactionthatis “arbitrary, capricious,an forth herein. Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page43of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page41of43 179. 178. 177. 176. 175. 174. 173. 172. Implementation oftheProclamation’s entr Implementation of the Proclamation isinconsistent with duly enacted statutes, This implementation of theProclamation isinexcessof statutoryauthority In implementing the Proclamation, Defendant The implementation oftheProclamation bytheDefendantdepartments and It likewiseauthorizescourts The Administrative ProcedureAct(APA)em Plaintiffs incorporateandre-allegetheforegoingpara Violation oftheAdministrativeProcedureAct quirements oftheAPA. Id , 456F.3d178,189-190(D.C.Cir.2006) quests forvisasinthecategories . §706(2)(D). ultra vires,evenifastatutorycauseofactionislacking.”) nt ishigh; (b) are issued tofamily members wholack work ER nd capriciousaspects,visa cate 0998 COUNT II COUNT II tosetasideagencyaction - 40 protections inconnection

capricious because itisnotrationallyrelated to esident to suspendtheissuance,processing, abuseofdiscretion,orotherwisenotin y ban(andrelatedprovisions,including powers courtsto“holdunlawfuland departments haverefusedtoissue, C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR at issue,includingH-1B,H-2B, gories inquestion(a)are not that is “without observance that is“withoutobservance graphs as though fully set graphs asthoughfullyset to nonimmigrant visas. (“[J]udicialreviewis I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF

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quo ante.See, e.g. and thattheCourt: nonimmigrant visaprograms in work atU.S. facilities, andthat individual resources in relianceon their entering theUnitedStatesonnonimmigrantvisas, unemployment ratesdonotcorrespondtotheocc workers increase netemployment, thatthe j Proclamation noritsimplementatio important considerations thatare necessarily part Dep’t ofHomelandSec.v.Re light oftheDepartment’s changeinposition aside agencyactionbecauseit“was issuedwithout without reasonedexplanationthe WHEREFORE,Plaintiffsrespectfullyrequest authorization entirely; or(c)result inthenet creation of jobsfor domestic workers. Mfrs. Ass’nofU.S.,Inc.v.State a rationalconnectionbetweenthefacts whether thegovernment has“articulated‘asatisf Dep’t ofCommercev.NewYork Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page44of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page42of43 (b) (a) 181. 180.

provisions oftheProclamation; enjoin Defendantsfrom implementing, enfo Executive Branch’s lawfulauthority; issue adeclaratoryjudgment establishing thattheProclamation isinexcess of the Implementation oftheProclamation failsto Implementation of theProclamation reflects , Encino Motorcars, LLCv.Navarro gents oftheUniv.Cal. ability to hireglobal talent a structuringtheirlives. Farm Mut.AutomobileIns.Co. , 139S.Ct.2551,2569(2019)(APA substantial economic andotherre n addressestherobustevidence PRAYER FOR RELIEF RELIEF PRAYER FOR ER 0999 found andthechoicemade.’”) (quoting - 41 employees andtheir families have reliedon and thesignificantrelian

oftheissueaddressed.For example, neitherthe actory explanation’for[its]decision,‘including ob occupationscurrentlyexperiencinghigh thereasonedexplanationthatwasrequiredin upations most frequentlyperformed bythose that companieshaveinvestedconsiderable that theCourtenterj , 140S.Ct.1891,1913(2020)(same). , 136S.Ct.2117,2126(2016)(setting rcing, orotherwisecarrying outthe takeintoaccountseveralcritically nd move employeesfrom abroadto a changeinpositionthatdisregards C , 463U.S.29,43(1983)). OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR thatnonimmigrant temporary liance interestsinthestatus review entailsdeterminingreview ce interestsinvolved”); udgment intheirfavor, I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY Motor Vehicle See, e.g. R ELIEF

, MCDERMOTT WILL & EMERY LLP ATTORNEYS AT LAW MENLO PARK 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

AE: uy2,22 B: By: July21,2020 DATED: WILL&EMERYLLP MCDERMOTT of theUnitedStatesAmerica Counsel fortheChamber ofCommerce (202) 463-5337 Washington, DC20062 1615 HStreetNW Michael B.Schon(ProHacVicetobefiled Steven P.Lehotsky( LITI U.S. CHAMBER Counsel fortheNationalAssociationofManufacturers (202) 637-3000 Washington, DC20001 733 10thStreetNW, Suite700 Erica T.Klenicki( Patrick D.Hedren( Linda E.Kelly( CENTER MANUFACTURERS’ Attorneys Paul forW. Hughes ( Case: 20-17132,11/20/2020,ID:11901254,DktEntry:22-6,Page45of63 Case 3:20-cv-04887Document1Filed07/21/20Page43of (e) (d) (c)

proper. award Plaintiffssuchotherandfurther award Plaintiffs reasonableattorney’s feesandcosts; Proclamation; vacate andsetaside the Proclamation andanyactionstaken toimplement the Pro Hac Vicetobefiled Pro HacVicetobe filed Pro HacVicetobefiled Pro HacVicetobefiled GATION CENTER FORLEGALACTION ER ) 1000 ) ) ) ) - 42 (650) 815-7400 Menlo Park,CA94025 275 Middlefield Road,Suite 100 [email protected] William G. Gaede,III (136184) (202) 756-8000 Washington, DC20001 500 NorthCapitolStreetNW [email protected] filed Michael B.Kimberly ( [email protected] ) relief astheCourtmay justand deem /s/ William G.Gaede,III C OMPLAINT FOR OMPLAINT FOR Plaintiffs Pro HacVicetobe filed Pro HacVicetobe I D NJUNCTIVE ECLARATORY AND AND ECLARATORY R ELIEF )

11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 46 of 63 ADRMOP,APPEAL,STAYED

U.S. District Court California Northern District (Oakland) CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 4:20-cv-04887-JSW

National Association of Manufacturers et al v. United States Date Filed: 07/21/2020 Department of Homeland Security et al Jury Demand: None Assigned to: Judge Jeffrey S. White Nature of Suit: 899 Other Statutes: Case in other court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Administrative Procedures Act/Review or Circu, 20-17132 Appeal of Agency Decision Cause: 05:551 Administrative Procedure Act Jurisdiction: U.S. Government Defendant Plaintiff National Association of Manufacturers represented by Michael B Kimberly McDermott Will Emery LLP 500 North Capitol Street NW Washington, DC 20001 United Sta 202-756-8901 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Paul W. Hughes , III McDermott Will and Emery LLP 500 North Capitol Street NW Washington, DC 20001 United Sta (202) 756-8981 Fax: (202) 756-8087 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Sarah P. Hogarth McDermott Will and Emery LLP 500 North Capitol Street NW Washington, DC 20001 United Sta (202) 756-8354 Fax: (202) 756-8087 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

William G. Gaede , III McDermott Will & Emery LLP 415 Mission Street, Suite 5600 San Francisco, CA 94105-2533 (650) 815-7435 https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1001 1/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 47 of 63 Email: [email protected] ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Plaintiff Chamber of Commerce of the United represented by Michael B Kimberly States of America (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Paul W. Hughes , III (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Sarah P. Hogarth (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

William G. Gaede , III (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Plaintiff National Retail Federation represented by Michael B Kimberly (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Paul W. Hughes , III (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Sarah P. Hogarth (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

William G. Gaede , III (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Plaintiff Technet represented by Michael B Kimberly (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Paul W. Hughes , III (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1002 2/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 48 of 63

Sarah P. Hogarth (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

William G. Gaede , III (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Plaintiff Intrax, Inc. represented by Michael B Kimberly (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Paul W. Hughes , III (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Sarah P. Hogarth (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

William G. Gaede , III (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

V.

Defendant United States Department of Homeland represented by Glenn M. Girdharry Security United States Department of Justice Civil Division 950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Room 3141 Washington, DC 20530 (202) 514-3301 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Joshua Samuel Press United States Department of Justice Civil Division - OIL P.O. Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-305-0106 Fax: 202-305-7000 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1003 3/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 49 of 63 ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Aaron Steven Goldsmith U.S. Department of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation, District Court Section 450 5th Street, NW Washington, DC 20530-0001 202-532-4107 Fax: 202-305-7000 Email: [email protected] ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Defendant United States Department of State represented by Glenn M. Girdharry (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Joshua Samuel Press (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Aaron Steven Goldsmith (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Defendant Chad F. Wolf represented by Glenn M. Girdharry in his official capacity as Acting Secretary (See above for address) of Homeland Security LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Joshua Samuel Press (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Aaron Steven Goldsmith (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Defendant Michael R. Pompeo represented by Glenn M. Girdharry in his official capacity as Secretary of State (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Joshua Samuel Press (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1004 4/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 50 of 63

Aaron Steven Goldsmith (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

V.

Movant Amici Curiae Additional Companies represented by Carl Walter Hampe Fragomen 1101 15th Street NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20005 202-349-2174 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Daniel Paul Pierce Fragomen 1101 15th Street NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20005 202-349-2181 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Waleed Abderahman Salaheldin Fragomen, Del Rey, Bernsen and Loewy, LLP 2121 Tasman Dr. Santa Clara, CA 95054 United Sta 4089190600 Fax: 4082350615 Email: [email protected] ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Amicus Amicus Curiae Immigration Law represented by Camron Dowlatshahi Professors Loeb & Loeb LLP 10100 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 2200 Los Angeles, CA 90067 310-282-2000 Fax: 310-282-2200 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Neil Gerard Nandi Loeb & Loeb LLP 321 N Clark St https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1005 5/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 51 of 63 Ste 2300 Chicago, IL 60654 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Peter Simon Margulies Roger Williams University School of Law 10 Metacom Avenue Bristol, RI 02806 401-258-6086 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Laura K. McNally Grippo & Elden LLC 111 South Wacker Drive Chicago, IL 60606 312-704-7700 Fax: 312-558-1195 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Shoba Wadhia Penn State Law 329 Innovation Blvd Suite 118 University Park, PA 16802 814-865-3823 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Amicus Amici Curiae Leading Companies and represented by David Ari Schnitzer , Business Organizations Gibson Dunn Crutcher LLP 1050 Connecticut Ave Nw Ste 300 Washington, DC 20036-5303 (202) 887-3775 Fax: Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Ethan D. Dettmer Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP 555 Mission Street Suite 3000 https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1006 6/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 52 of 63 San Francisco, CA 94105 415-393-8200 Fax: 415-986-5309 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Stuart F. Delery Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher LLP 1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20036 (202) 887-3650 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Amicus Society for Human Resource represented by Steven Jeffrey Malm Management Seyfarth Shaw LLP 601 South Figueroa Street Suite 3300 Los Angeles, CA 90017 2132709600 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Leon Rodriguez Seyfarth Shaw LLP 975 F Street NW Washington, DC 20004 202-463-2400 Email: [email protected] PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Amicus U.S. Tech Workers represented by Lawrence John Joseph Law Office of Lawrence J. Joseph 1250 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 700- 1A Washington, DC 20036 (202) 355-9452 Fax: (202) 318-2254 Email: [email protected] LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED Amicus WORLDWIDE EMPLOYEE represented by Waleed Abderahman Salaheldin RELOCATION COUNCIL (See above for address)

https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1007 7/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 53 of 63 LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Date Filed # Docket Text 07/21/2020 1 COMPLAINT for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief [Filing Receipt # 0971-14717573] against All Defendants. Filed byNational Retail Federation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, Technet, Intrax, Inc.. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet)(Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 2 Proposed Summons. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 3 NOTICE of Appearance by William G. Gaede, III (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 4 Corporate Disclosure Statement by National Association of Manufacturers (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 5 Corporate Disclosure Statement by Technet (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 6 Corporate Disclosure Statement by National Retail Federation (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 7 Corporate Disclosure Statement by Intrax, Inc. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 8 Corporate Disclosure Statement by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 9 Certificate of Interested Entities by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/21/2020) (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/21/2020 10 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice re: Paul Hughes ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14719350.) filed by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Proposed Order)(Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 7/21/2020) Modified on 7/23/2020 (ajsS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 07/21/2020) 07/22/2020 11 Case assigned to Magistrate Judge Kandis A. Westmore.

Counsel for plaintiff or the removing party is responsible for serving the Complaint or Notice of Removal, Summons and the assigned judge's standing orders and all other new case documents upon the opposing parties. For information, visit E-Filing A New Civil Case at http://cand.uscourts.gov/ecf/caseopening.

Standing orders can be downloaded from the court's web page at www.cand.uscourts.gov/judges. Upon receipt, the summons will be issued and returned electronically. Counsel is required to send chambers a copy of the initiating documents pursuant to L.R. 5-1(e)(7). A scheduling order will be sent by Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) within two business days. Consent/Declination due by 8/5/2020. (mbcS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/22/2020) (Entered: 07/22/2020) 07/23/2020 12 Initial Case Management Scheduling Order with ADR Deadlines: Case Management Statement due by 10/13/2020. Initial Case Management Conference set https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1008 8/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 54 of 63 for 10/20/2020 01:30 PM. (ajsS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/23/2020) (Entered: 07/23/2020) 07/23/2020 13 Summons Issued as to Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (ajsS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/23/2020) (Entered: 07/23/2020) 07/23/2020 14 CONSENT/DECLINATION to Proceed Before a US Magistrate Judge by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet.. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/23/2020) (Entered: 07/23/2020) 07/23/2020 15 CLERK'S NOTICE OF IMPENDING REASSIGNMENT TO A U.S. DISTRICT COURT JUDGE: The Clerk of this Court will now randomly reassign this case to a District Judge because either (1) a party has not consented to the jurisdiction of a Magistrate Judge, or (2) time is of the essence in deciding a pending judicial action for which the necessary consents to Magistrate Judge jurisdiction have not been secured. You will be informed by separate notice of the district judge to whom this case is reassigned.

ALL HEARING DATES PRESENTLY SCHEDULED BEFORE THE CURRENT MAGISTRATE JUDGE ARE VACATED AND SHOULD BE RE-NOTICED FOR HEARING BEFORE THE JUDGE TO WHOM THIS CASE IS REASSIGNED.

This is a text only docket entry; there is no document associated with this notice. (dtmS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/23/2020) (Entered: 07/23/2020) 07/24/2020 16 ORDER REASSIGNING CASE. Case reassigned using a proportionate, random, and blind system pursuant to General Order No. 44 to Judge Saundra Brown Armstrong for all further proceedings. Magistrate Judge Kandis A. Westmore no longer assigned to case, Signed by the Clerk on 7/24/2020. (anjS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/24/2020) (Entered: 07/24/2020) 07/24/2020 17 SUMMONS Returned Executed by National Retail Federation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, Technet, Intrax, Inc.. United States Department of Homeland Security served on 7/24/2020, answer due 9/22/2020. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/24/2020) (Entered: 07/24/2020) 07/24/2020 18 SUMMONS Returned Executed by National Retail Federation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, Technet, Intrax, Inc.. United States Department of State served on 7/24/2020, answer due 9/22/2020. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/24/2020) (Entered: 07/24/2020) 07/24/2020 19 SUMMONS Returned Executed by National Retail Federation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, Technet, Intrax, Inc.. Michael R. Pompeo served on 7/24/2020, answer due 9/22/2020. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/24/2020) (Entered: 07/24/2020) 07/24/2020 20 SUMMONS Returned Executed by National Retail Federation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, Technet, Intrax, Inc.. Chad F. Wolf served on 7/24/2020, answer due 9/22/2020. (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/24/2020) (Entered: 07/24/2020) 07/27/2020 21 ORDER OF RECUSAL. Signed by Judge Saundra Brown Armstrong on 7/27/2020. (amgS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/27/2020) (Entered: 07/27/2020) 07/27/2020 22 ORDER REASSIGNING CASE. Case reassigned using a proportionate, random, and blind system pursuant to General Order No. 44 to Judge Jeffrey S. White for all further proceedings. Judge Saundra Brown Armstrong no longer assigned to case, https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1009 9/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 55 of 63 Notice: The assigned judge participates in the Cameras in the Courtroom Pilot Project. See General Order No. 65 and http://cand.uscourts.gov/cameras. Signed by the Clerk on 7-27-2020. (Attachments: # 1 Notice of Eligibility for Video Recording) (anjS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/27/2020) (Entered: 07/27/2020) 07/27/2020 23 ORDER SETTING CASE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE AND REQUIRING JOINT CASE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE STATEMENT. Signed by Judge Jeffrey S. White on 7/27/20. Joint Case Management Statement due by 10/16/2020. Initial Case Management Conference set for 10/23/2020 11:00 AM. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/27/2020) (Entered: 07/27/2020) 07/28/2020 24 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 10 Motion for Pro Hac Vice re: Paul Hughes. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/28/2020) (Entered: 07/28/2020) 07/29/2020 25 ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION to Exceed Page Limitation and Notice a Hearing filed by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. Responses due by 8/3/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Paul W. Hughes, # 2 Proposed Order) (Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 7/29/2020) (Entered: 07/29/2020) 07/29/2020 26 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 25 Administrative Motion to Exceed Page Limitation and Notice a Hearing. Motion Hearing set for 9/11/2020 09:00 AM before Judge Jeffrey S. White. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/29/2020) (Entered: 07/29/2020) 07/29/2020 27 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet re 23 Order,, Set Deadlines/Hearings, 22 Order Reassigning Case,,, Case Assigned/Reassigned,, (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/29/2020) (Entered: 07/29/2020) 07/29/2020 28 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet re Administrative Motion to Exceed Page Limit and to Set Hearing (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/29/2020) (Entered: 07/29/2020) 07/29/2020 29 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet re 26 Order on Administrative Motion per Civil Local Rule 7-11 (Gaede, William) (Filed on 7/29/2020) (Entered: 07/29/2020) 07/31/2020 30 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Re: Michael B. Kimberly ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14761826.) filed by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Proposed Order)(Kimberly, Michael) (Filed on 7/31/2020) Modified on 8/3/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 07/31/2020) 07/31/2020 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. Motion Hearing set for 9/11/2020 09:00 AM in Oakland, Courtroom 5, 2nd Floor before Judge Jeffrey S. White. Responses due by 8/14/2020. Replies due by 8/21/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Paul W. Hughes, # 2 Exhibit 1, # 3 Exhibit 2, # 4 Exhibit 3, # 5 Exhibit 4, # 6 Exhibit 5, # 7 Exhibit 6, # 8 Exhibit 7, # 9 Exhibit 8, # 10 Exhibit 9, # 11 Exhibit 10, # 12 Exhibit 11, # 13 Exhibit 12, # 14 Exhibit 13, # 15 Exhibit 14, # 16 Exhibit 15, # 17 Exhibit 16, # 18 Exhibit 17, # 19 Exhibit 18, # 20 Exhibit 19, # 21 Exhibit 20, # 22 Exhibit 21, # 23 Exhibit 22, # 24 Exhibit 23, # 25 Exhibit 24, # 26 Exhibit 25, # 27 Exhibit 26, # 28 Exhibit 27, # 29 Exhibit 28, # 30 https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1010 10/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 56 of 63 Exhibit 29, # 31 Exhibit 30, # 32 Exhibit 31, # 33 Exhibit 32, # 34 Exhibit 33, # 35 Exhibit 34, # 36 Declaration of Jonathan Baselice, # 37 Declaration of James Bell, # 38 Declaration of Zane Brown, # 39 Declaration of Nicholas Brummel, # 40 Declaration of Jack Chen, # 41 Declaration of Scott Corley, # 42 Declaration of Stephanie Hall, # 43 Declaration of Mike Leman, # 44 Declaration of Tom O'Gorman, # 45 Declaration of Marcie Schneider, # 46 Proposed Order)(Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 7/31/2020) (Entered: 07/31/2020) 08/03/2020 32 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet re 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction and Declarations and Exhibits in Support thereof (Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 8/3/2020) (Entered: 08/03/2020) 08/03/2020 33 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 30 Motion for Pro Hac Vice re: Re: Michael B. Kimberly. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/3/2020) (Entered: 08/03/2020) 08/06/2020 34 NOTICE of Appearance by Joshua Samuel Press (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 8/6/2020) (Entered: 08/06/2020) 08/06/2020 35 NOTICE of Appearance by Glenn M. Girdharry on behalf of all Defendants (Girdharry, Glenn) (Filed on 8/6/2020) (Entered: 08/06/2020) 08/07/2020 36 NOTICE of Appearance by Camron Dowlatshahi (Dowlatshahi, Camron) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 37 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971- 14788283.) filed by Amicus Curiae Immigration Law Professors. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Nandi, Neil) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 38 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971- 14788437.) filed by Amicus Curiae Immigration Law Professors. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Margulies, Peter) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 39 DEFENDANTS UNOPPOSED MOTION AND [PROPOSED] ORDER FOR EXTENSION OF BRIEFING SCHEDUL re 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. Responses due by 8/11/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 8/7/2020) Modified on 8/10/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 40 UNOPPOSED ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION FOR LEAVE TO FILE AMICUS CURIAE BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION filed by Amicus Curiae Immigration Law Professors. Responses due by 8/11/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Amicus Curiae Brief In Support of Plaintiffs Motion for Preliminary Injunction, # 2 Exhibit Declaration, # 3 Exhibit Proposed Order Granting Unopposed Motion For Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief)(Dowlatshahi, Camron) (Filed on 8/7/2020) Modified on 8/10/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 41 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting AS MODIFIED 39 Administrative Motion For Adjustment to Briefing Schedule. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 Set/Reset Deadlines as to 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Responses due by 8/19/2020. Replies due by 8/28/2020. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2020) https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1011 11/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 57 of 63 (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 42 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 37 Motion for Pro Hac Vice re Neil Nandi. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 43 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 38 Motion for Pro Hac Vice re Peter Margulies. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/07/2020 44 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 40 Administrative Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief.. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2020) (Entered: 08/07/2020) 08/10/2020 45 UNOPPOSED ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION for Leave to File an Amicus Brief in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction filed by Amici Curiae Leading Companies and Business Organizations. Responses due by 8/14/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Amicus Brief of Leading Companies and Business Organizations, # 2 Declaration of Ethan D. Dettmer, # 3 Proposed Order)(Dettmer, Ethan) (Filed on 8/10/2020) Modified on 8/11/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 46 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice for Stuart F. Delery ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14792507.) filed by Amici Curiae Leading Companies and Business Organizations. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Good Standing)(Dettmer, Ethan) (Filed on 8/10/2020) Modified on 8/11/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 47 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice for David A. Schnitzer ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14792574.) filed by Amici Curiae Leading Companies and Business Organizations. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Good Standing)(Dettmer, Ethan) (Filed on 8/10/2020) Modified on 8/11/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 48 UNOPPOSED ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION leave to join brief of amici curiae re 45 ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION for Leave to File an Amicus Brief in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction filed by Amici Curiae Additional Companies. Responses due by 9/11/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Salaheldin, Waleed) (Filed on 8/10/2020) Modified on 8/11/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 49 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 46 Motion for Pro Hac Vice for Stuart F. Delery. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/10/2020) (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 50 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 47 Motion for Pro Hac Vice for David A. Schnitzer. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/10/2020) (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 51 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 48 Administrative Motion For Leave to Join Brief of Amici Curiae. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/10/2020) (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 52 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice for Daniel Pierce ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14794707.) filed by Amici Curiae Additional Companies. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit, # 3 Exhibit)(Pierce, Daniel) (Filed on 8/10/2020) Modified on 8/11/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 53 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 45 Administrative Motion for Leave to File an Amicus Brief. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/10/2020) (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 54 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 52 Motion for Pro Hac Vice for Daniel Pierce. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/10/2020) (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/10/2020 55 ORDER re 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by National Retail https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1012 12/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 58 of 63 Federation, National Association of Manufacturers, Intrax, Inc., Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Technet. Signed by Judge Jeffrey S. White on August 10, 2020. (jswlc2S, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/10/2020) (Entered: 08/10/2020) 08/11/2020 56 UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR LEAVE TO FILE AMICUS CURAIE BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION filed by SOCIETY FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Certificate/Proof of Service, # 3 Exhibit Amicus Brief)(Malm, Steven) (Filed on 8/11/2020) Modified on 8/12/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/11/2020) 08/11/2020 57 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice for Carl Hampe ( Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14802563.) filed by Amici Curiae Additional Companies. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit)(Hampe, Carl) (Filed on 8/11/2020) Modified on 8/12/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/11/2020) 08/12/2020 58 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 57 Motion for Pro Hac Vice for Carl Hampe. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/12/2020) (Entered: 08/12/2020) 08/12/2020 59 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Re: Sarah P. Hogarth Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Proposed Order)(Hogarth, Sarah) (Filed on 8/12/2020) Modified on 8/13/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/12/2020) 08/13/2020 60 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 59 Motion for Pro Hac Vice re Sarah P. Hogarth. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/13/2020) (Entered: 08/13/2020) 08/13/2020 61 CLERK'S NOTICE CONTINUING INITIAL CASE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE: Joint Case Management Statement due by 10/30/2020. Initial Case Management Conference set for 11/6/2020 11:00 AM. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/13/2020) (Entered: 08/13/2020) 08/14/2020 62 AMENDED CLERK'S NOTICE CONTINUING INITIAL CASE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE (to correct date on document):Joint Case Management Statement due by 10/30/2020. Initial Case Management Conference set for 11/6/2020 11:00 AM. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/14/2020) (Entered: 08/14/2020) 08/14/2020 63 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Re: Leon Rodriguez (Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14816346) filed by Society for Human Resource Management . (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Certificate/Proof of Service) (Rodriguez, Leon) (Filed on 8/14/2020) Modified on 8/17/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/14/2020) 08/17/2020 64 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 63 Motion for Pro Hac Vice Re: Leon Rodriguez. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/17/2020) (Entered: 08/17/2020) 08/17/2020 65 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 56 MOTION FOR LEAVE TO FILE AMICUS CURAIE BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/17/2020) (Entered: 08/17/2020) 08/19/2020 66 OPPOSITION/RESPONSE (re 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction ) filed byMichael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 8/19/2020) (Entered: 08/19/2020) 08/25/2020 67 Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief by U.S. Tech Workers. Responses due by 9/8/2020. Replies due by 9/15/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Proposed Amicus Memo https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1013 13/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 59 of 63 of Law, # 2 Proposed Order proposed order)(Joseph, Lawrence) (Filed on 8/25/2020) Modified on 8/26/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/25/2020) 08/28/2020 68 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Re: Shoba Sivaprasad Wadhia (Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14875738) filed by Amicus Curiae Immigration Law Professors. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Exhibit 2 Certificate of Good Standing, # 3 Proposed Order)(Wadhia, Shoba) (Filed on 8/28/2020) Modified on 8/31/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/28/2020) 08/28/2020 69 REPLY (re 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction ) filed byChamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. (Attachments: # 1 Second Declaration of Paul W. Hughes, # 2 Exhibit 1, # 3 Exhibit 2, # 4 Exhibit 3, # 5 Exhibit 4, # 6 Declaration of William Gustafson, # 7 Second Declaration of Marcie Schneider)(Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 8/28/2020) (Entered: 08/28/2020) 08/28/2020 70 ORDER REQUIRING Delivery of Chambers Copies re 69 Reply to Opposition/Response. Signed by Judge Jeffrey S. White on August 28, 2020. (jswlc2S, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/28/2020) (Entered: 08/28/2020) 08/31/2020 71 MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Re: Laura McNally (Filing fee $ 310, receipt number 0971-14879038) filed by Amicus Curiae Immigration Law Professors. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Proposed Order)(McNally, Laura) (Filed on 8/31/2020) Modified on 9/1/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 08/31/2020) 08/31/2020 72 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 67 Motion to File Amicus Curiae Brief. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/31/2020) (Entered: 08/31/2020) 08/31/2020 73 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 71 Motion for Pro Hac Vice re Laura McNally. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/31/2020) (Entered: 08/31/2020) 09/01/2020 74 NOTICE of Appearance by Aaron Steven Goldsmith (Goldsmith, Aaron) (Filed on 9/1/2020) (Entered: 09/01/2020) 09/02/2020 75 Amicus Brief in Support of Federal Defendants in Opposition to Interim Relief filed by U.S. Tech Workers. Filed Per Order of the Court at Docket Entry 72 . (Related document(s) 72 ) (Joseph, Lawrence) (Filed on 9/2/2020) Modified on 9/2/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 09/02/2020) 09/03/2020 76 CLERKS NOTICE SETTING ZOOM HEARING as to 31 Preliminary Injunction Hearing set for 9/11/2020 09:00 AM before Judge Jeffrey S. White. This proceeding will be held via a Zoom webinar.

Webinar Access: All counsel, members of the public, and media may access the webinar information at https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/jsw

Court Appearances: Advanced notice is required of counsel who will be participating in the argument at the hearing. A list of names and emails must be sent to the CRD at [email protected] no later than September 8, 2020 at 12:00 pm PT.

General Order 58. Persons granted access to court proceedings held by telephone or videoconference are reminded that photographing, recording, and rebroadcasting of court proceedings, including screenshots or other visual copying of a hearing, is absolutely prohibited.

Zoom Guidance and Setup: https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/zoom/. https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1014 14/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 60 of 63 (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.) (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/3/2020) (Entered: 09/03/2020) 09/04/2020 77 MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief filed by WORLDWIDE EMPLOYEE RELOCATION COUNCIL. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit, # 2 Declaration, # 3 Proposed Order)(Salaheldin, Waleed) (Filed on 9/4/2020) (Entered: 09/04/2020) 09/04/2020 78 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 77 Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief by WORLDWIDE EMPLOYEE RELOCATION COUNCIL. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/4/2020) (Entered: 09/04/2020) 09/09/2020 79 NOTICE OF QUESTIONS FOR HEARING ON 31 MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION. Signed by Judge Jeffrey S. White on 9/9/20. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/9/2020) (Entered: 09/09/2020) 09/10/2020 80 NOTICE of Supplemental Authorities re 79 Order filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 9/10/2020) Modified on 9/10/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 09/10/2020) 09/10/2020 81 NOTICE of Additional Authority for Hearing on Motion for Preliminary Injunction re 79 Order by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, TechNet. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit NFAP, Updated Analysis of Employment Data, # 2 Exhibit Gomez v. Trump) (Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 9/10/2020) Modified on 9/10/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 09/10/2020) 09/11/2020 82 Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Jeffrey S. White: Motion Hearing held on 9/11/2020 re 31 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction Total Time in Court: 1 hour 52 minutes. Court Reporter: Diane Skillman. Plaintiff Attorney: Paul W. Hughes. Defendant Attorney: Joshua S. Press. Attachment: Minutes. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Date Filed: 9/11/2020) Modified on 9/11/2020 (jjoS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 09/11/2020) 09/16/2020 83 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 68 Motion for Pro Hac Vice Re: Shoba Sivaprasad Wadhia. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/16/2020) (Entered: 09/16/2020) 09/17/2020 84 NOTICE of Supplemental Authority re 66 Opposition/Response to Motion by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 9/17/2020) Modified on 9/18/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 09/17/2020) 09/19/2020 85 Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 1 Complaint, filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 9/19/2020) (Entered: 09/19/2020) 09/21/2020 86 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 85 Motion for Extension of Time to Answer. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/21/2020) (Entered: 09/21/2020) 10/01/2020 87 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White GRANTING 31 Motion for Preliminary Injunction. (jswlc2S, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 10/1/2020) (Entered: 10/01/2020) 10/14/2020 88 Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 86 Order on Motion for Extension of Time to Answer or Otherwise Respond filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 10/14/2020) (Entered: 10/14/2020) https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1015 15/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 61 of 63

10/15/2020 89 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White GRANTING 88 Stipulated Motion for Extension of Time to Answer. (jswlc2S, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 10/15/2020) (Entered: 10/15/2020) 10/16/2020 90 Judicial Referral for Purpose of Determining Relationship of Cases re 4:20-cv-7183- EMC. Signed by Judge Edward M. Chen on 10/16/2020. (afmS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 10/16/2020) (Entered: 10/16/2020) 10/22/2020 91 Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 89 Order on Motion for Extension of Time to Answer, 1 Complaint, filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 10/22/2020) (Entered: 10/22/2020) 10/23/2020 92 ORDER GRANTING 91 Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer. Signed by Judge Jeffrey S. White on October 23, 2020. (jswlc2S, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 10/23/2020) (Entered: 10/23/2020) 10/29/2020 93 NOTICE OF APPEAL to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. Appeal of Order on Motion for Preliminary Injunction 87 (Appeal fee FEE WAIVED.) (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 10/29/2020) (Entered: 10/29/2020) 10/29/2020 94 USCA Case Number 20-17132 filed by Chad F. Wolf, Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of State, United States Department of Homeland Security. (jmlS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 10/29/2020) (Entered: 10/29/2020) 10/29/2020 95 Unopposed MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 1 Complaint, 92 Order filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 10/29/2020) Modified on 10/30/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 10/29/2020) 10/29/2020 96 TRANSCRIPT ORDER for proceedings held on 09/11/2020 before Judge Jeffrey S. White by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf, for Court Reporter Diane Skillman. (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 10/29/2020) (Entered: 10/29/2020) 10/30/2020 97 ORDER by Judge Jeffrey S. White granting 95 Motion for Extension of Time to Answer. Answer due by 11/5/2020. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 10/30/2020) (Entered: 10/30/2020) 10/30/2020 98 JOINT CASE MANAGEMENT STATEMENT filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 10/30/2020) Modified on 11/2/2020 (cjlS, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 10/30/2020) 10/31/2020 99 MOTION to Clarify Preliminary Injunction and for Discovery regarding Compliance filed by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. Responses due by 11/16/2020. Replies due by 11/23/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Jonathan Baselice, # 2 Declaration of James Bell (2d), # 3 Exhibit Bell 1, # 4 Exhibit Bell 2, # 5 Exhibit Bell 3, # 6 Exhibit Bell 4, # 7 Exhibit Bell 5, # 8 Declaration of Liane Cooney, # 9 Exhibit Cooney 1, # 10 Exhibit Cooney 2, # 11 Declaration of Paul Hughes, # 12 Exhibit Hughes 1, # 13 Exhibit Hughes 2, # 14 Exhibit Hughes 3, # 15 Exhibit Hughes 4, # 16 Exhibit Hughes 5, # 17 Declaration of Marcie Schneider (3d), # 18 Exhibit https://ecf.cand.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DktRpt.pl?440108096902946-L_1_0-1ER 1016 16/18 11/13/2020 Case: 20-17132, 11/20/2020, ID: 11901254,CAND-ECF DktEntry: 22-6, Page 62 of 63 Schneider 1, # 19 Proposed Order)(Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 10/31/2020) (Entered: 10/31/2020) 10/31/2020 100 ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION to Expedite Hearing re 99 MOTION to Clarify Preliminary Injunction and for Discovery regarding Compliance filed by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. Responses due by 11/4/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Paul Hughes, # 2 Proposed Order)(Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 10/31/2020) (Entered: 10/31/2020) 11/02/2020 101 Transcript of Proceedings held on September 11, 2020, before Judge Jeffrey S. White. Court Reporter Diane E. Skillman, telephone number 925-899-2912, [email protected]. Per General Order No. 59 and Judicial Conference policy, this transcript may be viewed only at the Clerk's Office public terminal or may be purchased through the Court Reporter until the deadline for the Release of Transcript Restriction. After that date it may be obtained through PACER. Any Notice of Intent to Request Redaction, if required, is due no later than 5 business days from date of this filing. (Re 96 Transcript Order, ) Release of Transcript Restriction set for 2/1/2021. (Related documents(s) 96 ) (Skillman, Diane) (Filed on 11/2/2020) (Entered: 11/02/2020) 11/02/2020 102 CLERK'S NOTICE: THE COURT HAS REVIEWED THE MOTION TO RELATE AND DETERMINED THAT NO CASES ARE RELATED AND NO REASSIGNMENTS SHALL OCCUR (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 11/2/2020) (Entered: 11/02/2020) 11/04/2020 103 OPPOSITION/RESPONSE (re 100 ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION to Expedite Hearing re 99 MOTION to Clarify Preliminary Injunction and for Discovery regarding Compliance ) filed byMichael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Press, Joshua) (Filed on 11/4/2020) (Entered: 11/04/2020) 11/05/2020 104 REPLY (re 100 ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION to Expedite Hearing re 99 MOTION to Clarify Preliminary Injunction and for Discovery regarding Compliance ) filed byChamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Intrax, Inc., National Association of Manufacturers, National Retail Federation, Technet. (Hughes, Paul) (Filed on 11/5/2020) (Entered: 11/05/2020) 11/05/2020 105 Consent MOTION to Stay of Proceedings Pending Appeal filed by Michael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. Responses due by 11/19/2020. Replies due by 11/27/2020. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 11/5/2020) (Entered: 11/05/2020) 11/05/2020 106 ORDER RE 99 MOTION FOR CLARIFICATION OF INJUNCTION AND 100 ADMINISTRATIVE MOTION TO EXPEDITE HEARING, GRANTING 105 CONSENT MOTION TO STAY, AND VACATING CASE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE. Signed by Judge Jeffrey S. White on 11/5/20. Responses due by 11/11/2020. Replies due by 11/13/2020. (jjoS, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 11/5/2020) (Entered: 11/05/2020) 11/11/2020 107 OPPOSITION/RESPONSE (re 99 MOTION to Clarify Preliminary Injunction and for Discovery regarding Compliance ) And Cross Motion to Clarify filed byMichael R. Pompeo, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Sara Craig)(Press, Joshua) (Filed on 11/11/2020) (Entered: 11/11/2020)

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