UK NATIVE WILD FLORA MIXTURES To preserve our precious national wild flora heritage, it’s essential to sow seeds and plants that are UK native in origin.
Wild flora mixtures and native grasses from British Seed Houses have native UK provenance and include selected grasses to complement UK natural habitats.
British Seed Houses offers two UK native wild flower seed ranges Regional Environmental (RE) and General Landscaping Wild Flora (WF).
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL (RE) MIXTURES To help you select the right native plants for any given project, mixtures are categorised in regional groups, using grid references based on the National Vegetation Classification Survey. This helps preserve the heritage of our UK natural grass and flora habitats and recognises specific communities. All (RE) mixtures are formulated by seed number and not by weight giving a balanced content of all species.
GENERAL LANDSCAPING WILD FLORA (WF) MIXTURES The General Landscaping Wild Flora (WF) range is based on seed mixtures for different soil types, with 100% wild flower and ready-to-sow wild flower/grass blends, suitable for any areas in the UK. WF is ideal for producing attractive meadows in either urban areas or the countryside. Also we offer specific mixtures for known soil types in Ireland, Wales and Scotland.
SPECIFIC MIXTURES PRACTICAL ADVICE CHOOSING THE RIGHT A wide range of special mixtures to suit specific If you’d like help with a wild flower project, WILD FLORA SEED MIXTURE site needs can also be formulated - talk to our British Seed Houses’ technical advisers are If you know the type of soil, situation and what advisers for more details. only a phone call away. For large projects, the wild flora area will be used for, pinpoint we offer a free site visit and written report a suitable mixture using our quick reference SINGLE UK SPECIES with regional specification recommendations, product selector table, which lists the full range 200 Single UK native species are also confirming availability of native seed and practical of British Seed Houses’ UK Native Wild Flora available - in multiples of 10g, 50g and 100g. management advice. and Grass Mixtures. Minimum order value applies - for more information, talk to our advisers. It’s a popular myth that wild flower mixtures For advice on the most suitable mixture for your do not require maintenance. If left to its own needs or for advice about a special formulation, QUALITY SEED devices a wild flora meadow degenerates into please talk to our advisers. UK native seed stocks are multiplied and grown rough grassland within a few years, so a cutting on a field production system in the UK. All seeds schedule that maintains sward diversity is are produced on an annual basis to provide fresh essential. Ask your regional adviser for a copy seed. All seeds are tested for purity and presence of our wild flower manual to help you keep of noxious weeds. your flora thriving. BEWARE SUBSTITUTION! Deal with the experts at British Seed Houses. Some suppliers may simply not understand the implications of introducing foreign seed to the UK. Always specify UK native seed and always check with your supplier that you have been supplied exactly as stated in the specification. WILD FLORA MEADOW MANAGEMENT
MIXTURES CONTAINING PERENNIAL SPECIES ONLY
AUTUMN SOWN (First Year)
March Cut to 4-7cm if there is sufficient material. May Cut to 4-7cm in early May. September Cut to 4cm after flowering. In all cases, remove the clippings.
Maintenance thereafter: March/April Cut to 4-7cm to remove excess grass. September/October Cut to 4cm after flowering. In all cases, remove the clippings.
SPRING SOWN (First Year)
6 Weeks after sowing Cut to 4-7cm if there is sufficient material.
May Cut to 4-7cm if sufficient material (sward at 10cm or above). September/October Cut to 4cm. In all cases, remove the clippings.
Maintenance thereafter: March/April Cut to 4-7cm to remove excess grass. September/October Cut to 4cm after flowering. In all cases, remove the clippings.
MIXTURES INCLUDING CORNFIELD ANNUALS (EG. WFG2, WFG11, WFG15)
100% Cornfield Annual mixtures such as WF10 do not require maintenance. The following maintenance schedule is for combined Annual and Perennial mixtures.
AUTUMN SOWN
March/April Cut to 7cm if required no later than the end of April. September/October Cut to 4-7cm to prevent grasses and annuals outcompeting Perennial Species.
Maintenance thereafter: March/April Cut to 4-7cm to remove excess grass. September/October Cut to 4cm after flowering. In all cases, remove the clippings.
SPRING SOWN
August/September/October Cut to 4-7cm after flowering. (NB: a late spring sowing will result in later flowering)
Maintenance thereafter: March/April Cut to 4-7cm to remove excess grass. September/October Cut to 4cm after flowering. In all cases, remove the clippings.
A 100% Cornfield Annual sowing will not last for more than one year. Reseeding must be done to give an annual display. After several years of reseeding, a seedbank will have built up in the soil and simple soil disturbance in early spring will be sufficient to regenerate the flowers every year. REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL (RE MIXTURES)
RE TRADITIONAL RE RE RIVERFLOOD PLAIN/ HAY MEADOW LOWLAND MEADOW WATER MEADOW 1 (MG5 GRASSLAND) 2 (MG9 GRASSLAND) 3 (MG5 GRASSLAND)
MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) 1.5% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 1% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 0.5% Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold) 2% Anthoxanthum odoratum 1% Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) 3% Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) (Sweet Vernal Grass) 1% Conopodium majus (Pignut) 2% Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) 1.5% Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) 2% Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) 2% Leontodon autumnale (Autumn Hawkbit) 1.5% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 1% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 1% Leontodon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) 1% Leontodon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) 1% Hordeum sacalinum (Meadow Barley) 0.5% Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) 1.5% Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) 1% Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) 0.5% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 0.5% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 1% Leontodon autumnale 0.5% Lychnis flos cuculi (Ragged Robin) 2% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) (Autumn Hawkbit) 2% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 1% Agrimona eupatorium (Agrimony) 1% Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) 1% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 1.5% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 2% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 3% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 1.5% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 1% Lathyris pratensis (Meadow Vetchling) 1% Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) 1.5% Ranunculus bulbosus 1.4% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 3% Sanguisorba officinalis (Greater Burnett) (Bulbous Buttercup) 1.4% Pulicaria dysenteria 2% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) 1% Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) (Common Fleabone) 26% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) 1.5% Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) 2% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 32% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 0.5% Sanguisorba minor (Salad Burnet) 2% Agrimona eupatorium (Agrimony) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) 14% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 0.2% Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch) 20% Poa trivialis 18% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) 10% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) (Rough-Stalked Meadow Grass) 14% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) 6% Alopecurus pratensis (Meadow Foxtail) 22% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 3.5% Arrenatherum elatius (Tall Oat-Grass) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) 6% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE 6% Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) 6% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) - Water meadows 6% Trisetum flavescens (Yellow Oat-Grass) 13.5% Deschampsia caespitosa - River and lake banks (Tufted Hair-Grass) - Seasonally flooded lowlands 6% Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) - To encourage insects and birds WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE 11% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis - Heavy clay soils (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) - Road verges 3% Phleum pratense (Timothy) OPTIONAL SPECIES - Embankments 12% Poa trivialis - Angelica sylvestris (Wild Angelica) - Quarry areas (Rough-Stalked Meadow Grass) - Anthoxanthum odoratum (Sweet Vernal Grass) - Lowland areas 3% Trisetum flavescens (Yellow Oat-Grass) - Briza media (Quaking Grass) - To encourage insects and birds - Geum rivale (Water Avens) - Lotus ulignosus (Marsh Trefoil) WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE - Ranunculus repens (Creeping Buttercup) OPTIONAL SPECIES - Moist soils - Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) - Primula veris (Cowslip) - Open woodland - Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) - Briza media (Quaking Grass) - River and lake banks - Conopodium majus (Pignut) - Industrial land - Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) - To encourage insects and birds FURTHER INFORMATION - Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Sowing rate: - Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious) Between 3&5g/m2 - Lathyris pratensis (Meadow Vetchling) OPTIONAL SPECIES - Leontodon autumnale (Autumn Hawkbit) - Achillea ptarmica (Sneezewort) - Plantago media (Hoary Plantain) - Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) - Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) - Angelica sylvestris (Wild Angelica) - Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch) - Anthoxanthum odoratum (Sweet Vernal Grass) - Primula veris (Cowslip) FURTHER INFORMATION - Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Sowing rate: - Lotus ulignosus (Marsh Trefoil) Between 3&5g/m2 - Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious)
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus Minor) Lady's Bedstraw (Gallium Verum)
CALCAREOUS RE LOWLAND LIMESTONE RE SUB-MOUNTAIN RE UPLAND LIMESTONE (CG2 GRASSLAND) RESTORATION (CG9 GRASSLAND) 4 5 (CG10 GRASSLAND) 6
MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) 0.5% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 2% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 2% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 0.5% Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) 2% Calluna vulgaris (Heather) 1% Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) 1% Briza media (Quaking Grass) 2.5% Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell) 1% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 0.5% Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) 1.3% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 3% Leontodon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) 0.5% Daucus carota (Wild Carrot) 0.6% Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) 3% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 1% Filipendula vulgaris (Dropwort) 0.6% Leontodon autumnale (Autumn Hawkbit) 3% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 1% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 2% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 2% Sanguisorba minor (Greater Burnet) 2% Leontodon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) 2.5% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 3% Scabiosa columbaria (Small Scabious) 0.5% Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) 2% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 2% Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) 1.5% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 2% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 10% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 0.5% Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) 0.6% Ranunculus repens (Creeping Buttercup) 7.5% Briza media (Quaking Grass) 1.5% Onobrychis vicifolia (Sainfoin) 1.3% Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) 10% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) 2.0% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 0.6% Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) 18.5% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 1.0% Plantago media (Hoary Plantain) 16% Agrostis capillaris(Common Bent) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) 1.5% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 6% Anthoxanthum odoratum 34% Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) 2.5% Sanguisorba minor (Salad Burnet) (Sweet Vernal Grass) 1.5% Scabiosa columbaria (Small Scabious) 3% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) 0.5% Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) 6.5% Deschampsia caespitosa WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE 5% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) (Tufted Hair-Grass) - Upland limestone areas 5% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) 3% Deschampsia flexuosa (Wavy Hair-Grass) - Free-draining soils 5% Anthoxanthum odoratum 21.5% Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) - Footpath restoration (Sweet Vernal Grass) 21% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 5% Arrenatherum elatius (Tall Oat-Grass) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) 5% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) 3% Poa pratensis FURTHER INFORMATION 10% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) (Smooth-Stalked Meadow Grass) Sowing rate: 5% Deschampsia caespitose Between 3&5g/m2 (Tufted Hair-Grass) 25% Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE 5% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis - Cool, moist climates (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) - Upland regions 5% Poa pratensis - Brown earth soils (Smooth-Stalked Meadow Grass) - Footpath restoration 5% Trisetum flavescens (Yellow Oat-Grass)
OPTIONAL SPECIES WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE - Viola riviniana (Dog Violet) - Free draining soils - Potentilla erecta (Tormentil) - Limestone areas - Briza media (Quaking Grass) - Earthwork areas - Geum rivale (Water Avens) - Road verges - To encourage insects and birds FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: OPTIONAL SPECIES Between 3&5g/m2 - Agrimonia eupatorium (Agrimony) - Centaurea scabiosa (Greater Knapweed) - Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) - Primula veris (Cowslip) - Ranunculus bulbosus (Bulbous Buttercup) - Medicago lupulina (Black Medick)
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
Typical limestone upland flora Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus)
RE ACID SUB-MOUNTAIN RE RE RESTORATION COSTAL RECLAMATION FARMLAND MIXTURE 7 (U4 GRASSLAND) 8 (MG12 GRASSLAND) 9 (MG6 GRASSLAND)
MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) 3% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 1.5% Anthoxanthum odoratum 2% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 2% Calluna vulgaris (Heather) (Sweet Vernal Grass) 1% Centaurea nigra (Lesser Knapweed) 2% Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell) 2.5% Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) 2% Iris pseudacorus (Yellow Flag Iris) 1% Conopodium majus (Pignut) 1.5% Iris pseudacorus (Yellow Flag Iris) 1% Leontodon autumnale (Autumn Hawkbit) 1% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 1.5% Leontodon autumnale (Autumn Hawkbit) 1% Medicago lupulina (Black Medick) 2% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 2.5% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Tredfoil) 2% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 3% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 2.5% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 1% Plantago media (Hoary Plantain) 1% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 1.5% Plantago major (Greater Plantain) 1% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) 1% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 4% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 3% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) 1% Ranunculus repens (Creeping Buttercup) 2.5% Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch) 2% Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) 2% Sanguisorba minor (Salad Burnett) 3.3% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 2% Ranunculus repens (Creeping Buttercup) 1% Stachys betonica (Betony) 17.4% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) 1% Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) 23% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 7% Arrenatherum elatius (Tall Oat-Grass) 10.5% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 5% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) 3.3% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) 5.5% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) 5% Deschampsia caespitosa 3.3% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) 5.5% Alopecurus pratensis (Meadow Foxtail) (Tufted Hair-Grass) 17.4% Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) 1% Anthoxanthum odratum 23% Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) 3.3% Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) (Sweet Vernal Grass) 15% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 17.4% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 16% Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) 10.5% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) 9% Poa pratensis 7.6% Poa pratensis 5.5% Deschampsia caespitosa (Smooth-Stalked Meadow Grass) (Smooth-Stalked Meadow Grass) (Tufted Hair-Grass) 10.5% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE 5.5% Phleum pratense (Timothy) - Sub-mountainous regions - Coastal areas 5.0% Poa pratensis - Cool, wet climates - Free-draining soils (Smooth-Stalked Meadow Grass) - Poor acid soils - Tidal areas 5.5% Trisetum flavescens (Yellow Oat-Grass) - Salt marshes
OPTIONAL SPECIES WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE - Anthoxanthum odoratum (Sweet Vernal Grass) OPTIONAL SPECIES - Moist, free-draining soils - Potentilla erecta (Tormentil) - Silene diocia (Red Campion) - Landfill sites - Galium saxitile (Heath Bedstraw) - Lolium perenne (Perennial Ryegrass) - Farmland and country parks - Briza media (Quaking Grass) - Daucus carota (Wild Carrot) - Informal lawns - Agrostis canina (Velvet Bent) - Armaria maritima (Thrift) - Educational sites - To encourage insects and birds
FURTHER INFORMATION FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Sowing rate: OPTIONAL SPECIES Between 3&5g/m2 Between 3&5g/m2 - Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) - Lathyris pratensis (Meadow Vetchling)
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
High Brown Fritillary RE MARGINAL LAND RE HEATH SCRUBLAND RE DROUGHT LAND 10 (U20 GRASSLAND) 11 (U13 GRASSLAND) 12 (U16 GRASSLAND)
MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) MIXTURE (% BY SEED NUMBER) 1.4% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 25% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 3.1% Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) 1.3% Anthoxanthum odratum 41.25% Deschampsia flexuosa 1.4% Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) (Sweet Vernal Grass) (Wavy Hair-Grass) 3.1% Calluna vulgaris (Heather) 4% Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell) 25% Festuca ovina (Sheep’s Fescue) 1.4% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 1.3% Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) 8.75% Festuca rubra ssp litoralis 1.4% Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ears) 1.3% Endymion non-scriptus (Bluebell) (Slender Creeping Red Fescue) 1.4% Leontodon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) 1.4% Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) 1.4% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 1.3% Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) 4% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) 1.4% Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE 1.4% Plantago media (Hoary Plantain) 1.4% Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) - Poor fertility soils 1.4% Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) 1.4% Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) - For a natural grassland look 26% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) 1.3% Ranunculus repens (Creeping Buttercup) - Reclamation sites 7% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) 2.5% Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) - As a combination mixture with other wild flora 7% Anthoxanthum odoratum 30% Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent) (Sweet Vernal Grass) 6% Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bent) 7% Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) 12.5% Deschampsia flexuosa OPTIONAL SPECIES 33% Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) (Wavy Hair-Grass) - Deschampsia cespitosa (Tufted Hair Grass) 25% Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) - Agrostis canina (Velvet Bent) 6.5% Poa pratensis - Anthoxanum odoratum (Sweet Vernal Grass) WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE (Smooth-Stalked Meadow Grass) - Calluna vulgaris (Heather) - Drought-prone soils - Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) - Lowland areas - Urban, derelict sites WHERE TO USE THIS MIXTURE - To encourage insects and birds - Various soil types FURTHER INFORMATION - Landfill sites Sowing rate: - Reclamation sites Between 3&5g/m2 OPTIONAL SPECIES - Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell) - Rumex acetosella (Sheep’s Sorrel) OPTIONAL SPECIES - Teucrium scorodonia (Wood Sage) - Calluna vulgaris (Heather) - Conopodium majus (Pignut) - Teucrium scorodonia (Wood Sage) FURTHER INFORMATION - Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
Pink Blossoming (Erika calluna vulgaris) Peacock Butterfly GENERAL LANDSCAPING WILD FLOWERS (WFG MIXTURES)
MIXTURES FOR IRELAND
WFG WFG 11 LIGHT SOILS 12 HEAVY SOILS
MIXTURE MIXTURE Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Daucus carota (Wild Carrot) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Lotus ulignosus (Marsh Trefoil) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Silene diocia (Red Campion) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) Ranunculus bulbosus (Bulbous Buttercup) Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Silene diocia (Red Campion) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Stachys officinalis (Betony) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) With an increase in clay content, soils become Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) more difficult to cultivate and usually have Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) a weed problem which must be controlled before seeding. Frequent maintenance in the first year will be important to retard grass growth. This is a broad selection of species suitable for establishing on light loam soils. Although these types of soils are easy to cultivate, moisture FURTHER INFORMATION retention can sometimes be a problem. Firm the Sowing rate: seed with a ringed roller to retain soil moisture Between 3&5g/m2 for germination.
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
Common knapweed (Centaurea nigra) MIXTURES FOR SCOTLAND MIXTURE FOR WALES
WFG WFG WFG 13 CLAY NEUTRAL SOILS 14 DRY SANDY SOILS 16 PRODUCTIVE SOILS
MIXTURE MIXTURE MIXTURE Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) Centaurea nigra (Black Knapweed) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Bellis perennis (Common Daisy) Leontondon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Echium vulgare (Viper’s Bugloss) Medicago Iupilina (Black Medick) Daucus carota (Wild Carrot) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Hypericum perforatum (St John’s Wort) Prunella vulgaris (Self Heal) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Ranunculus repens (Creeping Buttercup) Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious) Primula vulgaris (Primrose) Rumex acetosa (Sorrel) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Silene alba (White Campion) Trifolium repens (White Clover) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Ranunculus bulbosus (Bulbous Buttercup) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) This mixture forms the basis of the British Silene diocia (Red Campion) Lowlands community that’s found wherever there Stachys officinalis (Betony) Soils containing a high proportion of sand provide has been intensive pasture improvement and Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch) a workable medium from which a seed bed can is abundant in the wetter western parts of South Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) be produced easily. Associated problems such Wales, the Welsh borders and parts of Deeside Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) as soil instability and lack of moisture retention & North Wales. In naturally occuring Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) may occur. Consolidating the seed bed will communities, Lolium perenne would be quite Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) prevent soil movement and aid germination. a prominent species but this has been omitted in order to aid establishment. It can, of course, be added at a later date. The range of seeds found within this mixture FURTHER INFORMATION are from the most common growing species Sowing rate: identified throughout Scotland.The variation Between 3&5g/m2 FURTHER INFORMATION in clay soil types is obviously very diverse and Sowing rate: so the mixture can be classed as a general Between 3&5g/m2 purpose blend, which is not restricted to a specific situation.
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
Thistle Buttercup meadow 100% UK NATIVE WILD FLORA MIXTURES
Mixtures WF1, 3 & 10 do not contain any grasses. Apart from WF10 Cornfield Annuals, we would always advise combining with a nurse crop of grass. 20% of these flora mixtures can be blended with 80% A4, A16 or A18 for a cost-effective option.
WF WF GENERAL PURPOSE WF 1 FLOWERING MEADOW 3 NEUTRAL SOILS 10 CORNFIELD ANNUALS
MIXTURE MIXTURE MIXTURE Agrostemma githago (Corn Cockle) Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Agrostemma githago (Corncockle) Anthenmis arvensis (Corn Camomile) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Anthemis arvensis (Corn Chamomile) Centaurea cyanus (Cornflower) Conopodium majus (Plantain Pignut) Centaurea cyanus (Cornflower) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Hypericum perforatum (St John’s Wort) Linum usitatissimum (Common Flax) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Cornfield annuals, once a common feature Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Lotus ulignosus (Marsh Trefoil) of traditional farming areas, have largely Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin) disappeared from their former habitat. This Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Onobrychis vicifolia (Sainfoin) mixture can be used to re-create those areas Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort) and gives an outstanding display of colour in Silene alba (White Campion) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) its first year, either sown on its own or to Vicia sativa (Common Vetch) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) supplement a mixture of perennial species which Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) are slower to establish. To produce a display Sanguisorba minor (Salad Burnet) of cornfield annuals every year, a re-seeding This mixture will establish quickly in areas Scabiosa columbaria (Small Scabious) programme should be implemented to build such as road verges, inner city derelict sites Vicia sativa (Common Vetch) up a seed bank. After several years there and wasteland areas, where an initial display will be enough seed to be regenerated by of colour is required. The annual species soil disturbance. produces a display in the first year and colour This mixture provides a wide range of species is provided by the perennial species in future and suits a variety of soil types and localities. years. The blend also contains perennial species It can be incorporated into the amenity mixtures FURTHER INFORMATION for persistence. such as: A4 Low Maintenance/Conservation Sowing rate: Areas, A18 Motorways/Road Verges and A16 Between 0.5&1.0g/m2 Reclamation/Country Parks (combined 80% FURTHER INFORMATION grass to 20% Wild Flora) to meet a particular Sowing rate: amenity use. Between 0.5&1.0g/m2
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 0.5&1.0g/m2
Bringing life to road verges Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) WILD FLORA AND WILD GRASS MIXTURES
These mixtures contain 20% Wild flora and 80% grasses by weight
WFG WFG WFG 2 FLOWERING MEADOW 4 NEUTRAL SOILS 5 CALCAREOUS SOILS
MIXTURE MIXTURE MIXTURE Agrostemma githago (Corn Cockle) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Anthemis arvensis (Corn Chamomile) Conopodium majus (Pignut) Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) Centaurea cyanus (Cornflower) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Campanula glomerata (Clustered Bellflower) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Centaurea scabiosa (Greater Knapweed) Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Linum usitatissimum (Common Flax) Clinopodium vulgare (Wild Basil) Hypericum perforatum (St John’s Wort) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Daucus carota (Wild Carrot) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Lotus ulignosus (Marsh Trefoil) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Onobrychis vicifolia (Sainfoin) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Medicago lupulina (Black Medick) Silene alba (White Campion) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) Onobrychis vicifolia (Sainfoin) Vicia sativa (Common Vetch) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Plantago media (Hoary Plantain) Agrostis castellana (Common Bent) Sanguisorba minor (Salad Burnet) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Anthoxanthum odoratum (Sweet Vernal Grass) Scabiosa columbaria (Small Scabious) Scabiosa columbaria (Small Scabious) Festuca longifolia (Hard Fescue) Stachys officinalis (Betony) Stachys officinalis (Bentony) Festuca ovina (Sheeps Fescue) Vicia sativa (Common Vetch) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) WFG2 combines wild flora species found Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) in WF1 with 80% ornamental grasses to produce Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) a grassland meadow mixture, suitable for acid soil types. Calcareous soils are free draining and prone WFG4 combines all wild flora species found to drought conditions. For this reason, avoid in WF3 with 80% ornamental grasses. This sowing in dry weather. Lime rich soils support FURTHER INFORMATION mixture is suitable for creating a grassland a relatively slow growing vegetation, making Sowing rate: mixture on a wide range of soil types. WFG5 easy to maintain once established. Between 3&5g/m2
FURTHER INFORMATION FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2 Between 3&5g/m2
Flowering Meadow WFG WFG FREE DRAINING WFG 6 HEAVY CLAY SOILS 7 SANDY SOIL 8 SHADED AREAS
MIXTURE MIXTURE MIXTURE Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Allium ursinum (Ramsons) Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) Anthyllis vulneria (Kidney Vetch) Clematis vitalba (Traveller’s Joy) Centaurea nigra (Common Knapweed) Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell) Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) Daucus carota (Wild Carrot) Endymion non-scriptus (Bluebell) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Echium vulgare (Viper’s Bugloss) Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw) Geranium robertianum (Herb Robert) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Leontodon hispidus (Rough Hawkbit) Hypericum perforatum (St John’s Wort) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin) Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Medicago lupulina (Black Medick) Medicago lupulina (Black Medick) Silene alba (White Campion) Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Reseda lutea (Wild Migonette) Silene diocia (Red Campion) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Reseda luteola (Weld) Stellaria holostea (Greater Stitchwort) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Teucrium scorodonia (Wood Sage) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Silene alba (White Campion) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Rumex acetosa (Common Sorrel) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Silene alba (White Campion) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Stachys officinalis (Bentony) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Suitable for planting within hedgerows and Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Sand based soils often create unsuitable or dry semi-shaded woodlands. Due to light levels site conditions. For this reason grasses contained being lower than in open field sites, growth in this mixture are both drought resistant and of companion grasses will be slow, making Due to the nature of clay soils, extra attention provide stabilising ground cover. Suitable for use this mixture low in maintenance. Brambles is required in terms of seed bed preparation in road construction, sand pits and on free may require control from time to time. to encourage good establishment. Cultivate when draining sites. soil moisture allows breakdown of the soil aggregates into a medium tilth. FURTHER INFORMATION FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2 FURTHER INFORMATION Between 3&5g/m2 Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra) WFG WFG WETLAND AND COUNTRYLIFE 9 POND AREAS 15
MIXTURE MIXTURE Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold) Bellis perennis (Common Daisy) Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) Capsella bursapastoris (Shepherd’s Purse) Geranium pratense (Meadow Cranesbill) Centaurea cyanus (Cornflower) Lotus ulignosus (Marsh Trefoil) Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold) Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin) Hypochoeris radicata (Cat’s Ear) Lythrum salicaria (Purple Loosetrife) Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Prunells vulgaris (Self-Heal) Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) Pulicaria dysenterica (Common Fleabane) Onobrychis vicifolia (Sainfoin) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) Sanguisorba minor (Greater Burnet) Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal) Silene diocia (Red Campion) Ranunculus acris (Meadow Buttercup) Succisa pratensis (Devil’s Bit Scabious) Rhinanthus minor (Yellow Rattle) Vicia sativa (Common Vetch) Scabiosa columbaria (Small Scabious) Phleum pratense (Small-eared Timothy) Silene alba (White Campion) Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot) Silene diocia (Red Campion) Festuca pratensis (Meadow Fescue) Vicia sativa (Common Vetch) Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Alopecurus pratensis (Meadow Foxtail) Arenetherum elatius (Tall Oat-Grass) Festuca longifolia (Hard Fescue) Suitable for aquatic habitats and damp low Festuca rubra ssp commutata lying sites, edge of ponds, rivers and ditches. (Chewings Fescue) Take care to establish in times when there Festuca rubra ssp rubra is least risk of flooding. (Strong Creeping Red Fescue)
FURTHER INFORMATION SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES MIXTURES Sowing rate: This mixture provides a wide selection of species Between 3&5g/m2 designed for educational use, on a selection of soil types and sites. The mixture can be studied for identification purposes, progression and balance of species through time.
FURTHER INFORMATION Sowing rate: Between 3&5g/m2
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BRISTOL T: 01179 823 691 F: 01179 822 198 E: [email protected]
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JANUARY 2006