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Abdulmalik Auwal AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF FAITH AND COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS IN PEACE-BUILDING IN PLATEAU STATE 2001-2011 [ By ABDULMALIK AUWAL Ph. D/ SOC-SCIE/03180/2006-07 Dissertation submitted to the Department of Political Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE Professor A.R. Dunmoye (Chairman) Hudu Abdullahi Ayuba Ph.D Member Professor Kayode Omojuwa Member April 17, 2014 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this dissertation is the product of my personal research effort. The data contained in this dissertation has not been presented for any previous examination or application for a higher degree. All sources of information have been properly acknowledged. …………………………….. ………………………. Abdulmalik Auwal Date CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this dissertation titled An Assessment of the Role of Faith and Community Based Organizations in Peace-Building in Plateau State 2001- 2011 submitted to the School of Postgraduate Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria through the Department of Political Science, for meeting the regulations governing the award of Doctor of Philosophy (Political Science), is an evidence of original research carried out by Abdulmalik Auwal. …………………………….... ……………………… Prof. Ayo R. Dunmoye (Chairman, Supervisory Committee/Dean) Date ……………………………... …………………… Prof. Hudu A. Ayuba (Member, Supervisory Committee/H.O.D) Date ……………………………….. …………………… Prof. Kayode Omojuwa (Member, Supervisory Committee) Date ……………………………………… .…………………… Dr. Kabiru Mato (External Examiner) Date ………………………………………. ……………………… Dr. Yohanna Gandu (Internal Examiner) Date …………………………………… …………………… Dean, Postgraduate School Date ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Let me first start this acknowledgement by thanking Allah Subhanahu Wata‟ala for His magnanimity through which His mercies and blessings granted me the strength, insight and tenacity that enabled the successful completion of this work. I would like to acknowledge the unreserved dedication of my team of supervisors: Professor Ayo Dunmoye, Professor Sabo Bako (May his soul rest in peace), Prof. Hudu Abdullahi and Prof. Kayode Omojuwa, for their accommodation of my frequent inquisitive visits even at unofficial intervals and their instructive/advisory discourses without which this work would not have been what it is today. I am particularly grateful to Professor Ayo Dunmoye for his fatherly guidance. His relentless encouragement and mentoring saw me through this study even when I was working on this dissertation in the United States of America. His ardent comments and guidance have immensely contributed to my successful completion of the study. I will like to appreciate the respective roles of my lecturers, individuals and organizations in seeing me through these years of hard work and determination. In this regards, I thank Prof. Paul Izah, Dr. Issah Mohammed Abbas, Prof. Ejembi Unobe, Dr. Umaru Mohammed Ka‟oje, Dr. Siddique Abubakar Mohammed, Dr. Aliyu Yahaya, Dr. Sama‟ila Shehu, Dr. Yusuf Yakubu, Dr. Edgar Agubamma, Dr. Faal Mohammed, Mal. Saidu Hassan Adamu, Abdullahi Tanko, Late Dr. Suleiman Sunday, Ahmed Tijjani Ibrahim, Dr. Atelhe George, Dr. Muhammad Nuruddin Musa, Bello Bashir Gwarzo, Abdulrashid A. Muhammad, Ahmad Buba, Nasiru Waje and Mal. Salisu Abdullahi Yusuf for scaling the hurdle together. I should also like to thank my teachers and colleagues in the Department of Political Science, Bayero University, Kano and these include the Late Dr. Haruna Mohammed Salihi (may his soul rest in peace), my head of department and father, Prof. Attahiru Mohammed Jega, for taking their time in reading my draft several times and giving their comments. Prof. Habu Mohammed for being the first person to have helped me in developing my thought on the study area, Mal. Ibrahim Muazzam for being my invaluable source of relevant literature, advice and encouragement. My sincere appreciation also goes to Dr. Moses Terlumn Aluaigba of Aminu Kano Center for Democratic Research and Training for spending his precious time on my work whenever I needed assistance and Ismaila Garba of English and French Department, Bayero University, Kano for taking the pains in assisting with editorial work. I owe special gratitude to the United States Department of State and Institute of International Education (IIE), the Fulbright Fellowship thesis support grant which aided the timely completion of this study. Special commendation goes to my academic advisors, Professor Darren Kew, Roni Lipton, Ann Rugnetta and Rezarta Bilal all of Department of Conflict Resolution, Human Security and Global Governance in University of Massachusetts, Boston. Ms. Lurlene Van Buren, Jennifer Goode, Susan Leigh Connors, Tim Blackman and Joanne Riley of Office of International and Transnational Affairs (OITA) are also commended for willingly giving me free office, library and other research equipment. In addition, they also included and displayed my scholarly presentations in Prof. Johnson‟s page in the internet. I appreciate Prof. Michael Keating of Center for Peace, Democracy and Development, University of Massachusetts, Boston, being the first American man I dined with his family and the first American that invited me to deliver a lecture on „Democracy and Development‟ in High School Manhattan, New York; I am equally grateful to Mathew Levinger and David Smock both of the United States Institute of Peace for giving me access to the USIP library, giving me book donations and introducing me to some peace-building strategies, using the Imam and Pastor Methodology videos. I would like to acknowledge Silja Sistok of the Institute of International Education for her assiduous effort towards preparing my allowances, travels within and outside the United States, organizing my medical appointments and assisting with my conference attendance. Aminu Gamawa of Harvard University, who put me up and assisted me with my first accommodation; Innocent Chukwuma of CLEEN, Shuaibu who also assisted me tremendously while in the States, Denis Bogere, Olalekan Afis Alao of University of Massachusetts for being with me in Healey Library in the University of Massachusetts, Boston most of the time and Bar Ifeoma Ngozi Malo for helping me with some American legal issues and all those that made my stay in the United States easier. I am thankful to DanHalilu Ibrahim L., James Moolom and Uwadileke Chinenye of the Embassy of the United States of America, Abuja; to Imam Dr. Mohammed Nurayn Ashafa and Pastor Dr. James Morgan Wuye, Co-Directors of the Inter Faith Mediation Center, Kaduna for assisting me with important information on my study area, and bringing me in contact with important personalities of the study area. I am indebted to Sadiq Abubakar Hong of CALM USAID for willingly giving me access to materials and equipment on the Jos conflict, smuggled me into the emir‟s palace (as an NGO official) to attend the Palace Mediation Process organised by Institute of Governance and Social Research (IGSR), JOS and some other NGO‟s, which saw a number of communities coming forward to utter their grievances and suggest solutions on how to end the conflict; Alhaji Danjuma Baban Merian for accommodating me in his house in Jos during my field work; Ali Garba of IGSR for granting me access to the center‟s library; Jibrin A. Mohammed for risking his life to follow me to Plateau State amidst the conflict and spearhead the supervision of a section of my Research Assistants. I am equally grateful to the Aminu Kano Center for Democratic Research and Training (AKCDRT); the National Defense College, Abuja; the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, Abuja; the Center for Peace Research and Conflict Resolution (CPRCR); the Center for Research and Documentation (CRD), Kano; the Inter Faith Mediation Centre, Kaduna; the United States Institute of Peace (USIP); and the Center for Peace, Democracy and Development, USA. Finally, I am deeply grateful to my family, the AUWALAWA, my friends, my wife and children for their respective assistance, patience and encouragement during the course of this study. DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the memory of my late esteemed Mentor, the Head of Department and father, Dr. Haruna Mohammed Salihi. May his soul rest in peace and may he be rewarded with al-Jannah Firdausi, ameen. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Acronym AC Action Congress AD Alliance for Democracy ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution AFHC African Journal of History and Culture AKCDRT Aminu Kano Center for Democratic Research and Training ANPP All Nigerians People‟s Party ASUU Academic Staff Union of Universities CALM Conflict Abetment through Local Mitigation CAFs Country Assistance Frameworks CAN Christian Association of Nigeria CAPP Community Action for Popular Participation CBAAC Centre for Black African Arts and Civilization CBO Community Based Organizations CCA Common Country Assessment CCN Christian Council of Nigeria CCI Coventry Cathedral International CHD Center for Humanitarian Dialogue CEPAN Centre for Peace Advancement of Nigeria CEPID Center for Peace Initiative and Development COCIN Church of Christ, Nigeria COWAN Country Women Association of Nigeria CPRCR Center for Peace Research and Conflict Resolution CPSS Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies CPDD Center for Peace Democracy and Development CRD Center for Research and Documentation CRS Catholic Relief Service CSN Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria CPFN Christian Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria CSOs Civil Society Organizations
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