Marvelous, Miraculous Machine!

TEACHERS GUIDE 2017-18 TEACHER EDITION

• This PowerPoint is to help guide you and your students through the curriculum. The CAC has created this presentation to make it easier for teachers to share pages on the active boards. • There are teacher notes at the bottom of each page. • Hard copy workbooks will be distributed to the students. • More information, including student rubric, teacher evaluations, STEAM debrief and parent letter can be found at https://circusarts.org/blog/portfolio-item/marvelous-miraculous- circus-machine/ look for the tab teacher resources • Password : causeandeffect • Students can find a link to videos, as well as pre- and post- assessments at the same address by clicking student resources. • Password : force

IMPORTANT INFORMATION!

• The Circus Arts Conservatory • Karen Bell, Education and Outreach Manager • Robin Eurich, Education Associate • Email: [email protected] • Phone: 941-355-9335 x302 • Website: CircusArts.org/Community-outreach

• Teachers will need to plan a day for a 40 minute assembly for all of the fifth grade. • Teachers are responsible to book buses. The location of the Circus Big Top is behind the UTC mall at Benderson Park (140 University Town Center Drive, Sarasota 34243). • The final event at the Big Top will be held January 18 & 19 at 10:30. Please let Karen know what day you would like to attend. STANDARDS 5TH GRADE SCIENCE BENCHMARKS

1. SC.5.P.13.1 • Also assesses: • SC.3.E.5.4 , SC.4.P.8.4

2. SC.5.P.13.2 • Also assesses: • SC.4.P.12.1, SC.4.P.12.2, SC.5.P.13.3 , SC.5.P.13.4

3. SC.5.P.13.3

4. SC.5.N.1.1 • Also assesses: • SC.3.N.1.1 • Florida Standards Connections: LAFS.3.SL.1.1, MAFS.K12.MP.1, MAFS.K12.MP.3, SC.4.N.1.1 STANDARDS

• Florida Standards Connections: LAFS.4.RI.1.3 , SC.4.N.1.6 • Florida Standards Connections: MAFS.K12.MP.5, MAFS.K12.MP.6, SC.5.N.1.2, SC.5.N.1.4 • Florida Standards Connections: LAFS.5.RI.1.3 , LAFS.5.W.3.8, MAFS.5.MD.2.2., MAFS.5.G.1, MAFS.K12.MP.1, MAFS.K12.MP.2, MAFS.K12.MP.6 5. SC.5.N.1.3 • Florida Standards Connections: MAFS.K12.MP.5, MAFS.K12.MP.6 6. SC.5.N.1.6

CLASSROOM MATERIALS • Click here to access: • Teacher Lesson plan • Rubric • Teacher evaluation sheet of student machines • STEAM debrief • Letter to parents

• For the creation of the classroom machine, each team of students will be provided with: • Handbook • Container with dominoes, toy car, five marbles, ping pong ball, golf ball and paper ramps.

• Each teacher is asked to provide the following: • For the Machine (Pg. 12): Classroom materials such as: cup, Scotch tape, string, playing cards, books, DVD or video cases, paper clips, erasers, rulers, funnel, wood blocks, LEGOS and anything else you wish to share with your students.

• For the Design (pg. 19): Chart paper or student journal for each team to draw out their design.

VIDEOS

In this collection of videos you can access: • Videos shown at the assembly • Videos that accompany days 1-3 lessons • Videos of complex machines • Short videos by Robin and Karen on Physical Science concepts

• VIDEOS

PRE-ASSESSMENT

• The Circus Arts Conservatory is constantly looking for funding sources to make this program available to schools at a free or at a nominal cost. To help us in this endeavor, we ask that students take this online assessment before the school assembly.

• Pre-assessment The Marvelous, Miraculous Circus Machine!

Classroom guide MEET THE

Karen Bell & Robin Eurich

After graduation, Karen performed with Ringling Brother’s Circus while Robin performed on TV with WGN-TV’s The Bozo Super Sunday Show. Now they work for The Circus Arts Conservatory teaching circus skills, clowning and science in elementary and middle schools. They also coach for Sailor Circus Academy, a nationally-acclaimed circus youth training program. ASSEMBLY REVIEW

• What is a cause and effect? • What is a force? • What does gravity do? • What is mass? • What is acceleration? • What happens when the clowns added more mass or more acceleration to the ball? • Our class is going to work in teams to create a ______that will ______. IS THERE SCIENCE IN THE CIRCUS? YOU BET! The same forces that you have been studying in Science need to be understood by our circus performers:

How does mass help the strongman entertain us?

How can a juggler keep doing his act without gravity?

What would it be like to see a perform without an unbalanced force catapulting him into the air? MACHINE VOCABULARY Force: A ______or a ______.

Friction: A force that slows down ______.

Gravity: A force that ______an object to earth.

Mass: The amount of ______in an object.

Acceleration: A change in an object’s ______or ______.

Motion: A change in ______.

Potential Energy: ______energy.

Kinetic Energy: The energy of ______.

Cause: An action that brings about a specific effect or result; the reason for an______.

Effect: Something that is brought about or made to happen; a ______.

Balanced Force: The state where all ______forces acting on an object are ______.

Unbalanced Force: The state where all opposing forces acting on an object are ______equal.

Speed Pulls Matter Push Motion Motion Pull Stored Position Direction Equal Effect Not Opposing Result click here CAUSE AND EFFECT

ACTIVITY #1

1. Gather 10 dominoes. 2. Place the dominoes in a straight line. 3. Use a force (push or pull) to knock over an end domino. 4. In the box below, draw what happened to the dominoes. 5. Draw an arrow to show the path of force, or direction, the force is moving.

CAUSE EFFECT

The cause is when an The effect will be: unbalanced force, like the push of a finger, is applied to the domino. click here BALANCED FORCES A CTIVITY #2

• Experiment with other patterns using 10 dominoes. • For instance, you could try a spiral of dominoes, a circle, or a split pattern such as a “Y”.

1. A domino will not move when the forces pushing all sides of the domino are ______.

2. The forces become unbalanced when there is more ______on one side of the domino than another side of the domino.

3. We know that the dominoes will fall over if we push them with our finger. Is there a way we can push them over without touching them in any way? (I was able to knock the dominoes over without touching the domino by______).

WORD BANK

Equal Force

Kinetic and Potential Energy

1. Dominoes have the potential to fall as soon as there is a push or a pull. You can tell there is potential energy because the dominoes are ______in motion.

2. There is kinetic energy once your finger pushes a domino and the domino falls. You can tell the energy is kinetic when the domino is in ______.

3. If you are holding a domino in your hand, the energy in the domino is ______?

WORD BANK

Potential Not Motion click here FORCE, MASS AND ACCELERATION 1. Place one paper ramp at the end of a block of nine dominoes. 2. Place one domino under ramp to create an incline. 3. Place the small marble on end of ramp. Let it go! 4. How many dominoes in the block are knocked over?______

5. Place another domino under the ramp so you now have two dominoes under the ramp. 6. Place the small marble on end of ramp. Let it go! 7. How many dominoes in the block are knocked over? ______

8. Place another domino under the ramp so you now have three dominoes under the ramp. 9. Place the small marble on end of ramp. Let it go! 10. How many dominoes in the block are knocked over? ______11. If the dominoes did not fall over, add another domino under the ramp. GRAPH YOUR FINDINGS

8 7 6 5 4 3 2

1 Number dominoknockedover blocks of

1 2 3 4

Number of dominoes under ramp By changing the angle of the ramp, we increased the acceleration of the ball because of the pull of gravity to the Earth. What changed when the angle of the ramp changed? 1. mass 2. mass and acceleration 3. force and acceleration BECOME AN ENGINEER

Circus people, like engineers, follow the same steps to solve a problem.

1. ASK  What is the problem?

2. PLAN  Read the engineering guidelines.  Gather materials.

3. IMAGINE  Brainstorm ideas with your friends.

4. CREATE  Build your machine.

5. IMPROVE  Test your machine and, if necessary, redesign your machine.

In the circus, everybody must work together, just like an engineering team.

ASK

What exactly does the machine have to accomplish? • Your team’s machine must deliver the Human Cannonball into the net! PLAN Engineering Guidelines What does the team of engineers need to keep in mind when constructing the contraption?

1. The machine must ACCOMPLISH THE TASK of delivering the Human Cannonball to the net!

2. It must have at least four CAUSES and four EFFECTS within it.

3. It must be stable enough to STAND ALONE.

4. On presentation day, the contraption must be able to be assembled in 10 MINUTES or less.

5. There must be a DIAGRAM to be shown when the machine is presented. a) On your diagram you must indicate or show the START and FINISH of your contraption by labeling them. b) TRACE the route of movement in your machine from beginning to end. Using your pencil or marker, SHOW the direction with arrows.

6. The completed machine will be PRESENTED to the class on a day decided by your teacher.

7. Extra points will be given to the team that adds a circus theme! IMAGINE!

Four students will work together. Better ideas can be discovered as a result of working as a team. This process is called “BRAINSTORMING”.

This can be accomplished by: • Talking about your ideas • Drawing your ideas • Working and playing with the materials Is there enough Some things to think about and discuss are: acceleration in the object to transfer the Just like in the force to the circus, how can next object?

we make it fun How can we and interesting Is there put all these What for the people enough mass things together materials watching it? in an object to to create our can we move the next machine? use? object?

There is no end to the things we can think of as a group! CREATE

LET’S BUILD A MACHINE!

BE PATIENT WITH YOURSELF AND YOUR TEAM MEMBERS AS YOU CONSTRUCT THE MACHINE!

click here We have: DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 PLAN 1 ping pong Let’s look at the materials we can ball use for our machine!

Part of the engineer’s job is to keep 1 golf ball track of supplies. At the end of each day, make sure all the items are 4 small back where they belong. marbles

Your teacher may let you use items 1 large from the classroom. marble

OTHER ITEMS YOU MIGHT USE: 1 toy car wood blocks , craft sticks , tape , string, paper clips, erasers , 3 ramps paper tubes, books , dvd’s , rubber bands 50 dominoes

DESIGN IDEAS

• Feel free to use these ideas, but we know you can come up with better ones!

Teeterboard Human Cannonball

Wheel of Death MORE DESIGN IDEAS!

Falling Clowns Rola Bola

The Midway Falling Domino of Destiny

Tunnel of Doom! Slide for Life KEEP WORKING ON YOUR AMAZING MACHINES!

• Remember to keep it simple!

• Change the force if the machine is not working. • You can change the force by: • Changing the MASS of an object • Is the car or ball heavy enough or too heavy to do the job? • Changing the ACCELERATION of an object • Does the angle of the ramp need to be changed? (remember to use gravity!) • Think about the STABILITY of the materials. • Is your ramp too flimsy? • Is the pile of dominoes too tall?

KEEP WORKING ON YOUR AMAZING MACHINES!

• Today you should: • Be putting on the finishing touches • Making sure that the machine is stable • Making sure that the machine can be put up in 10 minutes • Finish your diagram • Add start and finish and direction of force with arrows • Make sure the Human Cannonball makes it to the net! • Decorate your machine if there is time. • Test your machine for reliability • If the machine is constantly not working, figure out where the problem is and make it simpler • Have one team member responsible for one part of the machine, that way they will be able to set that part up more reliably.

IMPROVE It is time to TEST YOUR MACHINE! Now that your team has decided what will be your four causes and four effects let’s see how your machine works.

 I predict it will take our machine ______times before it is successful.

As a scientist, you need to run at least three trials of your experiments. The same is true as an engineer. Once your team can get the machine to run through once, it is time for trials!

Check in the boxes whether each trial was successful or unsuccessful. Trial 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Successful Unsuccessful

1. My machine worked in ______trials. 2. Was your prediction correct on how many trials your team would need to run the machine successfully? YES/ NO 3. Did you have to redesign or change any parts of the machine during the trial to be successful? YES/ NO DRAW A DIAGRAM OF YOUR MACHINE

Now that you have your machine built, draw it! This way you can remember how to reconstruct it for the presentation to your class. This illustration is an example of how to draw your design.

DIAGRAM INSTRUCTIONS 1. Label the start and finish of the machine. 2. Draw arrows showing the direction of force. PREPARE TO PRESENT YOUR MACHINE

 Our circus machine can be assembled in 10 minutes or less.

 Our machine is stable enough to STAND ALONE.

 Our machine will deliver the Human Cannonball into the net!

 The machine has at least four CAUSES: ______

 The machine has at least four EFFECTS: ______

 The diagram is labeled with a start and a finish.

 The diagram shows the path, or direction, of force with arrows.

 We know there is Extra Credit for adding a circus theme.

All team members initial that we are ready. ______PREPARE TO PRESENT YOUR MACHINE

Your work as a team is not yet done. Each person on the team has to know exactly what part they have in presenting the machine.

REMEMBER: The machine must be set up completely in 10 minutes or less. Teamwork helps!

1. Who will speak about how the machine will work and its PATH OF FORCE? Name: ______

2. Who will speak about where the FOUR CAUSES take place in the machine? Name: ______

3. Who will speak about where the FOUR EFFECTS take place in the machine? Name: ______

4. Who will SET THE MACHINE INTO MOTION? Name: ______TEAM PRESENTATIONS!

Today is the day!

Start setting up your circus machine as soon as your teacher says you can Your team will have 10 minutes to set up Each team will have 5 minutes to present Review your part of the presentation (look at page 21 if you have forgotten) Each team will have a chance to present to the rest of the class

GOOD LUCK! INVITATION

You and your classmates are invited to come to the Big Top to behold a giant and unprecedented contraption come to life! On this school field trip you will witness

THE MARVELOUS, MIRACULOUS CIRCUS MACHINE!, a scientific extravaganza of unparalleled scope and beauty!

Now that you know there IS science in the circus, see how many places you can find it there! See you at the circus! SCIENCE AND THE CIRCUS IN REVIEW Your team’s machine: 1. Give an example of your team’s success.

2. What was the hardest thing to get right in your machine?

3. Where did you find potential energy in your machine?

Now that you have seen the Circus Machine: 1. What was your favorite unbalanced force in the Circus Machine?

2. Where did you find a balanced force that looked like it was just about ready to become unbalanced?

3. After seeing the Marvelous, Miraculous Circus Machine, what would you add to your machine?

POST ASSESSMENT

• Now that your students have completed the curriculum, please have them take the post assessment. We are happy to share the data with you! • Post-Assessment

• Teachers, please help us make this program better! We have a very short survey that we really do read! • Click here for survey