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Historical Magazine
THE WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE Volume 56 January 1973 Number 1 THE PREVOSTS OF THE ROYAL AMERICANS Edward G. Williams peldom in recorded history has there been a group of people who O surpassed in adaptability the Swiss soldiers who entered the Britisharmy in the middle of the eighteenth century expressly to serve in America against the French. Among the company of officers there stands out a family of three brothers and one nephew, all of whom were exceptional in every phase of military life and personal conduct. The brothers Prevost (pronounced Prevo) left an imprint upon the annals of the British army that would be the envy of many a family historian, and nowhere does greater interest attach to their activities than in Pennsylvania west of the Susquehanna River. In fact, there are few parts of western Europe and fewer sections of the English- speaking colonies on this side of the Atlantic Ocean where interest does not attach to their mutifaceted affairs. Ubiquity was the one attribute common to the whole group, and cosmopolitanism, linked with urbanity, was the prime quality that characterized them all. In words of modern expression, "they got around" and "they belonged" in whatever locality, situation, or society they found themselves. Certain members of the family crossed and re- crossed the ocean almost as though modern air travel existed. Two of the Prevosts married American wives, which focused upon the hus- bands an ephemeral kind of fame. Along with Henry Bouquet and Frederick Haldimand, each of the Prevosts placed his individual imprint upon the memorial records of the Royal American Regiment, the King's Royal Rifle Corps of the present day. -
American Revolution End Notes
American Revolution End Notes 1 This article was written by Frank J Rafalko, Chief 12 Letter from George Washington to Governor Jonathan Community Training Branch, National Trumball, November 15, 1775 in which Washington Counterintelligence Center inserted the resolve of Congress he received from John Hancock regarding Church 2 Thomas Hutchinson came from a prominent New England family In 1737, despite his familys 13 This article was written by Frank J Rafalko, Chief, admonishment to him about going into politics, he was Community Training Branch, National elected to the Massachusetts House of Representative Counterintelligence Center He later served as Chief Justice of the colony and then royal governor 14 Col Jacobus Swartwout (d1826), commander of the 3 Francis Bernard was the nephew of Lord Barrington, 2d Dutchess County Regiment of Minute Men the secretary of state for war in London Barrington arranged for Bernard to be appointed as royal governor 15 Johnathan Fowler of New Jersey, but after two years Bernard move to Massachusetts to become royal governor there He was 16 James Kip recalled to London in 1769 17 This article was written by Dan Lovelace, National 4 Dr Benjamin Church Counterintelligence Center 5 AJ Langguth, Patriots The Men Who Started the 18 Carl Van Dorens description of Benedict Arnold in his American Revolution, Simon and Schuster, New York, Secret History of the American Revolution 1988, p 311 19 This article is copyrighted by Eric Evans Rafalko and 6 Edmund R Thompson, ed, Secret New England Spies used with his -
Upper Canada, New York, and the Iroquois Six Nations, 1783-1815 Author(S): Alan Taylor Reviewed Work(S): Source: Journal of the Early Republic, Vol
Society for Historians of the Early American Republic The Divided Ground: Upper Canada, New York, and the Iroquois Six Nations, 1783-1815 Author(s): Alan Taylor Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of the Early Republic, Vol. 22, No. 1 (Spring, 2002), pp. 55-75 Published by: University of Pennsylvania Press on behalf of the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3124858 . Accessed: 02/11/2011 18:25 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. University of Pennsylvania Press and Society for Historians of the Early American Republic are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Early Republic. http://www.jstor.org THE DIVIDED GROUND: UPPER CANADA, NEW YORK, AND THE IROQUOIS SIX NATIONS, 1783-1815 AlanTaylor In recentyears, historians have paid increasing attention to bordersand borderlandsas fluidsites of bothnational formation and local contestation. At theirperipheries, nations and empires assert their power and define their identitywith no certainty of success.Nation-making and border-making are inseparablyintertwined. Nations and empires, however, often reap defiance frompeoples uneasily bisected by theimposed boundaries. This process of border-making(and border-defiance)has been especiallytangled in the Americaswhere empires and republicsprojected their ambitions onto a geographyoccupied and defined by Indians.Imperial or nationalvisions ran up against the tangled complexities of interdependentpeoples, both native and invader. -
Ireland: an Island of Cultural Variety
1 INTRODUCTION IRELAND: AN ISLAND OF CULTURAL VARIETY Throughout its history, Ulster, the northern province of Ireland, has been a place where many different peoples have left their influence. In the last millennium Vikings, Anglo-Normans, Huguenots, Moravians, Italians, Jews and many others have settled here. The strongest cultural influences, however, have been English, Irish and Scottish, a triple blend that has given Ulster its distinctive character. At the narrowest part, only 13 miles separate Ulster – Ireland’s northern province – and Scotland. The sea has been a bridge rather than a barrier. Almost 2 million people make the crossing by ferry every year. THREE NAMES FOR THE SAME PEOPLE Ulster-Scots, Scotch-Irish and Scots-Irish are three names for a people whose origins can be traced to Scotland. In Ulster, where they settled in large numbers in the 1600s, they are known as the Ulster-Scots. In America, they are known as the Scotch-Irish or Scots-Irish. All three terms have a long pedigree – the earliest recorded use of ‘Scotch-Irish’ can be found in Maryland in 1690. THE SCOTCH-IRISH AND AMERICA Over the centuries Scotch-Irish families have travelled to every corner of the globe in search of new lives and new opportunities. In the United States their influence has been huge and their legacy includes pioneers, presidents, military commanders, religious leaders, educators, philanthropists Only two names appear on the printed Declaration of Independence. and giants of industry and commerce. John Hancock is thought to have had County Down ancestry, while Charles Thomson was born in County Londonderry. -
Alden T Vaughan FRONTIER BANDITTI and the INDIANS: THE
Alden T Vaughan COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY FRONTIER BANDITTI AND THE INDIANS: THE PAXTON BOYS' LEGACY, 1763-1775 QN September 13, 1766, Secretary of State for the Southern 0 }Department, Lord Shelburne, addressed a circular letter to the governors of Britain's North American colonies. "His Majesty's Super- intendents for Indian Affairs," he wrote with evident consternation, report "that the most unprovoked violences and Murthers have lately been committed on the Indians . .. whose Tribes are at present in Peace and Amity with His Majesty's Provinces, and that the offenders have not yet been discovered and brought to Justice." The danger was imminent and immense. In conjunction with frequent encroachments on Indian lands and sharp practices by colonists engaged in the Indian trade, recent crimes against friendly Indians threatened to embroil British America in a massive Indian war. Through Shelburne's letter, King George commanded his governors "to remedy and prevent those Evils, which are as contrary to the Rules of good Policy as of Justice and Equity."' Pennsylvania was one of the most culpable colonies.2 Until the 1750s, William Penn's American province had enjoyed unparalleled peace with its Indian inhabitants; when abuses of Indians occasionally occurred, colonial authorities had generally administered impartial justice.3 That idyllic picture changed dramatically in the mid 1750s. The French and Indian War brought several years of frontier carnage that returned, after a brief lapse, during Pontiac's uprising of 1763. Although peace was soon restored, interracial harmony was not. Frontier frustrations and racial antagonism reached a symbolic climax in December 1763 when a band of Lancaster County ruffians slaugh- tered twenty friendly Indians and attempted, several weeks later, to I 2 PENNSYLVANIA HISTORY wreak the same vigilante violence on 140 Christian Indians sheltered in Philadelphia. -
Tallshiptuesdays
TallShipTuesdays Historical Context The British government made Boston pay a high price for destroying the tea in the Boston Tea Party. The busy port of Boston, on which most Bostonians depended, was closed. More redcoats arrived. But resistance to British rule kept growing. Many young people followed their parents’ example in standing up to the British, although their concerns were not necessarily about taxation. Sometimes they were more concerned with enjoying their favorite sports and other activities. Sometimes, too, the British officers tried to be good neighbors. Our example of this “good neighbor policy” is described in a letter written on January 29, 1775, by John Andrews of Boston to his brother-in-law in Philadelphia. It tells about a group of boys who complained to British General Frederick Haldimand when his servant ruined their favorite sledding hill by spreading ashes on it. The General listened to them and ordered his servant to repair the damage. Andrew’s letter went on to say that when British General Thomas Gage, who was the governor of Massachusetts, heard about the incident, he observed that “it was impossible to beat the notion of Liberty out of the people, as it was rooted in ‘em from their Childhood.” Did You Know…? • “Coasting” or “sledding” was popular among children in colonial times. Sherburn’s Hill in Boston was a favorite of several generations of Americans. • Colonial children played some games that children still play today—Hide-and-Seek, Blindman’s Bluf, lacrosse, hopscotch and jump rope. They also flew kites! • Most dolls were made of wooden pegs and many were nicely dressed with homemade clothing. -
William Marsh, 'A Rather Shadowy Figure
William Marsh, ‘a rather shadowy figure,’ crossed boundaries both national and political Vermont holds a unique but little-known place in eighteenth-century American and Canadian history. During the 1770s William Marsh and many others who had migrated from Connecticut and Massachusetts to take up lands granted by New Hampshire Governor Benning Wentworth, faced severe chal- lenges to their land titles because New York also claimed the area between the Connecticut and Hudson rivers, known as “the New Hampshire Grants.” New York’s aggressive pursuit of its claims generated strong political tensions and an- imosity. When the American Revolution began, the settlers on the Grants joined the patriot cause, expecting that a new national regime would counter New York and recognize their titles. During the war the American Continental Congress declined to deal with the New Hampshire settlers’ claims. When the Grants settlers then proposed to become a state separate from New York, the Congress denied them separate status. As a consequence, the New Hampshire grantees declared independence in 1777 and in 1778 constituted themselves as an independent republic named Vermont, which existed until 1791 when it became the 14th state in the Ameri- can Union. Most of the creators of Vermont played out their roles, and their lives ended in obscurity. Americans remember Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys and their military actions early in the Revolution. But Allen was a British captive during the critical years of Vermont’s formation, 1775-1778. A few oth- ers, some of them later Loyalists, laid the foundations for Vermont’s recognition and stability. -
Florida Historical Quarterly
COVER British East Florida reached from the St. Marys River on the north to the Apalachicola River on the west and its capital stood at St. Augustine. The province of West Florida extended westward to the Mississippi River and to the thirty-first parallel on the north (and after 1764 to thirty-two degrees twenty-eight minutes). Pensacola served as its capital. Guillaume Delisle published his “Carte du Mexique et de la Floride des Terres Angloises et des Isles Antilles du Cours et des Environs de la Rivière de Mississippi,” in his Atlas Nouveau, vol. 2, no. 29 (Amsterdam, 1741[?]). The map first appeared in Paris in 1703. This portion of the map is repro- duced from a copy (1722 PKY 76) in the P. K. Yonge Library of Florida His- tory, University of Florida, Gainesville. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Volume LIV, Number 4 April 1976 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY SAMUEL PROCTOR, Editor STEPHEN KERBER, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD LUIS R. ARANA Castillo de San Marcos, St. Augustine HERBERT J. DOHERTY, JR. University of Florida JOHN K. MAHON University of Florida WILLIAM W. ROGERS Florida State University JERRELL H. SHOFNER Florida Technological University CHARLTON W. TEBEAU University of Miami Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and interest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. -
The Science of Territorial Domination in General Haldimand's Defence Of
Document generated on 10/02/2021 2:58 p.m. Scientia Canadensis Canadian Journal of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine Revue canadienne d'histoire des sciences, des techniques et de la médecine The Science of Territorial Domination in General Haldimand’s Defence of Quebec, 1778-1783 Sarah Katherine Gibson Volume 34, Number 2, 2011 Article abstract In General Haldimand’s little-studied administration of Quebec during the URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1014347ar American Revolutionary War, military strategy depended upon gathering DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1014347ar information about the natural environment. Haldimand preserved Quebec for the British not by force, but by applying continental modes of territorial See table of contents domination. Rather than secure the St. Lawrence Valley in an intimidating show of military force, Haldimand sought to secure the vitality of the fur trade along the Great Lakes corridor. This endeavor required Haldimand to look for Publisher(s) the natural laws that created unity out of the social and geographic territory he had to defend, and to protect the most vital links: the economic currents and CSTHA/AHSTC the transportation system. Thus, the Royal Engineers took precedence over other military officers as they collected a large body of information about the ISSN natural environment of the Great Lakes region. They drew maps, sounded bodies of water, and made meteorological observations, turning pleasant bays 0829-2507 (print) into safe harbors. The knowledge gathered replaced Mississaugan perspectives 1918-7750 (digital) of the land, revised French information and set the agenda for Loyalist settlement in the region. -
Murder and Mayhem: How the Creek Murders Affected British Policy on Indian Affairs in Georgia During the American Revolution
Journal of Backcountry Studies Murder and Mayhem: How the Creek Murders Affected British Policy on Indian Affairs in Georgia during the American Revolution BY KELSEY GRIFFIN On that infamous date of December 16, 1773 a group of disgruntled Whigs disguised as Native Americans protested the tax on British tea by quietly dumping boxes of the precious commodity into the dark and gloomy waters of Boston Harbor. The incident, which came to be known as the Boston Tea Party, has received a great deal of attention by historians of the Revolution as it inaugurated a year of heightened tension between the rebel colonists and the British administration. More precisely, it prompted the passage of the Coercive or “Intolerable” Acts in Massachusetts Bay. As significant as these turns of events are, when historians focus too much of their attention on the vicinity of New England, they miss a significant part of the pre-Revolutionary story. Less than ten days after the famed Boston Tea Party transpired, another dramatic incident unfolded further South—one which greatly attenuated America’s already estranged relationship with the Crown, thereby pushing the colonies one step closer to Independence. December 25, 1773. A hunting party of six Creek Indians from the Lower Creek town of Coweta attacked and murdered a man named William White and his family at their new settlement on the Ogeechee River in the colony of Georgia. Less than one month later, a larger party of about twenty Coweta Creek Indians conducted a second raid. This time, the roving band killed a man named Shirrol along with four other white males and two black slaves. -
Jews and the Sources of Religious Freedom in Early Pennsylvania
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 4-3-2018 Jews and the Sources of Religious Freedom in Early Pennsylvania Jonathon Derek Awtrey Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Cultural History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Political History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Awtrey, Jonathon Derek, "Jews and the Sources of Religious Freedom in Early Pennsylvania" (2018). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 4544. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4544 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. JEWS AND THE SOURCES OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN EARLY PENNSYLVANIA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of History by Jonathon Derek Awtrey B.S. University of West Georgia, 2007 M.A. University of West Georgia, 2009 May 2018 For Christina, Sandra, Cole, Val, Suzy, April, Les, Carolyn, John, Nita, Kevin, and families ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The years of research, writing, and revision that resulted in this dissertation derived from conversations with family members, friends, colleagues, trusted mentors, and other scholars, archivists, and editors. My entire family, but especially my mother and sisters, have sustained my intellectual curiosity from an early age. -
How Ethan Allen and His Brothers Chased Success in the Real Estate Business
A grand plan: Flirting with treason How Ethan Allen and his brothers chased success in the real estate business John J. Duffy Ira Allen 1751-1814 Bennington Museum collection In memorials produced long after his death in 1789, Ethan Allen has been remembered in statues in Vermont and in the Congressional Hall of Statuary in Washington, DC; in military posts named for him in Virginia during the Civil War and in Colchester, Vermont, an 1890s post, its original structures now residential and commercial sites. Though Allen sailed the seas only as a British prisoner in 1776, two Union coastal defense boats dis- played his name in the 1860s. A century later, the nuclear submarine Ethan Allen fired the first nuclear-tipped missile from below the ocean’s surface in the early 1960s. Ethan is probably best remembered from mostly fictional tales and stories about his heroic and other deeds, especially the pre-dawn capture of the British forts at Ticonderoga and Crown Point in May 1775 during the earliest months of the American War for Independence from Great Britain. Some say he was the most important founder of Vermont. On that latter point, however, remembrances of Ethan Allen seem to forget that he was far from Vermont when the state’s independence was de- Walloomsack Review 14 clared in 1777. He had been a prisoner of the British since September 1775 when he was captured after foolishly attacking Montreal with only one-hun- dred poorly armed Americans and Canadians against a force of five-hundred defenders – British regulars, Loyalist militia, and Mohawk warriors.