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Download the Full EAPS Scope NEWSLETTER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC AND PLANETARY SCIENCES | 2018-2019 FEATURED THIS ISSUE The Earth News PAGE 7 Friends PAGE 26 Every day, EAPS scientists and students Susan Solomon earns Crafoord Prize Seed funds fom EAPS friends grow conduct discovery-driven research • NASA recognizes Binzel’s work on the future of research • The MIT-WHOI to understand the processes shaping OSIRIS-REx with highest civilian Joint Program celebrates 50 • Symposium our planet—investigating Earth’s deep scientist medal • Royden and Seager honors the lives and scientific legacies of interior structures, the forces that build inducted into the American Academy Jule Charney and Ed Lorenz • Planetary mountains and trigger earthquakes, of Arts & Sciences • Selin becomes Astronomy Lab’s golden anniversary • the climatic influences that shape director of MIT’s TPP • Bergmann Earth Resources Laboratory remembers landscapes and stir the oceans, and the awarded a Packard Fellowship • Perron Joe Walsh • Student research highlights conditions that foster life. named Associate Department Head and degrees awarded in 2018 EDITORIAL TEAM LETTER FROM THE Angela Ellis CONTENTS Jennifer Fentress HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT Lauren Hinkel 4 Dear Alumni and Friends, FEATURE STORY — THE WORLD AT OUR FINGERTIPS CONTRIBUTING WRITERS From deep-time to anthropogenic processes, our researchers are investigating Angela Ellis Welcome to the 2018-19 edition of EAPS Scope, focusing relationships of climate, environment, and lithosphere using technology in novel ways and driving innovation. Jennifer Fentress on the Earth. Here, we reflect on the most notable Helen Hill achievements and events of the Earth, Atmospheric and Lauren Hinkel Planetary Sciences (EAPS) community from the past year, 7 EAPS FACULTY NEWS Josh Kastorf and share stories about new scientific advances and the people who are helping us achieve our endeavors. Highlights of the awards, honors, and promotions our faculty recieved in 2017-2018. Brandon Milardo page 12 Scott Murray (IDSS) First, it is my pleasure to applaud Susan Solomon, Lee 12 RIVERS RUN THROUGH IT and Geraldine Martin Professor of Environmental Studies, COPY EDITORS for winning the 2018 Crafoord Prize for Geosciences. Two EAPS research groups looking into how river networks form and evolve discover that hydrology and geomorphology are linked in sometimes surprising ways. Roberta Allard The award recognizes her fundamental contributions to Brandon Milardo understanding the role of atmospheric trace gases in Earth’s climate system. EAPS is thrilled to congratulate Professor Solomon for this well-deserved accolade. Allison Provaire 14 DIAMONDS IN THE DEEP This Fall, we celebrated 50 years of the MIT-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Joint A new study of the composition of the Earth’s mantle makes an unexpected discovery: DESIGN & LAYOUT Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering with an interinstitutional a quadrillion tons of diamond could lie buried 100 miles beneath our feet. Jennifer Fentress event at MIT and WHOI. Over two days, we enjoyed reconnecting with many alumni and seeing past leaders in the field like renowned oceanographer and former WHOI Provost 16 SNOWBALLS, FOSSILS, AND BEARS Dr. Arthur “Art” E. Maxwell, who helped to found the Joint Program. We also warmly thanked his daughter Delle Maxwell SM ‘83 and her husband Patrick Hanrahan, who were also in With an exceptional fossil record of microscopic organisms, the sedimentology of attendance, for their generous support for the endowed Arthur E. Maxwell Fellowship Fund Svalbard, Norway is a perfect time capsule for the Bergmann Lab, working in the field to at WHOI, and for launching the Maxwell-Hanrahan Research and Education Fund at MIT that study the relationship of climate and the diversity and evolution of complex life. will help to continue Art’s oceanographic legacy. page 14 18 BIG OCEANS. TINY MICROBES. SEA BIOMES. We appreciated reestablishing and strengthening relationships with more EAPS friends and alumni throughout the year. In February, Course XIX alums and many world-class climate Mick Follows leads a new Simons collaboration of oceanography, statistics, data science, researchers celebrated the extraordinary legacies of MIT Professors and meteorologists ecology, biogeochemistry, and remote sensing to understand the Earth’s largest biome. Edward Lorenz and Jule Charney after the centenary of their shared birth year. In April, the EAPS Scope is published annually by the MIT Earth Resources Lab honored the late Dr. Joseph B. Walsh, doyen of rock mechanics, while Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary 20 COLD WORLD EXPLORERS planetary scientists gathered in Cambridge and Westford to mark the 50th anniversary of the Sciences. We welcome your news and comments. Planetary Astronomy Lab. page 18 page 16 By icebreaker and snowmobile, EAPS students venture deep into polar territory to Please send correspondence to: learn what these extreme environments can tell us about Earth’s evolving systems. [email protected] Continued innovation and advances in basic research like those taking place in EAPS each day would not be possible without facilities to support them. So, I am pleased to report that plans 22 FROM CAMBRIDGE TO KILAUEA to build state-of-the-art climate science labs in Building 4 are progressing nicely. Additionally, For up-to-the-minute EAPS news, please visit our crowning vision to create the Earth and Environment Pavilion—that will add an attractive, Kilauea’s headline-dominating eruption in 2018 prompted us to take a look back at our website: eapsweb.mit.edu/news EAPS deep ties to the Hawaii Volcano Observatory—from its origin right up to today. collaborative workspace and portal to the Green Building—is also coming into focus, with two new 7-figure gifts towards our $30m fundraising campaign. While we still have a way Follow us on social media: to go, we are now optimistic that this venue for earth-centered research and education will facebook.com/EAPS.MIT 24 THE BIRTH OF DIGITAL SEISMOLOGY soon become a reality, and we are eager to partner with other visionary philanthropists who twitter.com/eapsMIT understand the central role that the earth sciences play in ensuring a sustainable future. A little friendly banter between MIT professors led to a seismic shift in geophysical data flickr.com/photos/eapsmit analysis—driven by efforts of alumni and giving rise to a progenitor of ERL. We thank alumni and friends whose financial backing underpins the health and intellectual To receive the monthly e-newsletter EAPSpeaks, page 20 vigor of the EAPS community, and are truly grateful for those individuals, corporations, and please e-mail: [email protected] 26 PLANTING SEEDS TO GROW THE FUTURE OF RESEARCH foundations who support our faculty and students, allowing them to thrive. Investments from our friends into bold, new ideas from our faculty can catalyze major Register for a permanent @alum.mit.edu e-mail government funding and research innovation. Wishing you all happy holidays, and health and success in 2019. alias on the MIT Alumni Association website: alum.mit.edu/benefits/AlumniBenefits 30 STUDENTS AND SCIENCE, PAST AND PRESENT Highlights from the many celebrations in 2018 of EAPS research and academic program page 29 milestones, and a glimpse of what our students are investigating now. Rob van der Hilst 2 EAPS SCOPE | 2018-2019 EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC AND PLANETARY SCIENCES | MIT SCHOOL OF SCIENCE 3 like exploring for natural resources and safely extracting them some surprising ways: the same types of radar instrumentation from the ground, and expanding our ability to forecast, mitigate, that map the movement of glaciers and their beds can also be and adapt to natural hazards. adapted to help mitigate environmental hazards, like pinpointing marine oil spills and tracking wildfire perimeters. EAPS traces its roots back to 1861 with William Barton Rogers, a geologist and MIT’s founder and first president. Geology and Kristin Bergmann, the Victor P. Starr Career Development Assis- THE WORLD AT Mining Engineering (Course IV) was one of the original six tant Professor, also makes plenty of instrument observations in courses taught at MIT. As our understanding of the Earth’s systems environments shaped by glaciation, but what she’s looking for is has grown, the curricula and research foci have evolved into much different: rocks that capture the early history of complex the department today (Course XII)—a multidisciplinary hub, life and the environmental conditions that supported it. Her work where students and faculty are able to pursue innovative has taken her to fossil-rich places like Norway, Newfoundland, research collaborations to investigate the forces which shape Oman, and California’s Death Valley, where she and her group map OUR FINGERTIPS the natural world. spatial variations and make 3D reconstructions of the stratigra- phy using geographic information system technology (GIS) and INTERSECTIONS Catalyzing our novel approach are the four complementary and intersecting themes studied in EAPS—Earth. Planets. Climate. Life. Among the department’s many examples, Associate Profes- sor Taylor Perron’s research is just one. Perron and his group examine how landscapes form and evolve on Earth and other planets, and in the process often join forces with colleagues to probe deeper into their investigations. In the past, Perron and postdoctoral fellow Dino Bellugi teamed with Paul O’Gorman, associate professor of atmospheric science,
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