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CSIRO OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE 12 Monthly progress report: Sawfish and Glyphis Research Program Richard Pillans March 2016 Client Name: Western Australia Department of Regional Development and Lands (ABN ) 28 807 221 246 Contact person: Eugene Carew CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Citation Pillans, RD (2016). 12 month progress report: Sawfish and Glyphis Research Program CSIRO, Australia. Copyright and disclaimer © 2016 CSIRO To the extent permitted by law, all rights are reserved and no part of this publication covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means except with the written permission of CSIRO. Important disclaimer CSIRO advises that the information contained in this publication comprises general statements based on scientific research. The reader is advised and needs to be aware that such information may be incomplete or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly from using this publication (in part or in whole) and any information or material contained in it. Contents Executive summary ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1 Background ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Sawfish and Glyphis Research Program: Approved research projects for 2015/16 ....................... 7 Wenlock River Glyphis glyphis and sawfish research – ARC linkage grant ...................................... 7 Wenlock River Glyphis glyphis movement: threats from fisheries ................................................. 7 Determining adult G. glyphis habitat in Queensland ...................................................................... 7 Sawfish movement and population status in the FitZroy River ...................................................... 8 Kimberley Sawfish monitoring and indigenous engagement ......................................................... 9 Pristis pristis genome sequencing ................................................................................................... 9 PhD in P. pristis genetics ................................................................................................................. 9 Co-investment with future NESP research .................................................................................... 10 Ongoing communication with Department of Environment ........................................................ 10 Project management and business development ......................................................................... 10 Executive summary This is the 12 monthly progress report for the Sawfish and Glyphis Research Program being conducted by CSIRO. This report contains a summary of the activities conducted to date and research priorities for the next 1-3 years that have been approved by the Chairperson of the Sawfish and Glyphis Recovery Team, Department of Environment. Research priorities for the next two years will include research surveys, capture, tagging and monitoring of sawfish and speartooth sharks in the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia to value add to the recently completed NERP project as well co-investing in future NESP research which commenced in late 2015. In addition to field research to tag animals with acoustic tags and collect tissue samples for genetic analyses, offset funds will also be used to obtain species-specific markers for Pristis pristis and G. garricki that will enable close kin genetic techniques to be used to obtain population estimates of these species in NT, QLD and WA. Funds from the offset project have made a significant contribution to the analysis and interpretation of G. glyphis close kin genetics which has been able to identify half sibling pairs that resulted in the worlds first estimates of adult population siZe in the Northern Territory that were presented to the Department of Environment in December 2014. Offset funds have also made a significant contribution to the understanding of movement patterns and habitat use of juvenile G. glyphis in the Wenlock River, QLD through annual tagging of individuals with acoustic tags and the maintenance and downloading of an array of acoustic receivers in the Wenlock and Ducie River. The Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry is currently reviewing the East Coast Net fishery and these data will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the current management measures and operation of the Gulf of Carpentaria Inshore Fin Fish Fishery in minimising interactions with and mortality of speartooth sharks (G. glyphis), to ensure the survival and recovery of important populations of the species. This may include consideration of, for example, habitats fished, specifications of the gear used, the timing of fishing operations (seasonal, monthly, daily, tidal), etc. Offset funds have also resulted in more than 200 tissue samples of G. glyphis in the Wenlock River, QLD. These samples have recently been analysed and will enable estimates of adult population size for the Queensland population. Estimates of adult population siZe will be completed in 2016 together with estimates of juvenile mortality from the acoustic data. Offset funds were used to fund a successful field trip that resulted in the first records of adult G. glyphis in Australia. In a field trip in October 2015, two adult Speartooth Sharks were captured, measured and tagged with satellite tags. The capture of these two animals provided data on the siZe at maturity for this species which is vital for estimates of population status. The satellite tags are designed to detach from the animals after 90 and 240 days and will hopefully provide data on where adults occur. The distribution of adult G. glyphis remains a key gap in our understanding of this species. This work attracted significant media attention highlighted below. Research in 2016/17 will build on the outcomes of the NERP project and expand to areas in WA and QLD, build on existing collaborations and develop new ones to enable a retrospective analysis of trends in populations of sawfish and Glyphis. With results now starting to flow from the offset funding, CSIRO will soon be in a position to provide promotional material (ie. media friendly text and images) to WADRDL, if that would be of value. CSIRO has committed funds for 0.3 FTE for the duration of the project (10 years) to enable the offset funds to be managed and research priorities to be met. 1 Background The Glyphis and Sawfish research monitoring project will be carried out between 2013 and 2023 by CSIRO in collaboration with relevant state and territory departments, universities and consultants. Research is aimed at improving knowledge on the distribution, movement, mortality and population estimates of Sawfish and Glyphis across northern Australia. Following consultation and agreement from the chairperson of the sawfish and Glyphis Species Recovery Team, CSIRO will allocate funds to selected research programs that address objectives from the draft recovery plan for sawfish and Glyphis that include: • develop research programs to assist conservation of sawfish and Glyphis species ; • improve the information base to allow the development of a quantitative framework to assess the recovery of, and inform management options for sawfish and Glyphis species; • improve community understanding and awareness of sawfish and Glyphis species; • reduce and, where possible, eliminate adverse impacts of habitat degradation and modification on sawfish and Glyphis species • refine research plans on the basis of management needs and information obtained Over the next two years, research surveys, capture, tagging and monitoring of sawfish and Glyphis will focus on rivers and coastal areas in Western Australia (FitZroy River and Kimberley coastline) and Queensland (Wenlock and Ducie Rivers) and continue to support ongoing work in the Northern Territory under NESP. Research funding for NESP has completed surveys of NT and WA rivers for G. garricki to obtain genetic samples. Offset funds will be used to pay for laboratory work costs for extracting and sequencing tissues samples that will result in identification of half sibling pairs as well as the stock status (the degree of geographic variability in WA and NT rivers) of this species being understood. Analysis of the number half sib pairs will enable population estimates of G. garricki to be obtained. A summary of existing and planned projects including the amount that Offset funds have contributed to these is provided in Table 1. 2 Sawfish and Glyphis Research Program: Approved research projects for 2015/16 Wenlock River Glyphis glyphis and sawfish research – ARC linkage grant The recently completed NERP project had a collaborative project with the University of Queensland and Australia Zoo in the Wenlock and Ducie River, Qld. This project is utilising an existing array of ~40 acoustic receivers and an additional 20 receivers deployed by the CSIRO to monitor movement and mortality of Glyphis glyphis and P. pristis in the Wenlock
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