DOCSLIB.ORG

Russian Federation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

II. PARTNER COUNTRY PROFILES – RUSSIAN FEDERATION Russian Federation Tourism in the economy In 2014 Russia recorded 32.4 million international arrivals. This is 5% more international visitors than in 2013. The total number of people visiting Russia for leisure related tourism purposes decreased by 3%, but visits for business purposes increased by 8%. At the same time, there was a significant decrease in outbound tourism from Russia in 2014, falling by 15.1% on the previous year. Tourism directly employed 500 900 people working in hotel, travel agency and reservation services in 2014. The total contribution of travel and tourism to GDP in 2014 was estimated to be RUB 4 357 billion, approximately 6% of total GDP. The sector is estimated to directly and indirectly support 3.9 million jobs (5.6% of total employment), with tourism exports estimated to be worth RUB 735.4 billion (3.5% of total exports) and investment to be RUB 369 billion (2.7% of total investment) (WTTC). Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and Federal Agency for Tourism (Rustourism) are working towards the production of a Tourism Satellite Account for Russia. The activities classified as tourism were approved by the Ministry of Culture in 2014 and will be used in pilot calculations on the contribution of tourism to the economy. Tourism governance and funding Responsibility for tourism rests with the Ministry of Culture, which covers laws and regulations and general policy. Operational activity is the responsibility of the Federal Agency for Tourism (Rustourism), which is an agency of the Ministry. Rustourism performs a range of functions including global and domestic marketing, education and training, data analysis, business support and various management and supervisory activities. A regional approach to tourism is crucial in the Russian Federation due to its vast size and the abundant natural, social and economic disparities within its territory. Most regional administrations have local ministries, agencies, committees and departments with responsibilities for tourism affairs. The federal governing bodies – the Ministry and the Federal Agency for Tourism – co-ordinate and co-operate with the regional tourism authorities in the planning, administration and promotion of tourism. In 2014, the budget of the Federal Agency for Tourism allocated RUB 4 637 million to the implementation of the Federal Target Programme Development of Domestic Tourism in the Russian Federation 2011-18. Tourism policies and programmes The main challenge facing tourism in Russia is to improve the quality and competitiveness of the tourism product in domestic and global markets. OECD TOURISM TRENDS AND POLICIES 2016 © OECD 2016 375 II. PARTNER COUNTRY PROFILES – RUSSIAN FEDERATION Russian Federation: Organisational chart of tourism bodies Ministry of Culture Federal level Federal Agency for Tourism Regional level Regional Ministries Regional Agencies Regional Departments Regional Committees Source: OECD, adapted from the Ministry of Culture, 2016. This challenge is recognised in the Federal Target Programme Development of Domestic and Inbound Tourism in the Russian Federation 2011-18 which identifies three key tasks: the development of tourism and recreation products, improvement of the quality of services and promotion of tourism products in international and domestic markets. More specific objectives and actions are contained in the State Programme of the Russian Federation Development of Culture and Tourism 2013-20. Falling under the Ministry of Culture, the overall objective of this programme is to realise the potential of Russian culture as the spiritual and moral base for individuals and society and the development of tourism. The following key tasks are identified: ● Preservation of cultural and historical heritage, access of citizens to cultural values, participation in cultural life and realisation of the creative potential of the nation, ● Improving the quality and availability of services in the field of domestic and international tourism, ● Creation of favourable conditions for sustainable development of culture and tourism. Priorities for action by the Federal Agency for Tourism include: ● Establishing priority destinations for tourism development, including: Crimea, Sochi, Northern Caucasus, the Arctic, Lake Baikal, the Altai region, the Volga region and the Far East, ● Improving vocational training, including improving the quality of teaching and learning materials, ● Improving the formulation of tourism offers in line with consumer interests, and improving communication techniques, ● Improving the identification of target markets, ● Addressing price competitiveness, which requires interdepartmental co-operation, ● Creating an integrated system for ensuring the security of tourists. The new tourism marketing strategy for the Russian Federation has involved: opening National tourist offices (NTO) abroad and flagship tourist information (TIO) offices in transport hubs, notably Moscow, St Petersburg and Sochi airports; an inter-regional co-branded advertising campaign under the single brand identity “Time to rest in Russia”; 376 OECD TOURISM TRENDS AND POLICIES 2016 © OECD 2016 II. PARTNER COUNTRY PROFILES – RUSSIAN FEDERATION creating audio tours for certain regions; developing and promoting a national events programme and calendar; piloting a virtual tourist information office in Sochi; and creating a multi-lingual national tourism portal. Statistical profile Table 1. Russian Federation: Domestic, inbound and outbound tourism 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 TOURISM FLOWS, THOUSAND Domestic tourism Total domestic trips .. .. .. .. .. Overnight visitors (tourists) 60 425 67 560 73 492 .. .. Same-day visitors (excursionists) .. .. .. .. .. Nights in all types of accommodation .. .. .. .. .. Hotels and similar establishments .. .. .. .. .. Specialised establishments .. .. .. .. .. Other collective establishments .. .. .. .. .. Private accommodation .. .. .. .. .. Inbound tourism Total international arrivals 22 272 24 920 28 168 30 792 32 421 Overnight visitors (tourists) .. .. .. .. .. Same-day visitors (excursionists) .. .. .. .. .. Top markets China 747 844 977 1 072 1 125 Germany 611 629 672 687 635 United States 262 275 287 306 257 United Kingdom 213 221 232 260 228 Italy 198 207 212 226 220 Nights in all types of accommodation .. .. .. .. .. Hotels and similar establishments .. .. .. .. .. Specialised establishments .. .. .. .. .. Other collective establishments .. .. .. .. .. Private accommodation .. .. .. .. .. Outbound tourism Total international departures .. .. .. .. .. Overnight visitors (tourists) 39 304 43 707 47 806 54 069 45 882 Same-day visitors (excursionists) .. .. .. .. .. Top destinations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. TOURISM RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE, MILLION USD Inbound tourism Total international receipts 13 240 16 960 17 875 20 199 19 451 International travel receipts 8 830 11 328 10 759 11 988 11 759 International passenger transport receipts 4 409 5 633 7 117 8 210 7 692 Outbound tourism Total international expenditure 30 169 37 343 48 096 59 503 55 383 International travel expenditure 26 693 32 902 42 798 53 453 50 428 International passenger transport expenditure 3 476 4 441 5 298 6 051 4 955 .. Not available Disclaimer: http://oe.cd/disclaimer Source: OECD Tourism Statistics (Database). 1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933321123 OECD TOURISM TRENDS AND POLICIES 2016 © OECD 2016 377 II. PARTNER COUNTRY PROFILES – RUSSIAN FEDERATION Table 2. Russian Federation: Enterprises and employment in tourism Number of Number of persons employed2 establishments1 2014 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. Tourism industries 103 571 503 143 499 189 491 802 478 516 500 900 Accommodation services for visitors 15 590 454 831 451 737 443 140 428 372 .. Hotels and similar establishments 10 714 143 066 150 515 153 650 154 711 166 100 Food and beverage serving industry 76 367 .. .. .. .. .. Passenger transport .. .. .. .. .. .. Air passenger transport .. .. .. .. .. .. Railways passenger transport .. .. .. .. .. .. Road passenger transport .. .. .. .. .. .. Water passenger transport .. .. .. .. .. .. Passenger transport supporting services .. .. .. .. .. .. Transport equipment rental .. .. .. .. .. .. Travel agencies and other reservation services 11 614 48 312 47 452 48 662 50 144 45 500 industry Cultural industry .. .. .. .. .. .. Sports and recreation industry .. .. .. .. .. .. Retail trade of country-specific tourism .. .. .. .. .. .. characteristic goods Other country-specific tourism industries .. .. .. .. .. .. Other industries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Not available Disclaimer: http://oe.cd/disclaimer 1. Data refer to number of enterprises. 2. Data refer to number of employees. Source: OECD Tourism Statistics (Database). 1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933321130 378 OECD TOURISM TRENDS AND POLICIES 2016 © OECD 2016 From: OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2016 Access the complete publication at: https://doi.org/10.1787/tour-2016-en Please cite this chapter as: OECD (2016), “Russian Federation”, in OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2016, OECD Publishing, Paris. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/tour-2016-56-en This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status
Recommended publications
  • The Tourism Potential of the North Caucasus: the Formation, Characteristics and Development Prospects

    The Tourism Potential of the North Caucasus: the Formation, Characteristics and Development Prospects

    GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites Year XI, vol. 22, no. 2, 2018, p.347-358 ISSN 2065-0817, E-ISSN 2065-1198 DOI 10.30892/gtg.22206-293 THE TOURISM POTENTIAL OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS: THE FORMATION, CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS Svetlana ANDREYANOVA* Stavropol State Agrarian University, Department of Tourism and Service, 355017, 12, Russia, Stavropol, Zootekhnichesky Ave, e-mail: [email protected] Anna IVOLGA Stavropol State Agrarian University, Department of Tourism and Service, 355017, 12, Russia, Stavropol, Zootekhnichesky Ave, e-mail: [email protected] Citation: ANDREYANOVA, S., & IVOLGA A. (2018). THE TOURISM POTENTIAL OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS: THE FORMATION, CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites. 22(2), 347–358. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.22206-293 Abstract: This research looks at the North Caucasus region at the south of Russia, a bridge between the Black and the Caspian Seas, its unique geographical location that determined the diversity of natural, climate and ethnographic resources. The goal is to show the modern complications concerning of the North Caucasus Region unique offer on the world tourist market. This has been done by examining different zones of nature management with their features in region. For this research we used coefficients relate with the social and economic development, and tourism attractiveness. As a result, we found the existing problems which lead to low internal demand and adverse demand on the international tourist market. Through showing that the Solving these urgent problems together with implementation of the Development Strategies will make the North Caucasus an attractive resort for different kind of tourists.
  • Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: an Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data

    Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: an Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data

    IZA DP No. 1958 Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data Elizabeth Brainerd DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES DISCUSSION PAPER January 2006 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data Elizabeth Brainerd Williams College, CEPR, WDI and IZA Bonn Discussion Paper No. 1958 January 2006 IZA P.O. Box 7240 53072 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-180 Email: [email protected] Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the institute. Research disseminated by IZA may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. IZA Discussion Paper No.
  • Article in English.Pdf

    Article in English.Pdf

    Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации Ministry of education and science of Russian Federation Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования ОМСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. Ф.М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО OMSK STATE UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER F.M. DOSTOEVSKY УНИВЕРСИТЕТ АНЖЕ (Франция) UNIVERSITY OF ANGERS (France) СЕЛЬСКИЙ ТУРИЗМ В РОССИИ И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ Коллективная монография RURAL TOURISM IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS Collective monograph Angers – Omsk 2013 УДК 379.85 ББК 75.81 С298 Рекомендовано к изданию редакционно-издательским советом ОмГУ Содержание учебного пособия является предметом ответственности авторов и не отражает точку зрения Европейского Союза Рецензенты: Е. С. Савельева – канд. филол. наук, доцент кафедры русского языка Военного университета Министерства обороны (Москва); Е. Д. Малёнова – канд. филол. наук, доцент кафедры английской филологии Омского государственного университета им. Ф.М. Достоевского С298 Сельский туризм в России: проблемы и перспективы = Rural Tourism in Russia and abroad: Problems and Prospects: коллективная монография / отв. ред. О. С. Иссерс. – Омск: Изд-во Ом. гос. ун-та, 2013. – 142 с. ISBN 978-5-7779-1579-5 The monograph is devoted to the theoretical and practical basis of rural tourism as a new sector of the tourism in Russia, aimed at the use of natural, cultural, historical and other resources of the countryside and its peculiari- ties in order to create a complex touristic product. Rural tourism is consid- ered as a factor of socio-economic growth in some regions of Russia and whole country. Experience of creating a touristic product in a number of European countries (Germany, France, and Cyprus) in the field of agro- tourism is offered.
  • Russia's Boreal Forests

    Russia's Boreal Forests

    Forest Area Key Facts & Carbon Emissions Russia’s Boreal Forests from Deforestation Forest location and brief description Russia is home to more than one-fifth of the world’s forest areas (approximately 763.5 million hectares). The Russian landscape is highly diverse, including polar deserts, arctic and sub-arctic tundra, boreal and semi-tundra larch forests, boreal and temperate coniferous forests, temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, forest-steppe and steppe (temperate grasslands, savannahs, and shrub-lands), semi-deserts and deserts. Russian boreal forests (known in Russia as the taiga) represent the largest forested region on Earth (approximately 12 million km2), larger than the Amazon. These forests have relatively few tree species, and are composed mainly of birch, pine, spruce, fir, with some deciduous species. Mixed in among the forests are bogs, fens, marshes, shallow lakes, rivers and wetlands, which hold vast amounts of water. They contain more than 55 per cent of the world’s conifers, and 11 per cent of the world’s biomass. Unique qualities of forest area Russia’s boreal region includes several important Global 200 ecoregions - a science-based global ranking of the Earth’s most biologically outstanding habitats. Among these is the Eastern-Siberian Taiga, which contains the largest expanse of untouched boreal forest in the world. Russia’s largest populations of brown bear, moose, wolf, red fox, reindeer, and wolverine can be found in this region. Bird species include: the Golden eagle, Black- billed capercaillie, Siberian Spruce grouse, Siberian accentor, Great gray owl, and Naumann’s thrush. Russia’s forests are also home to the Siberian tiger and Far Eastern leopard.
  • Ivan Vladislavovich Zholtovskii and His Influence on the Soviet Avant-Gavde

    Ivan Vladislavovich Zholtovskii and His Influence on the Soviet Avant-Gavde

    87T" ACSA ANNUAL MEETING 125 Ivan Vladislavovich Zholtovskii and His Influence on the Soviet Avant-Gavde ELIZABETH C. ENGLISH University of Pennsylvania THE CONTEXT OF THE DEBATES BETWEEN Gogol and Nikolai Nadezhdin looked for ways for architecture to THE WESTERNIZERS AND THE SLAVOPHILES achieve unity out of diverse elements, such that it expressed the character of the nation and the spirit of its people (nnrodnost'). In the teaching of Modernism in architecture schools in the West, the Theories of art became inseparably linked to the hotly-debated historical canon has tended to ignore the influence ofprerevolutionary socio-political issues of nationalism, ethnicity and class in Russia. Russian culture on Soviet avant-garde architecture in favor of a "The history of any nation's architecture is tied in the closest manner heroic-reductionist perspective which attributes Russian theories to to the history of their own philosophy," wrote Mikhail Bykovskii, the reworking of western European precedents. In their written and Nikolai Dmitriev propounded Russia's equivalent of Laugier's manifestos, didn't the avantgarde artists and architects acknowledge primitive hut theory based on the izba, the Russian peasant's log hut. the influence of Italian Futurism and French Cubism? Imbued with Such writers as Apollinari Krasovskii, Pave1 Salmanovich and "revolutionary" fervor, hadn't they publicly rejected both the bour- Nikolai Sultanov called for "the transformation. of the useful into geois values of their predecessors and their own bourgeois pasts? the beautiful" in ways which could serve as a vehicle for social Until recently, such writings have beenacceptedlargelyat face value progress as well as satisfy a society's "spiritual requirements".' by Western architectural historians and theorists.
  • The Inextricable Link Between Literature and Music in 19Th

    The Inextricable Link Between Literature and Music in 19Th

    COMPOSERS AS STORYTELLERS: THE INEXTRICABLE LINK BETWEEN LITERATURE AND MUSIC IN 19TH CENTURY RUSSIA A Thesis Presented to The Graduate Faculty of The University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Music Ashley Shank December 2010 COMPOSERS AS STORYTELLERS: THE INEXTRICABLE LINK BETWEEN LITERATURE AND MUSIC IN 19TH CENTURY RUSSIA Ashley Shank Thesis Approved: Accepted: _______________________________ _______________________________ Advisor Interim Dean of the College Dr. Brooks Toliver Dr. Dudley Turner _______________________________ _______________________________ Faculty Reader Dean of the Graduate School Mr. George Pope Dr. George R. Newkome _______________________________ _______________________________ School Director Date Dr. William Guegold ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER I. OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECULAR ART MUSIC IN RUSSIA……..………………………………………………..……………….1 Introduction……………………..…………………………………………………1 The Introduction of Secular High Art………………………………………..……3 Nicholas I and the Rise of the Noble Dilettantes…………………..………….....10 The Rise of the Russian School and Musical Professionalism……..……………19 Nationalism…………………………..………………………………………..…23 Arts Policies and Censorship………………………..…………………………...25 II. MUSIC AND LITERATURE AS A CULTURAL DUET………………..…32 Cross-Pollination……………………………………………………………...…32 The Russian Soul in Literature and Music………………..……………………...38 Music in Poetry: Sound and Form…………………………..……………...……44 III. STORIES IN MUSIC…………………………………………………… ….51 iii Opera……………………………………………………………………………..57
  • A Study on the Scythian Torque

    A Study on the Scythian Torque

    IJCC, Vol, 6, No. 2, 69〜82(2003) A Study on the Scythian Torque Moon-Ja Kim Professor, Dept, of Clothing & Textiles, Suwon University (Received May 2, 2003) Abstract The Scythians had a veritable passion for adornment, delighting in decorating themselves no less than their horses and belongings. Their love of jewellery was expressed at every turn. The most magnificent pieces naturally come from the royal tombs. In the area of the neck and chest the Scythian had a massive gold Torques, a symbol of power, made of gold, turquoise, cornelian coral and even amber. The entire surface of the torque, like that of many of the other artefacts, is decorated with depictions of animals. Scythian Torques are worn with the decorative terminals to the front. It was put a Torque on, grasped both terminals and placed the opening at the back of the neck. It is possible the Torque signified its wearer's religious leadership responsibilities. Scythian Torques were divided into several types according to the shape, Torque with Terminal style, Spiral style, Layers style, Crown style, Crescent-shaped pectoral style. Key words : Crescent-shaped pectoral style, Layers style, Scythian Torque, Spiral style, Terminal style role in the Scythian kingdom belonged to no­ I • Introduction mads and it conformed to nomadic life. A vivid description of the burial of the Scythian kings The Scythians originated in the central Asian and of ordinary members of the Scythian co­ steppes sometime in the early first millennium, mmunity is contained in Herodotus' History. The BC. After migrating into what is present-day basic characteristics of the Scythian funeral Ukraine, they flourished, from the seventh to the ritual (burials beneath Kurgans according to a third centuries, BC, over a vast expanse of the rite for lating body in its grave) remained un­ steppe that stretched from the Danube, east changed throughout the entire Scythian period.^ across what is modem Ukraine and east of the No less remarkable are the articles from the Black Sea into Russia.
  • North Caucasus Image Inside Russia in the Context of Tourism Cluster Development

    North Caucasus Image Inside Russia in the Context of Tourism Cluster Development

    GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites Year XII, vol. 28, no. 1, 2020, p.275-288 ISSN 2065-1198, E-ISSN 2065-0817 DOI 10.30892/gtg.28122-469 NORTH CAUCASUS IMAGE INSIDE RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF TOURISM CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT Tatiana LITVINOVA* Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Department of Regional Governance and National Politics, 143000, 3, Odintsovo, Novo-Sportivnaya st., Russia, Moscow region, e-mail: [email protected] Citation: Litvinova T.N. (2020). NORTH CAUCASUS IMAGE INSIDE RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF TOURISM CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 28(1), 275–288. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.28122-469 Abstract: The article is devoted to the North Caucasus image assessment inside Russia as the important factor of tourists’ attraction to this territory. The growth of tourist cluster in the North Caucasus is one of the main tasks written in Strategy of socio-economic development of the North Caucasus Federal District untill 2025. But in the public opinion of Russians the North Caucasus was for many years perceived as a territory of socio-political instability. The research is based on the Internet survey conducted by author (n=1012). The results of survey are matched with mass media news about tourist objects development and also compared with statistic of visits of the North Caucasus by Russian and foreign citizens. The conclusion says about the growth of positive assessments of the North Caucasus image among Russians, but some stereotypes still remain. The ski resorts in Dombay and Elbrus region, which are in demand among lovers of skiing, need modernization and expansion of infrastructure.
  • 46 Agritourism As a Factor of Rural

    46 Agritourism As a Factor of Rural

    TOURISM IN FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA Tourism as a Generator of Employment (TISC 2019) – Thematic proceedings II AGRITOURISM AS A FACTOR OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT Boris Frumkin 1; Abstract The paper is devoted to the development of agritourism as a special type of tourism activity and its role in the development of rural areas. The definition of agritourism is specified, its main models applied in the world practice are characterized. The basic components of resource potential, the main driving forces and key possible segments, as well as main advantages and barriers of rural Russia are considered. The assessment of the current state of the Russian agritourism, the main concepts and programs for its long-term growth and its potential contribution to the total revenues from tourism and farmers' incomes are given. Key Words: Russia, tourism, agritourism, model, type, concept, programs, effect JEL classification: Q 13, Q18, Q19, Z30, Z32 Introduction In recent years, developed and especially developing economies have seen a steady increase in the role of agritourism in the development of the national tourism industry and rural areas. The purpose of this report is to identify and determine the prospects of global trends in the development of rural tourism in Russia, as well as to assess its potential contribution to the total income from tourism and rural entrepreneurship. This involves the solution of 4 main tasks: clarification of the concept of "agritourism", taking into account the differences in its current national models; assessment on this basis of the availability of the necessary conditions for the development of agritourism in Russia; identification of the most promising segments of the development of agritourism and their 1 Boris Frumkin, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Agri-Food Complex Research Sector at Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Group at Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences.
  • Russia's Peacetime Demographic Crisis

    Russia's Peacetime Demographic Crisis

    the national bureau of asian research nbr project report | may 2010 russia’s peacetime demographic crisis: Dimensions, Causes, Implications By Nicholas Eberstadt ++ The NBR Project Report provides access to current research on special topics conducted by the world’s leading experts in Asian affairs. The views expressed in these reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of other NBR research associates or institutions that support NBR. The National Bureau of Asian Research is a nonprofit, nonpartisan research institution dedicated to informing and strengthening policy. NBR conducts advanced independent research on strategic, political, economic, globalization, health, and energy issues affecting U.S. relations with Asia. Drawing upon an extensive network of the world’s leading specialists and leveraging the latest technology, NBR bridges the academic, business, and policy arenas. The institution disseminates its research through briefings, publications, conferences, Congressional testimony, and email forums, and by collaborating with leading institutions worldwide. NBR also provides exceptional internship opportunities to graduate and undergraduate students for the purpose of attracting and training the next generation of Asia specialists. NBR was started in 1989 with a major grant from the Henry M. Jackson Foundation. Funding for NBR’s research and publications comes from foundations, corporations, individuals, the U.S. government, and from NBR itself. NBR does not conduct proprietary or classified research. The organization undertakes contract work for government and private-sector organizations only when NBR can maintain the right to publish findings from such work. To download issues of the NBR publications, please visit the NBR website http://www.nbr.org.
  • The Russian Tourist Industry: Structure, Trends, Competitiveness at the World Market

    The Russian Tourist Industry: Structure, Trends, Competitiveness at the World Market

    Review of European Studies; Vol. 7, No. 9; 2015 ISSN 1918-7173 E-ISSN 1918-7181 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Russian Tourist Industry: Structure, Trends, Competitiveness at the World Market Anton O. Ovcharov1, Marina V. Vasiljeva2 & Sergey S. Shirin3 1 Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russian Federation 2 Publishing House “Scientific review” Moscow, Russian Federation 3 St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Correspondence: Anton O. Ovcharov, Prospekt Gagarina, 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950, Russia. Tel: 7-831-430-3843. E-mail: [email protected] Received: March 11, 2015 Accepted: March 30, 2015 Online Published: May 22, 2015 doi:10.5539/res.v7n9p151 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v7n9p151 Abstract The paper deals with the problems of Russian tourism with the use of statistic analysis methods. The structure of tourist economic sector is represented based on the international recommendations. The usage of adjusting factors having regard to the share of tourism within the activity of enterprises of various branches is suggested. Tourism development trends in Russia and in the world in general are revealed. Regional inequality of international incomes and expenses is demonstrated. The reasons of the Russian tourism low competitiveness on the world market are defined. Keywords: statistics, tourist industry, types of economic activity, competitiveness, tourism expenditures, Russian tourism 1. Introduction Among the benefits of strategic management are, for example, a clearer sense of strategic vision, sharper focus on what is strategically important and an improved understanding of a rapidly changing environment. A strategy consists of purposes, policies, programmes, actions, decisions, and/or resource allocations that define what an organisation is, what it does, and why it does it.
  • Musically Russian: Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century Joshua J

    Musically Russian: Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century Joshua J

    Cedarville University DigitalCommons@Cedarville The Research and Scholarship Symposium The 2016 yS mposium Apr 20th, 3:40 PM - 4:00 PM Musically Russian: Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century Joshua J. Taylor Cedarville University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/ research_scholarship_symposium Part of the Musicology Commons Taylor, Joshua J., "Musically Russian: Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century" (2016). The Research and Scholarship Symposium. 4. http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/research_scholarship_symposium/2016/podium_presentations/4 This Podium Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Cedarville, a service of the Centennial Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Research and Scholarship Symposium by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Cedarville. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Musically Russian: Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century What does it mean to be Russian? In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Russian nobility was engrossed with French culture. According to Dr. Marina Soraka and Dr. Charles Ruud, “Russian nobility [had a] weakness for the fruits of French civilization.”1 When Peter the Great came into power in 1682-1725, he forced Western ideals and culture into the very way of life of the aristocracy. “He wanted to Westernize and modernize all of the Russian government, society, life, and culture… .Countries of the West served as the emperor’s model; but the Russian ruler also tried to adapt a variety of Western institutions to Russian needs and possibilities.”2 However, when Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Russia in 1812, he threw the pro- French aristocracy in Russia into an identity crisis.