Towards a Management Hierarchy (Classification) for the Catalogue of Life
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and "Aschelminthes" - A
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE FUNDAMENTALS AND SYSTEMATICS – Vol. III - Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and "Aschelminthes" - A. Schmidt-Rhaesa PLATYHELMINTHES, NEMERTEA, AND “ASCHELMINTHES” A. Schmidt-Rhaesa University of Bielefeld, Germany Keywords: Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, Gnathifera, Gnathostomulida, Micrognathozoa, Rotifera, Acanthocephala, Cycliophora, Nemathelminthes, Gastrotricha, Nematoda, Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera Contents 1. Introduction 2. General Morphology 3. Platyhelminthes, the Flatworms 4. Nemertea (Nemertini), the Ribbon Worms 5. “Aschelminthes” 5.1. Gnathifera 5.1.1. Gnathostomulida 5.1.2. Micrognathozoa (Limnognathia maerski) 5.1.3. Rotifera 5.1.4. Acanthocephala 5.1.5. Cycliophora (Symbion pandora) 5.2. Nemathelminthes 5.2.1. Gastrotricha 5.2.2. Nematoda, the Roundworms 5.2.3. Nematomorpha, the Horsehair Worms 5.2.4. Priapulida 5.2.5. Kinorhyncha 5.2.6. Loricifera Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary UNESCO – EOLSS This chapter provides information on several basal bilaterian groups: flatworms, nemerteans, Gnathifera,SAMPLE and Nemathelminthes. CHAPTERS These include species-rich taxa such as Nematoda and Platyhelminthes, and as taxa with few or even only one species, such as Micrognathozoa (Limnognathia maerski) and Cycliophora (Symbion pandora). All Acanthocephala and subgroups of Platyhelminthes and Nematoda, are parasites that often exhibit complex life cycles. Most of the taxa described are marine, but some have also invaded freshwater or the terrestrial environment. “Aschelminthes” are not a natural group, instead, two taxa have been recognized that were earlier summarized under this name. Gnathifera include taxa with a conspicuous jaw apparatus such as Gnathostomulida, Micrognathozoa, and Rotifera. Although they do not possess a jaw apparatus, Acanthocephala also belong to Gnathifera due to their epidermal structure. ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE FUNDAMENTALS AND SYSTEMATICS – Vol. -
Download This Publication (PDF File)
PUBLIC LIBRARY of SCIENCE | plosgenetics.org | ISSN 1553-7390 | Volume 2 | Issue 12 | DECEMBER 2006 GENETICS PUBLIC LIBRARY of SCIENCE www.plosgenetics.org Volume 2 | Issue 12 | DECEMBER 2006 Interview Review Knight in Common Armor: 1949 Unraveling the Genetics 1956 An Interview with Sir John Sulston e225 of Human Obesity e188 Jane Gitschier David M. Mutch, Karine Clément Research Articles Natural Variants of AtHKT1 1964 The Complete Genome 2039 Enhance Na+ Accumulation e210 Sequence and Comparative e206 in Two Wild Populations of Genome Analysis of the High Arabidopsis Pathogenicity Yersinia Ana Rus, Ivan Baxter, enterocolitica Strain 8081 Balasubramaniam Muthukumar, Nicholas R. Thomson, Sarah Jeff Gustin, Brett Lahner, Elena Howard, Brendan W. Wren, Yakubova, David E. Salt Matthew T. G. Holden, Lisa Crossman, Gregory L. Challis, About the Cover Drosophila SPF45: A Bifunctional 1974 Carol Churcher, Karen The jigsaw image of representatives Protein with Roles in Both e178 Mungall, Karen Brooks, Tracey of various lines of eukaryote evolution Splicing and DNA Repair Chillingworth, Theresa Feltwell, refl ects the current lack of consensus as Ahmad Sami Chaouki, Helen K. Zahra Abdellah, Heidi Hauser, to how the major branches of eukaryotes Salz Kay Jagels, Mark Maddison, fi t together. The illustrations from upper Sharon Moule, Mandy Sanders, left to bottom right are as follows: a single Mammalian Small Nucleolar 1984 Sally Whitehead, Michael A. scale from the surface of Umbellosphaera; RNAs Are Mobile Genetic e205 Quail, Gordon Dougan, Julian Amoeba, the large amoeboid organism Elements Parkhill, Michael B. Prentice used as an introduction to protists for Michel J. Weber many school children; Euglena, the iconic Low Levels of Genetic 2052 fl agellate that is often used to challenge Soft Sweeps III: The Signature 1998 Divergence across e215 ideas of plants (Euglena has chloroplasts) of Positive Selection from e186 Geographically and and animals (Euglena moves); Stentor, Recurrent Mutation Linguistically Diverse one of the larger ciliates; Cacatua, the Pleuni S. -
Autor: T-I Ij Ii 11 Iil U Li U Titel: H I] Il !J Band: I~ Ii Fj Ii [I S
;; ij Il 1I U it li ii H 13 u Autor: t-i ij ii 11 iil u li U Titel: H I] Il !J Band: I~ Ii fj iI [i s. 181 - 201. li 13 U li U It ii I,i Ii U t-i il il ii 11 il 11 li Il il lil U Ii il 1I l~ li Ii vörhanuen 1I 1,1 ti U n u 1I ii It 11 u I1 U li 1.1 it jj u ii u n 11 ii 11 H.l l,I II n il ii li ii ii U Ii U li 11 I] II !l !:! 1'1 I1 6 ?e> O$-15k~w'rl~1i. 180 T.A. Platonova& L. V. Kulangieva: Marine £noplido- ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Val. 3 @ Zoological Institute, Sl.Peter~ 1995 pharynx aod proposal of two new families. Zool. Tchesunov, A. V. 1991. On the slruclure of thc cephaJic Zhurn., 69(8): 5-17. (In Russian), culiclc in frcc-living ncmatodcsof thc famHy Linho- - Tchesunov, A.V. 1990b. Long-hairy Xyalida (Ncma- mocidae (Nemaloda. Chromadoria, Siphonolaimo- loda, Chromadoria, Monhystcrida) in thc Whitc ideaL Zoo!. Zhurn., 70(5): 21-27. (In RussianL The phylogeny and classification ofthe phylum Sca: ncw spccics, new combinations arid s~atusof Ih~ genus Trichotheristus. Zoo!. Zhurn., 69(10): 5-19. Reeei."ed 27 Mo)! /99J (In R!JssianL Cephalorhyncha A.V. Adrianov & V.V. Malakhov Adrianov, A.V. & Malakhoy, V. V. 1995. Thc phylogcny and c1assification of thc phylum Cephalorhyncha. Zoosystematica Rossica, 3(2),' 1994: 181-201. The phylum Ccphalorhyncha is a laxon including headproboscis worms: Priapulida, Loricifera, Kinorhyncha, Nematomorpha. -
Measuring Biodiversity and Extinction-Present and Past
Title Measuring Biodiversity and Extinction-Present and Past Authors Sigwart, JD; Bennett, KD; Edie, SM; Mander, L; Okamura, B; Padian, K; Wheeler, Q; Winston, JE; Yeung, NW Date Submitted 2019-03-01 Page 1 of 18 Integrative and Comparative Biology Measuring Biodiversity and Extinction – Present and Past Julia D. Sigwart(1,2), K.D. Bennett(1,3), Stewart M. Edie(4), Luke Mander(5), Beth Okamura(6), Kevin Padian(2), Quentin Wheeler(7), Judith Winston(8), Norine Yeung(9) 1. Marine Laboratory, Queen’s University Belfast, Portaferry, N. Ireland 2. University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 3. School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, Scotland 4. Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 5. School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK 6. The Natural History Museum, London, UK 7. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 8. Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce, Florida 9. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawai‘i Abstract How biodiversity is changing in our time represents a major concern for all organismal biologists. Anthropogenic changes to our planet are decreasing species diversity through the negative effects of pollution, habitat destruction, direct extirpation of species, and climate change. But major biotic changes – including those that have both increased and decreased species diversity – have happened before in Earth’s history. Biodiversity dynamics in past eras provide important context to understand ecological responses to current environmental change. The work of assessing biodiversity is woven into ecology, environmental science, conservation, Integrative and Comparative Biology Page 2 of 18 paleontology, phylogenetics, evolutionary and developmental biology, and many other disciplines; yet, the absolute foundation of how we measure species diversity depends on taxonomy and systematics. -
Multigene Eukaryote Phylogeny Reveals the Likely Protozoan Ancestors of Opis- Thokonts (Animals, Fungi, Choanozoans) and Amoebozoa
Accepted Manuscript Multigene eukaryote phylogeny reveals the likely protozoan ancestors of opis- thokonts (animals, fungi, choanozoans) and Amoebozoa Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Ema E. Chao, Elizabeth A. Snell, Cédric Berney, Anna Maria Fiore-Donno, Rhodri Lewis PII: S1055-7903(14)00279-6 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.08.012 Reference: YMPEV 4996 To appear in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Received Date: 24 January 2014 Revised Date: 2 August 2014 Accepted Date: 11 August 2014 Please cite this article as: Cavalier-Smith, T., Chao, E.E., Snell, E.A., Berney, C., Fiore-Donno, A.M., Lewis, R., Multigene eukaryote phylogeny reveals the likely protozoan ancestors of opisthokonts (animals, fungi, choanozoans) and Amoebozoa, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2014), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.ympev.2014.08.012 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. 1 1 Multigene eukaryote phylogeny reveals the likely protozoan ancestors of opisthokonts 2 (animals, fungi, choanozoans) and Amoebozoa 3 4 Thomas Cavalier-Smith1, Ema E. Chao1, Elizabeth A. Snell1, Cédric Berney1,2, Anna Maria 5 Fiore-Donno1,3, and Rhodri Lewis1 6 7 1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. -
Invertebrate ZOOLOGY Crustacea Are Issued in Parts at Irregular Intervals As Material Becomes Available Obtainable from the South African Museum, P.O
DEEP SEA DECAPOD CRUSTACEA FROM WEST OF CAPE POINT, SOUTH AFRICA June 1968 Junie Volume 50 Band Part 12 Dee! iNVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY Crustacea are issued in parts at irregular intervals as material becomes available Obtainable from the South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town (Cash with order, post free) word uitgegee in dele op ongereelde tye na beskikbaarheid van stof Verkrygbaar van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum, Posbus 61, Kaapstad (Kontant met bestelling, posvry) OUT OF PRINT/UIT DRUK I, 2(1, g, 5, 7-8), g(I-2, 5, t.-p.L), 5(2, 5, 7-9), 6(1, t.-p.i.), 7(1, g), 8, 9(1-2), IO(I-g), II (1-2, 7, t.-p.i.), 21, 24(2), 27, gl (I-g), g8, 44(4)· Price of this part/Prys van hierdie deel RI.75 Trustees of the South African Museum © Trustees van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum 1968 Printed in South Africa by In Suid-Afrika gedruk deur The Rustica Press, Pty., Ltd. Die Rustica-pers, Edms.,Bpk. Court Road, Wynberg, Cape Courtweg, Wynberg, Kaap DEEP SEA DECAPOD CRUSTACEA FROM WEST OF CAPE POINT, SOUTH AFRICA By B. F. KENSLEY South 4frican Museum, Cape Town PAGF. Introduction 283 List of species and stations 284- Description and notes 286 Summary 321 Acknowledgements 321 References 322 In 1959 the research ship 4fricana II of the Division of Sea Fisheries carried out trawls at twelve stations off the west coast of the Cape Peninsula and off Cape Point, under the supervision of Dr. F. H. Talbot, then of the South Mrican Museum. -
Protist Phylogeny and the High-Level Classification of Protozoa
Europ. J. Protistol. 39, 338–348 (2003) © Urban & Fischer Verlag http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/ejp Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa Thomas Cavalier-Smith Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK; E-mail: [email protected] Received 1 September 2003; 29 September 2003. Accepted: 29 September 2003 Protist large-scale phylogeny is briefly reviewed and a revised higher classification of the kingdom Pro- tozoa into 11 phyla presented. Complementary gene fusions reveal a fundamental bifurcation among eu- karyotes between two major clades: the ancestrally uniciliate (often unicentriolar) unikonts and the an- cestrally biciliate bikonts, which undergo ciliary transformation by converting a younger anterior cilium into a dissimilar older posterior cilium. Unikonts comprise the ancestrally unikont protozoan phylum Amoebozoa and the opisthokonts (kingdom Animalia, phylum Choanozoa, their sisters or ancestors; and kingdom Fungi). They share a derived triple-gene fusion, absent from bikonts. Bikonts contrastingly share a derived gene fusion between dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase and include plants and all other protists, comprising the protozoan infrakingdoms Rhizaria [phyla Cercozoa and Re- taria (Radiozoa, Foraminifera)] and Excavata (phyla Loukozoa, Metamonada, Euglenozoa, Percolozoa), plus the kingdom Plantae [Viridaeplantae, Rhodophyta (sisters); Glaucophyta], the chromalveolate clade, and the protozoan phylum Apusozoa (Thecomonadea, Diphylleida). Chromalveolates comprise kingdom Chromista (Cryptista, Heterokonta, Haptophyta) and the protozoan infrakingdom Alveolata [phyla Cilio- phora and Miozoa (= Protalveolata, Dinozoa, Apicomplexa)], which diverged from a common ancestor that enslaved a red alga and evolved novel plastid protein-targeting machinery via the host rough ER and the enslaved algal plasma membrane (periplastid membrane). -
The Interrelationships of Metazoan Parasites: a Review of Phylum- and Higher-Level Hypotheses from Recent Morphological and Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses
FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA 48: 81-103, 2001 The interrelationships of metazoan parasites: a review of phylum- and higher-level hypotheses from recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses Jan Zrzavý Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of South Bohemia, and Institute of Entomology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Key words: phylogeny, parasitism, Myxozoa, Mesozoa, Neodermata, Myzostomida, Seisonida, Acanthocephala, Pentastomida, Nematomorpha, Nematoda Abstract. Phylogeny of seven groups of metazoan parasitic groups is reviewed, based on both morphological and molecular data. The Myxozoa (=Malacosporea + Myxosporea) are most probably related to the egg-parasitic cnidarian Polypodium (Hydrozoa?: Polypodiozoa); the other phylogenetic hypotheses are discussed and the possible non-monophyly of the Cnidaria (with the Polypodiozoa-Myxozoa clade closest to the Triploblastica) is suggested. The Mesozoa is a monophyletic group, possibly closely related to the (monophyletic) Acoelomorpha; whether the Acoelomorpha and Mesozoa represent the basalmost triploblast clade(s) or a derived platyhelminth subclade may depend on rooting the tree of the Triploblastica. Position of the monophyletic Neodermata (=Trematoda + Cercomeromorpha) within the rhabditophoran flatworms is discussed, with two major alternative hypotheses about the neodermatan sister-group relationships (viz., the “neoophoran” and “revertospermatan”). The Myzostomida are not annelids but belong among the Platyzoa, possibly to the clade of animals with anterior sperm flagella (=Prosomastigozoa). The Acanthocephala represent derived syndermates (“rotifers”), possibly related to Seison (the name Pararotatoria comb. n. is proposed for Seisonida + Acanthocephala). The crustacean origin of the Pentastomida based on spermatological and molecular evidence (Pentastomida + Branchiura = Ichthyostraca) is confronted with palaeontological views favouring the pre-arthropod derivation of the pentastomids. -
The Biodiverse Rotifers (Rotifera: Eurotatoria)
Bonn zoological Bulletin 68 (1): 147–162 ISSN 2190–7307 2019 · Sharma B.K. & Sharma S. http://www.zoologicalbulletin.de https://doi.org/10.20363/BZB-2019.68.1.147 Research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D9308652-B9BF-4BBB-B573-F1C4B53E1AC5 The biodiverse rotifers (Rotifera: Eurotatoria) of Northeast India: faunal heterogeneity, biogeography, richness in diverse ecosystems and interesting species assemblages Bhushan Kumar Sharma1, * & Sumita Sharma2 1, 2 Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793 022, Meghalaya, India * Corresponding author: Email: [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:FD069583-6E71-46D6-8F45-90A87F35BEFE 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:668E0FE0-C474-4D0D-9339-F01ADFD239D1 Abstract. The biodiverse Rotifera of northeast India (NEI) revealed 303 species belonging to 53 genera and 24 families; ~96% of these species examined from seven states of NEI affirm the rotifer heterogeneity of our plankton and semi-plank- ton collections. This study documents the record number of species of global and regional biogeographic interest, high- lights affinity with Southeast Asian and Australian faunas, and indicates notable heterogeneity in richness and composition amongst the seven northeastern states. The speciose rotifers of small lentic biotopes of Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur and Tripura, the floodplain lakes beels( ) and small wetlands (dobas and dubies) of the Brahmaputra and the Barak floodplains of Assam, and the floodplain lakes (pats) of Manipur are noteworthy. Deepor Beel and Loktak Lake (two Ramsar sites) are the globally rich rotifer `hotspots’. Interesting assemblages per sample of 80+ species in certain beels and pats, and up to 50 species in dobas and dubies depict the `Rotifera paradox’. -
Recerca I Territori V12 B (002)(1).Pdf
Butterfly and moths in l’Empordà and their response to global change Recerca i territori Volume 12 NUMBER 12 / SEPTEMBER 2020 Edition Graphic design Càtedra d’Ecosistemes Litorals Mediterranis Mostra Comunicació Parc Natural del Montgrí, les Illes Medes i el Baix Ter Museu de la Mediterrània Printing Gràfiques Agustí Coordinadors of the volume Constantí Stefanescu, Tristan Lafranchis ISSN: 2013-5939 Dipòsit legal: GI 896-2020 “Recerca i Territori” Collection Coordinator Printed on recycled paper Cyclus print Xavier Quintana With the support of: Summary Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Xavier Quintana Butterflies of the Montgrí-Baix Ter region ................................................................................................................. 11 Tristan Lafranchis Moths of the Montgrí-Baix Ter region ............................................................................................................................31 Tristan Lafranchis The dispersion of Lepidoptera in the Montgrí-Baix Ter region ...........................................................51 Tristan Lafranchis Three decades of butterfly monitoring at El Cortalet ...................................................................................69 (Aiguamolls de l’Empordà Natural Park) Constantí Stefanescu Effects of abandonment and restoration in Mediterranean meadows .......................................87 -
Platyhelminthes) at the Queensland Museum B.M
VOLUME 53 ME M OIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEU M BRIS B ANE 30 NOVE mb ER 2007 © Queensland Museum PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Australia Phone 06 7 3840 7555 Fax 06 7 3846 1226 Email [email protected] Website www.qm.qld.gov.au National Library of Australia card number ISSN 0079-8835 Volume 53 is complete in one part. NOTE Papers published in this volume and in all previous volumes of the Memoirs of the Queensland Museum may be reproduced for scientific research, individual study or other educational purposes. Properly acknowledged quotations may be made but queries regarding the republication of any papers should be addressed to the Editor in Chief. Copies of the journal can be purchased from the Queensland Museum Shop. A Guide to Authors is displayed at the Queensland Museum web site www.qm.qld.gov.au/organisation/publications/memoirs/guidetoauthors.pdf A Queensland Government Project Typeset at the Queensland Museum THE STUDY OF TURBELLARIANS (PLATYHELMINTHES) AT THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM B.M. ANGUS Angus, B.M. 2007 11 30: The study of turbellarians (Platyhelminthes) at the Queensland Museum. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 53(1): 157-185. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835. Turbellarian research was largely ignored in Australia, apart from some early interest at the turn of the 19th century. The modern study of this mostly free-living branch of the phylum Platyhelminthes was led by Lester R.G. Cannon of the Queensland Museum. A background to the study of turbellarians is given particularly as it relates to the efforts of Cannon on symbiotic fauna, and his encouragement of visiting specialists and students. -
New Records of 13 Rotifers Including Bryceella Perpusilla Wilts Et Al., 2010 and Philodina Lepta Wulfert, 1951 from Korea
Journal26 of Species Research 6(Special Edition):26-37,JOURNAL 2017 OF SPECIES RESEARCH Vol. 6, Special Edition New records of 13 rotifers including Bryceella perpusilla Wilts et al., 2010 and Philodina lepta Wulfert, 1951 from Korea Min Ok Song* Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea *Correspondent: [email protected], [email protected] Rotifers collected from various terrestrial and aquatic habitats such as mosses on trees or rocks, tree barks, wet mosses and wet leaf litter at streams, and dry leaf litter at four different locations in Korea, were investigated. Thirteen species belonging to nine genera in five families of monogonont and bdelloid rotifers were identified: Bryceella perpusilla Wilts, Martinez Arbizu and Ahlrichs, 2010, Collotheca ornata (Ehrenberg, 1830), Habrotrocha flava Bryce, 1915, H. pusilla (Bryce, 1893), Macrotrachela aculeata Milne, 1886, M. plicata (Bryce, 1892), Mniobia montium Murray, 1911, M. tentans Donner, 1949, Notommata cyrtopus Gosse, 1886, Philodina lepta Wulfert, 1951, P. tranquilla Wulfert, 1942, Pleuretra hystrix Bartoš, 1950 and Proalinopsis caudatus (Collins, 1873). All these rotifers are new to Korea, and B. perpusilla, H. flava, M. montium, P. caudatus, P. hystrix and P. lepta are new to Asia as well. Of interest, the present study is the first to record B. perpusilla outside its type locality. In addition, P. lepta has previously been recorded from only three European countries. Keywords: Korea, new records, rotifera, taxonomy, terrestrial habitats Ⓒ 2017 National Institute of Biological Resources DOI:10.12651/JSR.2017.6(S).037 INTRODUCTION (Donner, 1965). The present study is the first record of Philodina lepta outside Europe as well as the fourth A taxonomic study of rotifers collected from various overall.