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violent and nonviolent," and "rural re- tunately this is not the case. The NZ Incubatór vitalization as aþrerequisite to a nonviolent government has not yet embarked on a \ global economy"). This may be done by nuclear program, and a decision will be Eggshells with orange beaks'rock one dollar rnade in 1977 whether sending your name, add¡ess, and or not to go under bare lightbulbs and glass. ; to WOODWARD nuclear, and this will largely me. -BEVL,RLY depend on an The chicks step out wet and greasf, 148 N Street assessmerit of the country's coal reserycs. down stickinþto their heads in matted'clumps, S. Boston, Mass. 02127 Höwever things are getting organized on shell clin$ing to their pronged toeg. the antinuclear fìont, and hopefuliy the bits of still breathing space will mean that the con- Pecking and hopp¡ng"they dry to trolk-hued fluff :I was extremely impr€ssed by David Mc-. sciousness of the general public can be at the agricultural college in Farmingdale New York \ Reynolds' article [WIN, lU 2'l l'1.51. li raised sufliciently by education, to permit where their continuous almost electronic peeping popular really gave me a much firmer commitment I was just rereading the various letters of di¡ect action like that at Kaiseraugst is broken by another-a wail Whyl our government to racial nonviolent action ¿s ¿ way qflile reply to Leah Fritz's'lresignation" letter and if decides to go. a scream of speakers I know from Central .Park Road it means: as oral palliative. It is ahead with nukes (as seems likely at December 18,1975/ Vot. Xl, No. 43 ' and not simply an IWIN, l0/30/75] . It seems to me a shame go into the cinderblock hallway where there are ño windows for to be tempted by the por present). KEENI.I so easy me that this controversy has largely come -HOWARD or under the desks, hands on bentheads, giggling. sibilities of reform that we need to cor¡ Christchurch, New Zeal¿nd 4. The Call for the Continental Walk fpr down to a defense and/or personal c¡iticism Everyone begins to follow yellow and black afrows, stantly remind ourselves that we must ofLeah Fritz since I see the source ofcon- Disarmament and Social Justice problem-to'say 'flict moving purposefully and solemnly,toward air'raid shelters; . I st¡ike at the core of the in broader terms. I am distressed by the Walk Ed Hedemann 'the air aid shelters I think they are c4lled -i. 5. Organizing I NO to the system which oppresses us, as dif[culty which the pacifst com- ì Sid Blumenthal writes ILetters, WIN as my neighbors acquire, them like swimming pools. 7. People are Suffering Because We Have Americans and millions of others around munity has in understanding the feminist a lU27l15l that we must not let wishful us Disarined Sheehon and the world, and to say YES to building perspective. F'or many people feminism My mother directs four toward thbþxit; ' Not I Joonne thinking substitute for accurate reporting new society based on f¡eedom and non- represents only the issue of women liberat- as we cross the parking lot wé're the only mov¡ng things abovq ground: Steve Ladd and appraisal ofevents in Portugal. Pre- : I violence. -PETER SHIRAS ing themselves fìom the suppression of A uniformed guard runs towards us stops us, Disarmament Connection mY That the male left 9. The Ithaca, NY their identities, culture, and economic cisely Point. go back! presi has substituted rhetoric in the place -: Rick Molishchak present society. . livelihoods within our has some token ftv motfrer stands her ground, her brood big'eyed around her. was pleased to seè Wendy Schwartz' piece of reportage when it made 1 Notes the Death óf Franco I Radical feminism is saying something more would get us if the blast didn't," 1. on Muste attempts to deal with the reality of "The radiation on the AlJ. Memorial Institute than this which many are choosing to ig- I Murmy Bookchin women's stn.rggles in "revolutionary" she argues. Me IWIN, 1U20l75], and hope that her nore; namely thattheprocess we use to Portugal is the problem. Articles have ap- I have Ban The Bomb and Doublemint Gum singing together inside me. 18. Res¡stance Against Fascism in Spain words will bring new donations, larye and otganize our society at present is at the with- peared in Power of l4)omerz (a British I drink powdered milk aged 6 months in our basement because of Croig Simpson l small, to the Institute. A movement root not only of the oppression of women the Insti- feminist pape¡) andMaiority Repott. T1l.e 90 out funds cannot function and but all oppression. Pacifists have been say- fallout strontium 22. With the People at Reagan's Opening tute provides one of the best ways of current isste oî Off Our Backs contains whenever I can get ¡t. ing something similar about process for a and whole milk, lohn Lomperti directing funds to the educational wo¡k of further information on the development long time. Historically pacifism has been Their discussion is unreal like the even¡ng news the nonviolent movement. of Portuguese lþminism in a long article, 24. Dom-lnt I Ed Sanders identified as a women's point of view. It but I know my mother's getting into trouble with a policeman I would like to make a couple of cor- some of which is a reprint of an article by '26. seems to me that radical feminists are and move toward her till my forehead touches her soft fur lapel. Changes rections to Wendy's piece. She states that Jo Anne Preston published by New articulating what is basically a deepei under- of violent "Well-get into yôur car then,"' I 28. Reviews the Institute helped send WRL's delegates American Movement. The report I standing of nonviolence and its sou¡ces. I to the Intemational Conference of Peace âttíicks on MLM and the general indiffe¡ence the man splutters. don't think what Leah Fritz was asking for Researchers and Peace Activists (ICOPRAPA) and hostility with which Portugrrese It's where we're go¡ng anyhow Cor,\er: Walk logo designed by Ed Hedemann. was only a broader coverage of women's and to the WRI Triennial "both held in Bel- feminists are faced with from the left so we settle'in and drive away l liberation aôtivities (though I would certain- gium last summer." Actually both con- political parties are in all the above men- from a crime for which others haVe been-jailed; STAFF ly zupport this); rather I feel she was calling ferences were held in Noordwijkerhout, The tioned articles. \ for an emphasis on incorporating a feminist siient with triumph and r t Nethe¡lands. More importantly, though, the My hope is then that just as David indi. perspective with the already nonviolent we children, wi,th relief. Maris Cakars ' Sus¿n Cakars Institute did much more than simply send cates how radicals have been slow to wake , of WIN. To me this is highly ¿ I stare out thè window from the seat beside my mother, Dwight Ernest' Mary Mayo. Susan Pines : WRL's delegate to ICOPRAPA. In fact it .perspective up to ecological and envi¡onmental issûes bppropriate; and it is only to be expected not ready to turn to her; Fred Rosen . Murray Rosenbllül was the Sponsoring Organization for this which a¡e so very real, so too will radicals that since most men have yet to look how fear my eyes wergand how conference and had there been no AJMMI, wake up to the ieality ofpatriarchy and to reveal full of seriousl! at feminism as a plocess, that is questionable whethe¡ the conference understand that absent a commitrnent to dazzled, UNINDICTED it women will leàd in this direction. So far; taken place. As the principal or- feminism there will be no revolution. This Mattlln CO€ONSPTRATORS could have in fac! only women have attempted to -Sharpn have particular seems tâke us back to understand- ganizer of ICOPRAPA I make this connèction fo¡ WIN readers. hope to reason to be grateful to the Instifute and ing events in Portugal too, for while no léft Jan Barry. Lancc Balvlllc 'Tom Bruêkcr especially to Ralph DiGia who did yeoman -'iî3-P,Y*iTf political party supports the MLM, feminists a.ng Social u.stice qry::-1.. Jbrry Co-fllnr. Lynnr Shatzkln Coffn' . - it :, åï The Continental Walk for Disarmament f !q* I Ruth | ' : such parties, for the th^e com¡ng year. Ann Davldon Dlåna Orvlcs' Drrr i work in assisting with the raising and the continue to wo¡k for ;Ëõrú; Töi;ili oe a ma¡or focus for act¡vists throughout Rrlph Dlcl.r. Brlan Þohorty. Wltllåm Douthârdt of a large part of the funds women of MLM see the links between forum Tor tne Foldy disbursement iviÑ ü¡tl bé report¡ng on ¡ts progress as w€ll as- prov¡ding a K¡rãn Ourblnt. Chuck,Fagor. Scth for the conference. capitalism and women's oppression. The this while continuing to J¡m Fofest. Larfy Gafa. Joan Ll.bþy Hawk *irf raises. We'll be dóins Hedomann Those of us present at ICOPRAPA feel left potitical parties however don't seem to ,l'"ìv dli.,ï¡äi"-t|rï"t¡ã (see Nell Haworth . Ed Sóain to Los Angeles Gracc HÇdomann. Hcndrlk Hert¿barg' a good in the tâsk of unde¡stand the links between capitalism keeo an eve on ¿"u"loptËits;;;ù;h";from . we made beginning what we're here for' KårlaJay. Mrrty Jazsrt. Brcky Johnson linking action and research. Those who I have just read the article "Nuclear Oppo. and patriarchy, links which make patriarchy iO throuú 29). That's N¡nèy Jônnson. Plul Johnson''Allson K.rpal """åt Please do what can to keep woi¡ld like to assist in car.rying this task for- sition in Europe" [WIN 9/25175]. In the á mighty buttress to capitalism as it divides "'ä;;;;"'','iåãií *¡ittã"t vour help. vou crrlg-Kàrp€lc John Kyp.r r Ell¡ot Llnlorr McReynoldsr o workshop ûrst paragraph of the article it is stated and drains the working class and reelgates ;;iilÉ'"n¿ oi its longvovage' -wlN Jâckson Mac Lowi D¡vld ward I invite to order a set of the th"ï;i;;';;llid; Davld Morrls. Mârk Morrlsr ' Jlm P€ck reports of the confe¡ence (eight reports on that "due to public protest in New Zealand, women out of ihe revolutionary ptocess. T¡d Rlchârdi. lgal Roodcnkor¡ N¡nCy Ró¡cn themes such as "nonviolence fesearch and the government there has called a perma- GARY MITCHELL Ed Slndars. WGndt Schwartzr. Martha Tñom-qtg¡ You c its application," "liberation movements: nent halt to its nuclear program." Unfor- New Brunswick, NJ Art Wå¡kovrr. Alldn ng BGverly WoodwlrGl . r Måmb.7 of WIN Ed¡torlal Boård

$ Box 547 / ßifton / New York 12471 Tel ephorr: 91 +339:45Es

! wlN ls publlltr€d wookly €xcapt for th-a {lrst $45,000 $50,000 two wcoks ln J¡nuary, the last weak ln M-rrch' thc llrst w€ck ln June, th€ last two wscf¡ ln $5,000 $1o,o0o $ 15,000 $2o,ooo $25,ooo August, and tha frrst two wa.ks ln Saptcmber by W.l.N. M¡glzln€ lnc. wlth tho s¡pport of th€ War Rösl3t€rs Loaguo. Subtcrlpt¡ons arc tli.Oo por ycar. Sccond class postage pald ôt New York, NY lOOOl. lndlvldu¡l wrltcrs atã @@@o rasÞons¡ble for opln¡ons c'(pres¡aal and accuracy of iacts g¡ven. Sorry-m¡nuscrlpts cannot b€ re' truncd unlcss åccompanlcd by ð 5Êlf-addfe¡såd 3t.mp.d rnv€loòe. Pr¡ntcd ln USA

Æi On Augu.st 6, 1945, w¡th the atomic bombing of the people of Hiroshima, war should have become unthinkable. Whatever war had been before the nuclear age,- whatevér logic human beings and naiions had used to justify the slauihteiot ifle¡t neighbors, on that day war be.came, indisputably,-a crime againsitrumanity. o years - -Today, 30 later, war remains a cnime against humanity. That fact is still not clear to citizens of the United States. It is still not clear to our neighbors on planet Eãrth. Most dangerously of all, it is sti¡ not clear to the leaderioi g;;ñ- ments, to those who now have it in their power to destroy-us ãnd oui planei. . Since 1-945 we, as Ameritans and as human beings, have.been preparing death for ourselves. We have been preparing death for future genentions. lt is the death of nuclear annihilation. irye arã unable to express the human ruin¡ng, ;-hi"rL ¡t the only real meaning, of nuclear war, other than to say that it would likely be total deith-ot ours"Ñãs, åui'ü"ií¡tiüo", our planet. Since 1945 we have been waging another kind of war on our neighbors. lt iq the death of sickness for which there is not enorigh medicine. tt is the death ofst¿rvation because there is not eîouth fooã. i;;;;""; nr-r¡."t war ties w¡thi; power. ;; But what of those who are dying now because we attend to miliiary matters before we heed the cries of human suffering? For 30 years-the great powe.rs have talked about d.isarmament. They have called for disarmamenf while planning new weapons. They_have denounced each other while budgeting more funds for death. They have talked to ur dt iirt Ëonìiol while making their bombs and missiles more deadly. Ãnd ioday th" nit¡ons are more h'eavily armed than ever. Thirty years have passed, and it is st¡ll not clear to all that war has become a crime against humanity. rbl4JÉtll- Thirty yeais have passed, and it is still not clear to alt that to prepare for war is to mãke.wai, 1...... ¡o6uruu WE NEED TO ACT DISARMAMENT_ BY Ed HederÍiann represent¿tives from or- '. We ask you to join with us in a Continental Walk for Diy THE REVOLUTTONARY IMPERAT¡VE Why would anyone donate fifty bushels of wheat to a gioups in consultation with which meets every twoweeks' most armament and Social Justice, a walk which will cross l/B of It is in this spirit that we invite you to join with us in our wal k across the North American continent? Why ãanÞed regions) the planet's su¡face. lt may seem to mâny to be a small and march across the length and breadth of this country during would anyone walk across the North American con- õf the orgãnizing and decision mak¡ng remains at the weak action in face of the high councils of government But the celeb¡ation ofits 200th year. ti nen t? regional and local levels. the case for disarmament must be taken to the people, town We i¡rvite you to join with us in declaring our. iirdepen- There are perhaps as many reasons as there are The best organ¡zed region to date is in California. by town. There is a powerful symbol in this simple action of dence f¡om the machinery of death. We invite you to join walkers, organizers, and supporters from the 47 states*- San Francisco office is staffed by four people- .walking a realization that great goals are reached slowly, and A with us in declaring our interdependence with our neighbors who have eipressed interest in'the Wd k. The Montana Steye Ladd and Scott that so ñ¡ndamental a change as we demand must begin in Stephanie Brown, Ann Gonski, . on all parts of the globe. donated the wheat is responding to the our neighborhoods and our communities. Fo¡ he¡e is where fitrmer who Ullm¡rn. Peter Klotz is the Northern California . Today, almost two cenh¡ries after the start of Jhe Ame¡i- grain Union. Or' the iss¡es must.be discussed, and here is where true action Ford-Kissinger sales to the Soviet coordinator, operating out of Santa Cruz, and Mandy can Revolution, the revolutionary actìs disarmament. The will begin. ganizers in Vanõouver/Seattle area (which will have a the same fol Southern California. revolutionary act.is to idèntify and eliminate the causes of Carter is doing Military spending priorities continue.to rob ou¡ sisteis and ðar caravan leaving for San Francisco on January 1 ) war, which,lie in the.sexual and social and economic stîuc- Two regional meetings have been held in California, brothers on this planet of dignity and even of life itself, while are focusing oä the Trident Submarine. People in New tu¡es of our societies. The revolutionary act is to recognize Area women are cur- continuing to fuel the ûres of inflation and unemployment nuclear power plants. as.well as severàl local ones..Bay that life and su¡vival will come f¡om our willingness tó strug- England will Oe working against Foreign policies based on fea¡ and mistn¡st continue to foster rently drafting a leaflet relating sex¡sm and militarism, gle against all who hold powet over other human lives. The The Wdl provides an opportunity to be part of a ever-increasing amis stockpiles. Nuclea¡ arms continue to and plans are underway for a promotional women's .revolutionary act is to divest ourselves of all power that is dynamic and exciting event during a year which is not threaten total dest¡uctio4. Non-nuclear arms continue to be festival, music, dancing'films, and theater power over other human lives. the bicentennial of the United States, but an with uæd to repress social changè and to preserve patterns ofinjus only Thp United Statei was the fi¡stfiation'to unleash year and the first year"since 1950 in which The lnternatioåd Fellowship of Reconciliation 'tice, while carrying the risk of escalation from limited wa¡ to '¡or ìhe hor election 4 of nuclear wa¡. Now it possesses an a¡senal of death un- in Vietnam . recehtly announced plans to coordinate an ¡nterna- .., total nuclear war. 1 the US will have no irwolvement ! rivalled in human gu We cannot wait for the govemments to act of their own history. It is fitting that we should renew , tional wal k for Au st, '1976, in France, starti ng from year ¿ ORIGIN acco¡d.lVe know that those who conttol the governments ou¡selves in 19"16, the of the Bicentennial, that weàs the World War I battlegrou nd of Verdun. residents of this country should.lead the way in demonst¡at- are trapped in the illuiion that militarism caniefend the irr Though the idea for the Continental Wal k grew out of Wood (New Orleans) has expressed interest in ing that peaie and disarmament a¡e in_ou¡ inlerest and the Bill terests of thei¡ nations and their peoples. The last 30 years a desiie to focus on disarmament, there was a realiza- investigating thç possibility of several people floating have shown that, without public prèszure,'govem- inte¡est of all humankind. mæsive tlon from the beginning that disarmament could not down the Mississippi from Mipneapolis to New Orleans ments will not take a single step towa¡d disarmament. Only We believe that every step taken by each person on tþe be taken in isolation. The struggle against the arms raising similar issues. This "continental f oat" might ' after extraordinary inteinational preszure, including mass lValk across the nation will be a step toward the distant þut and militarism must be intertwined withthe strug' Walk St. Lou¡s. demonstrations, direct actionq and civil disobediencg did the vital goal of disarmament, toward sürvival, toward the allevia- race intersect the at I gles if they are to succeed. United States and the Soviet Union finally end the atmospheric tion ofthuman zuffering, toward the elimination of the causes for social ¡ustice Other ideas have been suggested: planting trees . - lhe 1974 Nation' testing of nuclear weapons. of war. A task force was formed'by WRL along the route, br¡nging a giþantic helium-inflated doing a maior project on It is we the people who have allowed these military We believe that disarmament is the greatest and most ur- al Committee to look into dove or peace symbol along and 5 million people on machines to be built and it is we who can dismantle them by gent rnilitarism'and disarmament. This task force b¡ought challenge facing humanity. We will begin walking to lnterstate 40 on July 4, holding hands to link both our action. It is in ou¡ power to say no to the machinery peace groúps which,'after of meet that challenge in early 1976. We hope that you will join iq a numbpr of interested coasts. Wh¡le some of these ideas are off the wall, a death. It is in ou¡ power to say yes to life and future. your steps with a cross'country walk focue . ours. seveial meetings, decided lot of enthusiasm has been generated and people feel from the Call bé the most timely and ef' ing on disarmament wouid that this is an effective, continent-wide event that they fective proiect. SIGNERS OF THE can participate in. CALL TO'THE CONTTNENTAL WALK r Though'there was general enthusiasm for the idea, ' Ralph Abernathy Bobèrt McAfee Brown Jutes Feiffer Éenjamin spock only the War Resisteri League (in an expanded Beila Abzug Stephen G. Cary W.H. Ferrv Dorothy R. Steffens STRUCTURE OF THE WALK Robert Alpern Joseph Chalkin James H, Forest meeting) gave the4oahead for M¡chael Gloria Steinem Executive Committee Ananla N.gam Clomsky Larry cara l.F. Stone Fifteen years ago the Committee for Nonviolent Ac- Joan Baez wllllam Sloane Cotftn Nlchbta ee¡qer Paul Sweezy the project. A proposal was drafted in light of Richard Earnet Dorothy Qay Atlen c¡nsbõrq Ethel Taylor criticisms and comments from several individuals and tion (CNVA) sponsored the San Francisco tô Moscow Norma Beckêr Karen Decrow Ed Gu¡nan Studs Terkel Anne M. Bennett Dave Dell¡nger Mike Háirinqton elman ltall¡e with a half dozen groups. This proposal Wal k for Peace. Though the current Continental Walk Dan Berr¡gan Ron Jean Claude van consultation Dellums James Hauqñton George Wald in has a lot of similarities with th¡s pioneering effort, the Phil¡p Berrigan Shelloy_Douglass Dorothy Héatey oeM Waskow called for a May coalition meeting which resulted Albert Blselow James Dougtãss Nat Heñtoff Art Robert Cora Weiss the formation of the steering committee for the Walk differences are many and significant. Bly Mart¡n Duberman Donald Katlsh BeverlY Woodward Jul¡an Bond Dånlel Ellsberq Yino Lee Keilev Margaret Wr¡ght and the involvement of ten national peace and social The main route of the Wd( beginning in San Èran- Kay Boyle Barbara Ehren-re¡ch Hon-ey Knopp ' Andrew Young Harry Boyte Rlchard Falk corl¡s-s uambnt Ron Voung justice grouPs. ' cisco January 31, will cut through 13 st¿tes before it Anne Braden S¡ssy Farenthold Bernard Lee Frank P. Ze¡dler ends in Washington DC,'sometirñe in October. The M¡llen Brand Mlmi Farlna Shirtey Lens Carl Z¡etlow REGIONAL ORGANIZING lrma Ziqas several branch routes (see map) will raise the total SPONSORI NG ORGAN IZATTONS Though the Wal k has a steering/coordinating commit- number of states involved to 32, so far, plus Canada. Amerlcan Fr¡ends tee (composed of representatives of the sponsoring and Mexico. Service Cômmittee; Cathol¡c Peace F-ellowshlp; Catholic W_orker-: C.tergy & L¿¡ty Conç.erngd; ieilowsh.ip of Re.conciilat¡on; s-ane; southern chrlstian Leadershlp êonrerence¡ wã nls¡siãilleãõiä; i¡åi råi-à'esiliãi'celi'".",!ì:%å hiåT"Î91tf;{J?3it":lg'#r-?tWöri'íeñ sti¡üe ii [",iî!i.ii:' approximately 100 persons have expressed rionár Leasue for peace,& Freedom. Though rAlaska, North Dakota, and Utah are the only holdouts' interest in doing long distance walking, the emphasis ENDORSING GROUPS WIN 5 lnternåtional Confedelation for D¡sarmament & Peace; lnternationat Fellowsh¡p of Reconc¡tiatioh; War Resisters, lnternat¡onat. / i , -.l -æ-.- people is on walking through their own communities for events in DC, send them !o the Continental Walk to link up with people in the nextones. The Walk is 9flg. _ol to Gail Pressberg AFSC, 1 501 Cherry Srree! expected to average 15 miles per day-20 miles per Philadelphia, PA 191 02. day on the open road, and 10 miles in metropolìtan Disarmament is not only ai urgrnt questioir,iecause eating away at our spending power and millions of (the Peoplç are suf- peopiè are out of work. Hardest h¡t by th¡s crisis are areas SF to Moscow Walk averaged 3 miles per coNTtNENTAL WALK ADDRESSFS we may all die in a nuçlear holocaust. day). Organizers in each community are encouraged to feringtodoy, in this country and all over the world, minority peoples, women and old people. NATIONAL not simply "see" the walkers through their community,' because we have not disarmed. . According to various studies by economists and but to relate the Walk to local concerns..lflocal peo W{k, 339 Lafayette Sr., New,york, EVery community that the Continent¿l Walk will , llç -C-o¡JLn.¡,ql members of Congress, spending on the military is one NY 1 001 2, 212-677-5455. ple are battling a proposed nuclear power plant or the go through hæ very,pressing needs that are not being of the prime causes of our current inflation. As Sena- jobs, closing down of a day care center, then the Walk'can REGIONAL met. People are conierned about. food þrices, tor Alan Cranston puts it: "Military expenditures are quality incorporate a people's hearing a teach-in, a debate, housing, adequate medical care, education, the most inflationary. They do not produce goods or Washington-Tom MacLean, c/o Soup clean, stage some guerqilla theater, a festival, a demonstration & Salad Rest., childcaie, a good publîc transportation system, services people can use, nor do they really cantriblttg 40 Lower Pike Place, Seattle, WA 98101, 206.623- and many issues which to focus on those concerns. cheap sourcðs of energy, other to the national security. . .Our cuirent inflation + 5700. Each step along the Walk, people will be asked to affect their daily lives. While these needs remain unful- started with the huge costs of the Vietnam War." '' sign a petition. lf we collect 200,000 signatures, we Gorm an- Pru n ry, A FSC/CALC, filled, the desires of the military-industlial complex 9¡9C31_ çl¡z.aberh studies reveal, as the Bureau of Labor should be able to unroll a petition in Washington, 2032 SE 1 1 St., Portland, Oregon are being met with vast sums of.money, material re Further DC, 97214. jobs one mile longt. sources, and human enerw. ' Statistics noted, that "Dollar for dollar, more Northern Califomia: non-military spending" Though the Those of üs working for the national organizing òf- The focu5 of the Wd k is not only disarmament can be created by North of Bay Area-David Patton, 817 Cypress Ave., sho.w each billion fice of the Wdk are frantically trying to get buttons, but also sociat jutstice. As human beings we have a figures vary, all of these studies that U kiah, CA 9 5482, 7 07 -462-0421. from military production into posters, leaflets, and petitions designed, and need and a right to live decent lives in a iust Sbciety. dóllars redirected þrinted, SF Bay Area-The Continental Walk, 1380 Howard production can producg anywhere from 5,000 out to organizers. Mary Robinson is coordinating the ln order for those needs to be met tþq priorities of civilian St., San Franciscq CA 94103, 411626-6976. more jobs. The military's huge cost-over' production of an Organizers' Manual. All this is in ad- this country (and most countries) mdTt radiðafly to 100,000 South of Bay Area-Peter Klotz, The Continental waste, the need for more dition to taking care of the correspondence, sending change. The Wal k is a way of calling for those changes. runs and combined with Walk,127 Franklin St. No. 3, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, (and therefore more highly paid) em' out calls (70,000 distributed so far), putting out the While demanding disarmament we are demanding iur highly skilled 408-425-0436.' ployees weapons systems, lead to this bi-weekly Walk NEWS to organizers, keeping the mail- tice. for building Southern Califomia- Mandy Carter, Th e Conti nen tal. spending tó civilian ing list in order, trying to keep the regions in touch This year the Federal government will pour over situation. Redirecting military Wdk, 3359 Canyon Crest Road, Altadena, CA 91001, production elim[nate unemploy' with each other. Though the day-teday operation of $100 billion of our tax money into military programs, would not totally 213-797-8973. should ment but would be a step in that direction. " the offce is t¿ken care of by Larry Erickson, Joanne thus robbing every community of money that Arizona-Lani/Joe Gerson, 1114 Maple, Tempe, AZ be used to meet local needs. That's about 55% of our Sheehan and Ed Hedemann with help periodically These studies should help alleviate fears among 85281, 602-967,8431. tax dollars that will go to the Pentagon. For an aver' many that disarmament means putting defense work' age family of four, according to estimates of SANE, al- THREE IMPORTANT JANUARY D/|TES Texas/Oklahoma- Mary Robí n son, Th e Co nti nental ers out of work. A well-planned program of conver' Walk, 1713 W. 11 most $2000 of their taxes will go for military pro 1-Acar caravan from St., Austin, TX 78703, 5'12-47+ sion carried out over a number of years would help ,ANUARY Vancouver, British grams, while only $300 will go for health care, $257 Columbia start 51 55. create more iobs and put workers in a more stable iob will a trek down the West Coast, for education and social services, and $107 for com' through Seattle and Portland. Kansas/Missouri-Mike Haught, The Continental Wal k, situation that is dot at the whim of unpredictable This caravan will reach munity and regional development. But there is more Ukiah (California) arou you 3950 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, MO 66103, 81G milit¿ry spending. nd lanuary 21. lf úant to it than that. to participate, in the caravan, contact 432-0350. - the Portland or , Right now, the United States is in the midst of its But war and the preparations for war have become Seattle organizers. Chicago Area-The Continental Wd k, c/o Women for , severest economic crisis in four decades. lnflation is avery profitable business in this country. Not only ,ANUAßY 23-People will walk from Ukiah to San P eace, 2240 N. Li ncol n, Ch i cagq lL, 31 +929-6690. Francisco.,ContÃctotganizers in Ukiah if you want New England-Ed Lazar, AFSC,'48 lnman St., Cam- to be a part of that leg. a.i, bridge, MA 021 39, 617-86+3150. ,ANUARY 31-The Walk begins in San Francisco with a rally. Contact the Bay Area offce for details. THE CONTINENTAL WALK are They need all the help they can get. 339 Lafayette Streêt, New York, NY 10012 212-677-54ss o from Rick Gaumer, Grace Hedemann, Jim Peck, David Mc Reynolds and ,Ralph DiGia and volunteers, we are continually' scrambling to keep our heads above the SC paperwork. So anyone in the New York City area who ADDRESS-PHONE- would like to help, please give us a call. I ln addition, there are special task areas such as long CITY-STATI.. ZI distance wdkers' coordination and traíning (handled by Gail Pressberg), publicity, fund raising and hare not coordination of speakers. I support the Walk; please keep me info¡med. I would like to walk through my community. O THE FINALE - I am interested in walking a large palt and perhaps the - whole dista¡ce Groundwork is underway to develop a scenario for across the Continent. - I would like be the end of the Walk in Washington, DC. Sometime in to an organizer for the Walk in my citY/¡egis¡' October, wal kers will simùltaneously enter Washington -- from the North, thelSouth, and from the West (may- I am willing to house some of the walkers if they stop in lny community. be even from the East, if,Scott Herrick brings his sail- - am interested in spgnsoring a long distance walker. up the Potomac). The Southern route 19 expected ,boat Enclosed is to have heavy participation fr:om SCLC. $-. to help with the organizing ex- -,1 penses. The finale may,be a multi-day evgnt involving a - I can help in other way film festival, music, speeches, religióus services, [eaf- Plepse send copies,of thc (tall to letting, seminars, and preparations for continuing the -- --- mc;enclosed is $- to cover rrxpenses. ( I 0rl each, 5 251, tsY Ladd struggle-si.nce we don't expect the government fo for Joanne Sl'reehan and Steve - 100 for $4, 1000 for $35. "surrender.r Suggestions for demonstration sites in- clude the White House, Congress, HEW, lRS, Depart- ments of Labor and "Justice." But the most often cited target has been the pentogon lf you have ideas

6 WIN WIN 7 Over-reliance on technicalities, of course, has draw' backs. As an example there's the case of my generally m il i tary p rotec t American bu siness í n te gh ,{o:t_'rh. rests- man's army because i ntel I i gent al th ou gh occasional ly reacti onary nei bor, r-n cou.nrries, it also fills ttre they can,t.get jobs anywhere else, _ojher. cofàii ãi defense only ro be kícked who agrees, despite some of his other politics, that pro contractors here with huge profits. out of the,iï¡iåivïiifltad dis_ ftle l¡ne between charges, duction of nuclear overkill is economically unsound militarv securirv ana far out of proportion t" tr.l,jii corfioiatã ,är"i¡iv'*ì, tong ago in the- might even concede that it can be the least bit erased.as rhe inierests 'b;rh armed serv.ices; when they raise tneir voliËi'against"rriers and iust i;;;iåJorä ¡nt.n to our security. But there's no way that he's rwined in rhe mitirary_indu;;¡ia¡;;rõiJ*.'ir,r"f racism in the military. i dangerous ron Women goin-g to warm up to a discussion, for instance, of thé "l porations involved in'defense suffer much from the nature of American .ontra&i *lrk hand in priorities relative merit of multilateral t¡eaties as a means to h.and with the pentagon ro powårïu*l'lobbies which favor. military neeãiäùoi. t,rrnun create in achieve general and coniplete or uni- Wash i needs. For insrance, the disarmament, ngton. th ar pusË for. ;; p ñ;; rï' ilruponr unemployñ"-i;; among ryr- women is substantically lateral disarmament as opposed to'b¡lateral af45 ço.[t: ritirary atIocarioni. In addiriän, highei ttrân among men. But :.^T-:119 ,ililirv äi- the connections trol negotiations. Just no way. ncers olten become top executives between sexism and militäism goes in busínesses with much-deeper This has been the disarmament problem-it's beon. conrracrs,.and'many of theie ã^rcîtiu", than rhar, and in facr ,tri[ä ii'ttl. urry 9:l:nrrgain ort"n basis for pe-opte a specialty item. By our neglect of disarmament while powerful positions in dhe federal arming. tf we toãt ãià'iàìv åt rhe so*nrnrnt of power use working on various other urgent social concerns, we've wh ere rh ey can in fl u enie "'it'itãiï of peopte, at-possessivenò" d;;irñ;;';å;; ."_ äïp"äólä ãi"- conceded it to the specialists. The language of disarma- penditures. resources and at one dimensional thintine ;h¡ch ment has been consigned to the realm of iargon. Dis- What this means is that ¡ecognizes.only one righr, we ¿iscãuéi it,åsË'to the struggle for disarma_ pecrs o. us- armament is missing from the public forum as well as ment and s.ociat justice of milirarism and sexism. wn, ü in irãliry cannor U, iri".iiirl-h;; øiüä, rh;- the public agenda. att¿cking the.corporate u.ttim.are expression of machismo ãnJ iü, üåur.rt from structure *Àl¿h control ¡n_ Meanwhile, as my neighþor can tell you with over peoples lives and dication rhar men dominare il;;;i.ry';n-Jour ' iusti- dominates orr. ,ifìt.rv policies. wortd can, New York resi- Sì rhar rhey fiably more dismay than I City mpt y.march in g agai nsr rh,t; ;;;;;';vr'tä :11:ll have rhe óã*ritä ¿1, úoy it. expend¡ture or. *,ut l,i,l:we go ro war because men , dents are about to be subiected to still higher levels of will have only know no other way tó , a very'lir¡iéã-"ifrrt unl.ss relate to taxation in order to "solve" our financial problems. we. also srrike ar the reason, each other than through äi tn" r", inå'rniriiuiy priorities crisis is the fact that the being set. threat ofviolence. preparation ior "i"l.nråuálti. iJrurs Oriè reason for our local fiscal tr,. government's priorities.have been Militarism and many emotional and material interests federal spending arms are inevitably linked to re- of men, and ' pression nlay ing men,s rot (Got building up the economies of statevwith heav.y con- and dictarorship. Theyarãíh;;;;^ ¡lom,!f, es da M eiianã-l n dira for bandhU, trom their centrâtions of military production, at the expènie of qerpetuatin g social i n justic, ui¿ rronãrni, m19ho ego interests to their cor- ãppr"u porare st¿tes like New York which are heavily dependent on sion. Wirness the US iole,in ínreresrs. We bu ild u p"óu r,¡tit"ii lÀ¿ãcñini'inîiou¡¿ine i"'i¡aicu lous civilian production. And one result of this policy has pjli?ry_ aid,to hetp overrhrow rhe .proporrions so that we can make sure tr,åt-*å'"iãii,ä' etecred teaders in "ròughest,, ,,manliest,; been a net loss to New York City of federal revenues r.tlre,.tn atdtng dictators in.South philip- or the nii¡ãn'in-i'rr, *ån¿. Korea, the dominarion Ïr. that could have prevented the city's budget crisis if prnes, and Spaìn; and in aiding otheieóväi;ments of these mititarisiic ãridil;ÌÅ""l. popular to society is one of the the city had been allowed to spend a just share of its Sppress movements for sel f-ãetermination. most.btata";;i;;;;;;iàr, *uy, that sexist attitudes own people's money on its own people's needs. And The military is no lon-ger used protectour are reinforced. They perpetuate to borders and reinforce one result of this is more taxes. or make rhe world safé for ¿"moiruiv,-¡iin male rule,.mat" powèr, ãnä ,*åiu iact it tudes that very The Continental Wd k for Disarmament and Social ever was. Rarher it is used ro projecr effectivótv *oni""';¡i'ii,i¡r."tti ptace,,, äi,J Jåf.n¿ tn ggt .!.r'p is going to make a lot of connections-connec' srru es f or gay t Justice American pol i ricat un ¿ poïå 1,119,:! iue?atiãn'ii',,uü n orrul.,, r"uä roua. I n worKlng ïor disarmarnent tions between people, connections between com' make. rhe.wortd""onãñiù' safe for ÄÃãi¡rä;r'ãorporare must mean working for îj9"_ir9 sociat tt means munities, connections between two coastlines, and tnvestments, the US mu.st defend þstice. thar we ;; ;;;; THE and reinfoice those about food, shetrer, jobs, connections between and among many local bread- governments that are supportive chitd;";r;ä*ri;_tife"fTJr¿n"¿ ir_ t of our ecolomic in- self-than and-butter issues and the broader issue of disarmament. ",i, terests in their countnes. having m'or. arm"ments than any other The Walk will take disarmament out of the libraries As opposition movements the capacity to btow ilrã wó,íaïp-' I I"SARNANENT . have become more vocal severat:::l[:il! [tmes and put it in the streets. lt will begi¡ to make disarma- in this country in recent years, over. Our government does not share repressü h;, increased these concerns. 'ment as urgent and immediate an issue in the public on the home fronr. The To brin! ail poãi ÀrJr.:.åiîuåou, ,i¡lit"iv riu, pla"y!äTsignincant poverry t, consciousness as it already is in reality. line in l97l,x St t.4 uilt¡on ,orlá''nlu" CONNEET'ON . ro repress trräse måvemJnìs, u..n And this is where reality meets dream, where rnefl..iT-tlTp.tins weapons, tactics. lr_r{.d. Thar was the tow estimatã thåt iust and other technology deúeloped"no vår iå, tfrc fact and fantasy come together. We don't'know by the mititary (pariicutarty &1 Bomber. The developmental exceii ånihr'A_l i; Vi;;;öirià on Bom.ber came whether a disarmed world will come into being..We numerous occasions been ro sz.r uiiliãn_ui;siii;Jää;, employed by Áormal police forthe needed RICK MAL¡SHCHAK can't be sure what a substantially disarmed world will forces. Many vererans,orc vetoed chitd care program . ii" lg'iïi\ dirråtly ;l;;iih; in.the Federat look like. But the fact of a world armed to the teeth is and become potice or prison Menrat H.åtñ'àîäejilr";j to"ut Writing about disarmament is as elusive as'writing about eråiãí ,¡tÀJ, úäruurc"rry million, $65 a reality. And the assumption that it will require even th.ey can find no otherwork,är. the same amount spenr ;ñ ;;; ,-lu u-iirort. one of those wondrous animals found only in medieval ú;A;;;';h.y feet their armaments to make us secure is not a fantasy, it mititary exp.eriences Fed.erat Heat th Bi JgãiJrnri*rv bestiaries. You can supply all sorts of vivid details more made tÉem ï.1ürr:täïlor. !* : :l? *ä, sz. ¡ people *,ut Dirron whtch is equal size, color, its habits and its personali- is a lie, a lie that is in process of starving in this kind of work. The resutt of ait thirï to the overrun cost on the c_5a about its form, i"'i"äråäri"slv aircraft and main None country and in all parts of the world, people who can't mitirarized potice and intrlrigèniä battte tank. fo Ou¡l¿ inã'åõrip ZSO ty. You can even give it a name. of this means f_;;;'ú;¿ä ,"r, jj,ôoo afford to be fed because military power is the top , en in 1e71,.and pav that such an animal exists, ever hæ existed, or for that tt y, an d br" åi i r."rñr^Irãräio ør. ;{: !t-It,'T.i t ;rp;; äouJrrn * gne:1".".! yeaf would priority of their governments. lt-i$.a lie that has com- ror soctat ch_ange. Any moves have cosr g6 billion. By 196éîe matter ever will. Disarmament is, at this point ¡n his' " for disarmament therÍ losr 6,000 had bined with irresponsible technology to bring us to the ; are,both a chailenge to rhe narure-"ilåóiriäåi aircraft ¡n ln¿oitriÀa_lä'rîí¡"írv"rÚ,. tory, the dream-stuff of peace activists, researchers and r,.* Ïl" very edge mass destruction and megadeath far be and a means ro blunr US power qc s.uþwgy ,vitá, (:!ril;;;;Ëiå"¿l edu cators. of rh.";ñ;ï;"he world. Y::Hp:"_lwas esrrmared yond the limits of our imagination. tL-r very core originally to çosr $Z.gg Oillion'which,is , Fables and fantasies, however, can sômetimes touch .å! of much of Ameriä,s miiitar¡stic '" gov- po.licies e,qual to the cosr of a nuclear u¡rrrufiunã reality more closely than facts and figures. So far the The dream of disarmament is more real than is both racism and,r*irr. roü" iåäää" '1973,.$3 sü;p; ¡" l1 billion was needed bulk of what's been written and said about disarma- ernment policies that revolve around militaristic as- this counrry Third WortcJ.proólä url-un :fjqt: to reuu¡iJ ãnt"iii'only to orgnred areas in US cities, ment consists facts and figures, mostly documenting sumptions. Those policies shut the eyes of their be. ex.pt oi ted.or i gnored. but what was it spent on? of rt,, iitr'r'.äi'dr"r¡rut Not the cities- proponents to the human suffering all. around them, prioríties.which favor "ãiv in various ways disarmament's non-existence. (The the military inãìiriloi""¡r" the suffering that could be alleviated in a disarmed venrures.inro Third Wortd best people-oriented primer I know is an article by counti¡ei ai tñ" ãipinr" or - world. Those policies shut the eyes of their prop.o meeting.human needs Homer Jack called "Everything You Ever Wanted to here is tÀe bái"ä[ãtiä" nents to the unspeakable peril that a nuclearized worl{ how rac.isr ati¡udes shape Know About Disarmamen! but dídíl't have the time the páiJir, äiäT'ü's. "rl, i, must face every day, to the hideous destruction non-white peoptes who to learn.t' lt's published by SANE and should be read irtrr ,irãsi riã; rh';"-' disarmament wrought by non-nuclear arms every day. The human priorities. tn rhis counrry minority by everyone interested enough in to be eiãupr'åiärlur¿"rt reading this issue of WlN.) lnformation about the cost of our failure to disarm is the only real measure of hir by ¡nflarion and unemptoyrritlr-tïv ;;.-;h" ones *Statistics technical side of disarmament is a necessity. the magnitude of the crime. who are forced to,,volunteei,;f_ií.,, fro¡î articte by Sey mour Metman *f.,i* Dec. 4, 1974. in Ny TIMES, The disarmament dream is real because it gives fore Rick Mqlishchak is a stoff member of the New York most consideration to thd human factor. lt is difficult 8 WIN Metropolìton Region of the American Friends Seruice if not impossible to conceive of a world of social, Committee ond works with the þ1 Bomberf Peace'- sexual, racial, and international justice that nontheless Conversion Compaign. remains armed to the teeth. Disarmament includes the wrN 9 , .: ,.\ :t : process of achieving iustice, and disarmament is a part nonviolent resistancb is a source of tremendous un- mdchines they operate. The regime could name of that process. Regardless of whether or not the tapped power in achieVing security without recourse Death normally invites eulory-€ven for a Mafia-cJpo ovenidas after him and saddle his'diminutive figure on revolutionary âct for American colonists in 1776 was to pre-emptive domination. Military power can offer Accordingly it'is not surprising that the delth of usual marble horses in nearly every city in Spain. What to pick up the gun, it is clear that the truly revolu- only the promise of mutual destruction, not real Francisco Franco summoned up the tiibute people could well rescue his reign from the opprobrium it tionary act for all of us in 1976 is to work to see that security. The long ánd generally overlooked history of froin the acolytes of "relevancy"-a genre of to deserves is forgetfulness, not forgiveness. A loss of a all the guns are put down, that they are dismantled nonviolent defense is something that the Walk will *ho ur. likely to praise any dictator from Stálin countries and usher- sense of history is perhaps the greatest support that and their parts used in building a new society and a seek to publicize. Some''military people who have Franco for "modernizing" their planetary the case of E/ could underpin the cult of "relevancy." lt is this for' new consciousness based on respect for listened to the case for civilian defense have been im- ing then¡ into the 'lindsutrial age." !n pack, He.praised getfulness, equalled only by thç ignorance that has human needs and active concern for human grievances. pressed, and there is no reasqn to suspect that the pub- Cãudiltð, Nixon happened Jo lead the iettled around the Spain of the thirties, that may well A major focus of the Continental Wd k will be to lic will be any less open Franco ás "a loyal îriend ahd ally of the United to this exciting option of peo Franco and gxalt his impact on promote interest in unilateral dísarmamenL Unilateral ple States. . .who brought Spain back to economic re' salvage the name of defending their own culture and their own values, . :.i policy Spanish society. : disarmament is a concept that will frighten and anger rather than relying on a military establishment covery" and '¡unified a divided nation through 1 . that Let me stress that if Francisco Franco wæ denied many people. lt is also one which needs to be injected hæ become a source of massive insecurity, both of firmness and fairness toward those who had fought ac' a place beside Hitler.and Stalin as one of histqry's'' into the public debate as a practical alternative to the politically and economically. The time is right in the against him." At the other end'of thespectrum, numbers' most terrifying mass murderers, it was only because of -current situation of national and global insecurity. We Bicentennial year to in¡tiate public debate on a truly cõrdins to some press accounts, unmeasured the demographic limitations imposed upon him by must introduce people to the conceþt in an intelligent revolutionary means of providing on boñ sides of ihe Spanish frontier opened their deterrence and de- peninsula, Hitler had the hundreds of mil' and sensitive way. We must educate people to the fact fense without the wine îasks and got drunk. I suspect that anlimmense the lberiañ hazards of militarism and a war to gollect his mountains that unilateral disarmament is not surrender. Together economy. section of Spanish public opinion is refected by those lions of Europe from which corpses; Stalin, the many tens of millions i¡ Russia. with its collateral concept of nonviolent civilian de- Nonviolent civilian defense is aimed at defending.a young Madrilenos who, when asked by Anrerican tele- of coffin, Franco was limited to 24 million people. Acêording to fense, unilateral disarmament is a far cry from the form people and their culture rather than at protecting on- íision interviewers why they filed P.ast the Gabriel jackson, a liberal histórian of the socalled of surrender that is currently a cornerstone of our na- ly the territory in which they live. lt involves ruñning bluntly declared that they wanted tö see if-the "old Civil War," some 800,000 died o-ut of those tional policy, the surrender of our entire population as some risks, but these are of a lesser magnitude than fascist" was reallY dead. "spanish between 1936 and"1945. The figure may ' hostages to the escalating spiral of the nuclear arms the ones we already run in a world whère nuclear 24million There is a comfortable conclusion toward whích all have been as high as a million. race. Just as "Out Now" was at first an extreme posi- capability breeds nuclear countêr-capability in â s€€nì: well sectors of opinion are likely'to converge' notably that tion on Vietnam and later came to be widely accepted, ingly'endless cycle. involves The "Red Terror" imputed by many historiañs lt a major overhaul of pub- Franco's death "spells the end ofan era." That Franco unilaterd disarmament needs to be the rallying point, lic perception of the nature and problem particularly to the Spanish anarchists (for whom Jack- of security. may be the "last" of the "old fascists" whose personali- the "cutting edge," of the growing disarmament move- But as a policy ratherthan a son has neither sympathy nor undèrstanding) is belied belief, it does not require ties gave a face to the cold technocratic fascism of our ment. any formidable overhaul people's by Jackson himself in a brief but tell¡ng sentence. "ln of moral values. A own-era has some truth, although Franco's "personali' An ineidental effect of unilateral disarmament's major objective Câtalonia and the Levant the anarchists arrested many of the Continental Walk for Disarma- tv" could accurately be dismissed as one shade of gray ' role as political vanguard will be to provide a greater ment and a landlord and monarchist on the assumption that he Social Justice is the promotion of nonviolent p;inted on another. ln terms of his personality, the share,of public credibility for other less radical civilian defense. had probably backed the uprising, but mostof these man was a deadening blank. The point seems to be methods of disarmament. people were released when the evidence, and the testi- Unilatera! initiatives for dis- Disarmament is also an envirsnmental issue. The provided a in contrast to present' that Franco "face," had known them for years,.¡n- armament are one such method. A foreign policy con- case for disarmament needs to be taken to people con- from the moåy of villageis who day bureaucrats who are indistinguishable the uprising" By sistently based on bold unilateral initiatives would cerned about the quality of life, because nuclear wea- dicatecl they ñad nothing to do with promote trust among peoples and governments, reduce pons pose the greatest existing threat to the planet. Murray Bookchin is well know to WIN readers for his contrast with the admittedly inflated figure of 20,000 tensions, and encourage reciprocal responses from There are enough nuclear weapons already stockpiled articles on ecological ond social problems' He has executions which he places in the republican zone, other nations. Such a policy would include unilateral to cqnceivably destroy the ozone layer that protects, wr¡tten, omong mony áooks, Post'Scarc¡ty Anarchism fackson observes that the "largest single cate-gory of by the Carlists, initiatives in decelerating the arms race (such as stop- all living things from ultraviolet radiation. Survivors of and The Limits of the City. His latest book The deaths were the reprisals carried out ping the 8.1 bomber) as well as in many other areas a nuclear war would envy those who died in the ¡nitial Spanish Anarchists is ìn press and will be published the Falangists, and the military themselves. Physical the lines was a con' (for example, establishing a publicly-held grain reserye blasts. The food clrain would bè deStroyed oi setiously this year. liquidation of the enemy behind earmarked for the poorer nations). As a new idea, the damaged. A slow and lingering death would await tbe concept of unilateral initiatives will usually be received survivors. Disarmament should also include thetis-' with much less initial hostility by ears that might màntling of nuclear power plants and reliance instead otherwise be deaf to the whole notioh of disarmament. on benign souroes of renewable energy. Security can It can serve as a viable fall-back position as well as hav- never be achieved in a world in which potentially ing its own validity and integrity. destructive nuclear materials are permitted to exist Two steps that must accompany any serious efforts and proliferate. toward disarmament are conversion and development Finally disarmament is a means to bring our coun- of an alternative Nl) defense system. Conversion can mean try into a more mutual relationship with other.coun. - either the concept of economic conversion of militar;z tríes and peoples. lnterdependence is à fact of lífe ãñd - - industries to civilian production and military bases to must receive recognition and embodiment in our civilian uses, or the concept of Peace Conversion. As political and social institutions. A "balance of power,, put forth by the national campaign to stop the B-1 between the superpowers is an outmoded concepl VIV A ON bomber, Peace Conversion includes redirection of tax There are numerous centers of political gravity, and dollars and industrial production to meet real hqman none are secure unless all are. Especially-terrifying is needs and therefore encompasses economic conversion. the research and development that is proceeding on ln addition it would include some radical social the cruise missile, a potential nuclear Saturday-night fßr+fvCo changes that would be related special practically DITATII to disarmament símul- that any nation would be able to taneously as causes (creating conditions favorable to possess and use. Unless all peoples perceive their disarmament- and effects (becomine more feasible as mutuality of interest in disarmament, a holocaust may progress toward disarmamdnt is madê). lt would mean become almost inevitable. Canadians will be foining us a decrease in the domestic economic pressures that in the Continental Walk, and Europeans are planniñg a l)l: contribute to acceleration of the arms race. lt would simu ltaneor.l s di sarmament activity. mean the freeing of countless workers who are now in Disarmament then, is more than the act of elimin- effect economic hostages to the weapons industry. lt ating weapons, and it is also less. lt is more because it mean improvements would in our way of life at home involves so many interrelated factors beyond the - and in the way we relate to our neighbors on planet simple question of whether or not to plan for and to trllAN0l) Earth, improvements that would be impossible in a use violence in defense ,,afford" of human values. And it is less heavily armed world. lt would enable us to in because the act of eliminating weapons will itself be economic terms a greater degree of trust and mutuality part of a larger process of transforming our lives and with other peoples. our societies. AboVe all, disarmament is necessâry. But But it would not require blind faith in others, good the one thing disarmament shares with nuclear holo intentions, the kind of faith that cartoon trom Liberation/LNs. llymurrilf bookchln will never mater¡alize, caust is that neither is, in the last analysis, inevitable. because it would be combined ivith an alternative History will not proceed without us. Let's point our wrN l1 means of defending human values. Civilian defense or toes in the right direction, IO WIN and walk. w t

stant.process throughout the war. The Nationalists Francð by ian "s'ocialism" as such. The Communist Party in every h.ad, b.y definition, far more enemies than the revolu_ as 1871, provided a strategic model for proved to aountry of the wprld is no more on the "left" than ttonar¡es: all members of populaf Front parties, all witttdruwing from Paris when his position . Fiinco s Falangei it can no more be-"red-baited" thän ' Masons, all officeho!ders of ucf or õñïrnìon, be unten4ble and returning with a cclnquerìng aimy or ot the followers oi George Wallace or Ronald Reagan' Casas del Pueblo, ali members of míxed iurìés wtrõ t¡i¿ r not to achieve victory but to enact a blgody "fnal To sþeak frankly, however, I strongly. fear' that lhis generally voted in favor of worker demañds. The iolution:' to the century'long unreSt of the Parisian re not sufiìce. is understandable'that the i pression took place in three stages. Franco followed an identical policy' verdict will lt At the outbrãil of Sãnvculottes. been*denied access to their me war, the arrests to capture the maior cities of Spaìn in sl"nistr oeople, who have and wholesale shootines cor- itivins faile¿ and well:"ori responded popular the thrust of his.rebellioh from ãwn r'r¡stbtv, will see in the well.financed to the revolutionary terror in tÈ'e luly, 1936, he shifted soSial I Spáñ¡str Communist Party á lever f9r ,^ Front zone; but there were a great many ,oiu L ti 6ical m it ¡t¿rv p ro nu n c la m i en fo, to ou tri gh t m¡ ¡- ea"i*a ílitim played ðh"ns". Sut ìt is utterlv unforgivablê that American because such arrests and shoolings were ãri'tonor.tt. The.soðial movements that had "' omüulty I y ose;: nearly 70 J Ëu top.un rad ical iirtel lectu al s, part¡cu arl th sanctioned and because so large ãpercentage of io óreutiv'. a role il Spanish history for . the- -. "n a non'authoritarian approach, so readily ' population were considered hõstilä. ln ttràià"on¿ uã"rt *tt" to be utteily uprooted and destroyed. This *ñå orofäs their moral probity with each change in the stage, th e National ist Army, conqu rr¡ns .rrü *iJ no ideological or iñstitutional act; its goal was trtr.n¿tt ;irlh political winds as to réinforce the illusion that the ' pe:n held by the pop-ular Fron! cairied outright eitermination of every militant erten'every l1d our heavy parties are soqially redeemable'4 Here the repnsats ¡n revenge for thbse of the revolutionaries focus of unrest. bommunist and and'the "contempora-rY-" rn order to control a hostile populace cult of the 'irelevant" þetrays with few also threatens to conceal the fai?'that' in thèr rroops. . third stage,'whiit-iirilJåiìeasr Forgetfulngss itself as ihe lack of an orgañic ¡nsight which , !n !he inro ""sp;i;ñ Ciuil wur" was above alhl sweeping social a part the tJre year "1943, ih; b-ackground of events is sãen as much of the military authorities carried out wordl, a revolution revoluiion-in Burnett Bolloten's future as the Present. mass cou rt-martial s fol I I I owed by arge-scal e execu tions. " in some respects pglslrevi.\ lf one adds 100,000 ,,battle'casuãlties"_a ';;;;;;;;ioun¿ thg.tñe. iiot form the prelude'to . loose ievoltition in its early stagesl and, I vûould be inclined Franco's victory in 1939 did phræe that often incìuded the execution prisoners_ 'the.second Woild War as the historians tell us. lt of to add, in any of its sfages. lt was primarily an anar' to the 2Q000 execuriøhs in the definitive end of the classical wórking class the republicañ zãne, the chist rêvolutíon, whethér guided by mæsive anarcho marked ay have sysrem I began in 1848 wi$ the inzur- f rygoi¡þ^m atical y slau gh te red ä ose svndicalist organizations such as the CNT'FAl or the revolutions wtiich June e an d. possi g gó, Parisiañ proletariat. by step¡ each lo J00,.000_.peopt bt y as' m anias ô00. ofanarchist agitation. Franco rection of the 9lép t-ollowing .ig¡g, résult of 70 vãars heritage, Franco's military victory in tnê ñ;hü irr-iJtåv.ttni wtl"t¡ãn ¡t had the resilience- maior Eurooean countiy exhausted'this ¡ slaughter began ìn earnesl'lt conti'nued,niéf heritage from which traditional anarchism and social- éniingf y to return in anything resgmbling its original form after up to the.early.fortíes, when Francq ism de-rived their hopes and their theoretical equip- courtinj th; ÃÉ the blood-lettiñg it s-uffered would now be idle specula' . ,lies after Hitler's retreats in Russia, ment. ln France, all the later fireworks notw¡thstand- beqan to ieddce üon in view of ïTre changed social conditions in Spain' the execurions.'possibly as many ing the heritage'ended with the fall of the Commune á SOï,OOó p;ö; l¡extricably bou nd !o F ranço's v ictory,-h oweveq were executed in this fiveyear oeriod. ¡n'i gZl. Thereafter, the French proletariat neler wæ-the aid he'acquired from the Spanish Communist I know of no account of tn¡i carnage more compell_ seriously challenged the established order a5o class, Party. lt ls impossible to write the,biography of- Franco, gf ing and dramatic than Elena de howevei.theatricá its participalion in the events the ' La Soüchere,s l,whln to giue an accöunt of his "National Movemen!" or to tjme stood still" in her deeply perceptive thirties and the sixties. lndeed, as a class its activity *olï Ài- exõlain his success without stressing the counterrevolu' ' Ex p I a n at io nbf S p øi n. I n was siohoned into ¡nst¡tütionalized parties 44d unions, Maári¿ aiãñã, ãuË óTrrn"n unt tionary role of Stalin and the Communists in Spain' courts-martial tried prisoners in ,,batches,' to which it has been obedient for more of 25 and . From ihe murder of Andres Nin in a sec.ret Stalinist organizations 50. Accusations were merely perfunctory, thãn a century. Evenûally, it was not Thier5 and his based orison to the Communist execúTion teams who shot primarily on charges of membership exeçutioners who were to bring the revoh¡tionary heri' q in a'íeftìit or_ wounded anarchist m¡lit¡amen during the Battle of gan¡zat¡on or participation an end, but the ad- in public office rather than the Commi¡nists has been t¿se of the French working class to supportable the Ebro, the'history of "atrocitiei." The percentage of . ueit of modern largescale industry and the powerful . ,blood those. . marked by such a ruthless commitment to counter' accused, rightly or wrongly, of i ; ; ãiåi"íí"¿ p"n th e wórke rs th emselv ei. c"rlmes, was revolutiori that it bears comparison only with Ebert ;i;;i ;l ;; minute," notes Sou.chere. Germanv. this era" was almost certainly over by iîollowing an aámonitory and Noske in Germany. The comparison was made in ln hãrangue by the military prosecutoi, itself in the assimilation of the Social the defense was the most cutt¡ng fashiôn by Camillo Berr¡eri, o-1e. o{ ù20, revealing allowed a "brief collectivè plea.', Thãn ì- an-d Communist partie¡ to the capitalist the entire the most widelf respected ltalian anarchists of his day, Demócratic group-was sentenced (usually to execution) tho era ended wÌth the crushing of without shortly before Íre too was killed by Stalinist agents in svstem.t ln Russia, the military judges so much as leaving the hearing the Kronstadt saiíors in'1921. Americ4 the center of : Mav. i937. in Baic'elona I room. .. production pør excellence, | :l iá t¡môiom" of us ôdme to realize that lhe Com- largescale industry and mass "A dumber of prisoners spent the level of a labor much less . months and some munilt ParW's activitíes formed perhaps the most . neüer even rose to Par'tY, trmes even years on death row and, two or three imoortant oTthe unwritten chapters in the history of an insu rrectionarv Proletariat. eveningsa w€ek, were submitted Militancv and viblence should never be confusedi to the anflish of Späniqh fascism. 1o place the party on the "left" had hearing thefr namcs on lhe rollcall - behavior and revolutionary action. of men io be - nìarfd¿ our deference more to symbolism, rhetoric, with revolutionary executed the next morning. ln American class struggle has been militant gngu$, Madrid during the first and tradition than.to political reality. What now bog- The two years pf the regime, there were at least but rarely hæ it evolved tb the Jevq! in which sizablé ,batch.' t-hree gles my mind is how little this harsh fact is under- hundred m.el il every nqmbers'of workers were to châlleñge.the social ordern . The conderlned spent ítoo'cl ioday'within and, far less excusably, putside of their last night in the prison chapel, standing itielf.'lndeed, never has it risen to tlie leve! of con- kneel- Spain. The'emergence of a i ni:lll wi despread tng, or seated on the -neostal :o wliere self-activity coùld yield the promise stone floor. At dawn, theii. hands that it,can enraoiure contributors-to WIN as well as sciousness were tied behind rheir backs and the iàwe'r l"ü, of the hacks wtro wìite for the Guardlan is evidehce of a their faces were bound with rubber muzzleà so that 'forgetfulness" much closer to ¡tupidity than to a lack of rñemory. As if the verdict of Spain were not - enough, a recent verdict from'Portugal m.ight seem to suffcã for vears to come. "The Communists have let - ús down again," b¡tterly declared a leftist iournalist in Lisbon aftãr tÉe recent'military uprising, "as they.let ,l the rest of the left down in Chile after the coup."3 l¡ is time to regognize that this is neither "treachery" nor "betrayal" but the conseq!.ences of a totally mis' auth orítar- i placed belief i n the revolútionary nature of

3. THE NEW YORK TIMES, November 27' L975.

12 wtN wtN 13

rancisco Franco in 1970. Photo from LNS. \ of self-management sle for their practical day'teday interests' Their or- which we assoc¡ate witlr a libertar- As a sizable part of the urban ¡iopulation, it is the, no longer presuppose a radical change ian socialist society. most significant,buffer tg "extremism.f, The new Ëanization wìll wìll presuppose precisely op- Späin alone r"ri¡.d the classical rradition WeÛ into ' managerial çlass and the aspirants that follow in its i'n society; rather, it .the capitalism, notagoinst it' This our own century. Here, every classical working class wake form the mass base- for a constitutional monarchy o"iit", íítrusele'with a negotiabl.e.one that movemenÇ ndeed, al most u a and kinJ of struglte is intrinsically .i every revol tionary sect, oi republic wôuld in themselves be sufficient to t played parameters of the prevailing.social out its programmatic role with guns inhand. cushion the shockwaves that plunged Spain into social älóurs wittriñthe precaþitalist ru-ral. origins of Each exhibited its possibilities and limitat¡ons with¡n revolution 40 years ielãtíóntnips, As tb the ago. i with the pueblo it- the traditional framewòrk that had been created by iñã piot.tar¡at, they wili disappear in store for Spain as i¡ úe 1840s. With the collap¡e of the Span¡sh More enigmaiic than the managerial sector ii the seit'Rgr¡uus¡nêss li'es as much revoluiion _ of agri" â full history of proletariàn socialism-whether Spanish worlçing class-the class tñat stlll forms the ã;; fåi F;;;ce'and with the devêlopment the peasantry as a force for syndicalist or Marxist, libert¿rian or authoritarian - great hope of the thirties' generation on both sides of ñ;¡;;;t, th. erosion of came to an end. As in France, modern industry with its the Pyrenees. Except fgr the Basque region, it would social revolution. concomjtantshifts in population from h.ave been diffcult by present-day standards to regard the countryside A "unified" Spanish labor movement had already.be- to the.cíties, its reformist working this class as fully industrialized 40 years ago. ln Bãr- class, its merger fãrnô th" cry bf ttre CNT during the "spanish civil with the state, its use of econornió celona, the textile workers who were to fiil the ranks contiols, is Foster- Wár.;'1o t¡'e degree tlrat it was achieved,-it benefited ing of a technocratic sensibility the CNT were largely employed in shops of less than and hierarchical -of n"ìtll", the anarãhosyndicalist segment of the labor mentality, and its wíde commercial baæ-dliháve a hundred workers.owned as family concerns. Often, comþìned tochange Spain more profoundly in the past decade than in tlre past century. i The extent of these changesrcan'be measured by the.occupational shifts ryithín the Spanish pòpuUtion itself. Spain, ¿s seen through the picaresquò n'ovels of its traditional authors or the misty eyes óf romantic tou rists, has long been categori zed aí a hopelessly pre industrial nation, almost as though a tradiiional na- tional temperament could perpefually surmount fundamental economic realities. .l960,This'vision might have had sorne,validity as recently as -embraciwhen arliculture w¿s,stil I the cou ntry's major adtivity, n-g nearly population. !.2/o 9!-t\ Within a mer'e span of 12 years, the shift from rural to urban occupations has been specqcular. By 1972, only 27o/o oi the Spanish people n prof lanco rally in Madrid. Photo by Henr¡ Bureau/LNs' we¡e involved Ín agrículture and the trend is stlli down. ward. By far the overwhelming 'the the Socialist, but primarily the Com- majority of Spaniards are most radical of these workers weró of recent rui.al movement nor noq éngagg{ in industrial a Spanish labor. movement frodúction, constructioh, backgrounds, at most a generation removed from a munist. Today, "unified" service activities, be controlled bv the Communist q managerial tasks, profgssional woik, peasant or craftsman status. A marked tension tìe, råüiJ ltáii lôrtainly com merce and govèrmental jties. must be faced concerning responsibíl Con. tryegn t{re intimacy òf the pueblo and rhe a4onymity Þãrtr Ànotl'tdr harsh'fact temporary Spain ranks 1Oth every account available to this writer, among the most indus ofthe city, between work regulated by the ôeasóns and iõ"ìílt Uv nearly trialized nations in its gross producl Partv is the best-organizèd as nationãl The work regr:lated by the clock, exacerbated the ubiqui- ;Ë'$;1tíì õäÅl*unitt gross national product political movement in Spain' has been íncreasing at a rate of tous m¿terial misery that burdened Spanlsh life and *"lfîin. best'financed about.T% to 8% annually. been estimated to be as hi-gh as Foreign inriestñent in Spain evoked a fiery, intensely libertarian response, Not Its membership has is enormous. Despite not less than 30,000' thé recentãconomic slump which surprisingly, Mad-rid, a city composed of bureaucrats, Sõ.ö0ó in¿ is ïmost certainly reduced.the labor force in the American auto'industry Membership in an illegal organization has a very .retailers, and craftsmen had a predominantly Socialiít by Ford continued'to invest g35O ' to be surg a4d the Communlsts have .113, some millipn "proletariat." The construction workers in thì! capital tenuous meaning in its installations in Spafn. As one State Department ' irotoriously inflàied their membership figures in all were mainly anarchosyndicalists. The Barcelona . 'official recently'observed: "Spain is now onè of the workers their parfiós. But there does seem to be widespread were overwhelmingly anarchosyndicalistsj the , most hçavíly industrialized of the Communists, nations in the world;,, more'privileged railroad workers ând thä skilled aqreement, even among opponents The shift in Spain poiitical in Spain has comparable from agriculture to industr,y and machinists in the repair shop3 tended even in Catalonia tñat no organi-zation commerce has created an entirely nàw constellation of toward the Socialists. One could clearly, delineate.be Dower and resources. social forces with new political, ' confers this advantage on the com- cultural, and tempera- tween 4 hereditary proletariat and a transitional one- lllegality itself mental realities. possesses sbrvei impari a d-emocraüic,, Spain npw a substantiaí the former drifting into Socialist unions, the latter in- runitíÞuitv, ¡rtt ut it ttl Commissioñs-, managerial class, mor.e American in its outlook than to anarch osyndical ist ones. nearly anarihiô character to the Workers' Hispanic. from abroad thai The.a,bractJo is giv_ing way to the handshake;, Tlu Spanish workers of the seventies are,increasing- The Óommunists commind resources the siesta to thè luncheon. . illegal organizations clearly- Suirounding this manageriái i \ ly thé creatures of multinational corporations-in pari, other potentially larger class is a by' the aura of supportive army of salesmen, lechnicians, too, emigre workers who have been.émployea Uy lack, fheir oosiiion ls also ènhanced stat¡stiqal analysts, liini affiliations with the advertizi ng I egmen, accou ntants, industrial enterprises in France and Germany..Oêñ¡te fo*"t that'emanades from their of bookkeepers, secretaries, typists, ieceition ists¡ and the arducjus nature of their work and the comparúive- 'iEastern Bloc":ih Europe, even though the largest the Rus' clerks-qll oriented toward the Spanish version of the ly low wages they earn, they are in a very significant the two Communist parties in Spain opposed "Americån dream" of upward mobility and suburban sense a part of the industrial bureaucracy ofmodern- :sian invasion of Czechoslovakia and probably has very amenities. day capitalism. Unlike the old patronal system which little access to Soviet resources. The susceptibility party divided o'ver.the in- of this sèctor to social radicalism imparte'd a"face" and a certain comprehensibjlity , The Spanish Communist Com' is likely to._be minírhal, if not non-existent; it is liberal to Spanish capitalism, the modern corporate structure vasion oi Czechoslovakia in 1969. The "offcial" àt béstand is currently.guided by no means.totally bereft of authoritarian is anonymous and totally bereft of human scale. mun¡st Party (i.e. Soviet controlled) procliv¡t¡es. lt may desirøa more democratic form of Tq the Barcelona workers of the thirties, ,,col, bv Lister. tÉe notorious Stalinist who forcibly dis- golernment in in Aragon during the which to voice its ínterests,:but certain. lectivization" with its condomitantsystem of self- bånded the anarchist collectives lybne that is moderate, prudent, party is led- by and well-tamea. Sulch management at the base of the economy, had ' Spanish Revolution. The "unoffioial" an of sup- a sector did not exist on a large scale in the thirties authenticallyþersonal character. The popularity of C'orrillo and probably has the greatest amount .t wrN 15 14 wlN :\,

I .f,

il

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Spanlsh pêasants g¡vln9 the republican sâlute in 1936. Photo bY Chim. port on the Penninsula. Corri[o has tried to build an seem to have much less. I etian-styte parry wi th ppàri inhuence among the Spanish nored and the adherents of a làrgely moral anti- in the,event of any decisive crisis. lndeed, American ¡u f;;;'M;;.h isrs as rhe press.has . weu as ttberals and has directed its appeat red us ro beliäv;;ai¡houó authoritarianism. Finally, it is divided between those and Spanish military forces have trained. together and to almostl mey:nif:1,{ll and the Coímmunists any willing ear in Sparn. would seem to Uó ttre mõst who wish to retain anarchosyndicalist doctrine in all vague clauses in the mil[tary agreements between the likely.hein of rhe commissions-iri ized, falriy wel l-kn it and,,effici ent,,, the stráii i frenctr- its orthodoxy and individuals who believe that tradí- two countries allow for armed American intervention !ï!4 - t1v i Lommunrsts m o1e.mf n rh eroricar I y ^^ create ar image of considerable power, f9^ l.l þ. uu t I ns tional'anarchism and Marxism must bê transcended by in Spanish internal affai,is. Visits bi'Nixon and Ford an maücaly retorm¡st:l ând bureaucratic. ^¿il¿i, iq"gç rhar is nor wirhour ittr"uó,i-iã-"i-y'sóiliård; At the present- a new form of libert¿rian socialism. have reinforced Franco's sagging þrestige in precarious who have been time, however, the traditional PSOE (Spanirt, raughr to resfeii'fo*ði¡v ir," dictaror- So"i"lir, The divisions between the exiles and indigenous periods of the dictator's rule. shþ. irself. us.e. the . ey contäsq trrt ú;;d;; coírLìrrion, l"rtv,.to offcial name of the organiza_ groups or the old and young.are themselves quite tradi' Today, the one featr¡re that vitiates any meanirrgful (wnrcn are uon,-Y_olÍ!ll ¡s in congiderable disarray by no means controlled by the Communists) and itscapaciry io in- iional and occurred throughout the history ofthé analysis of Spanish conditions is a gnawing sense of un' must adopt decentralized fluence Spanish events depenai press that popular forms of neavity uloñ its iãeãii_ anarchist movement in Spain. The need to perpetuate certa¡nry. We know from the foreign toose, ntghfy zation. gccurs But democratic strucû.¡res "íe^nlrüron'^ì¿'--',if they are to main. orthodoxy or transcend it in the face of historic social resistance daily and on a wid'espread scale. tain the widespread adhe¡ence the true relationshíp of forces within the army, the trrev enioíiñ õñ;':"' Tlre. great unknown in developmônts-this, quite aside from the old battle be strucûrres which oolitical partíes Spain is the size and influence church, the working class, the middle classes, the na' pruaónity avoid as too of the anarchisr groups. tween revolu tio4ary pu rism -and reformist accomoda- libertarian. fne nmeiiiaï pieìs an¿ tne tional groups, and the resistance organizations has been respectable anti-Franco ju.ntas tion- is the most i¡teresti n g- of. al l. Owi n g to th e. ill egal Between. the comparatively thatt uã"n rJriäiãing effectively obscured by the regime. As long as the free well-organized Com- . governments and the public "uå nature of the movemenÇ it is diffcult to determine muntsts and the loosely organized for financial assistance are expression of ideas is forbidden, all the strat¿ that Woikers, Commi* patentty unwilling ro whether the trend away from orfhodoxy is nourished sions, the Social isrs, "- acknowledgu unv ániüi¡rt compose Spanish society and the groups that profess to reþu biÍcans, òonriiõ'tioi¿'-" pl9selce tn spain until by Maoist or New Left influences. monarchists, and nationalistic evidence of anarchist act¡vitíes speak in their name do not even know theiF own parties live in a contra. lreraly explodes European. countries¡ Spaiñ'has q in the form of dramatic otentodos Unlíke other western and influence. d rv. rratisric i n ir, éorv, ir, ãi' strength lp-r:l_ f i .Cen ;;"y';;-"" Even anarchisrs abroad had beþñ.ió'ã.róiii'tr,¿ had only a zuperficial contact with the New Left con- lt-organtzed existence in reality. Accordiñþly ur. This sense of mutual ignorance, sustained partly by the Com_-"' memory of an im mense anarchãsy ndi."t¡!i cepts of the sixties. The illegality of worken' organizt munists have been buoyed to the top àittiirfËgál riãuãränt the legitimation the United States gives tq the rei¡ime, political in the rhirrìes had any rn."n¡neõi tions and the political character of many strikes have world of Spairi_an¿ I muit emp-tra-sire Spãi;;:il" represents a very explosive factor in Spanish social , ttre seventres. As recentlv as afew made the Spanish Left highly working-class oriented. word.,,political" betause the Workers' weeks ago, the most pes development. lt mai

Millions of people are involved in the resistance 2 against Spanish fascism, both inside and outslde the country. They are workers, students, religious, na- ti onal ists and separatists, mi I itary peqple, an t¡ m i¡i tary pBople. Most of these groups are, if not nonviolent, at I least unviolent. The experience of the civil rvar-the ln broken homes, the hatred, the infighting between leftists inside the Republic, the thousands in exile and all the death-showed a need forrnew tactics. Ihe workers are the strongest of thó aínti-govern' ment forces, and always have þee¡. Despite severÊ rÈ pression, abol¡tion of all trade uniôns and the laws de èlaring all strikes illegal, workeri are continually pro testing against unemployment, their low wages and K¡ss my f,agl A spanish performs imperialism. soldier a rltual oþscenity þefore duly selected representailves of church ancl state. Photo from LNS. Students, especially in the maior cities, support BY Cralg Slnrpson local workers' struggles tiy shuttingdown the¡r uni' versitiel Thousands of.clandestine groups organize in ln late.October this year, a well known Catalan priest Police are everywhere. While riding in the country outside Bílbao; and bombed, burned or machine- hígh schools, colleges, factories and churches to build . was released from Carabanchel prison in Madrid'after 'near Guernica with a nonviolent woman activist, I gunned a dozen houses, offces, and commercial estab support for those on strike. 2/zye,ars confinement. ' The release was a major vic- realized the terror the Spanish face regularly. My lishnients owned or operated by Basques with separat- Women are growing more and more conscious. tory for the nonviolent pacifist and movement in friend grabbed my arm and pointed quietly-to,ila ¡st or c¡vil rights aspirations. lt is common knowledge Lyda Falcon and other Feminisgs have hatf a powerful Spain. Guardia Civil." Two of the political m¡lit¡a stood star- that the gueiillpros are off-duty, police. Earlier this inîuence on Spanish women, and some of their writ' Most the ll'estern press . of and radìcal coverage of , ing at passing cars, pulling .juãr. inl t"ir"r.r ¡n*iorr. ì yeãr a number'of Spanish po{ice were caught in ings have been published legally and distributed widely. the events in Spain q has focused on the activities of They carried Jarge submachine guns and sholguns, France t'errorizing members of'the refugee com' The church has been the pillar of the Spanish state. the Basque nationalist group, the ETA-their violence while a truckload political põlice clergy are paid by the government ln the Civil of waited in the' _ munity there All against the Spanish police, and their repression by the trees around the turn. I quickiy pushed the leafletJl course the,violence isn't limited tq the right. War, the church blessed planes that bombed Madrid, Franco regime. The 'Of implication, as with other con- was reading under the car seat. Left and Separatists have been involl4ed in assassina' buttoday many priests and nuns are imprisoneð for flicts, is that violent revolution is the only way to Unregistered the resistance . .. meetings of over 20 pegple are illegal. tions and bombings for several years. But of all the their involvement with resist fascism. But after spending ' three weeks trave!- All publications must be approved UV tÈè censor be-- thousands of illegal politícal organiz..ations in that Cracks are even beginning to appear in the military, ing and attending meetings and conferences in Spain fore distribution, and texti of speeclies must be ap- country, only two publically recognìze or participate which has been well'known for its discipline and earlier this year, I discovered that opposition to the proved beforehand. in revolutionary violence: Euzkadí Ta Azkat¿suna dedication to preserving fascism. All officers an{ en' Franço regime isn't so clearly oriented toward armed One youth was shot by police in Bilbaq a few (ETA) and Revolutionary Anti-fascist Patriotic Front listed men are watched carefully and the events in struggle; that the violence part is only a of the political months before I visited there for distributing leaflets (FRAP). The ETA is the most well-known of the Portugal have frightçned the military very much. perspective in Spain; most that action could be con- on the street. The police said that it was an ãccident. many Basque nationalist organizations añd has been Despiie the law thaû no two officers can meet to- sidered unviolent; and that is there a new and rapidly ln Madrid, I read in a local paper that three Catalan in existence since the '60's. ln the 1970's, a maior gether to discuss politics, on October 14 an Anti- emergi n gjonsciou sness for, nonv iolent revolu tionary youths were sentenced to three years' imprisonment split in the organization occurred yhen the Marxist' fascist Democratic Military Union of Spain (UMD) r ' struggle. The release Fr. Luis prison of Xírinacs from for attempting to smuggle in political poiters from Leninists seized control and the Tiotskyists were surfaced in Paris. This group claims over 400 officers, was a sign of the nonviolent movement's .and strength ''fflËäu*'Portugal. bounced. The Trotskyists formed ETA Vl. The and advocates total amnesty for pol¡tical prisoner¡ influence. - penalty is legaland has been carried out

l8 wtN w'rN,19 must do a six-month alternative serv¡ce with the Falange (the hga.l fascist party). Since the lare '60's pacifist a number of ReoRle have been to jail and demonstra- to disrupt the meeting almost everyone quidUy Probably the most well-known leader is Luis Maria tions have 6een held throughout Spaín to raise the ìs. booed him. Meetings like this are being held al!- over is the Catalan nationalist Xirinacs, a sue o-f conscientióus objection. Wi,en pãÞe Bãnunr. the country, and as innocent as they sotlnd, thley have catholic priest who began supporting impr,isoned : ln9fyf other young men refusedlto enter the military ""had a dramatic imPact. r students in the'early 1960s. His fastíng has raised the in 1979¡ support demonstrations were held in many ni i *iitr, Juan Carlos, newly örowned king of issues of separation of church and state, drawn sup- major Eu ropean cities and a walk from Geneva to Soain has announced a general amnesty for 15,000 port for pblitical prisoners, and foiced Catalan na- Madrid wrs stopped at the Spanish border bv oolice. piisoners. Meanwhile, outside Carabanchel prison, an tional.ists to openly oppose thé fascist regime. On Several demonstrators were dragged away and'beaten ästimated 3,000 people demanded the release of Novembe¡: 28, 1973, Fr.'Xirindcs was imprisoned for '' , when they occupied the bridge-bétween ihe French Marcelino Camachq a labor leader who is serving 12 his participation in the Assembly of Catalans."His gd Spanish border, Many suþporters wer€ arrested in years for illegal association and íllegal propaganda, imprisonment lvas opposed by thousands. ln : Madrid on the same day. ánd 50 were arrested, including a well known movie Eæter, 197d he'was awar{ed the John XXlll With support from Amnesty lnternational and War actress. Memorial while still in prison by Pax Christi lnter- Resisters lnternational, Pepe was released after three Opposition,to nuclear powerplants is especiãlly national and Justice y Paz a¡d nominated for the years' imprisonmEnt in the Spanish Sahara. He then strong in Valencia de Don Juan. Peasants, woikers, Nobel Peace Prize. National and international pres began work in building a nonviolent anti-militarist and residents in this area with the support of mayors sure forced the Spanish government to- release him movement in all parts of Spain. Since his release in and even some police tried to hold a nonvioleñt march in late October. After he was released he spoke open. March, 1974,he has talked in over 200 meetings tò the regional capital from the propgqed construction ly about the torture in the prisons and the infiltra- jails among groups and indiùidr¡als and has'built a sõlid site. But as the opposition grew in stiéïrgth, thë guardio tion of the by undercover police. His releasê was core people interested in promoting turned against the people and beat some demon' a very clear victory for nonviolence in Spain. 9{ the ideas of , civil nonviolence, conscientious objection ãnd alternative strators. Last June 14, Carlos Carrasoo Munoz, Secre Pepe Benunza has stated that if it wasn't for the people civilian service. Their campaign resembles the Com- tarv of the Spanish Associatiqn for Environmental har.d wolk and effort of the at Amnesry lnæi- munity of the Ark in France, where objectors to the Planning (AEORMA) was arrested when he arrived in ' national he would still be impriso¡ed in a Spanish Alggrian war refused to go into the milítary, doing Leon to speak at a conference on the env¡ronmental Sahara jail. lnternational support itgpped the execu- their own volunteer civil service in the communiti effects of nuclear power plants. The conference had tion of 6 innocent people in early Sèptemher.'5o we instead. Their.rnesage was clear and simple. Servíce been called by 44 mayors of neighboring towns, but. must bu¡ld a nttwork of support frir their activities,' for people and development of the communitv not at the last minute the governor of Leon denied per' publicize them and keep ouifeelings known to the seryice for war and death. When they were.arrãsæd mission. The people of the area were in the streets fol' Spanish government the shock waves not only helped to chanse the con- lowing day, calling for the resignation of the After a weekend of meetings with nonviolent or- scientious objector laws in France (and, sîrprisíngly, governor, for parrasco's release, and an end to con' '. ganizers somewhere in rural Spain, this large, bearded in Belgium as well), bur ir helped tò raiie isiues dîróðt- struction plaris. A hundred cars full of demonStrators activist turned to me and said, "You have learned ly related to French involvement in Algeria. More re ldrove to Leon and demonstrated at police headquarters, much about our movement and struggle this week pression of those who refuse conscription will most the governors' office, and on the rJnain street. Armed end, about how we organize and our analysis of is you assuredl.y produce more resistance to thê military, as police charged the demonstrators in all these places, in- Spanish society-but there one thing we wish in the US dgring the Vietnam war. iuring a dozen (including the mayor of Valencia de wonld do, you and all the people in the US: force The nonùiolent moveme¡t activists I met are not Don Juan) and arresting nine. Carrasco was released, your government to pack their bags and get out of naive; they uriderstand theiealities of fascism and however, on June '17 after þayment of a 100000 pesta our country.' are preparing themselves allegedly calling the conference. The struggle The message was clear to r¡e. Thê US has become 4,it for the consequences of their flne for positions. They are involved in campaigns against the plants has côntinued, with shopkeepers the main suppòrter of Spanish fascísm. When Spain against thp¡ death penalty, movements to stop ionltruciionbf threatening to boycott big business interests in Leon. wæ calling back all its ambassadors throughout . nuclear power plants, amnesty for political prisoners, Similar actions have become regtlar am,ong workers Europe, the US was negotiating to g¡ve her more {Shþ fo¡ workers, and have taken ieadershiþ roles in in the South. ln Granada, a large group'of workers ecoñomic and military aid. The US has 28,000 mili- the Catalan nationalist movement. have become involved in nonviolent open protests. tary related personnel in Spain. We have spent $7 bil' The campaigns for'ámnesty and against the death For over five years, a group of nonviolent activists, in' lion on military establishments. Six thousand penalty havehad great succesg with Jîstica y paz, an cluding some worker priests and n-uns, have been Spanish military personnel have been trained in the aboveground orgariization sponsored by thé Catholic promoting workers rights. A few years ago, they or- US, and the larggst atomic submarirte installation in church. I went to an open amnesty meeiins of about ganized a demonstration against raised bus fares and the world is run by the US in La Rot¿. Americans 300 people in Bilbao. A well-known civil ri-ghts lawyer were jailed for several weeks. Last April anil early clearly have a major responsibility in the continued from the province talked, and a speaker frolm June they held protests against unemployment: 35 repression of civil rights and the existence of the P.rotesters marching f rom France to the Spanlih border on Justiia November l, L975. Photo from L¡þerat¡oi1/LNS. y Paz read a prepared fext. The crowd was veñ fear- workers occupied a Church and went on a hunger fascist regime. Even with the deatl¡ of Francq change ful of being recognized; but when a local fascijt tried strike when arrestèd. After the aichbishop visited the cannot take place unless the American government fasters in prison, he gave them full public support. withdraws its support. And only we Americans here. The workers were soon releàsed and charges dropped. at home can ever make thät haBperl.

i wtN 21 I 'sn NH primary and the media attention it attracts to rather than the federal government. "Forced,busing" it went well: the campal had certainlY made its But the bring thêse questions into the forefront of debate. ln of schoolchildren is wrong. The new canipaign laws ;;#;'i;;*n;fth; 'Ëonference.'' media eveningTV news Manchester the tactics were to be questíons asked the are "evil." Reagan is against the Equal Right Amend- [ñ;;; *ui ãituppointing: the cand.idate, plus leaflets, signs ment because it's "too simple" would take away efforts, whlle press reports and flags both inside and 4nd ' didn't even mention our outside the hall where he was speakiñg. the "protection" which women have now. lt is the ;ñi;ñ ;;;;i ir't. Cact "hard questions" didn't report The "press conference" was held in a posh motor husband's duty to provide a home,for his family, and ir't. ätüãrin"ts of Reagan's answ€rs' We h-ave known performer; the problem wÍth the lodge a few miles outside of to.ryn, reachâble only by if E RA were passed women would lose more than ill"lhe is a po'iished ' what driving. There were a thousand fans on hand, all bf they would,gaín. Above all,.they might become eligible "riis to"iã"-* foãus attention on the coñtent 01 he says' (he questions, them-white an_d-apparently prosperous; nearÍy all, ex- for the military draft. And did say itl) "l may 6e îf,ã N-"f.,ãitei formar, while allowing at cept for the PBC contingent, middleaged. The ,,sãcret', old-fashioned, but if we've got to go to war I'd like pióró"i.J discussion; Reagan alw911 had the last' service.men-(wearing.little bûttons w¡ti the tetters ii) to know l'd be fighting for the little girl I left behind!" word. lntelliient"ìy debate was not possib.le'. he a realistic candidate' were plentiful after that morning's toy-gun assassina- The PBC folks asked questions too, ábout the "Ánd Reaþn's campaign? ls I cannot believe that tion scare in Florida; but the atmospheie was not domination of the US economy by big corporations p.ri'äpi lñe öot¿watei oi Plaz repressive; this become Pr:esident qf the was a festive occasion. Former governor ( Reagan is very ou tspo ke n agai rßt'b ig gov e rn me n t) ihi;;il;;¡ cl'rche wlll his nomination, like Hugh Gregg,.Reagan's NH camapign director, ùarmgd and about workers'control of industry through Ú"ìtãá St"æi. But I do see that discussion to the up the crowd for ten minutes, and thepoweiful loud- democratic determination of company management Cãí¿*utétt, would drag political push progressive forces into speaker system made his introductory chatter seem al- and policy. To the latter, Reagan'replied that'big t¡nt'i inJ*óuld tend to lots of support for most significant. isalreody run by its employçes, since 'rthe ¿ätens¡vé oositions. We would see þusiness evil" except George Now! 'lThe Governor," his wife Nancy and an en- president of the company is a hired hahd." The ilm;st uny D"mottutic "lesser who should have known tourage of 20 swept down the aisle and up onto the owners, it seems are the proverbial widows and Wallac'e-iûst as manv of us, lt would be a disaster, platform. W¡th l¡ttle hesitation Reagan launched into orþhans who hold a share or two of stock or who better, suþported t¡i| in lgøq- an abbreviated version of "The Speech.,' Aftèr a joke have a stake in a pension fund which owns it for and"it mustn't hapPen. and a Bible quote, he told us thai government po'wer them. The men who run the company are all on The night after Reagan's performancq I was again one is the problem-and that it stems fiom the New Deal. salary. And if only he works hard and long enough, of a crówd of a t-hoùsand, this time at a.Boston.con' There wæ applause for "Washington doesn,t solve "The worker on the assembly line can someday be up ference on and Resistance in the Third problems, "Repiession it subsidizes them!" (Í sort of like that one there running the show." World, and the Role of United States Foreign Policy'" too.) According to Reagan, ta¡és take 44d out of The PBC's questions and signs did provoke com- To this audience US military strength meant not de' every dollar Americans earn. fhe US has Íost its mili- ment. From behind me I heard some mutterings: "Dis- fence but oppression; giant American corporations tary superibrity over the USSR in the last.few years, gracel" "You can tell lust by the. . ." "Chuck them stand for economic imperialism rather than good, an intolerable situation. Detente is all very welí, but out!1' And even a whisper from the past: "Let them sound business. The'cultural gap between the two was the Soviets must show that'they peace want too. go to Russia and see how they like it there!".But no overwhelming. lf Ronald Reagan and his bourgeois (More applause). We ;t.ni" need ro regain oui of mis- ieal hassles developed, and after the festivities were supporters represent only a small, isolated fragment sion:" We must ,,move "dream the new dreamr" and over there were even some conversations between of American public opinion, perhaps this need not be forward." We need instead "progress oi stagnation." Common Sense Campaigners and Reaganites. a cause for worry. But if Reagan can attract a sub' But Reagan, despite his cçiticism of the Ford ad- Was the demo a success? Randy Barber, a PBC stantial following, the left must try to reach across ministration, obeys what he calls the eleventh com- cedirector, was,pleased by thefirnout and thought that gap. lt will be a big challenge. mandment: "Thou shalt not speak ill of another 4 Republican." And he promises not to ,,divide us,' for the "great cursade that Itluslmust culminateçulmlna[e neitnex[ l\OVe]T]N< . . bef !,, . to secure peace ì Ngy questions. . \ for 1'lVhy should the people of " i Ronnie Reagan. .. Photo by LNs New Hampshire vote for Ronald Reagan'insiead of Women's Graphics those other guys? " The answer soundl one of the Collectlùe. evening's main themes: Reagan did such an excgllent and liberty job as governor of California that he'd make a great LAMPERTI President. He balanced the state budget, left a íurplus in the treasury and got California boñdí rated AAA for the first time. Hè drastically cut welfare-except for the "truly needy.l' When his sytem of strict con- trols crlmr was begun, thousands of "paper people" disap- bools peared off the welfare rolls. lt beèarne obvious as we listened. that the alleged welfare mess will again figure :Rcbln'LIgn largely in his campaign. The facts thar Califórnia úel. tripled dr.rlng Reagan's renure due rising fif::gl!: to - une.mptoyment, and thãt the state budget and taxes both rose sharply, somehow weren,t méntioned. Crcrtlve no¡wiolence'in AmericCr past? Yer, cven if "ofrcial" prefer not to nmember Mary Dyc¡, Adin Edlor¡, More: Reagan is against gun control legislation: ,,1 historienr ... Alico Par¡L Cynrs Pringle, Joceph Ettor and Tncy My$t¡ We _. 03- eac_h, fqr¡ for g I l. @er now and Èceive yorr copies in l¡ke guns myself!" (Laughter.) The answer tlme fo¡ tlre to crime is æ arppoced to leam abott ttr$ingtdn, Jæbon and Gr¡nt- winter hotid¡ys tough sentences. The ,'gave US away too much" in tt¡t Jrne Add¡ms, Big Bill tlaywooq A.J. Mu¡ûc and (sdll ¡ot lVa¡ Resisten the SALT talks. The Russiins are cheating on the gohg strcng) Dorothy Dry: all thoce who d¡¡ed to chdlengc thc League 339 Lafayette agreements and increasing their military strength; thus stn¡cu¡¡l so¡ndræss of the n¡tiôn's inst¡tudons, ¡nd who nor St ,,to New york, N.y. 10012 we must spend more too becaus'e be second best violcntly carried on the tnpeùn of thc ¡cvolution of 1776. militarily is to be last.'l He won,t consider running oh The WRL's 1976 c¡lendar (edired by h¡stodü.Lûry Güt) a th.ird party ticket, since it would divide the peo[le hclpr to mrke the bicentonnial a year of discovery of the tr¡di- of ros¡stame. of like philosophy and ensure the election of ä nate¿ tion nor¡violent llor¡c ¡nd copþtlorttc: Thc calenda¡ hs a p¡ge for.every wcet of thc yeer with e liberal. lfelected Reagan could reverse the trend fæing prgc of text and illustr¡tion. Theæ ic e listing of pcace towãtd a welfare state, since,,We f,y did it in California!" orgenizations and periodcalg Ame¡ican and foreigr¡ ¡nd ¡ see But the wonderful reforms he tried to institute there tion ofuank peges and advance appointmenb foilg??. It's 128 llv were.hampered by HEW,s interference, a difficulty p¡ges ir! all, wire bound and flet-opcnirç At year's en{, remove Lomperti is a professor of mothematics /ohn at which President Reagan could, ofcourse, overcome. the eppointment p.g€s and yor have ¡ ñ¡re ¡ddition to your Dortmouth College. Welfare should in any case be ine ¡oþ of tlæ states, ¡ib¡ary. 22 WrN wrN 23 Series ll, Data Cluster No. 1: The lSece papers. Even sults of our inquiries,in an extremely valid area of inquiry, further WIN Dom-lnt colu mns. but there is an ad- Dr. Simson states that Sirhan, in their conversa- with the tanktrucks of ink spent describing the these ditional possible gold Anyone with data,pertinent to matters (except mine of data that inve3tigative tions in the summer of 1969, could recall nothing Domestic Operations Division of the ClA, and current lSece agents, please) please attorneys Allard Lowenstein contact the Dorn and Vince.Buglioii, who about the actual shooting. The lasr thing Sirhan Operation Chaos, all published accounts, including lnt Data Squad, c/o WIN Magazine. are deeply involved in the case, might conslder. And remembered was giving a cup or coffee to a woman in The Rockefeller Commission Report, remind me a bit And one more aspecû we'd thought we'd that is to debrief Sirhan Sirhan mention: with, say, 30 or 40 a polkadot dress. Dr. Simson, a Feilow in the Arneri- of those modern paintings where the canvas is left we hope we do not detect any deviation from the hours of voluntary interrogation under hypnosis. true can.Society for Clinical Hypnosis, feels that the key substantially bare and unpainted. That is, what are the posture of patriotism on'the part There is glrhan ' of the alleged CIA some indication that himsolf is will- to the RFK tragedy lies stored.in Sirhan's blocked specifics of Operation Chaos? What are the names and lSece agent. lt is to be noted, however, that the ing, with people he trusts, to undergo report such hypnotic but unforgettíng mind. Perhaps_Gov. Brown will set actual activities of the covert CIA agents or officers in indicates that he "\ryas in Saigon, lndochina debriefing- The State in De of California has apparently a_SRecial Commission of hypncinter.rogat[op, yvi.fh the American war protest movement? cember and of 1945-46, and his temporarily shaken forces !R January reports from off the of overt oppression, Dr. Simson as a member, to undertâke thiinecessary" The truth regarding the CIA's role in domestic there were marked 'excellent.' There are no copies of and the administration of Gov. Brown conceivably project. strife and protest may well be more grim than we these reports in Central Dispatch as they were re would support such a move under proper, scientific Data Cluster realizeif the allegations are accurate in certain papers moved in1967 on'draw and study order'by Col. M. circumstances. A casual ¡¡te\published works on No. 3: Brain-wæhing and assassinations ' become we have lately encountered which detail an alleged Deveraux of the ISAF." (ISAF may be a {po for hypnotism, such as Hypnotism'oo¡ by,G.H. Estabrooks !3uu s.r.o. on college campuses. The Zapruder film, section of the ClA, operating domestically, called the USAF.) Fûrther, the report states that the'agent, in- {E.P. Dutton paperback), reveals that under hypnosis, tal ks on behavior modification,-attacks on the ,l49), ,,the Warren "lSece" section. The letters /5 denote lnternal Securi- volved with a ¡adio station in the state of Washington in the words of Estabrooks,(p. hypnotic Commission, Cowboy killers vs. Eastern Es- subfect t¿blishment ty. I do not know what "ece" is supposed to mean. in late summer of 1969, was then ordered to report to has a memory whích is of,ten startlingl! good killers-all are topics at conferences According to the lSece papers we have seen, the Vietnam by November, 1969. The report notes that lor na¡!,event¡." I am, of corlrse, spepking of lôaining around the country that bear the fervor and excite- lSece section of the ClA, virtually throughout the in the files was "a late request," apparently on the from Sirhan the most meticulou;ly d¡nuie details ment of the Vietnam teach-íns. There is, howevéÎ, a about his certain phenomenon entire history of the ClA, has been engaged in the part ofthe alleged lSece agent "asking cancellation activities during every day from Jan. 1 occurring in the network of snuff-sleuths, United SËtes in everything from defaming and defeat- of the Vietnam order." The report ends as of Sep- through June 5, 1968. which is becoming more and more an ing political candidates the CIA did not like, to creat- tember 8, "1969, so maybe we'll never know if the .' lt is my understanding that under careful hypnosis, lt.,¡,qf conversation. That is, who are the_agents? Here ing dissension within a certain aircraft company to agent was able to avoid, along with hundreds of the mind can becomë like a video camera, and-the is what I mean: get people fired, to sabotaging a certain form of city thousands of fellow Americans, seryice in Nam. hypnotised person can describe just about anyth¡ng A is a famous assassination investigator, who is government the CIA did not like, to preparing reports he or she experienced. Sirhan could recall license considered by quite a few other assasiination irwesti- plates gators on the beliefs of school and public officials. he saw during those months, phone numbers tb be a government agent, peihaps even ClA. B I he called, every single person he met, every meeting is a district attorney's investigator about whom a few The documents I have seen are alleged to have he attended. And if there are memory blocks regar& assassination investigators have suspicions that he is a been written by a person with access to.a Central ln- ing certain days or events, that is import¿nt also; the CIA agent planted in.the district attorney's office, per- tellígence Agency records system called "Control I date and precise circumstances of any memory lapses haps to l_,9.p eye on the RFK case. B, for his part, Records Dispatch," located in Davenport, löwa- The 1n could be determined, and these could be isolated'for supposedly thinks that A is an agent for Jimmy Hoffa, material purports to give a history of the activitieS of investigation as possible periods when he may rather than for the ClA. C is a vçry well-regarded in- certain CIA lSece agent active in the Pacific North- þave .a Data Cluster No. 2: Regarding Sirhan Sirhan. Much of ,been.programmed for murder and instructed to forget vestigator whose partner, D, thinks E, an aitive as- west. the research involving Sirhan Sirhan deals with logis- the circumstances. sæsination investigator who is a successful writer, is Several i¡vestigators seem to be afraid of this tics ¡n the kitchen and pantry of the Ambassador Dr. Eduard Simson was the Senior Psychologist on an agent of the government. C is now suspicious of A, alleged CIA lSece agent. He is highly visible in the Hotel'¡n Los Angeles just prior to, and during and the staff at San Quentin prison in the su mmer oJ in that he apparently feels that A does not move state of Washington, where he seems often to adopt right after, the assassination of Robert Kennedy. Was , 1969 when Sirhan first arrived on Death Row. Dr. forcefu I I y-en ou gh wi th top-l evel assassi nat io n data, *ã, the modus operandi of a r.w.n. (right wing nut). He is there a second gun? Was Sirhan robotically triggered Simson was able to administer various tests and to r and therefore riay be part of an assassination cover- 1à also alleged, by assassination investigator Richard off by the whispered code-babble of a blonde-wigged tal k with Sirhan for about 20 weeks, totalling some up. Sprague in the October 1975issue of People ond the woman in a polkadot dress? Was someone hiding in. t 35 hours, before he was banned from seeing Sirhan . F is suspect in many quarters of being ClA, but on Pursuìt of Truth, to have been a member of the team and firing from the large ice machine inches away by the Assistant Warden. Dr. Simson resjgned his posi- the other hand has good liberal credentiãts and has' that assassinated President John F. Kennedy. from the falling NY Senator? Or was another person. tion at San Quentin as a result, and wasi¡-nable, aJ he taken risks in his career to support his anti.war beliefs. We intend to continue to examine these documents firing silently next to Kennedy in the gloomy pantry had planned, to interrogate Sirhan under hvpnosis. G, a lawyer and very famous assassination expert, and their implications, and will try to report the re- filled with the high-decibel exultation of victory? lt is Sirhan apparently was willing to cooperate. opgnly.acguses F of being a CIA agent. E, himseli accused of being a government agent, nevertheless is also suspicious.of F, but thinks G is on an ego trip. G also thinks that a iournalist who continuel.to write highly-placed articles on the J FK assassination is a gov.ernment agent. H,a former high-level cop, and author of a recent book, is undeisuspicion'of hanky- panky for publishing a possible false lead as to who actually killed JFK. A, mentioned above, apparently located the actual name of the above.boók;s'killer, ' ' a column on who nevertheless was given a pseúdoììym in the tome. , I can see them sitting in the bar right now, the two domestic intelligence data-weary assassination sleuths at thè end of a long fear-suffrrsed day. One leans over to the other and says, "Everyone's an agent but'me and thee; but is't B not also true that thou wert once an army iátelligence agent?"

BYEd Sanders

24 WtN wÍN 2s General Motors, Ford and Chrysler PRISON Any book which begins,"The prison WRI FACES fifteen students HONEYWELL IS AT IT ÀGAIN NOTES killed in Mexico City . æked permission from the Chilean system as it exists in this country june FINANCIAL CRISIS and Monterey in 1971. Antipersonnel bomblets of Vietnam junta to resume their,operations, which must be abolished," should be useful, Although the Mexican ggvernment l Kate Sheehan, an American staff per- , fame'are being shipped to lsrael, Bel- they shut down.during the Allende ad, but llomen Behind Bors: An Orgoniz- nationalized the, electrical ìndustry gium, ministration, . c son for the War Resisters lnternational, ' and the Netherlands in a fancy and all submitted bids to ing Toot By Resources fqr Com-- fifteen yea.rs ago, eleotrical workers ' junta says that WRI is in the midst of an ex- new Configuration, tlÍê Lance, Aero' the in April, 1975. At that time munìty Change ís much more valuable point out that it is still structured and tremely serious financial crisis. "There spoce Daily 1012817 5 reports. The 236,000 American auto workers had than that. Among its 56'pages are i operated like a.private, profi t-making , is only enough money for siaff salaries Lance surface-tosurface missile with a been laid off by these three companies articles by and about women prisoners, monopoly. and programs through December, range of 70 miles is fitted with a war- who intended to pay Chilean workers descriptions of various grou ps provid- Rafael Galvan, the head of the rank- 1975. The staffhæ been given notice head filled with 860 BLU-63 bomblers. much lower wages. ing prisoner servÍces and prggram¡ and-file group h in SUTERM called for The BLU-63 is a "þroduct improved" Only GM's bid was accçpted from and resources in the books, that they will not be employed in form of the unification of all electrical workers 1976 unless suffcient funds are raised version of the onepound "guava" ' the US along witrh those of Peugeot- articles, films and tapes. lt is an in^' in one union, for national planning of in December," says Kate in a letter to bomblet that spewed steel balls and Renault and Fiat. The struggle for improvement dispensable handbook for anyone the industry, and for adjusted elec- of WIN and other publications and groups. was dropped on the villages, cities, Mass rallies in Paris protested the conditions on Death Row at Florida working with prisoners. lt costs $1.75 A tricity rates to make corporations pay and countryside (where participation "The world situation indicates an of Vietnam of Peugeot- Renault in State.Prison continues with and is available from: Resources for higher rates than the public. 43 of expansion, a in ef- unexploded ordnance is stil'l causing the Chile project, and affiliates of the the 60 in that Community Change, PO Box 2'1.066, not reduction, the SUTE'RM þrisoners section of was founded when two problems today). Like'the guava, the World Confederation Labor, the ln- penitentiary Washington, DC 20009. forts of pacifists," she continues. "Are joined of the signing a petition electrical unions together jn the BLU-63 can be used wíth a delay fuse ternational N we to have an international office, staff, Confederation of Free which'went to the state's governor. people 1960's after many years of inter-union "We believe that are taught program? that causes the bomblets to go off at Trade. Unions and the World Federa- ,,,; Another hunger strike planned and was from an early age to view women as rivalry. ln the unifying agreement, one random intervals hours after the at- tion of Trade Unions Contributions to assist the WRI are all mounting to begin December 1 with promise passive, personal union retained control ofthe top lead. people t easy, sex symbols, can be made by sending a check to tack, when have come out of a campaign against Fiat. of support from many prisoners in ership and won its demand that the property; those early childhood lessons WRL, Ralph DiGia, shelters thinking it is safe. But American unions, other than the regular population. This is his- c/o 339 Lafayette new union remain within the govern-' a are the basis, we believe, for forceful St., New York, NY 10012. Please indi- The Lance warheads are manufac- the UAW, have been conspicuously toric event, possibly the firsi sus- ment-supported u nion confederati on, rapei" The above is only one of a cate that the donation is to assist the tured by Honeywell lnc. (of guava silent on the subiect. The AFL-CIQ tained nonviolent struggle involving CTM. The other union succeeded in which issued an series of interesting quotes in a dup I nternational. bomblet fame) and assembled at extremely mild con- Death Row prisoners. Letters êx- establishing democratic sections with Copies of the WRI Triennial Report Picatinny Arsenal in New Jersey. They demnation of the Chilean junta during pressing support should go to the licated letter sent out by an brganiza- relative autonomy withín the new prísoners ' are available, including sections ôn the cost at least $20,000 apiece. Each war- its September convention, has refused warden at Florida State Prison, tion of asking support for union, and weekly assemblies at the I Middle East, conscientious objection, head spreads bomblets over an area to speak out, and for good reason. Starke, Florida 32091 and to Governor their cause, Prisoners Agains't Rape, local level. lt was also successful in lnc. You can contact them by draft resistance, sexism, lndia, the half a square mile in size. Several documented studies pub- Rubin Askew, State Capitol, Tállahas- writ- winning an improved contract with "1974 ing Box 25, Lorton, Laruac, simple living war tax refusal, ln Vietnam, guavä bomblets were lished in indicate that the AFL- see Florida. Virginia 22078. s Federal Electric, the largest electrical CIO's Spain and a variety of other subjects. used in "cluster bombs" dropped from American lnstitute for Free Prisoneis in the Southern Ohio Cor- company. Labor Development (AIFLD)was parr lmprisoned draft resister Bruce Sent by air, the report is $2.50. airplanes. A missile such as the Lance rectional Facility at Lucasville are But the old, top¡level leadership has the Baechler has been adopted as a is much more expenSive than a cluster of CIA effort to "destabilize" the working to establish a program for -WRlStaff attempted to hold back the growing Allende governmenÇ prisoner of conscience by Amnesty bomb; the reason for using it (against encouraging right- busing visitors from various Ohio strength of the rank-and-fi|e. Earlier wing labor lnternational. Meanwhile a support heavily defended territory) is activity, including the truck- cities. They are asking for donations, this.year, Galvan and other rank-and- that it' comm¡ttee for Bruce hæ,been formed eliminates the risk (and expense) of owners strike in October, 1972. Since including used buses. Contact Mr. file leaders were expelled from the the coup, only AIFLD union activity in this country. The contact person is 200,000 tN MEXtco one's own planes being shot down. ln James X Branson, Jr., President, union. Recently over half the workers hæ been rLNS William Sâmuel, 1'20 Maryland MARCH AGAINST NATIONAL this respect the.Lance is considered allowed. Shabass Transportatio n lnc., 2467 -è. in some plants where the rank-an&file to Avenue NE, Washington, DC 20002. UNION LEADERSHIP be "cost-effective," and according Hollywood Ave., Toledq Ohio 43620. '4 movement is strong have been dis- to an Army general. testifying at¡ '1972 All too often we neglect to,publicize Marching ten people abreast, almost missed in mass firings. Other prison support efforts in dire Congressional hearing, "The major ad- the positive results of a nonviolent 200,000 workers filled Mexico City's The march wæ a show of workers' need of financial aid are the Prisoneis' vantage of the Lance nonnuclear war- campaign such as the iRS reversal of major avenue November 15 in the strength and a deep and open chal- Union,1315 18th Street, San Fran- head would be in the early stages of the sale of the Bromley home, and largest demonstration of working enge to the nrling party in Mexico. ciscq California941O7, and the Lewis- any conflict, when tactical airCraft EVENTS the government's backing down on people in Mexico in over a decade. For many years, the country has been burg Prison Project, which has filed a are for the most part busily engaged applying the Trading With the Enemy Organized by a growing rank-and- governed by the PRl, the lnstitu- NYC-"The Middle East a Symposi- class actíon suit in court to shut down in trying to attain a posture of air Act to the AFSC action in shipping file movement within SUTERM one tionalized Party the Revolution, um" with Noam Chomsky, Emanuel the worst section of the in the of superiority." ln th¡s v¡ew the targets civilian goods to Vietnam. Another "hole" of the còuntry's electrical workers which proclaims itself the representa- Scherer, and Arthur Samuelson will Federal Penitentiary there: Contri- are not people per se, but antiaircraft recent and significant accomplish- unions, the demonstration was at- tive of 'lall sectors of the population," be presented Friday, December 12 at butions should to to ACL Founda- emplacements on the ground, and the pm ment was the release of Professor tended by petroleum and workers and peasants, as well as the 6 at the Columbia School of lnter- tion of Pennsylvania, earmarked auto bomblet-filled Lance could serve (in Enrique Kirberg from political im- workers, bakers, teachers and uni- country's wealthy landowners national Affairs, 420 W. 1 18 St., Room v. Ârnold," 1103 and the general's words) to "pave corridors' prisonment in Chile. Kirberg's free "litigation Joräan versity workers, peasants, and slum businessmen. The PRI claims its 403. Washington Ave., Lewisbg Pennsyl- that by selectively attacking the surface-to- dom resulted from a tweyear pro rg dwellers, in addition to SUTE RM brand nationali¡m over- vania. Bgth these are deductiblp. of Meiican surface missile systems thus enabling NYC-There will be a vigil at Governor gram by members of the Stamford, tax members. comes class conflict and eliminates Manhattan tactical aircraft to go in to deep pene- Carey's Office (1350 6th Connecticut area group of Amnesty Writing in fioniiiton, a Canadian The marchers condemned the col- the need for opposition. On Wednesday, tration targels." Let's hope that Ave.) December 17 at lnternational, especially the tirelesb prisoner publication, M. Smith laboration of their union leaders with The first substantive challenge to James civilians are smart enough to stay out Noon. We will be calling on Carey to efforts of the group's chairPerson, commented,."Tlìe only persons who multinational corporations and Mexi- the PRI govelnment, many observers Executive who of tþe way while this is happening grant Clemency for Martin Mrs. Gertrude Rosenblum, com- have the true meaning of what it is can companies, shou ting, "Sell-out note, was the widely supported rail- _NARMIC Sostre this Christmas. The Vigil has mented on the release: "There exists like in a prison are the prisoners them. leaders must go to jail." road workers movement in the late been called by theCommitteðto Free. an international sense of outrage selves, or a person from a concentra- SUTERM locals from all over 1950's and early 1960's. Although Martin Sostre. For further informa- over the ipcreasing violatign of tion camp." This is a vital point, Mexico were present in force. Some brutally crushed, this movement gave tion, call 673'4177. l human rights, including the use of verified by such recent ex-prisoners of them have been on strike for rise to the even more mæsive protests torture, by governments, but when æ the late Jimmy Hoff4 former months, and all of them demanded of 1968 when students and workers PROTEST HARTFORD-Annual Celebration of people throughout the world sPeak Federal Otto Kerner, änd most the dismissal of Fidel Velasquez, head in in Mexico AUTO WORKERS Judge demonstrated Tlatelolco GM IN CHILE the Winter Solsticj. Open. House, 7-9 out to express theii concern and of the Watergate criminals. Any of the Confederation of Mexican for political ACTIVITY Dec. City, demanding liberty Sunday evening, 21, 1975 át the protest, as in the case of Professor prison project of publicity or support Workers (CTM), Mexico's equivalent prisoners and protesting the celebra- The United Auto Workers (UAW) ge Agents.new,home, 674, . Chan Kirberg even the most rePressive which fails to take into consideratior) of the AFL-CIO. the Games in Mexico. voted Ave., Hartford, tion of Olympic executivé board r.."Àtly tó Prospect Conn.' (203) governments are inclined to take the views of the prisoners is almost Organizers said the march was also Eyewitnesses estimated that al most a protest General Motor's decision to 247-19"t2. notice.t' certainly bound to fail. Gan an homage to those who were mas- thousand demonstrators were killed begin a vast aufo and truck assembly -Larry sacred at Tlatelolco in 1968 and to by police. -LNS operation in Chile. wtN 27 26 WrN cinated by thê numerous privatei devices which people used TALES OF BEATNIK GLORY to inject.meaning into otherwise'meaningless work. They Ed Sandeis / Stonehill 1975 | 274pp. | / $S:95 of rhe Nøtion. , race each other or try.to synchronize or syncopate their ln some ways, Nock reminds'me of Paul Goodman. rhythm with that of others, or see if they can do it with' Ed Sânders' memoirs of thè earlv 60's in New York Citv flash and spaikle. His stomping grounds stretched from They were both anarchists who identified their anarchism' their eyes shut. At úorst, they merely "blank their minil" tbe with old'fashioned conseryatism. Both believed that Ameri: during the hours at work. So rnany she found, are in- depths of the lower east side tô Washington Square and Ée iobs, ca had been bet-ter offunder the Articles of Confederatiorl compiehensible to anyóne who has not worked that job. We recaptui'es them well. lt's a,tough funny scattered book, Noivnuch plot than under the ðentral government established by the Cont don't have the images or words to convey what a person bursiing with word energy. really-but an ac- cumulation of far-outchãracters and far-fetched anecdotes, stitution. And both believed thãt any kind of state was bad REVIEWS does at work. So even a man's wife doesn't know what he in garnished a sharp for.civilization. As Nock put it,Jrthg law is probably does. He goes to wc¡rk with his luchbox full and he comes wrapped irony and love and with eye the . i most sordid, disreputable, and depraving institution,in,the home tired and hungry. for äðtait. - yes, cou.ntry." Rout¡nã work is ãemeaning in another way in that it asks Oh and it's fiction. Right here on the còpyright page ALL THE LIVELONG DAY, The Meaning and we're t'old, and piople described other ways, Nock w¡ìs more like H.L. Menokeni He less of us than we are ôapable of doing. I am sure it must be "The events hérôin"arefið- -ln Demeaning of Routine Work as got yas iconoclast and a master gf aphorism. To under- a common experience to feel as I have about many jobs: titious." ihiestruck me weiid .but whe¡ I into the 3l ryi{, Barbara Garcon Doubleday & Company, lnc 1975 I $7.95 line his alienation the he caf / | book I could dig it. Ed's observations are'purigent enough from worldlìe lived in, led his * they haven't invented the ,machine to dg it yet so they hired ', posltive the most. itt no *òn¿uifí, ã¡àñ,i use ieal fãr tñàs, soln-' autobiography The Memoirs of o Superfluous Man. How- It wos the things I saw that touched me me. Barbara Garson describes a clerk who found an error, . nir.i. ever, unlike Mencken, N_o9k was not nasty. He didn't call Not that people are beaten down (which they are) but that she all hire her to clined, the Uook lenJs itself to the Who ls Realiy Wñó Came. not her own, and the conflict felt: if they gtltuinrst. . - people the uncivilized majority qr the booboisie. they almost olways pop up. Not thot people are bored get Itoùí¿ rvirrle"itt"eiñiá DreamJ'of rh; P,idlltv do is check columns, why should she behind in her His ¡nterest centered on the libert¿rian paid (which they are) but the ways they frnd to moke it ¡nterest- intrepid reviewe"r spillÏne all. iiut as I got more.into the book remnant who productign to point out something which could v4¡tly af- attention to him, ing. Not thot peopte hote their work (whieh they do) but I reaíized I knew ait theie people àr niùrU. none of them- but he did not denounce those'who igì fect some poor guy's insurance coverage? She reþorted the noreo.nlm' thot even so,,they try to make something out of it ttt?t,Jlrtii''ti;ked.on Maybe these incidents rea,ly happened or maybe they rpiáng fuli-blown from Ed'ó merhedrinescurr'raLiáü. I This book i¡ oollection_of seven essays. Six'of them artistry, love and a desire to one job I had to find mysetf ùanting to publishedl This book was written with ---'Th;i;ñrt""tiÀlnäsirsp"õt it's a bit of both. were first in 1935 as Our.En_erny, the State,ãnd. be truthful. lt is not easy to edit interviews. Barbara Gar- dress well, very uncharacteristic of me. Why? I aske{myself. the-litle essay-from the19i8 collècüon is rhar with äccurare srrokes he cap- 1!e,sèv9¡th^is on playwright's sense for what to include and when Because it was the only way I could assert my own sense of. son has a tures rhe täng of the eia. lf y"ou were on tne sceie ti.À,-J"n Doing,the Right !!.ing qnd Other.Essoys' Together.they give the narrative, she dignity; if nobody else cared about me, at least I could to cut. Rather than remove herself from ' if it wæn'i eiactly Ed;s scerjä (l wasout in sun a good nic.t-u19 of Nock's political thdory. Because he wrote you , shôw I cared about myself. lt gave me a new insight into why rianiiräã1, herself is right there too, as a participant, telling her the book is sure tó have lots of reverberationiior vor. " in a beautifully clear style, the essays are all interesting to ln review- women in officer get so dressed up. own unguaided feelings and mature reflèctions. Where were vou when vou discovere d Howt? Wheie when read. Because he was a good observer of human nature, the dialogue. "Demeaning" affects people's after-work as well as their ing her book, I want to enter into they executed Ca-ry1 Chessman? (Did you they'd most of the ideas are sensible. And because anarchism has work lives. They give up inj-tiative. Their goals are personal, think ac- ìlaÍty ao it?) Wheie during the Clbaí missile crisis? been neglected since the depression, du.ring America's 40- ALL THE LIVELONG DAY not shaSed. year Eâ Sandei's is a special [in¿ of beatnik in several respects. fascination vyith centralized socialism, many of Nock's The themes described in All the Livelong Day are consistent Vlhen you work doy in ond doy out ot a scientifìcolly (called ideas still seem ncivel. {s editor of Fuck You, A MogazÌne of t¡e Arts in -: . 'dafe.t with what Staughton and I found in interviewingfor Ronk manoged job like typing stud or pocking PinçPong paddleq However, one element of Nock's thought is out of the book The Shreik o'f Revoíuilon), he marcheà at the iore . .. - and Flte. Through a variety of scenes, Barbara Garson con- you certoinly feel something Ìs missìng. But the constriction, front of the praobscenity forces. úó obligei here with His economic theories are based on the work of the 19th- an active union with ineffectual unions or non-union' cêntury trasts the listlessness, the obsence of that spork comes to seem llke descriptionsbf a "group gròpe" and a feliother s'ex scenes. economist Henry G.eorge, whose oncepopular ized situations. She illustrates wage disçrepancies between a notural part of your chorocter, lt doesn't feel as though Theselstrike me asiepiä, äoubtless a mark of the success of theories iadicals have now discarded and academic men and women,'skilled and unskilled, permanent and you need a revolutÌon; it feels osthough yóu need Geritol, the sexual.,reVolution'fomented by,the beatniks economists no loriger bother to refute' Henry George temporary, bonus and non-bonus, high and low ends of the believed. that poverty could be elinlinated by'a simp-le WORKERS'CONTROL Èã i;;¡;;ró"rl"l'i"ìr'"t he's.a pacifisr and ipotitical ac- pay scale. She has workers who must earn, ãnd some who tiv¡st,givingthelie,tothemedialmageofbeatsässocially ! mechanism:.taxingonlynatu.ral resources, likeland.Most "¿.. work to add a second income to the family or fqr something pointed '4 Barbara Garson gives one example of an informal work unconpernJd àonothings. For me thã richest par:ts of the he ou1" t1x thinþs.people have created, like to do; some are young,and aimless. She touches bn the Pklt group which has as its goal getting out the payroll and,dn book áre thàse piciurin[ d.monstrations and pråårlrãlrir, ll]: h|!t. thev have built on their property, or the salary frustrâtions inherent in management's prerogative to run the process, includes a woman bringing her four'year'old particularlythe'chronicËofloveandte¡rorol.,tf.t.,fNãrJfr¡, they.haveearned..Georgebelievedthewaytoencoúrage plant the the and the demoralization which results when granddaughter with her to work, an office oarty at lunch' to Washinjton walk fòr peace;'lponioiðlov ttã;Nâi¡onãl'- work and to discouragefnancia.l s.peculatiÒn was' union is unresponsive to membership. But this book is |r"glirc its time, 4nd someone hastening to correct her error so people's Committeã for a Nonvioì*t Ciuihiri¡onJ' fj. i.jl, i;ïË ¡r to tax.only.the unearned pa.r! of people's income-the part not abstract sociological or political analysis. lt is about contrj_buted paychêcks won't come out wrong. She proiects this as an was and it was funny, touching and mad. tnclu¿-åã ;;;.ñi; by tho l¿nd itself, for exa¡¡ple, not by the ': human beíngs. And it expiesses the worry that human be' --- buildin-g ideal insofar as a goal of accomplishment is shared and is the project's nonviålent discipline *i¡l ii not.rìo* erected on it' ings are being pushed beyond human endurance. ,,cetibacy beginning '. achieved along with assistance to one another in many non- äarh," so typiiai ;liñ¿ r;-;i;h;;;;.-(whJu,on- of this.centurv, Henrv George'r.ideas . job --_li_]tlg to. libertarian radicals wav be '; THE MEANING OF ROUTINE WORK concerns: rrasr wirh rhe conrinentat watk starïin;;exr il;;'Ë *hïíi, 1s.a to both libertar- ' : ia¡itÏ:l:d and.radical. Monopolists and bankers had . . ,They shore o notion of what's important in the world: judging from its iall, ñi, no nonviolent"dirriprinî iiuil.i-"' distorted the Barbara Garson believes that division of labor is primarily a ' economics of Adam Smirh_and gutted work, education, family, friênds, weddings, bar mitzvahs, Ëá ir;Ë ;.';;úi;1, because of rhe exrens¡rðr*i'"i f,i, l1o¡f1rr.an ¡r of irs device for controlling the workforce. Even though ¡t is not rhe socialist êconomics or the dav was and, obove oll, children, u'"in'.-r.ñã*r;;; (ñ;; ;¡;h;h radical. always most effçientin getting ciut production, assignment s";;";;;ö'ñ;äü,;;'i" but¿r-rthoritarian.l11i:iJ:j'. The Geôrgians see.med.to The women themselves have orranged their office tlme ã"1ãv ¡i iñvrrã*î"ìiãî¡, vocabutary. I ber he il;ï;;;; be the only of specific tasks to specifip individuals enables supervision to econom.ic school that was concerned both with human to encompass the important things in life, lncludetl among' wórás ttran Spiró Asnew. Here,s some of th" k;';;;;ti'- wel- check on who is doing how much and to know who is *¡tf freedom' Noc'kls of ribertarian those things is gettìng out the payroll. 6;y';;;i ìi;;;;;;;iiã,;;;;,;; äL;;i;*;'li',* Iil::î-d seneration responsible for errors. lobs are reduced and simplified so "d¡;ã that they can be performed by low-paid and easily replace- The closest experience I have had to workers control was as. ;lîhï;f,iï:,tb¡*iräïfäffifä'.r,,'';rïÉil,,,- u, vl , able workers. Skilled elements are eliminated as much as a member of the Macedonia Cooperative Community (where :i1îf,,,;?ï,å?j,Hïisïiffi:.ï:T,i6ì,,,r,oproduced, and uncénsored. Free Life ¡, ttrese'woiaiã¡tñi;Ñt;rr"';rrãñã.¿, ut it th; b;i:" 19n¡cie1!i9u¡lv Edi- possible so that skilled workmen do not knów more than Community Playthings were originated). I felt that it didn't :i4äMorrisï,|"iåiäff management. However, even in the most automatqd situ& matter whether I wæ scrubbing potatoes or working in the å:ïî,'ll:"i"ï,:i;il,:lxili"1î:'jJl;:l;:ti' laundry or in the shop. lt was all part of building the whole tion, individual iudgmént or adjustments are needéd to keep OUR TENEMY, THE STATE and "On Nock's life and work, and his bibliographical essay at the the machinery operating smoothly. When the job becomes to which we were all committed. Doing the Right Thing¡' end is agood guide to related books. Finally, including the lament," Barbara Garson heãrd, "too fast for the human nerves, too insulting for the human "The most often repeated Aberlf ay Nock / Free LTfe Editions, 41 Union Square essay "On Doing the Right Thing" under the same covers spirit, or just meaningless for the human brain to "was that of being'used,' being'treated like a machine."' with Our.Enemy, too West, N'ew York 10003 / 148 pages l'paper1ack, $i,.95 the State was an inspiration. lt provides comprehend. . .at that point, large companies start making People need to work and work well, she is convinced. At : - (1870-1e45)started small plans for: job enrichment. . .lt only means rolling back Macedonia we had a sense of being used but not ab-used. lt Arberr Jay Nock hi,.,....'';,;; l"t:::i|;i¿ffJ"iï,,"i:lå,::i',",l:l;'.fl',;:Ìffiililåï1å'fl Episcopalian in Virginia. to the point where the job is doable;" was a good fêeling-perhaps the way an athlete feels-óf minister ln 1910, at the age of- \ _H"nry A"r, partici-pition'in añ rn¿àriãking larger than anything one 40, he left his family and the Church and went to ñew WORK . . .AND DEMEANING OF ROUTTNE could do oneself, sweat, tiredness, having breathed fully and York to work as a writer. Early in, his new career, Nock Alice Lynd is the cùauthor, with her husband Stoughton, wrote for the Notion president personal 7 When jobs are fragmented and robbed of any skill, tl're deeply. I think Barbara Garson would agree that feeiing a an editorial that denounced of Rank and File: ifistor¡ei Uv W;;ti;¿Ë;;- Wilson Samuel Gonìpers, the worker loses a sense of accomplishing anything. ,A process part of a larger meaningful whole is also a basic human for sending conservarive labor organizers'(Beocon, 1g74, Íi.gi). M;;h M;;;;;'oiiijrnry leader, drum up support for of de"meaning has taken place. Barbara Garson was fas- -Alice Lynd to.Europê to the first World Eass are frequent contrìbutors to these pages. a' 28 w.rN ' * . )'.t Movement fof a New soclety, 4722 Bal-ll-. .' '.MISC: morê Av€.,,Phlladelph¡a, Pa 19143. or CL'.I[> COUNTRY SIORE call 215-SA+18q8, collect. Know of others?. BUY.TCENTE NNIAL RECESSION BLUES? sproad the word. . ... what thJs,econgmy needs ls an American lectior of wer pocms by Vietnrmvctc Gæocc in I Accompmying PÉoples commlg RevoluUon! B¡centenhlal eloquent ¡t¡te¡ncnt Grck tcxt tr¡t¡þ . Anyone interested ln'actlve in alternat¡vs s¡on, wdsh¡ngton, Dc 20036. ". . .The nort of ' AMATEUR RADIO? Please wrlte Dwlght urh¡t lhe wnr i¡ th¡t I h¡ve ¡ecn firqn litcr¡don...... zI2'LPi,-j|Q N. E/nest, c/o WlN. PËTE SEEGER, OAVID AMRAM' BEV its puticipmtr,- - Nqwtueck ' .GRANTi THE HUMAN CONOITION, ...1...... '...mltcoc¡,81.95 T¡ORKING PIùOPLE GOÑNA RßE I THE CONTINENTAL WALK NEEOS A 'HAPPY TRAUM are.do¡ng a benefrt con- Beyerly G¡¡i¡t and Tlre Huni¡n Condi for the LiÞèration N€ws Señ¡ce, Janu- CAR3 Expôctod to accompany the'Walk cert ' VALISAÑDa¿ûßS by Eugpne Victor tion Thc debut ¡.ecord of thi¡ q¡t¡t¡nö (should or ary 24th. ln NYC. D are two v€hicles: â truck ÞéW Dcb¡ ln 1920 ove¡ 9ü1,üt0 Americ¡n¡ ing gtq¡p in a møing and muricelly.rhh V¡ ton pafiel truck, van, or step, van'of further detalls, or l6 AmelicEn måko (chry.sler, GM or Fordl' rñont Ave., NVC too27,2L2- cast thoir Prc¡¡denSal bdlotr for convict rt¡t€ment floving ott of the daily livcr ¡ 0 €riglne and automatic pcnl s6¡fting peoplè Songr Thin8¡ Ain't 6-cyllndor stralght ì No 9653 ln thc Atl¡nt¡ fcdcnl 6f trañsmlssion) to càrry equlpment' med¡cal RETINARIUM ls a new publlshing con' tenti¡¡y. He wu Eupnc Dcb¡, formçr lVhrt Thèy Uæd To Bc; l¡nie'¡ f¡nie;' ' suppll€s, injuÌed or tlred walkers and foodi po€ts. Must be excep' trr lt llo a¡ livobl iern seeklng new læo¡r¡otivc û¡cmu,rnd fonncr nllùry', Orulic'r So¡rg Chdn Rcæüon¡ Fecl ' Èut l¡rlid.lotowotúù and a lighter vehlcle to run errand5. lf tlonal, as nóþody Wants a bad tr¡p lnclud' a pcnt , GooiL Fethor;llrmi I Remcmbe¡; erttÙh.at forarL anyons can donate' loan, or ssll us ¡ns editors, Our llmlted ed¡tions will uniþn leeder. IÞba nc¡dy th¡rç ueñ¡cte. Dlease contact Tho cantlnental produce standald royalt¡ês after the flrst , yern in pdron for-hi¡''qrcd¡üon' In m¡I. tlncle Scm;Oifro¡d Gløer¡ lVorling Street, New York' War¡, ádg Lafayette prlnt¡ng of 3OO coples. R.D. Cldrmont. ' ing at mtiw¡¡ in luræ,f ?ìcoplc Gonàa Riæ. . . . .I-12" LP, 85.(n NY Í0012, 2!2-677-5455. Sunnyslde No. 2, Klnclerhook,.NY 12106. ryecch .9lt ....-:...... : WCt, E3,S0; cloth, tZS(t .PRODUCTS '' NEW!! MAIL ORDER CATALOGUE OF 'r TIIî AUTOBIOGRAPHY OFMOffiUR WOMEN'S. LABOR. FOLK AND O]IHFR Þoutrtcnu REcoRDs' s€nd stampr Eroao IONES, Mrry Hrnir Jonc¡ un¡ ¡l? Oc 2oOO9. whcn ¡trc got itwdvcd,wlth tlre gcrt and Ro6ss, !724 2Ûtn St' NW, l'oster of DOROTHY DAY ; Photo bY \ Ddtlmo¡e & (xrio Råil¡o¡d udkq¡t gf ChIIdf€N Bob Fitch, showing Dorotlty Day conr NONCOMPETITIVE GAMES fOT For ¡æ¡dy 50 ycrn ütð¡c¡f,tcr and adults. Play togeth€r not agalnst each fronting potice on a farmworken picket tt??. RR Jone¡ o¡g¡ni¿e4 rgitrted and othar. Fre€ catãlog¡ Famlly Pastlmes, line in Califomia' 1973. 17" x 22". Mothei 4 Pèrth, Ontarlo, canada K7H 3C6. wont to jeil on bch¡lf of Amc¡icC¡ wo¡ting Þcoitle. In old rç ¡lre wrotc , PUBLICATIONS óHÀNTI REVOLUTTON AND EQUILIBRIUM the $ory of her cn¡s¡det, in vivid md by Darbara Deming ". . .a se¡ies of cslty lanF¡¡tp. VEGETARIAN TIMES: ThO ÍnA9AZINE Of HA tho oantter culslne' Subscrlptlons: t5¡/t ¡9 sh¡dies of nonviolent action urd it¡ .. :.....,, irycr' 83.50; clodt, 010.00. sues]Sampte 75d' vegetarlan Tlmesr c/,o- possibilities . .my preoccr¡pation ove¡ . wlÑ, PO àox A31o4, chlcago' lll 60690. the l¡¡t ten yea¡s" (Publisher's list price FROUTAREDON Solldarlty Coll€ctlvø has a fr€e t¡st of ¡&95).. ..:.hordcøer,82(N llbortårltn sodlallst ãnd anarchlst lltoraturê tor sàle, Pl€aso send a 6tamp envslope to .WASII US ANDCOMB ttÍ bY Barbar¡ ri¡dcnt protctterg etc., including t¡¡d. Solldarlty Colloctlvê, RWC 3 south. Rm ,Demin& Five sto¡ies and a fragment of low M{ssacrc, t.Hato the Capltdist Syr lsland o2Eo9. 346, Brlitol, Rhod€ 'à novel, "like a collection ofjewels, o¡ch tem, Lonelome Jailhq¡ce Elucs. Speed- cønplete and b¡illi¡át in itself." -å¡ä- Iþ Song Working Oars.Woman, others. llúen ltteeWy. (hblist¡er¡ list price lVitñ conplete eong toxts and docu- OPPORTUNITIES: , 93.95)...... hardcqer, t1.50 n¡cnts¡y notos...... I-12" LP,8.rn ) á New Mldwest Rssearch lnst¡tute seeks un- à sslltsh, soclally-cìrnsclouq non:carearlst MA-PhEr'MOVEMENT economlsts, polltlcal' sclentlsts, êtc. MUST b€ able to get grants qRDER FORM or ralss tunds. Saml-scholarly studlos on couNTRY ST9RE war-peacg reconverslon, etç. READ Gross and Osterman "Th€ New Professlonå|5" TrcU PR¡CE pp. 3f77., Stúds To;kel "Worklng" pp. 52ï 527¡ 537.54O, Claudla Drslfus "Rådlcal Lltestyl€s." Mldwest lnstltuts. 1206 N 6th st., 43201. .i "tt ¡s obv¡ous that hours of lovi¡tg Looklng for Reglstor€d Nurso lnt€rostod ln tabot (cottage industry k¡nd) go into Prsvontlvè,Medlclne, Health Edücatlon, every s€t." - Creative Computing Hèålth Carb Alt€rnåtlves. Poslt¡on'âìra¡lable WAT NOll PEOPLE? A ¡ou m¡8t now ln Appalachlañ county of Southbâstern zine on ¡oco¡d. Twclvc ¡ingPn with Ohlo. Wrlts or'call Bruce Ashley, Adams WAR GAMFS 'twcþe Brown Medlcal Cèntêr, Rt. I, Box lO, West THERE ARE 84 cr¡r¡cnüy ælermt mortly olþ Unlon, Ohlo 45693. (5r3549.2346 ot 547: FOR HOLIDAY GIFT GIVIÑG. in¡t ¡ong¡ for ou¡ timcs Accomprnying 22361. AND ONE PEACE GAME. SHANTI! boollct includor completo con¡ tcxtr ( wilh bricf biographto¡l ¡nd bækgroutd Pete Soegcr, * thnd Silkscreened Board "l've played Shanti w¡th lny en every notc¡. Arti¡t¡ include EOUCAT.ION FOR A SMALL PLANET. * weekend nonq. . he loies it so ri¡uch . . . B¡¡b¡n D¡¡æ, Eovcdy G¡¡nt end thc Soc¡ål Concêrn-Global Perspoctlv€. Centsrs Noncompetitive , ¡n: US-Europe.-Afrlca-Latln AmerlcF * Educational Very ¡ntercst¡ng, fun, timely trcdtñent.'.' lft¡m¡n Condidon' Blll Ho¡witz' Holly Asla. BA D€gree. Friends World Coll€ge,' * - East West Journal Nor¡ ¡nd Rcdrring Song titlo imludc For All Aúes I'eatt Hunt¡ngton, NY 11743. (516 549-lrO2.) THINKING LIKE A WOMANbY 'Multin¡tion¡l Corpontion Mar¡" i5on¡ Fritz, witl¡ afteru'ordby BaÉara DeíÈ people to e Orild," "It Corld ¡lsv€ B€ûn Me," 8ls€xual fom¡nlst lnto radlcal soclal in& ûnt just publ¡d¡ed by *B¡llad change, nutrltlon-vitality, personal libera- þah's booli of a¡¡ Unknown Soldicr," and ' an

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