DOCSLIB.ORG

Infographic: Operational Map of Neoenergia [PDF]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Infographic: Operational Map of Neoenergia [PDF] NEOENERGIA PROVIDES SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TO ALL REGIONS OF BRAZIL We operate in 18 Brazilian states, with businesses covering the entire chain of the electrical sector: energy generation, transmission, distribution and marketing. In all our projects, we are committed to service quality and innovation, besides assisting the places where we operate with investments that support socioeconomic and environmental development. Neoenergia Distributed Solar Wind Power Generation Generation Solar Power Hydroelectric Generation Distribution Generation Transmission Heat Generation Marketing NORTHEAST The Northeast has a natural vocation for production of wind energy! Because it receives trade winds, which are constant and stable the whole year, 80% of the BA Brazilian wind farms are installed in the Northeast. Year after year, these undertakings have been steadily CE breaking records of power generation. Neoenergia invests in this potential with projects that should triple PB the company's installed capacity by 2022, reaching 1.5 GW with the construction of two wind farms: PE PI Oitis (PI and BA) Chafariz (PB) 566,5 MW in 471,2 MW in RN 12 parks 15 parks In 2022, another project that takes advantage of the privileged location near the Equatorial The new parks are added to other line will be inaugurated: the Luzia solar plant 17 parks already operating, as follows: (PB), the group's first large-scale photovoltaic plant, with capacity of 149.3 MWdc. The Arizona, Calango, Mel, Santana and Rio do Fogo, project is located a few kilometers from in Rio Grande do Norte; Canoas and Lagoa, in Chafariz, and both will be connected to the Paraíba; and Caetité, in Bahia. Santa Luzia transmission line (PB and CE), another plant of the company. Strategically, the group invests in plants that have synergies Rio do Fogo was the first one. It started in 2006 and is one with each other. of the pioneering parks in Brazil. From the beginning, it helped with the domestic energy transition. Other highlights of the region: In distribution, Neoenergia is the Throughout the entire area of energy company with the largest number provision, the liberalized business of clients in the region, through segment offers the services of Neoenergia the Coelba (BA), Celpe (PE) and Soluções, including installation of solar Cosern (RN) power plants, which panels for residential, commercial or serve three of the nine industrial distributed generation. northeastern states of Brazil. The company's first power The company continues to expand its generation businesses are in the activities in the region and in December region: the Itapebi Hydroelectric 2020 it won the most extensive project Power Plant, in Bahia, and the in the only transmission auction held transmission companies: Potiguar that year. A total of 1,091 kilometers of Sul (RN) and Narandiba and lines and a substation will be built, with Afluente T (BA). Besides these, the a large part of the project crossing the Sobral substation (CE) started state of Bahia where the Rio Formoso operating in January 2020. line, acquired in 2019, is also under development. Projeto CORREDOR VERDE 100% ELÉTRICO The Northeast region is strategic for Neoenergia. An example is the choice of the region to encourage electric mobility, an important segment to stimulate the fight against climate change, one of Neoenergia's priorities. The first electrical railway in the Northeast is being implemented by Neoenergia. With 1,100 kilometers, the capitals of Salvador (BA) and Natal (RN) will be connected through a structure with fast recharging stations. The company also has an electric vehicle recharging station on the island of Fernando de Noronha, in Pernambuco, a natural paradise that is located in Celpe's area. NORTH One of the largest transmission projects under construction by Neoenergia begins in the North of the country, an important region for power generation through hydroelectric plants - a segment in which the company also operates. PA The Jalapão project (TO, PI, MA, BA) is 730 kilometers long and its objective is to enable the production flow from Belo Monte plant (PA), the largest 100% TO Brazilian hydraulic undertaking in which the company has a stake. The company also owns the Teles Pires plant (PA). MID-WEST Neoenergia already operated with power generation in the Midwest with its Corumbá hydroelectric plant in Goiás, and Dardanelos in Mato DF Grosso - and in transmission, with the construction of the Dourados line, in Mato Grosso do Sul. In March 2021, it will also become part of the GO distribution market through CEB D, Brasília's distribution concessionaire. Neoenergia will take its efficient management model to the Federal District, based on investments in expansion and improvement of MT networks and the use of technology, with the objective of constantly improving the quality of customer service. With the new operation, the MS company will serve 15 million consumers in its five distribution plants. SOUTHEAST Headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Neoenergia has been constantly expanding its participation in the Southeast region. In distribution, it owns Elektro, an energy ES provider that serves cities in São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul. In Campinas (SP), the company has an innovation MG hub, the Espaço Conexão Digital, which integrates the most important Brazilian research and development RJ project (R&D) focused on clints from the electric sector, based on three pillars: modernization of the client's journey, integrated development of digital solutions and SP digital inclusion. In 2020, the company opened its first transmission Neoenergia Comercialização operates in the plant in the region, the modern Atibaia substation, states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Minas besides developing the Guanabara (RJ) and Gerais, serving customers of the free energy Itabapoana (RJ and MG) lines. In Minas Gerais, market. There are two other offices in this Neoenergia operates the Baguari hydroelectric business line in Salvador (BA) and Recife (PE). plant located in the bed of Doce River. SOUTH The most recent hydroelectric power plant opened by Neoenergia was Baixo Iguaçu (PR), located on the Iguaçu River, one of the main basins for PR energy generation in Brazil. The undertaking plays a key role in reinforcing the stability of the National Interconnected System (SIN) and RS has contributed to regulating the river flow, helping preserve the Iguaçu National Park, a Natural Heritage Site. SC The company has three transmission projects in the region: Biguaçu (SC) Vale do Itajaí which started operating Lagoa dos Patos in july 2020 (PR and SC) (RS and SC).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Relevance of the Cerrado's Water
    THE RELEVANCE OF THE CERRADO’S WATER RESOURCES TO THE BRAZILIAN DEVELOPMENT Jorge Enoch Furquim Werneck Lima1; Euzebio Medrado da Silva1; Eduardo Cyrino Oliveira-Filho1; Eder de Souza Martins1; Adriana Reatto1; Vinicius Bof Bufon1 1 Embrapa Cerrados, BR 020, km 18, Planaltina, Federal District, Brazil, 70670-305. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT: The Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) is the second largest Brazilian biome (204 million hectares) and due to its location in the Brazilian Central Plateau it plays an important role in terms of water production and distribution throughout the country. Eight of the twelve Brazilian hydrographic regions receive water from this Biome. It contributes to more than 90% of the discharge of the São Francisco River, 50% of the Paraná River, and 70% of the Tocantins River. Therefore, the Cerrado is a strategic region for the national hydropower sector, being responsible for more than 50% of the Brazilian hydroelectricity production. Furthermore, it has an outstanding relevance in the national agricultural scenery. Despite of the relatively abundance of water in most of the region, water conflicts are beginning to arise in some areas. The objective of this paper is to discuss the economical and ecological relevance of the water resources of the Cerrado. Key-words: Brazilian savanna; water management; water conflicts. INTRODUCTION The Cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome in extension, with about 204 million hectares, occupying 24% of the national territory approximately. Its largest portion is located within the Brazilian Central Plateau which consists of higher altitude areas in the central part of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study on the Geographical Distribution of Brazil's Prestigious
    Figueira Filho et al. Journal of Internet Services and Applications (2015) 6:17 DOI 10.1186/s13174-015-0032-6 RESEARCH Open Access A study on the geographical distribution of Brazil’s prestigious software developers Fernando Figueira Filho1*, Marcelo Gattermann Perin2, Christoph Treude1, Sabrina Marczak3, Leandro Melo1, Igor Marques da Silva1 and Lucas Bibiano dos Santos1 Abstract Brazil is an emerging economy with many IT initiatives from public and private sectors. To evaluate the progress of such initiatives, we study the geographical distribution of software developers in Brazil, in particular which of the Brazilian states succeed the most in attracting and nurturing them. We compare the prestige of developers with socio-economic data and find that (i) prestigious developers tend to be located in the most economically developed regions of Brazil, (ii) they are likely to follow others in the same state they are located in, (iii) they are likely to follow other prestigious developers, and (iv) they tend to follow more people. We discuss the implications of those findings for the development of the Brazilian software industry. Keywords: Collaborative software development; Software engineering; Social network analysis; Brazil 1 Introduction growing at fast rates, the Brazilian software industry still Information Technology (IT) has been playing a major lags behind in export revenue and most of its produc- role in rapidly growing economies and emerging mar- tion is consumed in the domestic market. To improve kets such as the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and Brazil’s global competitiveness, recent policies from the China), Mexico, Malaysia, Indonesia, and others [32]. The Brazilian government have aimed at fostering innovation development of information and communication tech- with public incentives, which include increasing funds for nologies has long been referred to as a “strategic tool” and R&D projects and providing tax breaks for key indus- a pre-requisite for economic growth and social develop- trial sectors such as IT, biotechnology, and energy.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Drivers of Hospitalizations for Mycoses in Brazil
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Climate drivers of hospitalizations for mycoses in Brazil Fabrício Brito Silva1, Jessfan Rafael Nascimento Santos1, Letícia Chagas da Silva 1, Wolia Costa Gomes1, Paulo Cesar Mendes Villis1, Eliane dos Santos Gomes2, 1,3 4 Received: 5 July 2018 Edilene de Araújo Diniz Pinheiro , Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo , Rosane da Silva Dias5, Cristina de Andrade Monteiro6 & Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos1 Accepted: 18 April 2019 Published: xx xx xxxx Climate can modulate human health at large spatial scales, but the infuence of global, regional, and local environments remains poorly understood, especially for neglected diseases, such as mycoses. In this work, we present the correlation between climatic variables and hospitalizations for mycoses in Brazilian state capitals, evaluating the period of 2008 to 2016 at diferent time scales. The results indicate that climate modulates the hospitalizations for mycoses diferently at annual and monthly time scales, with minimum temperature as a key climatic variable during periods of high prevalence in the 10 Brazilian capitals with the highest hospitalizations for mycoses rates. The greatest number of hospitalizations coincided with La Niña events, while a reduction was observed during El Niño events, thereby demonstrating the infuence of the Pacifc Interdecadal Climate Oscillation on the prevalence of mycoses in Brazil. At a regional scale, the mycoses burden in Brazil appears to respond diferently to local and global climatic drivers. Mycoses are neglected, under-diagnosed, and sub-estimated diseases, that represent an important public health problem, yet they are not compulsorily notifable diseases in Brazil. Since pathogenic fungi causing systemic mycoses are found in the environment, we hypothesised that outbreaks would be afected by geoclimatic fac- tors such as wind, precipitation, air temperature, and absolute and relative air humidity.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial and Seasonal Patterns of Flood Change Across Brazil
    Hydrological Sciences Journal ISSN: 0262-6667 (Print) 2150-3435 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/thsj20 Spatial and seasonal patterns of flood change across Brazil D. Bartiko, D. Y. Oliveira, N. B. Bonumá & P. L. B. Chaffe To cite this article: D. Bartiko, D. Y. Oliveira, N. B. Bonumá & P. L. B. Chaffe (2019) Spatial and seasonal patterns of flood change across Brazil, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 64:9, 1071-1079, DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2019.1619081 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2019.1619081 View supplementary material Accepted author version posted online: 28 May 2019. Published online: 10 Jun 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 226 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=thsj20 HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL 2019, VOL. 64, NO. 9, 1071–1079 https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2019.1619081 Spatial and seasonal patterns of flood change across Brazil D. Bartiko a, D. Y. Oliveira a, N. B. Bonumáb and P. L. B. Chaffe b aGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Florianopolis, Brazil; bDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Florianopolis, Brazil ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Brazil has some of the largest rivers in the world and has the second greatest flood loss potential among the Received 5 September 2018 emergent countries. Despite that, flood studies in this area are still scarce. In this paper, we used flood Accepted 1 April 2019 fl seasonality and trend analysis at the annual and seasonal scales in order to describe ood regimes and EDITOR – fi fl changes across the whole of Brazil in the period 1976 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazilian Experience on the Development of Drought Monitoring And
    1 Brazilian Experience on the Development of Drought monitoring and Impact Assessment Systems Ana Paula Martins do Amaral Cunha, Regina Célia dos Santos Alvalá, Luz Adriana Cuartas, José Antonio Marengo Orsini, Victor Marchezini, Silvia Midori Saito, Viviana Munoz, Karinne Reis Deusdará Leal, Germano Ribeiro-Neto, Marcelo Enrique Seluchi, Luis Marcelo de Mattos Zeri, Christopher Alexander Cunningham Castro, Lidiane Cristina Oliveira Costa, Rong Zhang, Osvaldo Luiz Leal de Moraes, National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN), São José dos Campos, Brazil 2 1. Introduction Possibly related to global warming, droughts have increased in frequency and intensity in several countries of the planet in the recent decades (Dai, et al, 2004; IPCC 2014, Zhou, et al, 2012). Brazil is not an exception; the country is affected in the present and possibly in the future by more intense and frequent weather and climate extremes. Northeast Brazil (NEB) and Brazilian Amazon (Figure 1) appear as the most vulnerable regions to droughts and floods (PBMC, 2013 a,b). In the recent years, droughts have affected different regions of Brazil: Northeast Brazil during 2012-2017; southeastern Brazil in 2014-15; Amazonia in 2005, 2010 and 2016; Southern Brazil in 2005 and 2012 (Coelho et al., 2016b; Cunha, et al, 2018a; Marengo, et al, 2008, Marengo and Espinoza 2016; Marengo, et al, 2017, 2018; Cunningham, et al, 2017; Nobre, et al, 2016). To face this challenge and enhanced early warning for early action to drought risk management is essential to increase society’s resilience, by means of enhancing knowledge about drought occurrence, its potential social and economic effects and the related vulnerabilities of potentially affected people.
    [Show full text]
  • Agriculture in Brazil's Southeast Region: Limitations and Future Challenges to Development
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics de Castro, César Nunes Working Paper Agriculture in Brazil's Southeast region: Limitations and future challenges to development Texto para Discussão, No. 1952a Provided in Cooperation with: Institute of Applied Economic Research (ipea), Brasília Suggested Citation: de Castro, César Nunes (2014) : Agriculture in Brazil's Southeast region: Limitations and future challenges to development, Texto para Discussão, No. 1952a, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Brasília This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/121530 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu capa_1952a.pdf 1 29/05/2014 10:05:02 Ipea’s mission Enhance public policies that are essential to Brazilian development by producing and disseminating knowledge and by advising the state in its strategic decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Benefits of Expanding the Brazilian Sanitation
    ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF EXPANDING THE BRAZILIAN SANITATION QUALITY OF LIFE, PRODUCTIVITY, EDUCATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPRECIATION Contents Introduction Sanitation in the World Sanitation in Brazil Highlights Sanitation and Quality of Life Sanitation and Productivity Sanitation and Education Sanitation and Environmental Appreciation 2 Introduction A country that aspires to stand out on the This work promotes for the first time an international scene as developed cannot be international comparison and shows that Brazil, among the most underdeveloped nations on the the world’s 7th biggest economy, is the 112th in most basic issue - sanitation. 21st century Brazil, the sanitation ranking. It also shows that the 4.1% host of the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Summer yearly sanitation expansion rate decreased in Olympics, is not capable of providing treated water, the 2010s - in the previous decade it was 4.6% – sewage collection and treat-ment to all its citizens. what puts Brazil even farther from the already far goal established by the national government to According to data from the Ministry of Cities offer universal access to these services by 2030. (the 2011 National System of Sanitation Indexes, SNIS in Portuguese) about 36 million Brazilians However, the worrying data should not prevent do not have access to treated water yet, only people from seeing the opportunities of 48.1% of the population have access to sewage considerable gains generated by the choice of collection, and of what is collected, less than making a public policy priority of offering universal 40% is treated. These numbers are reflected in access to treated water and sewage, which can the pollution of water resources and in diseases be planned and executed through partnerships during infancy and childhood that put Brazil between governments, companies, academy and far from any comparison with European, North the society.
    [Show full text]
  • The Association Between Air Temperature and Mortality in Two Brazilian Health Regions
    climate Article The Association between Air Temperature and Mortality in Two Brazilian Health Regions Wolmir Ercides Péres 1,2,* , Andreia F. S. Ribeiro 3, Ana Russo 3 and Baltazar Nunes 1,4 1 Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] 2 Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Petrolina, Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem, Petrolina-Pernambuco CEP 56328-900, Brazil 3 Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] (A.F.S.R.); [email protected] (A.R.) 4 Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, Lumiar, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 December 2019; Accepted: 17 January 2020; Published: 19 January 2020 Abstract: Air temperature, both cold and hot, has impacts on mortality and morbidities, which are exacerbated by poor health service and protection responses, particularly in under-developed countries. This study was designed to analyze the effects of air temperature on the risk of deaths for all and specific causes in two regions of Brazil (Florianopolis and Recife), between 2005 and 2014. The association between temperature and mortality was performed through the fitting of a quasi-Poisson non-linear lag distributed model. The association between air temperature and mortality was identified for both regions. The results showed that temperature exerted influence on both general mortality indicators and specific causes, with hot and cold temperatures bringing different impacts to the studied regions. Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular deaths were more sensitive to cold temperatures for Florianopolis and Recife, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Polyculture in the Semi-Arid Regions of Brazil Polyculture Dans Le Milieu Semi-Aride Brésilien Policultivo En El Semiarido
    Field Actions Science Reports The journal of field actions Special Issue 3 | 2011 Brazil Polyculture in the semi-arid regions of Brazil Polyculture dans le milieu semi-aride brésilien Policultivo en el semiarido Andréa Cardoso Ventura and José Célio Silveira Andrade Publisher Institut Veolia Environnement Electronic version URL: http://factsreports.revues.org/2557 ISSN: 1867-8521 Electronic reference Andréa Cardoso Ventura and José Célio Silveira Andrade, « Polyculture in the semi-arid regions of Brazil », Field Actions Science Reports [Online], Special Issue 3 | 2011, Online since 19 April 2013, connection on 30 September 2016. URL : http://factsreports.revues.org/2557 The text is a facsimile of the print edition. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License © Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. http://factsreports.revues.org/2557 Published 19 April 2013 POLYCULTURE IN THE SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF BRAZIL Andréa Cardoso Ventura1 and José Célio Silveira Andrade2 1Studying for a doctorate in administration Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Address: Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n – Vale do Canela Salvador, Bahia – CEP: 40110-903 E-mail: [email protected] 2Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Address: Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n - Vale do Canela Salvador, Bahia - CEP: 40110-903 E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. The previsions say that the semiarid regions in the world are between the most impacted by the global climate change. In Brazil, among the environmental (lost of biodiversity, extreme droughts), social (migrations, diseases exposition) and economics (reduction on income generation, in employment rates, and in the Gross Domestic Product) of global warming, it is affirmed strong pressures specially over the agricul- ture and livestock, the mainly subsistence resource in Brazilian semiarid region, because of the increase of the rain irregularity and increase of evaporation.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Study on Metropolitan Governance PRESENTATION
    REPORT 2014 Comparative Study on Metropolitan Governance PRESENTATION The new world economic order is structured on a network of cities that in a competitive scenario share the same desire: to ensure good quality of life for its inhabitants, to have good functional performance and ability to attract new investments. The challenge has mobilized governments around the world in the search for solutions to their global metropolises. After all, these are complex places that while concentrate numerous opportunities also generate profound inequalities. Three years ago, the São Paulo Company for Metropolitan Planning – Emplasa – started to coordinate the Metropolis Initiave on Metropolitan Governance, developing comparative researches and technical works with over 19 partners representing metropolitan regions of Brazil and the world. As a result, now we present the Study of Metropolitan Governance, focusing on viable alternatives for metropolitan projects. The material identifies the different international practices and brings the partners experiences and lessons learned related to governance and funding of metropolitan projects. The work is not restricted to a purely theoretical approach of the topic. The idea is to list the practical cases capable of being replicated, with the appropriate adaption, to other metropolitan regions. Emplasa is a reference public company when it comes to metropolitan planning and has been signing their positioning at the state, national and international scene, getting to know new projects that can improve the already conducted practices and offer their expertise to other regions and countries. With an active global insertion, Emplasa participated in several Metropolis events presenting our internal projects and the work from the Initiative on Metropolitan Governance.
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Climatic Hotspots in Brazil: How Do Changes Driven by the New Set of IPCC Climatic Projections Affect Their Relevance for Policy?
    Climatic Change DOI 10.1007/s10584-016-1635-z Socio-climatic hotspots in Brazil: how do changes driven by the new set of IPCC climatic projections affect their relevance for policy? João Paulo Darela Filho1 & David M. Lapola 1 & Roger R. Torres2 & Maria Carmen Lemos 3 Received: 12 May 2015 /Accepted: 21 February 2016 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016 Abstract This paper updates the SCVI (Socio-Climatic Vulnerability Index) maps developed by Torres et al. (2012) for Brazil, by using the new Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) projections and more recent 2010 social indicators data. The updated maps differ significantly from their earlier versions in two main ways. First, they show that heavily populated metropolitan areas – namely Belo Horizonte, Brasília, Salvador, Manaus, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo – and a large swath of land across the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Bahia now have the highest SCVI values, that is, their populations are the most vulnerable to climate change in the country. Second, SCVI values for Northeast Brazil are considerably lower compared to the previous index version. An analysis of the causes of such difference reveals that changes in climate projections between CMIP3 and CMIP5 are responsible for most of the change between the different SCVI values and spatial distribution, while changes in social indicators have less influence, despite recent countrywide improvements in social indicators as a result of aggressive anti-poverty programs. These results raise the hypothesis that social reform alone may not be enough to decrease people’s vulnerability to future climatic changes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cities of Brazil: Can You Locate the Cities and Oceans?  the Capital City of Brazil Is Brasilia with a Population of Approximately 2.5Million
    The cities of Brazil: Can you locate the cities and oceans? The capital city of Brazil is Brasilia with a population of approximately 2.5million. Using an atlas, can you locate the following cities on your map of Brazil? Brasilia, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Salvador and Manaus. Can you find out the name of the ocean bordering Brazil’s coastline? Lots of cities in Brazil are located by the coast, what do you think is the reason for this? Remember that you have to work quickly as you will be feeding this information back to other researchers in the next task. The rivers and mountains of Brazil The longest river in South America is located in Brazil. This is called the Amazon River. The Amazon River is 6516km in length. Brazil has impressive mountain ranges. The Serra do Espinhaço mountain range covers the largest area. The Tumucumaque, Imeri and Pacaraima mountain ranges have the highest peaks. Using an atlas and interactive digital maps, draw the Amazon River and mountains onto your blank map of South America/Brazil and add a key explaining its key features. Remember that you have to work quickly as you will be feeding this information back to other researchers in the next task. The location of Brazil: How good are your map skills? Brazil is located in South America. It is bordered by 10 countries. Using an atlas can you try to locate the 10 countries that border Brazil and write them on your map of South America? Remember that you have to work quickly as you will be feeding this information back to other researchers in the next task.
    [Show full text]