Permanent Magnet DC Brush Motors Technical Data Sheet
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High Speed Linear Induction Motor Efficiency Optimization
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2005-06 High speed linear induction motor efficiency optimization Johnson, Andrew P. (Andrew Peter) http://hdl.handle.net/10945/11052 High Speed Linear Induction Motor Efficiency Optimization by Andrew P. Johnson B.S. Electrical Engineering SUNY Buffalo, 1994 Submitted to the Department of Ocean Engineering and the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Naval Engineer and Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 2005 ©Andrew P. Johnson, all rights reserved. MIT hereby grants the U.S. Government permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of A uthor ................ ............................... D.epartment of Ocean Engineering May 7, 2005 Certified by. ..... ........James .... ... ....... ... L. Kirtley, Jr. Professor of Electrical Engineering // Thesis Supervisor Certified by......................•........... ...... ........................S•:• Timothy J. McCoy ssoci t Professor of Naval Construction and Engineering Thesis Reader Accepted by ................................................. Michael S. Triantafyllou /,--...- Chai -ommittee on Graduate Students - Depa fnO' cean Engineering Accepted by . .......... .... .....-............ .............. Arthur C. Smith Chairman, Committee on Graduate Students DISTRIBUTION -
Brushes for Aircraft Applications
Brushes for Aircraft Applications Bob Nuckolls AeroElectric Connection April 1993 Updated August 2003 Several times a year I receive a call or letter asking where one be 1000 hours or more of continuous motor operation! We obtains "aircraft" grade brushes for an alternator or generator. were hard pressed to demonstrate more than 600 hours from One of my readers called recently to say he had been verbally any grade of brush. This little motor runs at 22,000 rpm! There keel-hauled by an engineer with an alternator manufacturing were simply no brush products available that would last 1000 company. The reader had confessed to considering a plain hours at those commutator surface speeds. vanilla brush for use in the alternator on his RV-4. The program was nearly scuttled when project managers There's a lot of "hangar mythology" about what constitutes became fixated upon reaching the 1000-hour goal. We aircraft ratings in components. We all know that much of what researched our service records for the same motor supplied in is deemed "aircraft" today are the same products certified onto other forms for over 10 years. airplanes 30-50 years ago. Many developers and suppliers consider aviation a "dying" market; few are interested in Clutches and brakes turned out to be the #1 service problem. researching and qualifying new products. However, Brake problems occurred at 300 to 500 flight hours, not motor automotive markets continue to advance in every technology. operating hours. Given that trim operations might run a pitch It is sad to note that many products found on cars today far trim actuator perhaps 3 minutes total per flight cycle, 1000 exceed the capabilities and quality of similar hardware found hours of flight on a Lear might put less than 50 hours on certified airplanes. -
United States Patent (19) 11 4,343,223 Hawke Et Al
United States Patent (19) 11 4,343,223 Hawke et al. 45) Aug. 10, 1982 54 MULTIPLESTAGE RAILGUN UCRL-52778, (7/6/79). Hawke. 75 Inventors: Ronald S. Hawke, Livermore; UCRL-82296, (10/2/79) Hawke et al. Jonathan K. Scudder, Pleasanton; Accel. Macropart, & Hypervel. EM Accelerator, Bar Kristian Aaland, Livermore, all of ber (3/72) Australian National Univ., Canberra ACT Calif. pp. 71,90–93. LA-8000-G (8/79) pp. 128, 135-137, 140, 144, 145 73) Assignee: The United States of America as (Marshall pp. 156-161 (Muller et al). represented by the United States Department of Energy, Washington, Primary Examiner-Sal Cangialosi D.C. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-L. E. Carnahan; Roger S. Gaither; Richard G. Besha . - (21) Appl. No.: 153,365 57 ABSTRACT 22 Filed: May 23, 1980 A multiple stage magnetic railgun accelerator (10) for 51) Int. Cl........................... F41F1/00; F41F 1/02; accelerating a projectile (15) by movement of a plasma F41F 7/00 arc (13) along the rails (11,12). The railgun (10) is di 52 U.S. Cl. ....................................... ... 89/8; 376/100; vided into a plurality of successive rail stages (10a-n) - 124/3 which are sequentially energized by separate energy 58) Field of Search .................... 89/8; 124/3; 310/12; sources (14a-n) as the projectile (15) moves through the 73/12; 376/100 bore (17) of the railgun (10). Propagation of energy from an energized rail stage back towards the breech 56) References Cited end (29) of the railgun (10) can be prevented by connec U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS tion of the energy sources (14a-n) to the rails (11,12) 2,783,684 3/1957 Yoler ...r. -
Permanent Magnet DC Motors Catalog
Catalog DC05EN Permanent Magnet DC Motors Drives DirectPower Series DA-Series DirectPower Plus Series SC-Series PRO Series www.electrocraft.com www.electrocraft.com For over 60 years, ElectroCraft has been helping engineers translate innovative ideas into reality – one reliable motor at a time. As a global specialist in custom motor and motion technology, we provide the engineering capabilities and worldwide resources you need to succeed. This guide has been developed as a quick reference tool for ElectroCraft products. It is not intended to replace technical documentation or proper use of standards and codes in installation of product. Because of the variety of uses for the products described in this publication, those responsible for the application and use of this product must satisfy themselves that all necessary steps have been taken to ensure that each application and use meets all performance and safety requirements, including all applicable laws, regulations, codes and standards. Reproduction of the contents of this copyrighted publication, in whole or in part without written permission of ElectroCraft is prohibited. Designed by stilbruch · www.stilbruch.me ElectroCraft DirectPower™, DirectPower™ Plus, DA-Series, SC-Series & PRO Series Drives 2 Table of Contents Typical Applications . 3 Which PMDC Motor . 5 PMDC Drive Product Matrix . .6 DirectPower Series . 7 DP20 . 7 DP25 . 9 DP DP30 . 11 DirectPower Plus Series . 13 DPP240 . 13 DPP640 . 15 DPP DPP680 . 17 DPP700 . 19 DPP720 . 21 DA-Series. 23 DA43 . 23 DA DA47 . 25 SC-Series . .27 SCA-L . .27 SCA-S . .29 SC SCA-SS . 31 PRO Series . 33 PRO-A04V36 . 35 PRO-A08V48 . 37 PRO PRO-A10V80 . -
Magnetism Known to the Early Chinese in 12Th Century, and In
Magnetism Known to the early Chinese in 12th century, and in some detail by ancient Greeks who observed that certain stones “lodestones” attracted pieces of iron. Lodestones were found in the coastal area of “Magnesia” in Thessaly at the beginning of the modern era. The name of magnetism derives from magnesia. William Gilbert, physician to Elizabeth 1, made magnets by rubbing Fe against lodestones and was first to recognize the Earth was a large magnet and that lodestones always pointed north-south. Hence the use of magnetic compasses. Book “De Magnete” 1600. The English word "electricity" was first used in 1646 by Sir Thomas Browne, derived from Gilbert's 1600 New Latin electricus, meaning "like amber". Gilbert demonstrates a “lodestone” compass to ER 1. Painting by Auckland Hunt. John Mitchell (1750) found that like electric forces magnetic forces decrease with separation (conformed by Coulomb). Link between electricity and magnetism discovered by Hans Christian Oersted (1820) who noted a wire carrying an electric current affected a magnetic compass. Conformed by Andre Marie Ampere who shoes electric currents were source of magnetic phenomena. Force fields emanating from a bar magnet, showing Nth and Sth poles (credit: Justscience 2017) Showing magnetic force fields with Fe filings (Wikipedia.org.) Earth’s magnetic field (protects from damaging charged particles emanating from sun. (Credit: livescience.com) Magnetic field around wire carrying a current (stackexchnage.com) Right hand rule gives the right sign of the force (stackexchnage.com) Magnetic field generated by a solenoid (miniphyiscs.com) Van Allen radiation belts. Energetic charged particles travel along B lines Electric currents (moving charges) generate magnetic fields but can magnetic fields generate electric currents. -
Equivalence of Current–Carrying Coils and Magnets; Magnetic Dipoles; - Law of Attraction and Repulsion, Definition of the Ampere
GEOPHYSICS (08/430/0012) THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD OUTLINE Magnetism Magnetic forces: - equivalence of current–carrying coils and magnets; magnetic dipoles; - law of attraction and repulsion, definition of the ampere. Magnetic fields: - magnetic fields from electrical currents and magnets; magnetic induction B and lines of magnetic induction. The geomagnetic field The magnetic elements: (N, E, V) vector components; declination (azimuth) and inclination (dip). The external field: diurnal variations, ionospheric currents, magnetic storms, sunspot activity. The internal field: the dipole and non–dipole fields, secular variations, the geocentric axial dipole hypothesis, geomagnetic reversals, seabed magnetic anomalies, The dynamo model Reasons against an origin in the crust or mantle and reasons suggesting an origin in the fluid outer core. Magnetohydrodynamic dynamo models: motion and eddy currents in the fluid core, mechanical analogues. Background reading: Fowler §3.1 & 7.9.2, Lowrie §5.2 & 5.4 GEOPHYSICS (08/430/0012) MAGNETIC FORCES Magnetic forces are forces associated with the motion of electric charges, either as electric currents in conductors or, in the case of magnetic materials, as the orbital and spin motions of electrons in atoms. Although the concept of a magnetic pole is sometimes useful, it is diácult to relate precisely to observation; for example, all attempts to find a magnetic monopole have failed, and the model of permanent magnets as magnetic dipoles with north and south poles is not particularly accurate. Consequently moving charges are normally regarded as fundamental in magnetism. Basic observations 1. Permanent magnets A magnet attracts iron and steel, the attraction being most marked close to its ends. -
Permanent Magnet Design Guidelines
NOTE(2019): THIS ORGANIZATION (MMPA) IS OBSOLETE! MAGNET GUIDELINES Basic physics of magnet materials II. Design relationships, figures merit and optimizing techniques Ill. Measuring IV. Magnetizing Stabilizing and handling VI. Specifications, standards and communications VII. Bibliography INTRODUCTION This guide is a supplement to our MMPA Standard No. 0100. It relates the information in the Standard to permanent magnet circuit problems. The guide is a bridge between unit property data and a permanent magnet component having a specific size and geometry in order to establish a magnetic field in a given magnetic circuit environment. The MMPA 0100 defines magnetic, thermal, physical and mechanical properties. The properties given are descriptive in nature and not intended as a basis of acceptance or rejection. Magnetic measure- ments are difficult to make and less accurate than corresponding electrical mea- surements. A considerable amount of detailed information must be exchanged between producer and user if magnetic quantities are to be compared at two locations. MMPA member companies feel that this publication will be helpful in allowing both user and producer to arrive at a realistic and meaningful specifica- tion framework. Acknowledgment The Magnetic Materials Producers Association acknowledges the out- standing contribution of Parker to this and designers and manufacturers of products usingpermanent magnet materials. Parker the Technical Consultant to MMPA compiled and wrote this document. We also wish to thank the Standards and Engineering Com- mittee of MMPA which reviewed and edited this document. December 1987 3M July 1988 5M August 1996 December 1998 1 M CONTENTS The guide is divided into the following sections: Glossary of terms and conversion A very important starting point since the whole basis of communication in the magnetic material industry involves measurement of defined unit properties. -
Discrete and Continuous Model of Three-Phase Linear Induction Motors “Lims” Considering Attraction Force
energies Article Discrete and Continuous Model of Three-Phase Linear Induction Motors “LIMs” Considering Attraction Force Nicolás Toro-García 1 , Yeison A. Garcés-Gómez 2 and Fredy E. Hoyos 3,* 1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering & Computer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia—Sede Manizales, Cra 27 No. 64 – 60, Manizales, Colombia; [email protected] 2 Unidad Académica de Formación en Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Cra 23 No. 60 – 63, Manizales, Colombia; [email protected] 3 Facultad de Ciencias—Escuela de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia—Sede Medellín, Carrera 65 No. 59A-110, 050034, Medellín, Colombia * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +57-4-4309000 Received: 18 December 2018; Accepted: 14 February 2019; Published: 18 February 2019 Abstract: A fifth-order dynamic continuous model of a linear induction motor (LIM), without considering “end effects” and considering attraction force, was developed. The attraction force is necessary in considering the dynamic analysis of the mechanically loaded linear induction motor. To obtain the circuit parameters of the LIM, a physical system was implemented in the laboratory with a Rapid Prototype System. The model was created by modifying the traditional three-phase model of a Y-connected rotary induction motor in a d–q stationary reference frame. The discrete-time LIM model was obtained through the continuous time model solution for its application in simulations or computational solutions in order to analyze nonlinear behaviors and for use in discrete time control systems. To obtain the solution, the continuous time model was divided into a current-fed linear induction motor third-order model, where the current inputs were considered as pseudo-inputs, and a second-order subsystem that only models the currents of the primary with voltages as inputs. -
An Inexpensive Hands-On Introduction to Permanent Magnet Direct Current Motors
AC 2011-1082: AN INEXPENSIVE HANDS-ON INTRODUCTION TO PER- MANENT MAGNET DIRECT CURRENT MOTORS Garrett M. Clayton, Villanova University Dr. Garrett M. Clayton received his BSME from Seattle University and his MSME and PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Washington (Seattle). He is an Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering at Villanova University. His research interests focus on mechatronics, specifically modeling and control of scanning probe microscopes and unmanned vehicles. Rebecca A Stein, University of Pennsylvania Rebecca Stein is the Associate Director of Research and Educational Outreach in the School of Engi- neering and Applied Science at the University of Pennsylvania. She received her B.S. in Mechanical Engineering and Masters in Technology Management from Villanova University. Her background and work experience is in K-12 engineering education initiatives. Rebecca has spent the past 5 years involved in STEM high school programs at Villanova University and The School District of Philadelphia. Ad- ditionally, she has helped coordinate numerous robotics competitions such as BEST Robotics, FIRST LEGO League and MATE. Page 22.177.1 Page c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 An Inexpensive Hands-on Introduction to Permanent Magnet Direct Current Motors Abstract Motors are an important curricular component in freshman and sophomore introduction to mechanical engineering (ME) courses as well as in curricula developed for high school science and robotics clubs. In order to facilitate a hands-on introduction to motors, an inexpensive permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motor experiment has been developed that gives students an opportunity to build a PMDC motor from common office supplies along with a few inexpensive laboratory components. -
DC Motor Workshop
DC Motor Annotated Handout American Physical Society A. What You Already Know Make a labeled drawing to show what you think is inside the motor. Write down how you think the motor works. Please do this independently. This important step forces students to create a preliminary mental model for the motor, which will be their starting point. Since they are writing it down, they can compare it with their answer to the same question at the end of the activity. B. Observing and Disassembling the Motor 1. Use the small screwdriver to take the motor apart by bending back the two metal tabs that hold the white plastic end-piece in place. Pull off this plastic end-piece, and then slide out the part that spins, which is called the armature. 2. Describe what you see. 3. How do you think the motor works? Discuss this question with the others in your group. C. Mounting the Armature 1. Use the diagram below to locate the commutator—the split ring around the motor shaft. This is the armature. Shaft Commutator Coil of wire (electromagnetic) 2. Look at the drawing on the next page and find the brushes—two short ends of bare wire that make a "V". The brushes will make electrical contact with the commutator, and gravity will hold them together. In addition the brushes will support one end of the armature and cradle it to prevent side- to-side movement. 1 3. Using the cup, the two rubber bands, the piece of bare wire, and the three pieces of insulated wire, mount the armature as in the diagram below. -
Electric Vehicle Modeling Utilizing DC Motor Equations
1 Electric Vehicle Modeling Utilizing DC Motor Equations Clay S. Hearn, Damon A. Weeks, Richard C. Thompson, and Dongmei Chen Abstract— This paper discusses modeling an electric utility vehicle powered by a separately wound DC motor. Many modeling techniques use steady state efficiency maps and torque- speed curves to describe the performance of electric motors, which can overlook transient response dynamics, current limits, and thermal limits that may affect the end vehicle performance. This paper discusses using bond-graph techniques to develop a causal model of an electric vehicle powered by a separately wound DC motor and development of the appropriate feed- forward and feed-back controllers required for route following. The causal model performance is compared to a PSAT model of the same electric vehicle, which uses motor torque-speed curve and efficiency map. Fig. 1. Columbia ParCar SUV-LN electric utility vehicle Index Terms—dc motors, PSAT, bond graphs, modeling, and for particular applications. The Center for Electromechanics electric vehicle has successfully used PSAT in the past to predict on-route energy usage of a plug-in hydrogen fuel cell shuttle bus. I. INTRODUCTION Tuned PSAT model predictions of energy consumption matched data collected from on-road testing to within 5% [1]. ll electric utility vehicles such as the Columbia ParCar PSAT is considered a forward looking model since a A SUV-LN, shown in Figure 1, are used in a wide variety controlled drive torque demand is used to control the vehicle of industrial and commercial applications where tools, following a particulate route. From the motor torque and equipment, and personnel need to be transported efficiently vehicle speed, quasistatic model techniques are used to track with zero emissions. -
Electricity’ Contribute to the Second Industrial Revolution (I): the Power Engines
Delft University of Technology How did the General Purpose Technology ’Electricity’ contribute to the Second Industrial Revolution (I): The Power Engines. van der Kooij, Bauke Publication date 2016 Document Version Final published version Citation (APA) van der Kooij, B. (2016). How did the General Purpose Technology ’Electricity’ contribute to the Second Industrial Revolution (I): The Power Engines. Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10. How did the General Purpose Technology ’Electricity’ contribute to the Second Industrial Revolution (I): The Power Engines. B.J.G.van der Kooij Guest at the University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX, Delft, the Netherlands Abstract The concept of the General Purpose Technology (GPT) of the late 1990s is a culmination of many evolutionairy views in innovation-thinking. By definition the GPT considers the technical, social, and economic effects of meta-technologies like steam-technology and electric technology.