RFF Candidate Tracker: Where the 2020 Presidential Candidates Stand on Climate and Energy Issues Last Updated: September 19, 2019

Fossil Fuel Leasing on Obama-Era CAFE Targets and Timelines: Targets and Timelines: Candidate Carbon Pricing Carbon Pricing Revenue Clean Power Plan Fracking Regulation Paris Climate Agreement Public Lands Standards Clean Energy Emissions

Unclear Unclear Supports (Specifics Unclear) Unclear Limit/Regulate (Specifics Supports Supports (Expand/Invest) Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target Unclear) Washington Post: "'There are a There is insufficient information Politico: "Bennet said on Monday There is insufficient information New York Times: "He has also Washington Post: "Bennet Senator Bennet signed several New York Times: "Mr. Bennet . . . Senator Bennet's climate plan Senator Bennet's climate plan variety of tools we can use to to determine the candidate's that his EPA regulations could to determine the candidate's Washington Post: "I believe supported regulating methane supports 'advanced nuclear,' he letters in 2018 and 2019, which [is] calling for recommitting to would "achieve 100 percent would "achieve 100 percent reduce stance on this issue. look similar to the Obama stance on this issue. has a role to play in emissions and creating a told The Post. He co-sponsored opposed the Trump the ." clean, net-zero emissions as clean, net-zero emissions as emissions. I think we should administration’s Clean Power that transition. But, that role standardized metric for the the Nuclear Energy Leadership Administration's rule change to soon as possible, and no later soon as possible, and no later Source include the country in making Plan." must be regulated in a federal government to measure Act." loosen CAFE standards. than 2050." than 2050." that decision, rather than making responsible way that protects the cost of greenhouse gas Source Source Source Source Source Michael Bennet it from Washington,' Bennet told the health of our communities.” emissions." Senator (D-CO) The Post." Source Source Climate policy Source

Supports (Mechanism Unclear) Unclear Unclear Opposes Partial Ban Supports Supports (Expand/Invest) Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target A campaign spokesperson is There is insufficient information There is insufficient information Vice President Biden's climate Washington Post: "Biden Campaign Website: "[Biden will Vice President Biden's climate Campaign Website: "[He will] set Campaign Website: "He will not Campaign Website: "As Campaign Website: "As cited affirming Vice President to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's plan commits to “banning new oil opposes new drilling on public require] aggressive methane plan includes "identify[ing] the bold corporate average fuel only recommit the United States president, Biden will . . . [ensure] president, Biden will . . . [ensure] Biden's support for a carbon stance on this issue. stance on this issue. and gas permitting on public lands, but would not call for a pollution limits for new and future of nuclear energy." He economy (CAFE) standards to the Paris Agreement on the U.S. achieves a 100% clean the U.S. achieves a 100% clean pricing mechanism during a lands and waters.” It also nationwide ban on fracking, he existing oil and gas operations... "will support a research agenda . requiring a 54.5 miles-per-gallon . . . He will lead energy economy and net-zero energy economy and net-zero Washington Post interview. commits to “establishing said at a CNN town hall." and focus on reducing two short- . . to look at issues . . . that standard for cars and light-duty an effort to get every major emissions no later than 2050." emissions no later than 2050." targeted programs to enhance lived but highly potent remain an ongoing challenge trucks by model year 2025..." country to ramp up . . . their Source Source Source Source Joe Biden and develop pollutants, black carbon and with nuclear power today." domestic climate targets." Source Former Vice President renewables on federal lands and methane." Source Source waters with the goal of doubling Climate policy Source offshore wind by 2030.” Source

Supports () Dividend Supports (Restore) Opposes Ban Supports Supports (Expand/Invest) Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target Campaign Website: "Accelerate Campaign Website: "A 'matching' Booker: “As president, I will Campaign Website: "[Senator Senator Booker affirmed his Senator Booker's climate plan Booker: "I support the Campaign Website: "[Senator Booker: “I will immediately move Senator Booker's climate plan Senator Booker's plan calls for a the end of fossil fuels by . . . program to allow Americans to restore [the Clean Power Plan, Booker would] put a moratorium support on banning all fracking includes "implementing a development of next-generation Booker] will instruct the EPA to to rejoin the Paris Agreement includes a "carbon fee [that] transition to a 100% carbon- instituting a carbon fee and use their monthly carbon methane limits, and vehicle on drilling on our public lands." in a Washington Post interview. requirement for advanced nuclear reactors . . . I ramp up CAFE standards and and to increase our emission would rapidly increase and be neutral economy by no later than progressive climate dividend." dividend . . . to finance the emission standards] as part of a His climate plan calls for companies to stop methane believe that our best chance to require that all new passenger reduction targets to align with complemented by a 100% clean 2045. Source purchase of clean energy comprehensive approach to "phasing out fracking." leaks from both new and existing keep global warming below 1.5 vehicles after 2030 are zero the scientific consensus for the energy standard for electricity Source Source technology, energy efficiency address climate change.” sources." degrees is by investing in a wide emission . . ." necessary speed and scale at generation by 2030." Source Cory Booker upgrades, or an electric vehicle, range of zero emission, clean which we must decarbonize [to] Source Source Source Source Senator (D-NJ) with the federal government energy alternatives.” keep global warming below 1.5 matching part of those funds." degrees.” Climate policy Source Source Source

Supports (Mechanism Unclear) Unclear Unclear Supports Expand Regulations Unclear No New Plants Supports (Expand) Supports No Clear Target Has a Target Governor Bullock affirmed his There is insufficient information There is insufficient information Bullock: "No [I would not end Bullock: "We must make certain Bullock: "I believe fracking Bullock: “No, I do not support Governor Bullock's climate plan Bullock: "I would rejoin the Paris Governor Bullock has stated Campaign Website: "The support for setting a price on to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's leasing for fossil fuel extraction that communities and our decisions should be handled by building new nuclear power includes "revers[ing] Trump’s Climate Agreement... While many support for "aggressively Intergovernmental Panel on carbon during a Washington Post stance on this issue. stance on this issue. on federal lands]. I believe other drinking water are not harmed each state, with guidance from plants at this time... there are a weakening of automobile fuel signatories to the Paris [expanding] clean energy like Climate Change set a goal of interview, though he gave no policy measures can be used to by hydraulic fracking—and those federal regulations to include . . . number of proven technologies efficiency standards. Then Agreement have plans for solar and wind power as well as by 2050, but specifics. appropriately transition our same communities must have a practices for reducing methane available to deliver cost- strengthen[ing] those standards, climate change actions by 2050, significantly expanding energy Steve believes we should aim to current framework of federal voice in the process... I believe emissions" effective, zero-emissions energy so the auto industry starts I believe we can achieve many of conservation efforts," but has beat that by a decade or earlier." Source Steve Bullock leasing and to better reflect the fracking decisions should be solutions that can be used... investing more in fuel-efficient the goals by 2040 or earlier." not articulated specific targets Source Source Governor (D-MT) social cost of greenhouse gases handled by each state, with without expanding the nuclear cars that save us money on gas and timetables for clean energy Source Climate policy from extraction..." guidance from federal fleet.” and reduce pollution." deployment. regulations ...” Source Source Source Source Source

Supports (Carbon Tax) Dividend Supports (Restore) Opposes Phase Out Supports Unclear Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target Campaign Website: "[I support Campaign Website: "We will When asked by the New York Washington Post: "Buttigieg Buttigieg: “I favor a ban on new Campaign Website: "We will Buttigieg: “Building new nuclear When asked if he would restore Campaign Website: "[Mayor Campaign Website: "By 2025, Campaign Website: "We are implementing] a Green New Deal enact a price on carbon and use Times if he would restore supports ending new leases for fracking and a rapid end to enact rules that sharply curb plants in the US is not a Obama-era climate change Buttigieg supports committing] double the clean electricity setting a realistic plan to with all available tools including the revenue to send rebates to Obama-era climate change fossil fuel extraction on federal existing fracking so that we can methane emissions, including sustainable long-term answer to regulations (such as vehicle to the Paris Climate Agreement generated in the US . . . By 2035, become a net-zero emissions a carbon tax-and-dividend for Americans. With money returned regulations (such as the Clean lands, he told The Post." build a 100 percent clean energy venting and flaring of natural gas fighting climate change, but emissions standards), Mayor and collaborate with other build a clean electricity system society no later than 2050" Americans, and major direct directly to their pockets, lower- Power Plan), Mayor Buttigieg society as soon as possible." and fugitive emissions from all nuclear will remain a significant Buttigieg said "yes." countries to increase all our with zero emissions and require Source Source investment to build a 100% clean and middle-class households in said "yes." new, modified, and existing oil source of carbon free power in goals..." zero emissions for all new Source Source energy society . . ." particular will experience and gas facilities and pipelines the short to medium term...” passenger vehicles." Source Source Mayor of South Bend Indiana economic gains." ..." Source Source Source (D-IN) Source Source Climate policy

Supports (Carbon Tax) Spending Supports Opposes Phase Out Supports Unclear Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target Campaign Website: “I support a Campaign Website: "I support . . . Campaign Website: "We will Campaign Website: "We will Castro: "I support local Campaign Website: "We will Castro: “We should work towards Castro: "We could actually then Castro: “If elected, my first Mr. Castro proposes to "mobilize Mr. Castro's climate plan new 'carbon pollution fee' on up- investing that [carbon fee] implement a renewed Clean immediately stop the exploration communities and states that implement a renewed Clean reducing our reliance on nuclear get back in the CAFE standards." action as president will be to our entire nation around a proposes that the United States stream, large-scale polluters for revenue in , Power Plan." and extraction of fossil fuels on want to ban fracking. I have not Power Plan to reduce power with investments in recommit the United States into mission for all electrical power to should achieve net-zero Source " environmental justice, and public lands" called for an immediate ban on greenhouse gas emissions renewable energy.” the Paris Agreement.” be carbon-neutral by 2030 and emissions by 2045 and at least a Source climate resiliance." fracking. What I am doing is emissions, regulate methane gas be entirely clean, renewable, and 50 percent reduction by 2030. Source Source Source Source moving away from fracking . . ." through executive action . . ." zero-emission by 2035." Julián Castro Source Source Source Source Source Former Secretary of Housing & Urban Development (D-TX) Climate policy Fossil Fuel Leasing on Obama-Era CAFE Targets and Timelines: Targets and Timelines: Candidate Carbon Pricing Carbon Pricing Revenue Clean Power Plan Fracking Methane Regulation Nuclear Power Paris Climate Agreement Public Lands Standards Clean Energy Emissions

Supports (Mechanism Unclear) Unclear Supports (Restore) Opposes Ban Supports No New Plants Supports Supports No Clear Target No Clear Target Mayor De Blasio told The There is insufficient information De Blasio: "The @EPA is Mayor De Blasio told the Mayor De Blasio told the De Blasio: "We need to regulate De Blasio: “No new plants at this De Blasio: “We must reverse the De Blasio: “The US should While Mayor de Blasio has While Mayor de Blasio has Washington Post that he to determine the candidate's endangering lives with its Washington Post that he Washington Post that he methane emissions if we're going time...” disastrous Trump rollbacks to increase its ambition... from our released specific plans for New released specific plans for New supports setting a price on stance on this issue. reckless attempt to repeal the supports stopping new fossil fuel supports a ban on all fracking. to turn the tide on the climate the Clean Power Plan and CAFE Nationally Determined York City, he has not set clean York City, he has not set Source carbon. Clean Power Plan. In this city extraction leases on federal crisis—and changing this rule standards, while identifying new Contribution to the Paris energy targets at the federal greenhouse gas targets at the Source we're listening to the people— lands. will prove disastrous." ways to decarbonize buildings Agreement, setting a benchmark level. federal level. Source not Big Oil. And the people have and transportation as we are of 40 percent reduction by 2030 Source Source Bill de Blasio said loud and clear that we must doing in NYC.” and getting to net zero carbon Mayor of New York (D-NY) fight climate change now." emissions by 2050...” Source Source Source

Supports (Carbon Tax) Dividend Supports (Restore) Opposes Expand Regulations Supports Supports (Expand/Invest) Likely Supports Supports No Clear Target Has a Target Delaney: "[I support a] bipartisan According to Representative Delaney: “I support vehicle Washington Post: "Delaney Delaney: “Not ban, but we need Delaney: "I support vehicle Delaney: “Nuclear energy should Delaney: “I support vehicle Delaney: “I would re-enter the Representative Delaney's formal Representative Delaney says his carbon fee that puts a price on Delaney's campaign website, the emissions standards and supports stopping new fossil fuel strong regulations to make sure emissions standards and be part of our portfolio, and I emissions standards and Paris Agreement and make the climate policy statements do not climate plan "will reduce carbon carbon - it's modeled to cut revenue would be returned to methane limits and other extraction leases on federal it is done safely...” methane limits and other believe we need to support new methane limits and other US a global leader in climate reference specific clean energy emissions by 90% by 2050." carbon emissions by 90% by the American people, and measures as a backstop. Overall, lands..." measures as a backstop." development of advanced measures as a backstop.” policy and new energy targets or timetables. Source Source 2050. The Carbon Fee and "taxpayers would also be given the most important thing we nuclear technology, but not at technology... we can reduce Source Source Source Source Dividend proposal starts the fee options with what to do with the need to do is implement a the expense of developing emissions by 40 percent by John Delaney at $15 per metric ton of CO2 dividend, including investing in a carbon tax...This would harness renewables.” 2030 and can be at net-zero House of Representatives (D- equivalent and increases the tax-advantaged savings account the power of the free market...” carbon by 2050.” Source cost by $10 each year. like a 529 for future education MD) Source Source purposes or a retirement Climate policy Source account." Source

Opposes Not Applicable Supports Opposes Ban Supports Opposes (Specifics Unclear) Likely Supports Supports Has a Target No Clear Target Gabbard: "Ultimately I don't think Representative Gabbard Gabbard: “I would restore Gabbard: I would end the leasing Representative Gabbard told the Gabbard: "[I support] methane Gabbard: “No. No. No. Concerns Gabbard: "[I support] methane Gabbard: “President Trump’s Gabbard: “My OFF Fossil Fuels While Representative Gabbard that the carbon tax is the right opposes carbon pricing. Obama-era climate change of federal land and waters for Washington Post that she limits and vehicle emissions over nuclear waste, and limits and vehicle emissions decision to withdraw from the Act . . . lays out a clear plan to has proposed agressive way to get us there." regulations that the Trump fossil fuel extraction...” favored a total ban on fracking. standards" investments should go into standards." Paris Agreement, making us just transition away from fossil-fuel renewable energy goals, she has administration has reversed.” renewable energy infrastructure one of three countries in the sources of energy to 100 percent not proposed specific targets or Source Source Source Source Source and creating new jobs in a truly world not to participate, is short- renewable energy economy by timelines related to reduced Source green energy economy.” sighted and irresponsible.” 2035, and 80 percent by 2027.” greenhouse gas emissions. Tulsi Gabbard Source Source Source House of Representratives (D- HI) Climate policy

Supports (Carbon Tax) Spending Supports Opposes Ban Supports Unclear Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target Campaign Website: "A climate Campaign Website: "Kamala will New York Times: "Ms. Harris’s Washington Post: "Harris co- Harris: "There’s no question: I’m Campaign Website: "Kamala will Harris: "We have to figure out Senator Harris co-signed a letter Campaign Website: "[Re- Senator Harris's campaign Senator Harris's campaign pollution fee can play an involve frontline communities in campaign said she wanted to sponsored bills to designate in favor of banning fracking.” use existing authorities and work what we're going to do about the in 2018 to support the establishing American website states that "By 2030, we website notes that "Kamala will important role as one of several the fee development process, 'restore the Clean Power Plan certain areas as protected with Congress to . . . implement waste . . . but my bottom line is reinstatement of CAFE leadership] starts with will run on 100 percent carbon- put in place the policies to Source interrelated policies to reduce and would ensure that the fee and fully implement the Clean wilderness and supports ending emissions mitigation strategies that I'm not going to allow the standards. immediately re-entering the neutral electricity [and] all new achieve a 50 percent emissions emissions . . . by placing a revenues are invested back into Car Standards.''' fossil fuel extraction on federal such as capping methane flaring" federal government to go in and Paris Agreement and making buses, heavy-duty vehicles, and reduction by 2030" and that Source progressively increasing fee as those communities to improve lands..." impose its priorities on any state, climate cooperation a key vehicle fleets will be zero- "Kamala will set an ambitious Source Source Kamala Harris far upstream as possible, we can environmental conditions and it's gonna have to be those diplomatic priority for the United emission." updated target and set forth a Source Senator (D-CA) drive down pollution while local economic development." states to make that decision." States." bold mid-century strategy of Source raising government revenues." reaching a carbon-neutral Climate policy Source Source Source economy by 2045." Source Source

Supports (Either) Spending Supports (Restore) Supports Expand Regulations Supports No New Plants Supports (Expand) Supports Has a Target Has a Target Klobuchar: ". . . first of all, putting At the CNN Town Klobuchar: “On day one, we will A spokesperson told the Senator Klobuchar affirmed her According to her climate plan, Klobuchar: "When it comes to Campaign Website: "Senator Klobuchar: "On my first day as Klobuchar: “It is time to pass an Klobuchar's climate plan calls for a price on carbon, which is really Hall, Senator Klobuchar get back into the International Washington Post that Senator support for regulating fracking in Senator Klobuchar aims to those technologies, I think Klobuchar will restore and President, I will sign us back into aggressive renewable electricity passing "sweeping legislation really important, and you can do explained that carbon pricing Climate Change Agreement and Klobuchar supports ending new a Washington Post interview. reduce "methane emissions, storage is an issue . . . I would strengthen our fuel economy the International Climate standard, one requiring that all that will put our country on a this with cap-and-trade . . . [or] revenue would be used to restore the Clean Power Plan leases for fossil fuel extraction including by restoring and look at all the plants we have standards, which are key to Agreement." electricity providers would have path to achieving 100% net-zero Source you can do it with simply a support communities affected and work to bring back the gas on federal lands. strengthening the EPA’s right now . . . and make sure fighting climate change." to generate or purchase 25 emissions no later than 2050." Source carbon tax or you can do it with by climate change, to develop mileage standards. Those are methane rules." they’re safe and figure out what percent of their electricity from Source Source Source Amy Klobuchar a combination . . ." infrastructure, to help workers things you can do without upgrades we have to make to renewable sources by the year Source affected by transition, and for passing a law.” those plants, but I wouldn't 2025.” Senator (D-MN) Source scientific research and expand nuclear unless we can Climate policy Source Source development. find safe storage and figure this out." Source Source

Unclear Unclear Supports Opposes Ban Unclear No New Plants Unclear Supports No Clear Target No Clear Target When asked if he would support There is insufficient information Messam: “My administration will Washington Post: "Messam Mayor Messam told the There is insufficient information Messam: “I would not support There is insufficient information Mayor Messam is on record Mayor Messam has not released Mayor Messam has not released a federal carbon tax, Mayor to determine the candidate's make climate change a priority supports ending new leases for Washington Post that he favored to determine the candidate's the construction of new nuclear to determine the candidate's showing support for reentering a formal climate plan with a formal climate plan with Messam told the New York stance on this issue. and not only restore Obama-era fossil fuel extraction on federal a total ban on fracking. stance on this issue. plants and would rally the stance on this issue. the agreement. specific federal clean energy specific federal greenhouse gas Times that "all options will environmental policies like the lands, he told The Post." American people to invest in targets. emissions targets or timelines. Source Source remain on the table to take Clean Power Plan, but work to truly renewable [energy].” Source action on climate change . . ." take aggressive action that rivals Source Wayne Messam the New Deal in scope." Source Mayor of Miramar Florida (D-FL) Source

rff.org/candidatetracker Fossil Fuel Leasing on Obama-Era CAFE Targets and Timelines: Targets and Timelines: Candidate Carbon Pricing Carbon Pricing Revenue Clean Power Plan Fracking Methane Regulation Nuclear Power Paris Climate Agreement Public Lands Standards Clean Energy Emissions

Supports (Cap and Trade) Spending Supports Opposes Partial Ban Supports Supports (Expand/Invest) Supports Supports No Clear Target Has a Target New York Times: "'We should New York Times: "The revenue When asked by the New York Campaign Website: "As Washington Post: "[O'Rourke] Campaign Website: "As The Hill: "'[O'Rourke] believes Campaign Website: “The current Campaign Website: "As Mr. O'Rourke's climate plan does Mr. O'Rourke's climate plan certainly price carbon. I think the from a cap-and-trade program, Times whether he would restore President, Beto will . . . set a first- would ban new fracking on President, Beto will . . . Reduce that nuclear power has a role to administration’s proposed President, Beto will . . . Re-enter not include specific targets and includes several greenhouse gas best possible path to do that is [Beto O'Rourke] said, would be Obama-era climate change ever, net-zero emissions by 2030 public lands and get to net zero methane leakage from existing play in moving us towards the rollback of vehicle emissions the Paris Agreement and lead timelines for clean energy targets and timelines. He intends through a cap and trade system' reinvested in helping regulations like the Clean Power carbon budget for federal lands, emissions by 2050..." sources in the oil and natural gas goal of achieving net-zero standards is deeply problematic, the negotiations for an even deployment, although he to "set a first-ever, net-zero he said. 'It’s the best way to send communities move toward clean Plan, Mr. O'Rourke responded: stopping new fossil fuel leases . . industry." greenhouse emissions by 2050,' both on the science and the more ambitious global plan for expresses strong support for emissions by 2030 carbon Source a pricing signal.'" energy." “Yes. We would restore certain ." national press secretary Aleigha economics, its impact on the 2030 and beyond" renewables and other nascent budget for federal lands . . ." He Source Beto O'Rourke climate regulations. For example, Cavalier said in a statement to environment and on public technologies designed to reduce also states that "we need a Source Source Source Source Former House Member (D-TX) the current administration's The Hill, adding that [he] health.” emissions. guarantee that we will, in fact, proposed rollback of vehicle 'supports research in advanced achieve net zero emissions by Climate policy Source emissions standards is deeply nuclear technologies.'" 2050 and get halfway there by problematic . . .” 2030." Source Source Source

Unclear Unclear Supports (Restore) Opposes Expand Regulations Unclear Supports (Expand/Invest) Supports Supports No Clear Target No Clear Target Ryan: “I’m open to it. I haven’t There is insufficient information When asked by the New York Representative Ryan told the Washington Post: “We need to There is insufficient information Ryan: “I do think nuclear power Ryan: "This backwards decision Campaign Website: “As Representative Ryan has not Representative Ryan has not made a decision on it.” to determine the candidate's Times whether he would restore Washington Post that he significantly ramp up our to determine the candidate's needs to be part of the future for to rollback fuel economy President, I will rejoin the Paris released a formal climate plan released a formal climate plan stance on this issue. Obama-era climate change supports ending new fossil fuel regulation and oversight of the stance on this issue. us. I do. And there’s these new standards hinders our ability to Climate Agreement.” with specific federal clean with specific federal greenhouse Source regulations like the Clean Power extraction leases on federal industry and its practices.” ways of doing nuclear, which combat global climate change . . energy targets. gas emissions targets or Source Plan, Mr. Ryan responded: “Yes." lands. again will take research and ." timelines. Source development, but nuclear needs Source Source Source Tim Ryan to be there.” House of Representatives (D- Source OH) Climate policy

Unclear Unclear Supports Opposes Ban Supports Phase Out Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target A campaign spokesperson told Senator Sanders has proposed Business Insider: "Sen. Bernie Campaign Website: "Keep fossil Washington Post: "No amount of Campaign Website: "In order to Campaign Website: "[His] plan Senator Sanders cosponsored Senator Sanders's climate plan Senator Sanders's plan calls for Senator Sanders's plan calls for the Washington Post that, " ... if carbon pricing legislation in the Sanders lashed out at President fuels on public lands in the regulation can make it safe. ensure we reach our carbon will stop the building of new the GAS MONEY Saved Act, includes ". . . rejoining the Paris the US to reach 100 percent complete decarbonization by we are to solve the issue of past that indicates that he may Donald Trump on Thursday ground." When [Sanders] is in the White pollution emissions goals, the nuclear power plants and find a "legislation that would block Agreement, and reasserting the renewable energy for electricity 2050. climate change, a price on support a mix of revenue use afternoon, calling the executive House, he is going to ban EPA will, under the Clean Air Act, real solution to our existing efforts . . . to roll back strong fuel United States’ leadership in the and transportation by no later Source Source carbon must be part of a larger options. order Trump signed on Tuesday fracking nationwide and rapidly regulate carbon dioxide, nuclear waste problem. It will economy emissions standards." global fight against climate than 2030. strategy and it must be to repeal the Obama-era Clean move to 100 percent clean, methane, and also enact a moratorium on change." Source Source Source formulated in a way that actually Power Plan 'nonsensical.'" .” hydrofluorocarbons." nuclear power plant license Source Senator (D-VT) transitions our economy away renewals in the . . . [US] to Source Source Source Climate policy from fossil fuels and protects protect surrounding low-income families and communities." communities of color.” Source Source

Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear No Clear Target No Clear Target Mr. Sanford voted for a 2018 There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information House resolution denouncing a to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's carbon tax, and was quoted in stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. The Hill as saying, "It’s a stupid resolution, either way. It said nothing . . . [the complaints Mark Sanford about a carbon tax listed in the Former Governor of South resolution] apply to [other Carolina and Former Member of taxes], which we already have in the U.S. House of place." Representatives (R-SC) Source

Supports (Carbon Tax) Multiple Unclear Opposes Ban Supports Supports (Expand/Invest) Likely Supports Supports No Clear Target No Clear Target Sestak: "I favor a program . . . Sestak: "Implement a fee for There is insufficient information Sestak: "[I support restoring] the Sestak: "Yes. We need to move Sestak: "The @realDonaldTrump Sestak: "We should be investing Sestak: "This is why I’m strongly Sestak: "[I support rejoining] the Mr. Sestak's formal climate Mr. Sestak notes that his that would set a low initial price carbon polluters, with proceeds to determine the candidate's National Monuments and other quickly to renewable energy. administration is set to loosen in the potential of nuclear in favor of . . . increasing fuel Paris Accord and restoring our policy statements do not preferred climate policy (a on carbon emissions of $15 per being returned to all Americans stance on this issue. public lands opened to Fracking is a danger to public rules on emissions of methane, a technology based on thorium, efficiency standards, and ending leadership role among the reference specific clean energy carbon fee and dividend) is ton but which would rise by $10 as a dividend and also devoted extractive industries by the health and the climate...” powerful greenhouse gas which would end the use of subsidies for the fossil fuel community of nations working targets or timetables. "estimated [to] reduce our per year" to research & development in current administration." contributing to climate change. plutonium . . . Nuclear power can industry." together to fight climate carbon emissions by 90% by Source Source renewable energy and other We should be tightening rules on continue to help us reduce our change." 2050." Nonetheless, he does not Source Source Source Joe Sestak climate-stabilizing strategies." the causes of global warming, greenhouse gas emissions..." specify a greenhouse gas Source Former Member of House of not undoing them." emissions reduction target in his Source Source stated climate policy. Representatives (D-PA) Source Climate policy Source

Supports (Mechanism Unclear) Unclear Unclear Opposes Expand Regulations Unclear Unclear Unclear Supports Has a Target Has a Target Steyer: "[My plan will end] There is insufficient information While Mr. Steyer has a number of Steyer: "My plan will . . . keep Steyer: "I'm not sure you can just There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information Campaign Website: "[I am Campaign Website: "My plan will Campaign Website: "It is critical unlimited and unpriced global to determine the candidate's stances to reach "justice-based publicly-owned oil, , and gas say there is no fracking for to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's prepared to] redouble our . . . eliminate fossil fuel pollution to end our dependence on fossil warming pollution . . .” stance on this issue. pollution reduction targets," he in the ground by stopping the starters. You can say there's no stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. commitment to the Paris Climate from all sectors to achieve a fuels and drive all forms of global does not mention the Clean expansion of fossil fuel leases fracking on federal land. You can Agreement, and establish our 100% clean energy economy and warming pollution to net-zero by Source Power Plan in his campaign and establishing a careful say, no new federal leases for global leadership as we build a net-zero global warming 2045." website or climate proposal. process to wind down federal fracking. I would do that." safer, more sustainable world." pollution by no later than 2045." Source onshore and offshore fossil fuel Tom Steyer Source Source Source Source Billionaire (D-CA) production." Climate policy Source

rff.org/candidatetracker Fossil Fuel Leasing on Obama-Era CAFE Targets and Timelines: Targets and Timelines: Candidate Carbon Pricing Carbon Pricing Revenue Clean Power Plan Fracking Methane Regulation Nuclear Power Paris Climate Agreement Public Lands Standards Clean Energy Emissions

Opposes (Carbon Tax) Not Applicable Opposes Supports Decrease Regulations Opposes Supports (Expand/Invest) Opposes Opposes No Clear Target No Clear Target Trump: "I will not support or President Trump opposes President Trump replaced the President Trump supports the President Trump has decreased President Trump's administration President Trump signed into law President Trump directed the President Trump withdrew the President Trump has attempted President Trump has not endorse a carbon tax!" carbon pricing. Clean Power Plan with the leasing of federal lands for fossil regulations on fracking during proposed weakening methane the Nuclear Innovation EPA to abandon prior standards US from the Paris Climate to cut the expansion of articulated specific greenhouse Affordable Clean Energy rule. fuel extraction and has opened his tenure as President. leak regulations in 2018. Capabilities Act in 2018 aimed at regarding vehicle emissions. Agreement in 2017. renewable energy and prefers gas emissions targets for the Source vast stretches of land and water increasing research and more traditional sources of fuel United States, but has rolled Source Source Source Source Source offshore to oil and gas drilling. development of advanced such as oil and natural gas. back a number of previous nuclear reactors in the US. regulatory measures designed to Source Source Donald Trump reduce emissions (including the Source President of the United States Clean Power Plan). Climate policy Source

Opposes Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear No Clear Target Walsh: "@Ocasio2018 stumbles There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information through the answer, mentioning to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's wealthy folks 'paying their fair stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. share' and all of us 'paying a carbon tax.' How about government just leaves us Joe Walsh alone?" Former Member of House of Source Representatives (R-IL)

Supports Unclear Supports (Restore) Opposes Ban Supports No New Plants Supports Supports Has a Target Has a Target At the CNN Climate Crisis Town There is insufficient information Warren: “I have strongly opposed Warren: "As president, I would Senator Warren told the Warren: "I’d also reinstate the Warren: "In my administration, Senator Warren cosponsored the Warren: “I believe we need to Warren: “I am an original Warren: "I’m an original supporter Hall, when asked if she would to determine the candidate's the Trump administration’s issue an executive order on day Washington Post that she methane pollution rule to limit we’re not going to build any new GAS MONEY Saved Act, return to the Paris climate cosponsor of the Green New of the Green New Deal, which support a carbon tax, Warren stance on this issue. efforts to roll back the Clean one banning all new fossil fuel supports a ban on fracking. existing oil and gas projects from nuclear power plants, and we are "legislation that would block accord, and then we need to Deal resolution, which commits challenges us to go above and said yes; however, she has not Power Plan and other Obama-era leases, including for drilling or releasing harmful gases that going to start weaning ourselves efforts . . . to roll back strong fuel build on it. We need to do far the United States to meet 100 beyond — to launch a ten-year Source included one in her climate plan. methane limits and vehicle fracking offshore and on public poison our air . . ." off nuclear energy and replacing economy emissions standards." more to reduce global emissions, percent of our power demand mobilization through 2030 to emission standards... I would lands." it with renewable fuels over — but we can only do that when through clean, renewable and achieve net-zero domestic Source Source Source Elizabeth Warren reverse these rollbacks.” we’re going to get it all done by we’re leading from the front.” zero-emission energy sources.” greenhouse gas emissions as Source Senator (D-MA) 2035 ..." fast as possible." Source Source Source Climate policy Source Source

Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Supports No Clear Target No Clear Target In a 2016 Washington Post There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information There is insufficient information Axios: "[Weld believes] the US There is insufficient information There is insufficient information interview, Former Governor Weld to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's should rejoin the Paris to determine the candidate's to determine the candidate's implies that he opposes a carbon stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue. stance on this issue; however, stance on this issue. agreement." stance on this issue. stance on this issue. tax but is open to a cap-and- E&E News has suggested that Source trade program, though he has Former Governor Weld favors not proposed any such deal. expanding nuclear power. Bill Weld Source Source Former Governor (R-MA)

Supports (Carbon Tax) Spending Supports (Restore) Opposes Ban Supports Phase Out Unclear Supports Has a Target Has a Target Williamson: “A federal carbon tax Williamson: “Funds should be Williamson: “Yes, I would [restore Campaign Website: The Campaign Website: "Put a ban on Williamson: "Yes, I would [restore Williamson: "Transition away There is insufficient information Ms. Williamson told the New Campaign Website: "The electric Campaign Website: "Reduce CO2 is important and is only one tool used to retire inefficient regulations like the Clean Power Williamson administration will all fracking operations (oil and regulations like methane limits]. from the domestic use of nuclear to determine the candidate's York Times that she supports power sector should be de- emissions to net zero by 2050 at that we will need to address this equipment, to incentivize zero- Plan].There are no Obama "end all new oil and gas leases in gas) while we study the best way There are no Obama climate energy. We do not need nuclear stance on this issue. the Paris Climate Agreement. carbonized sooner than the rest the latest." imminent threat to our carbon-producing technologies climate regulations that I would federal lands and waters.” to transition away from and regulations that I would not energy to fulfill our energy of the economy – by 2040. Each Source Source communities, country and and to spur a .” not restore, and I would go phase out these hazardous and restore, and I would go farther needs." state will be required to adopt a Source environment . . . a reasonable farther than Obama.” extreme extraction techniques...” than Obama." renewable portfolio standard Source Source Marianne Williamson cost per ton carbon tax could be which would start at the level of Source Source Source Author (D) calculated, not more than $60 renewable electricity supplies in Climate policy per ton." that state in 2020, and taper up to 100% by 2040." Source Source

Supports (Carbon Tax) Multiple Supports (Restore and Expand) Opposes Partial Ban Unclear Supports (Expand/Invest) Unclear Supports Has a Target Has a Target Yang: “I’m in favor of a carbon Campaign Website: "Use [a Yang: "We should absolutely Washington Post: "Yang supports Washington Post: "Yang supports There is insufficient information Campaign Website: "Nuclear isn’t There is insufficient information Yang: “Absolutely. America needs Mr. Yang's climate plan includes Mr. Yang has set a range of fee and dividend system, taxing carbon] tax to fund, after reimplement the Clean Power ending leasing for fossil fuel a ban on fracking 'in any place to determine the candidate's a perfect solution, but it’s a solid to determine the candidate's to rejoin the rest of the world in a target of a 100% emissions- targets and timelines related to carbon at $40 per ton and administrative fees: (50%) The Plan and continue to develop our extraction on federal lands . . ." that public water quality could stance on this issue. solution for now, and a stance on this issue. formally recognizing the threat free electricity grid by 2035. decarbonizing the US economy, increasing over time.” Universal Basic Income; (50%) regulations of power plants, on be put at risk,' a campaign technology we should invest in posed by climate change...” including achieving a net-zero Source Source Projects that are enhancing not just carbon but also other spokesman said. 'He would not as we move to a future powered emissions goal by 2049. Source Source efficiency of fossil fuels or pollutants such as mercury." be in favor of banning fracking primarily by renewable energy." Source increasing availability of completely, but in most cases.'” Source Source renewable resources." Entrepreneur (D) Source Climate policy Source

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