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Download the Guide Introduction The “Guide to Grasses” handbook was designed to offer you an appreciation and brief technical reference to the most valuable plants in the central Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Region. The focus is on successful grasses for seeding in Colorado, Kansas, Wyoming, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Texas, as well as neighboring states outside of this region. In this edition we have described 92 common grasses and legume species to help our customers make better selections for successful planting. This guide may not be the only source of information for selection and care of grasses and legumes. However, we hope you find it to be a handy reference to help you in your selection of the best plant species, as well as useful when you are out in the field. It is advisable to contact the plant experts at Pawnee Buttes Seed Inc., and consult with your local Natural Resources Conservation Service office for additional information before planting. Don Hijar has owned Pawnee Buttes Seed, Inc. since 1998. He brings with him more than 30 years in the seed industry as a business owner, teacher, and advisor to universities, neighbors, businesses and customers alike. Pawnee Buttes Seeds sells grasses, forbs, shrubs, alfalfas, legumes, wetland and riparian species, and offers expertise in turf, reclamation and forage. We pride ourselves on a friendly and knowledgeable staff, and we look forward to helping you with your planting needs. Please feel free to call us with any questions at (800) 782-5947. Dedication This book is dedicated to the memory of Janine Hijar, co-owner of Pawnee Buttes Seed, wife, and friend to everyone. Janine’s spirit and hard work were a huge part of the success of Pawnee Buttes Seed, as was her passion for the western seed industry. She is greatly missed. i All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without the permission of Pawnee Buttes Seed. ii Table of Contents QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE . 2-3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 4 DEFINITION, TERMS and ABBREVATIONS . 4 SEEDING RATE and DATE RECOMMENDATIONS . 5 PAGE INDEX TO SPECIES by common names . 6-7 GRASS SPECIES DISCRIPTION . 9 LEGUME SPECIES DISCRIPTION . 93 PAST SCIENTIFIC NAME cross-reference Table 1 . 102-103 CURRENT SCIENTIFIC NAME cross-reference Table 2 . 104-105 ESTABLISHING SUSTAINABLE GRASSES ON DRYLAND. 106 REFERENCE MAP . Back Cover E-mail: [email protected] www.PawneeButtesSeed.com 1-800-782-5947 Ph: 970-356-7002 Fax: 970-356-7263 February 2016 Fourth Edition 1 QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Soil Uses Tolerances* Seeding Rate *Legend: 1=Slight tolerance, Min. 2=Moderate tolerance 3=High tolerance ppt Field Turf inch lbs./ac. lbs./1000 s.f. Bunch/Sod Common Name Cool/Warm Native/Intro. Forage Reclaimation Restoration Turf Clay Sand Acid Salt Alkaligrass Weeping B C N x x 3 3 16 2.0-3.0 1.0-1.5 Bentgrass Colonial S C I x x 1 1 1 18 1.0-2.0 0.5-1.0 Bentgrass Creeping S C I x 1 1 1 18 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 Bentgrass Redtop S C I x x x 2 24 4.0-5.0 –––– Bermudagrass S W I x x 1 2 18 11-23 1.0-1.5 Bluegrass Alpine B C N x 2 22 1.0-2.0 –––– Bluegrass Annual B C I x x 1 18 1.0-2.0 1.0-2.0 Bluegrass Bulbous B C I x 16 3.0-6.0 –––– Bluegrass Canada B C I x x 1 1 2 15 0.5-1.0 1.0-2.0 Bluegrass Canby B C N x x 1 1 1 16 1.0-2.0 –––– Bluegrass Fowl S C N x 1 18 1.0-2.0 1.0-2.0 Bluegrass Glaucous B C I x x 1 18 0.5-1.0 1.0-2.0 Bluegrass Kentucky S C I x x 1 18 1.0-2.0 1.0-1.5 Bluegrass Rough S C I x 1 18 1.0-2.0 1.0-1.5 Bluegrass Sandburg B C N x x 2 16 1.0-3.0 –––– Bluestem Big S W N x x x 2 18 6.0-12 –––– Bluestem Caucasian S W I x 1 16 3.0-7.0 –––– Bluestem Little B W N x x 1 15 3.5-7.0 –––– Bluestem Sand S W N x x x 3 15 8.0-16 –––– Bluestem Yellow B W I x x 1 15 1.0-2.5 –––– Bristlegrass Plains B W N x x 2 2 12 3.0-6.0 –––– Brome Meadow B C I x 1 16 12-24 –––– Brome Mountain B C N x x 1 18 10-20 –––– Brome Smooth S C I x x 1 14 6.0-10 –––– Buffalograss S W N x x x x 2 1 2 10 11-20 1.5-2.0 Canarygrass Reed S C N x x x 1 1 2 18 3.0-6.0 –––– Cordgrass Prairie S W N x x 2 18 5.0-7.0 –––– Dropseed Sand B W N x x x 3 1 10 0.2-1.0 –––– Fescue Alpine S C N x x 2 20 2.0-4.0 –––– Fescue Arizona B C N x x 1 14 2.0-5.0 –––– Fescue Chewing S C I x 1 1 18 1.5-3.0 3.5-4.5 Fescue Creeping Red S C I x 1 1 18 1.5-3.0 3.5-4.5 Fescue Hard B C I x x x 1 1 14 1.5-3.0 3.0-4.0 Fescue Idaho B C N x x x 1 1 15 2.0-3.5 –––– Fescue Rocky Mountain B C N x x x 1 1 1 15 1.5-3.0 3.0-4.0 Fescue Rough B C N x x 1 12 4.0-8.0 –––– Fescue Sheep B C N x x 2 10 1.5-3.0 3.0-4.0 Fescue Tall B C I x x x 1 1 2 16 4.0-8.0 7.0-9.0 Foxtail Creeping Meadow S C I x x 2 1 20 1.5-3.0 –––– Galleta James’ S W N x x x 1 1 2 10 2.0-10 –––– Grama Black S W N x x 1 1 16 1.0-2.0 –––– Grama Blue S W N x x x 1 1 2 12 1.0-3.0 1.5-3.0 Grama Sideoats B W N x x 1 12 4.0-8.0 –––– Hairgrass Tufted B C N x x 3 20 1.0-1.5 –––– Indiangrass Yellow S W N x x x 2 2 2 2 16 4.5-10 –––– Junegrass Prairie B C N x x 1 16 0.5-1.0 –––– 2 QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Soil Uses Tolerances* Seeding Rate *Legend: 1=Slight tolerance, Min. 2=Moderate tolerance ppt Field Turf 3=High tolerance inch lbs./ac. lbs./1000 s.f. Bunch/Sod Common Name Cool/Warm Native/Intro. Forage Reclaimation Restoration Turf Clay Sand Acid Salt Kleingrass B W I x 2 1 2 18 1.0-2.0 –––– Lovegrass Sand B W N x x x 3 14 1.0-2.0 –––– Lovegrass Weeping B W I x x x 2 16 1.0-2.0 –––– Muhly Spike B W N x x 1 1 1 16 1.0-1.5 –––– Needlegrass Green B C N x x x 3 1 16 5.0-10.0 –––– Needlegrass Needle and Thread B C N x x 2 10 7.0-14.0 –––– Orchardgrass B C I x x 3 1 2 1 18 1.5-3.0 –––– Ricegrass Indian B C N x x 1 3 2 8 5.0-10.0 –––– Ryegrass Annual/Italian B C I x x 2 2 1 16 4.0-8.0 7.0-9.0 Ryegrass Perennial B C I x x 2 2 1 16 4.0-8.0 7.0-9.0 Sacaton Alkali B C N x x x 3 1 3 10 0.5-1.5 –––– Saltgrass Inland S W N x x 2 2 3 12 5.0-10.0 –––– Sandreed Prairie S W N x x x 3 12 4.0-7.0 –––– Sprangletop Green B W N x x 2 11 1.5-2.5 –––– Squirreltail Bottlebrush B C N x x x 1 2 3 8 4.0-9.0 –––– Switchgrass S W N x x 1 2 2 16 2.0-4.0 –––– Timothy B C I x x 1 1 16 1.0-2.0 –––– Timothy Alpine S C N x x 2 18 1.0-2.0 –––– Wheatgrass Beardless B C N x x 1 10 5.0-10.0 –––– Wheatgrass Bluebunch B C N x x 1 10 5.0-10.0 –––– Wheatgrass Crested B C I x x x 1 2 9 3.5-8.0 3.0-5.0 Wheatgrass Hybrid S C I x x 3 13 10.0-14.0 –––– Wheatgrass Intermediate S C I x x 1 1 15 5.0-15.0 –––– Wheatgrass Pubescent S C I x x 1 2 14 5.0-15.0 –––– Wheatgrass Siberian B C I x 1 2 9 4.5-9.5 –––– Wheatgrass Slender B C N x xc x 2 12 5.5-11.0 –––– Wheatgrass Streambank S C N x x x 1 1 10 5.5-11 4.0-6.0 Wheatgrass Tall B C I x x 3 16 10.0-20.0 –––– Wheatgrass Thickspike S C N x x x 1 2 10 5.0-10.0 –––– Wheatgrass Western S C N x x x 2 2 14 7.0-15.0 –––– Wildrye Altai B C I x x 2 14 15.0-20.0 –––– Wildrye Basin B C N x x x 2 12 5.0-10.0 –––– Wildrye Beardless S C N x x x 3 14 6.5-13.0 –––– Wildrye Blue B C N x x 2 14 7.0-13.0 –––– Wildrye Canada B C N x x 2 12 5.0-10.0 –––– Wildrye Mammoth S C I x 2 2 12 5.0-10.0 –––– Wildrye Russian B C I x x 2 2 8 5.0-10.0 –––– Wildrye Virginia B C N x x 2 24 10.0-20.0 –––– LEGUMES Alfalfa B C I x 2 1 16 6.0-10.0 –––– Clover Alsike S C I x x 3 2 16 6.0-8.0 –––– Clover Red B C I x x 2 12 3.0-6.0 –––– Clover White S C I x x x 1 14 4.0-6.0 3.0-5.0 Milkvetch Chickpea S C I x x 1 1 15 6.0-12.0 –––– Sainfoin S C I x 16 20.0-25.0 –––– Sweetclover Yellow B C I x x 1 1 1 10 3.0-6.0 –––– Trefoil Birdsfoot B C I x 1 18 3.0-6.0 –––– 3 Acknowledgments Wendell G.
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