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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0062568 A1 Miralles (43) Pub

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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0062568 A1 Miralles (43) Pub US 2013 OO62568A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0062568 A1 Miralles (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 14, 2013 (54) ACID CLEANING AND CORROSION Publication Classification INHIBITING COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING GLUCONCACD (51) Int. Cl. C09K 5/6 (2006.01) (71) Applicant: Ecolab USA Inc., St. Paul, MN (US) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ...................................... C09K 15/16 (2013.01) (72) Inventor: Altony Miralles, Woodbury, MN (US) USPC .......................................................... 252/392 (73) Assignee: ECOLAB USA INC., St. Paul, MN (US) (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 13/674,539 A biodegradable acid cleaning composition for cleaning stainless steel, and other Surfaces is disclosed. The composi (22) Filed: Nov. 12, 2012 tion comprises urea sulfate in combination with gluconic acid which serves as a corrosion inhibitor. The composition retains Related U.S. Application Data the cleaning and corrosion prevention properties of similar (60) Continuation of application No. 13/344.982, filed on phosphoric acid solutions but is safe for the environment and Jan. 6, 2012, which is a continuation of application No. is less expensive to produce. Applicants have surprisingly 12/887,660, filed on Sep. 22, 2010, now abandoned, found that the traditionally alkaline corrosion inhibitor, glu which is a division of application No. 127751,674, filed conic acid, can work effectively in an acidic cleaning com on Mar. 31, 2010, now Pat. No. 7,828,908. position. US 2013/0062568 A1 Mar. 14, 2013 ACID CLEANING AND CORROSION also are used to improve corrosion resistance and enhance INHIBITING COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING brightness of the base metal surface. GLUCONCACD 0008. One of the problems which arises in the use of steel is its corrosion, either by the atmosphere or by the environ CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED ment in which it is used. The rate of corrosion may vary, APPLICATIONS depending on the Surrounding conditions and also the com 0001. This is a Continuation Application of U.S. Ser. No. position of the steel. Stainless steel, especially, is much more 13/344.982 filed Jan. 6, 2012, which is a Continuation Appli resistant to corrosion than plain carbon and other steels. This cation of U.S. Ser. No. 12/887,660 filed Sep. 22, 2010 (now resistance is due to the addition of chromium to alloys of iron abandoned), which application is a Divisional Application of and carbon. Other metals, for example copper, and aluminum, U.S. Ser. No. 127751,674, filed Mar. 31, 2010, now U.S. Pat. also increase corrosion resistance but they are limited in their No. 7,828,908 issued on Nov. 9, 2010, hereinincorporated by usefulness. Although stainless Steel has appreciable resis tance to corrosion, it will still corrode in certain circum reference in their entirety. stances and attempts have been made to prevent or reduce this FIELD OF THE INVENTION corrosion. Most acid cleaners also include a corrosion inhibi tor of some sort. For example, in acid media copper Sulphate 0002 The present invention relates to aqueous, acid clean has been used as a corrosion inhibitor. However this and other ers for cleaning metal and other Surfaces, particularly stain proposed inhibitors are not entirely satisfactory since, like less steel and for inhibiting corrosion. Methods of use and copper Sulphate, they may be expensive, introduce an effluent manufacturing of the same are also disclosed. disposal problem and, moreover, are not entirely effective. For example, when copper containing urea Sulfate solutions BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION are placed in contact with nickel metal, copper will plate the 0003 Steel is the generic name for a group of ferrous nickel Surface. metals, composed principally of iron, which have consider 0009. A variety of compounds, including dialkylthio able durability and versatility. By the proper choice of carbon ureas. Such as diethylthiourea and dibutylthiourea, are known content, addition of alloying elements, and by Suitable heat to reduce the corrosivity of sulfuric acid to carbon steels. treatment, different kinds of steel can be made for various Thioureas are not appropriate for food and beverage situa purposes and the use in industry of all kinds of steel is now tions as any remnant thiol compounds are considered con quite expansive. tamination for Such surfaces. 0004 Stainless steel is defined as a steel alloy, with a 0010. The type of acid used has also presented problems in minimum of 11% chromium content by mass. Stainless steel development of acid cleaners. Most acid cleaners are based does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as traditional steel. upon phosphoric acid due to its low cost, good combining There are over 150 different grades and surface finishes to ability with other ingredients, its ability to exert a very strong allow the stainless steel to suit the environment in which it synergistic cleaning affect, and its low corrosivity. will be used. Stainless steel's low maintenance and relatively 0011 Phosphoric acid has recently fallen out of favor due low cost make it an ideal base material for many commercial to environmental concerns. It is therefore one object of this applications. It is used in cookware, cutlery, hardware, Surgi invention to provide a phosphate free acid cleaning compo cal instruments, major appliances, industrial equipment, it is Sision which has equal or Superior cleaning and corrosive also used as a structural alloy for cars and as a construction inhibiting properties as phosphoric acid based cleaners. material for buildings. 0012. It is another object of this invention to provide aque 0005 Stainless steels have a passive film of chromium ous, urea Sulfate based acid cleaning compositions which are oxide that forms in the presence of oxygen due to the chro relatively noncorrosive due to addition of gluconic acid, to mium present in the steel. This layer blocks most corrosion stainless steel and which reduce the cost of Such cleaners. from spreading into the metals internal structure. High oxi 0013 Yet another object is to provide a liquid acid clean dation resistance can be achieved with chromium additions of ing composition for stainless steel which is biodegradable 13% by weight up to 26% for harsh environments. The chro and which includes components which are generally recog mium forms a passive layer of chromium III oxide (Cr2O) nized as safe. when exposed to oxygen. To have their optimum corrosion 0014. Other objects, aspects and advantages of this inven resistance, stainless steel Surfaces must be clean and have an tion will be apparent to one skilled in the art in view of the adequate Supply of oxygen to maintain this passive Surface following disclosure, the drawings, and the appended claims. layer. 0006 Cleaning of stainless steel includes the removal of SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION various Surface contaminants to ensure corrosion resistance, 0015 The present invention employs the use of gluconic to prevent contamination, and to achieve the desired appear acid as a corrosion inhibitor for use in acid cleaning compo ance of the steel. Acid cleaning is a process by which a sitions. Applicants have found, Surprisingly that the combi Solution of a mineral or organic acid in water sometimes in nation of gluconic acid as a corrosion inhibitor in an acidic combination with a wetting agent or detergent or both, is cleaning Solution works well and almost prohibits all corro employed to remove iron and other metallic contamination, Sion. The invention employs an aqueous Solution of a pH of light oxide films, soil and similar contaminants. less than 7, which uses an acid as the cleaning component. 0007 Acid cleaning compositions for removing contami Any acid used in an acid cleaning composition may be com nants from stainless steel generally have the mineral or bined with gluconic acid according to the invention, Such as organic acid in a solution with a pH of less than 7.0. The acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, and Sulfuric acid, all of compositions typically remove both organic (dirt, oils) and which are traditionally used in acid cleaning compositions. In inorganic (oxides, free iron) Soils in the same operation. They a preferred embodiment, the acid is sulfuric acid, which is US 2013/0062568 A1 Mar. 14, 2013 more preferably combined with urea to form a urea sulfate DETAILED DESCRIPTION acid cleaning composition. The acid cleaning compositions 0021. So that the invention maybe more readily under of the invention retain the anti-corrosive properties of phos stood, certain terms are first defined and certain test methods phoric acid as well as the cleaning capabilities and are bio are described. degradable and less expensive to produce. 0022. As used herein, “weight percent,” “wt-%.” “percent 0016 Typical urea sulfate acid cleaners contain from by weight.” “96 by weight,” and variations thereof refer to the about 5 to about 85, preferably about 10 to about 80 weight concentration of a Substance as the weight of that Substance percent sulfuric acid; about 5 to about 75, preferably about 10 divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied to about 70 weight percent urea; and 0 to about 75, usually 0 by 100. It is understood that, as used here, “percent,” “Y6 and to about 50, and preferably 0 to about 25 weight percent the like are intended to be synonymous with “weight percent.” water. Urea and Sulfuric acid, in combination, constitute at “wt-%, etc. least about 25, usually at least about 50, and preferably at least 0023. It should be noted that, as used in this specification about 75 weight percent of the composition, and are present in and the appended claims, the singular forms “a” “an and relative proportions corresponding to urea/sulfuric acid “the include plural referents unless the content clearly dic tates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composi molar ratios of more than 2 or less than 1.
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