Hvor Nemt Eller Svært Var Det at Skyde Fra Bogdepotets Vindue? Og Kunne Det Lade Sig Gøre at Affyre Tre Skud Inden for Den Af Warren-Kommissionen Angivne Tidsramme?

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Hvor Nemt Eller Svært Var Det at Skyde Fra Bogdepotets Vindue? Og Kunne Det Lade Sig Gøre at Affyre Tre Skud Inden for Den Af Warren-Kommissionen Angivne Tidsramme? I denne sidste artikel om skydningen, skal vi se på placeringen af skytten - Hvor nemt eller svært var det at skyde fra bogdepotets vindue? Og kunne det lade sig gøre at affyre tre skud inden for den af Warren-kommissionen angivne tidsramme? *** Som det fremgik af sergent Zahms vidneudsagn i den første artikel, og Massad Ayoobs artikel, anså de begge skuddene fra vinduet i Dallas som lette skud. For dem var der ingen tvivl om at det ikke var nogen særlig svær opgave at ramme Kennedy. På dette punkt kan det være givtigt med en bemærkning om beskrivelsen af Oswalds snigskytte- redes placering. Flere danske bøger skriver at den lå på 5.sal af bogdepotet, mens amerikanske bøger taler om ”the sixth floor”. Dette kan undre, men forklaringen ligger simpelt nok i oversættelsen. På amerikansk opererer man ikke med et begreb som ”stueetage”. Det, vi kalder stueetage, kalder englænderne ground floor, men amerikanerne siger first floor. Derved ses hurtigt at det som vi kalder 5.etage bliver til sixth floor i USA, og tilsvarende er fx fifth floor set med danske øjne amerikansk for 4.etage. Jeg holder fast i de danske begreber og placerer Oswald på 5.etage eller 5.sal. Én faktor som er meget overkommelig i sagen, er afstanden til målet. Da Kennedy blev ramt første gang i øverste del af skulderen, var bilen kun 55 meter væk fra vinduet på 5.sal. Og da præsidenten rammes af det grufulde hovedskud, er bilen ca. 80 meter fra vinduet. Vi er altså klart under en afstand på 100 meter, den afstand man normalt skyder rifler ind på. Efter mordet foretog både FBI og Secret Service deres egne undersøgelser af mordet. Begge organisationer foretog kort tid efter tragedien hver deres rekonstruktioner af scenen på Dealey Plaza. En bil med ”skuespillere” kørte samme rute med samme hastighed mens et filmkamera optog scenen fra bogdepotet, kiggende gennem linsen på Oswalds kikkertsigte, påmonteret geværet. FBI synkroniserede endda deres rekonstruktion med Zapruderfilmen. Hvis man gerne vil have en god fornemmelse af hvordan det har set ud fra vinduet på 5.sal den 22.november 1963, (og man ikke har råd til en tur til Dallas)1 så kan man kigge på denne YouTube video, der viser hele Secret Services rekonstruktion af mordet. Det er en sort/hvid 24 minutter lang stumfilm som bestemt er værd at se, hvis man er interesseret i mordsagen: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUtJos-wZXI FBI-agent Robert A. Frazier i færd med at filme/fotografere fra vinduet under FBI’s rekonstruktion i 1963. Geværet er Oswalds Carcano med serienummer C2766. Sådan ville det have set ud fra vinduet, uden kikkertsigte i det øjeblik Kennedy rammes af det grufulde hovedskud, i Zapruderbillede 313. Læseren kan med en finger eller spidsen af en kuglepen forsøge at visualisere at sigte mod én af personerne ved limousinen. Det virker som et langt skud og en svær opgave, men husk at situationen i virkeligheden har været anderledes, og Oswald var trænet i at ramme mål af samme størrelse på markant længere afstande – vel at mærke uden kikkertsigte. Dette er en computer-rekonstruktion af Oswalds syn i kikkerten på det skud hvor Kennedy rammes første gang, skabt af computeranimationseksperten Dale Myers i 2003. Sammenlign med næste billede: Ovenstående billede er hvordan den samme situation ser ud i Secrets Services kamera. Det kunne se ud som om Dale Myers har zoomet lidt mere ind end rigtigt er, ud fra ”overdrivelse fremmer forståelsen”! Men helt ved siden af er det dog ikke. Computerbilledet er i farver og meget mere skarpt, præsidentlimousinen var også større end Secret Services hvide bil, og det kan være svært for et kamera at fange præcis hvordan det menneskelige øje ville have set det. Det kan godt tænkes at det menneskelige øje ville se det lidt større end på billedet. Men selvom vi forkastede Dale Myers og nøjedes med Secret Service billedet, er det tydeligvis ikke noget svært skud. Afstanden til målet er ca. 55 meter. Ej heller det afgørende skud i Zapruderbillede 313, hvor afstanden er ca. 80 meter, er nogen uoverkommelig opgave, når man kigger i kikkertsigtet. Det ville have været svært for en utrænet person, men hvis Oswald havde trænet med sit Carcano-gevær ville det, kombineret med hans baggrund som marinesoldat, have gjort det til en relativ simpel opgave, i hvert fald når vi alene betragter afstanden og udsynet fra vinduet. Billede fra Høringerne, bind 18, af FBI’s rekonstruktion. Se de nederste billeder for ”Frame 222”. Nogle mener at den første træffer kom her. Det ses at synet i kikkertsigtet ikke afviger synderligt fra Secret Services billede. For og imod Som med så meget andet i sagen, så er der forskellige meninger om sværhedsgraden, blandt de mennesker der rent faktisk har kigget ud af vinduet på 5.sal. Nogen ryster på hovedet og siger ”umuligt”, og nogen bliver overraskede over hvor tæt gaden er på vinduet – ” er det så nemt?” siger de. Det er mit indtryk at det ofte handler om forud-indtagethed. Hvis man i forvejen er overbevist om at den officielle forklaring er svindel, så vil man have tendens til at se det som et svært sted at skyde fra. Det er mit indtryk at mange mennesker med et åbent sind har ment at det er en god position at skyde fra. Husk på at vinduet kun er 18 meter over gadeniveau2. Og Dealey Plaza er mindre end det kan synes på fotografier og film. Én af de mest spektakulære beretninger er fra forfatteren Craig Roberts i sin 1996 bog Kill Zone – a sniper looks at Dealey Plaza. Som tidligere snigskytte i Marinekorpset i Vietnam var Craig Roberts’ vurdering på forhånd interessant. Det kunne være en meget spændende bog. Men jeg blev temmelig skuffet. Roberts fortæller i bogen at han i 1987 stak hovedet ud af vinduet og straks erklærede at det var helt umuligt! Da vidste han at det hele var løgn. Det lyder lidt for enkelt og pompøst. Der er mange eksperter der har sagt det stik modsatte så det lyder sært at Roberts med et enkelt blik skulle kunne afgøre det så skarpt? Resten af bogen byder på fortvivlende lidt analyse og fornuftig argumentation, men den byder til gengæld på masser af spekulationer og klassisk konspirationsparanoia, det hele krydret med Roberts’ lidt for selvoptagede fortælleteknik. Flere gange bruger han kræfter på at understrege sin egen betydning og fremstille det som om han er klogere end alle andre. Han er hardcore konspirationsteoretiker, der uden ret meget andet end spekulation, anklager den internationale finansverden for mordet. Jeg giver ikke meget for hans ”analyse”! Så vidt afstanden til målet. Der er andre faktorer der kunne have gjort dette til et meget svært skud. Hvor hurtigt kørte limousinen? Hvor lang tid brugte morderen på at affyre alle tre skud? På sin hjemmeside http://22november1963.org.uk opstiller pro-konspirationsforfatter Jeremy Bojczuk fire punkter som efter hans mening vanskeliggør skuddene, trods den korte afstand: Præsidentens limousine bevægede sig væk fra snigskyttens placering Bilen blev skjult for en tid af et egetræ Alle skud måtte affyres indenfor et meget kort tidsrum Vigtigst af alt, den eneste riffel som kunne have været brugt, var akavet og uforudsigelig Jeg vil tage disse punkter op én for én, undtaget sidste punkt som er beskrevet udførligt i artikel 2, og hvor konklusionen var at der ikke var noget galt med geværet, som sagtens kunne bruges til opgaven. Hvor hurtigt kørte limousinen? At skyde mod et bevægeligt mål er naturligvis alt andet lige sværere end at skyde mod et stationært mål. Men enhver jæger og enhver soldat må nødvendigvis træne i at skyde mod bevægelige mål, da han/hun næsten uundgåeligt ville komme ud for dette in real life situations. Det er heller ikke umuligt på nogen måde at ramme bevægelige mål, hvis man har trænet godt. En væsentlig faktor er naturligvis den fart målet bevæger sig med. Jo større fart, jo vanskeligere at ramme. Men en anden faktor er retningen. Og en tredje faktor er skyttens kropsstilling. Hvis målet kommer mod skytten, kan han/hun glæde sig over at afstanden hvert øjeblik mindskes, men geværet skal følge målet i en nedadgående bevægelse, såfremt skytten befinder sig en eleveret (forhøjet) position i forhold til målet. Dette bliver besværligt hvis geværet hviler på noget. Dette Secret Service stillbillede viser hvordan præsidenten – fra vinduet på 5.sal - har set ud i et 4x kikkertsigte mens bilen kom kørende ad Houston Street, kort før den svingede ind mod Dealey Plaza. Det ligner en god skudmulighed, derfor har mange undret sig over hvorfor Oswald ikke skød allerede her? ”Det giver ingen mening”, udbryder konspirationsteoretiker Craig Zirbel i sin bog The Texas Connection (1980), og historiker Michael L. Kurtz undrer sig ligeledes over hvorfor Oswald ikke skyder et frontalskud mod Kennedy men venter indtil de er kørt forbi bogdepotet og så skyder bagfra3. Men der er intet mærkværdigt i at Oswald valgte at vente til bilen var kørt forbi. Kritikernes fejl består i at de stirrer sig blinde på hvornår Kennedy står klarest i et kikkertsigte, og overser at en snigskytte skal tage flere forhold i betragtning, når han skal afgøre hvordan og hvornår han skal skyde. Oswald var formentlig klar over at han ikke kunne nøjes med at affyre eet skud og så stikke af. (han forsøgte i april 1963 at myrde den højreorienterede general Walker med eet skud gennem et vindue, uden held). Skulle han være sikker på at få sit ”kill” måtte han kunne affyre mindst to skud mod sit mål. Oswald kunne let ræsonnere at hvis han ikke ramte Kennedy med et første skud mod ham på Houston Street, ville bilen med en vis sandsynlighed gasse op og køre hurtigt fremad.
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