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Petition to List Eight Species of Pomacentrid Reef Fish, Including the Orange Clownfish and Seven Damselfish, As Threatened Or Endangered Under the U.S
BEFORE THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE PETITION TO LIST EIGHT SPECIES OF POMACENTRID REEF FISH, INCLUDING THE ORANGE CLOWNFISH AND SEVEN DAMSELFISH, AS THREATENED OR ENDANGERED UNDER THE U.S. ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion percula) photo by flickr user Jan Messersmith CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY SUBMITTED SEPTEMBER 13, 2012 Notice of Petition Rebecca M. Blank Acting Secretary of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Ave, NW Washington, D.C. 20230 Email: [email protected] Samuel Rauch Acting Assistant Administrator for Fisheries NOAA Fisheries National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 1315 East-West Highway Silver Springs, MD 20910 E-mail: [email protected] PETITIONER Center for Biological Diversity 351 California Street, Suite 600 San Francisco, CA 94104 Tel: (415) 436-9682 _____________________ Date: September 13, 2012 Shaye Wolf, Ph.D. Miyoko Sakashita Center for Biological Diversity Pursuant to Section 4(b) of the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”), 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b), Section 553(3) of the Administrative Procedures Act, 5 U.S.C. § 553(e), and 50 C.F.R.§ 424.14(a), the Center for Biological Diversity hereby petitions the Secretary of Commerce and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”), through the National Marine Fisheries Service (“NMFS” or “NOAA Fisheries”), to list eight pomacentrid reef fish and to designate critical habitat to ensure their survival. The Center for Biological Diversity (“Center”) is a non-profit, public interest environmental organization dedicated to the protection of imperiled species and their habitats through science, policy, and environmental law. The Center has more than 350,000 members and online activists throughout the United States. -
Anthopleura and the Phylogeny of Actinioidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria)
Org Divers Evol (2017) 17:545–564 DOI 10.1007/s13127-017-0326-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Anthopleura and the phylogeny of Actinioidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) M. Daly1 & L. M. Crowley2 & P. Larson1 & E. Rodríguez2 & E. Heestand Saucier1,3 & D. G. Fautin4 Received: 29 November 2016 /Accepted: 2 March 2017 /Published online: 27 April 2017 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2017 Abstract Members of the sea anemone genus Anthopleura by the discovery that acrorhagi and verrucae are are familiar constituents of rocky intertidal communities. pleisiomorphic for the subset of Actinioidea studied. Despite its familiarity and the number of studies that use its members to understand ecological or biological phe- Keywords Anthopleura . Actinioidea . Cnidaria . Verrucae . nomena, the diversity and phylogeny of this group are poor- Acrorhagi . Pseudoacrorhagi . Atomized coding ly understood. Many of the taxonomic and phylogenetic problems stem from problems with the documentation and interpretation of acrorhagi and verrucae, the two features Anthopleura Duchassaing de Fonbressin and Michelotti, 1860 that are used to recognize members of Anthopleura.These (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) is one of the most anatomical features have a broad distribution within the familiar and well-known genera of sea anemones. Its members superfamily Actinioidea, and their occurrence and exclu- are found in both temperate and tropical rocky intertidal hab- sivity are not clear. We use DNA sequences from the nu- itats and are abundant and species-rich when present (e.g., cleus and mitochondrion and cladistic analysis of verrucae Stephenson 1935; Stephenson and Stephenson 1972; and acrorhagi to test the monophyly of Anthopleura and to England 1992; Pearse and Francis 2000). -
Understanding Transformative Forces of Aquaculture in the Marine Aquarium Trade
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library Summer 8-22-2020 Senders, Receivers, and Spillover Dynamics: Understanding Transformative Forces of Aquaculture in the Marine Aquarium Trade Bryce Risley University of Maine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Risley, Bryce, "Senders, Receivers, and Spillover Dynamics: Understanding Transformative Forces of Aquaculture in the Marine Aquarium Trade" (2020). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3314. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3314 This Open-Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SENDERS, RECEIVERS, AND SPILLOVER DYNAMICS: UNDERSTANDING TRANSFORMATIVE FORCES OF AQUACULTURE IN THE MARINE AQUARIUM TRADE By Bryce Risley B.S. University of New Mexico, 2014 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Marine Policy and Marine Biology) The Graduate School The University of Maine May 2020 Advisory Committee: Joshua Stoll, Assistant Professor of Marine Policy, Co-advisor Nishad Jayasundara, Assistant Professor of Marine Biology, Co-advisor Aaron Strong, Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies (Hamilton College) Christine Beitl, Associate Professor of Anthropology Douglas Rasher, Senior Research Scientist of Marine Ecology (Bigelow Laboratory) Heather Hamlin, Associate Professor of Marine Biology No photograph in this thesis may be used in another work without written permission from the photographer. -
1. Dinoflagellate Chemotaxis and Attraction to Fish Products…………………………………………………………
ABSTRACT CANCELLIERI, PAUL JOSEPH. Chemosensory Attraction of Pfiesteria spp. to Fish Secreta. (Under the direction of Dr. JoAnn M. Burkholder). Dinoflagellates represent a diverse group of both auxotrophic and heterotrophic protists. Most heterotrophic dinoflagellates are raptorial feeders that encounter prey using “temporal-gradient sensing” chemotaxis wherein cells move along a chemical gradient in a directed manner toward the highest concentration. Using short-term “memory” to determine the orientation of the gradient, dinoflagellates swim in a “run- and-tumble” pattern, alternating directed swimming with rapid changes in orientation. As the extracellular concentration of the attractant increases, a corresponding increase in the ratio of net-to-gross displacement results in overall movement toward the stimulus. The dinoflagellates Pfiesteria piscicida and P. shumwayae are heterotrophic estuarine species with complex life cycles that include amoeboid, flagellated, and cyst stages, that have been implicated as causative agents in numerous major fish kills in the southeastern United States These organisms show documented “ambush-predator” behavior toward live fish in culture, including rapid transformations among stages and directed swimming toward fish prey in a manner that suggests the presence of a strong signalling relationship between live fish and cells of Pfiesteria spp. Zoospores of the two species of Pfiesteria can be divided into three functional types: TOX-A designates actively toxic isolates fed on fish prey; TOX-B refers to temporarily non-toxic cultures that have recently (1 week to 6 months) been removed from fish prey (and fed alternative algal prey); and NON-IND refers to isolates without apparent ichthyotoxic ability (tested as unable to kill fish in the standardized fish bioassay process; or without access to fish for ca. -
Embryonic Development of Percula Clownfish, Amphiprion Percula (Lacepede, 1802)
Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 4 (2): 84-89, 2009 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2009 Embryonic Development of Percula Clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacepede, 1802) 11K.V. Dhaneesh, T.T. Ajith Kumar and 2T. Shunmugaraj 1Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University Parangipettai-608 502, Tamilnadu, India 2Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India Abstract: The Percula clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacepede, 1802) were reared in marine ornamental fish hatchery by using estuarine water to study their spawning behaviour, egg deposition and embryonic development. The spawning was recorded year round with the reproductive cycle between 14-21 days. The eggs were adhesive type, capsule shaped and bright orange in colour measuring 2.0-2.3 mm length and 1.0-1.2 mm width containing fat globules. The process of embryonic development was divided into 26 stages based on the morphological characteristics of the developing embryo. The time elapsed for each embryonic developmental stage was recorded. Hatching took place 151-152 hours after fertilization. Key words: Percula clownfish Captive condition Morphology Embryonic development INTRODUCTION transported to the hatchery at Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, The anemonefish, Amphiprion percula is a tropical Tamil Nadu, India. For the better health and survival, the coral reef fish belonging to the family Pomacentridae fishes and anemones were packed in individual polythene and sub family Amphiprioninae and they are one of the bags filled with sufficient oxygen. After transportation, most popular attractions in the marine ornamental fish the fishes and anemones were accommodated in a trade. -
Molecular Evolution of Ultraviolet Visual Opsins and Spectral Tuning Of
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.09.139766; this version posted June 10, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Seeing Nemo: molecular evolution of ultraviolet visual opsins and spectral tuning of photoreceptors in anemonefishes (Amphiprioninae) Laurie J. Mitchell 1, Karen L. Cheney 1, Wen-Sung Chung 2, N. Justin Marshall 2, Kyle Michie 2, 3, Fabio Cortesi 2 1 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia 2 Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia 3 King’s College, Cambridge, CB2 1ST, UK *Corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Visual opsins, spectral tuning, reef fish vision, anemonefishes, ultraviolet, gene duplication Abstract Many animals can see short-wavelength or ultraviolet (UV) light (shorter than 400 nm) undetectable to human vision. UV vision may have functional importance in many taxa including for foraging and communication in birds, reptiles, insects and teleost fishes. Shallow coral reefs transmit a broad spectrum of light and are rich in UV; driving the evolution of diverse spectral sensitivities in teleost reef fishes, including UV-sensitivity. However, the identities and sites of the specific visual genes that underly vision in reef fishes remain elusive and are useful in determining how molecular evolution has tuned vision to meet the ecological demands of life on the reef. -
Analgesic and Neuromodulatory Effects of Sea Anemone Stichodactyla Mertensii (Brandt, 1835) Methanolic Extract from Southeast Coast of India
Vol. 7(30), pp. 2180-2200, 15 August, 2013 DOI 10.5897/AJPP2013.3599 African Journal of Pharmacy and ISSN 1996-0816 © 2013 Academic Journals http://www.academicjournals.org/AJPP Pharmacology Full Length Research Paper Analgesic and neuromodulatory effects of sea anemone Stichodactyla mertensii (Brandt, 1835) methanolic extract from southeast coast of India Sadhasivam Sudharsan1, Palaniappan Seedevi1, Umapathy Kanagarajan2, Rishikesh S. Dalvi2,3, Subodh Guptha2, Nalini Poojary2, Vairamani Shanmugam1, Alagiri Srinivasan4 and Annaian Shanmugam1* 1Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608 502, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Off Yari Road, Versova, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India. 3Maharshi Dayanand College, Dr. S.S. Rao Road, Mangaldas Verma Chowk, Parel, Mumbai-400012, Maharashtra, India. 4Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110 029, India. Accepted 8 July, 2013 The biological activity of crude methanolic extract (CME) of sea anemone Stichodactyla mertensii was screened. The CME was fractionated using diethylaminoethyl (DEAE – cellulose) and screened for hemolytic activity, mice bioassay, analegsic activity and neuromodulatory activity. The presence of protein was estimated to be 0.292 mg/ml in crude, followed by 0.153, 0.140 and 0.092 mg/ml in Fractions 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The crude extract and 3 fractions showed the hemolytic activity of 109.58, 52.28, 57.14, 43.47 HT/mg on chicken blood, while in human blood it was recorded as 27.39 and 26.14 HT/mg in crude and F1 fraction and 26.14, 28.57 HT/mg in F1, F2 fractions of ‘AB’ and ‘O’ blood groups. -
Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion Percula)
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-52 April 2016 doi:10.7289/V5J10152 Status Review Report: Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion percula) Kimberly A. Maison and Krista S. Graham Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce About this document The mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is to understand and predict changes in the Earth’s environment and to conserve and manage coastal and oceanic marine resources and habitats to help meet our Nation’s economic, social, and environmental needs. As a branch of NOAA, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) conducts or sponsors research and monitoring programs to improve the scientific basis for conservation and management decisions. NMFS strives to make information about the purpose, methods, and results of its scientific studies widely available. NMFS’ Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS series to achieve timely dissemination of scientific and technical information that is of high quality but inappropriate for publication in the formal peer- reviewed literature. The contents are of broad scope, including technical workshop proceedings, large data compilations, status reports and reviews, lengthy scientific or statistical monographs, and more. NOAA Technical Memoranda published by the PIFSC, although informal, are subjected to extensive review and editing and reflect sound professional work. Accordingly, they may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. A NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS issued by the PIFSC may be cited using the following format: Maison, K. A., and K. S. Graham. 2016. Status Review Report: Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion percula). -
Download Fishlore.Com's Saltwater Aquarium and Reef Tank E-Book
Updated: August 6, 2013 This e-Book is FREE for public use. Commercial use prohibited. Copyright FishLore.com – providing tropical fish tank and aquarium fish information for freshwater fish and saltwater fish keepers. FishLore.com Saltwater Aquarium & Reef Tank e-Book 1 CONTENTS Foreword .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Why Set Up an Aquarium? .............................................................................................................. 12 Aquarium Types ............................................................................................................................... 14 Aquarium Electrical Safety ............................................................................................................... 15 Aquarium Fish Cruelty Through Ignorance ..................................................................................... 17 The Aquarium Nitrogen Cycle ......................................................................................................... 19 Aquarium Filter and Fish Tank Filtration ......................................................................................... 24 Saltwater Aquarium Types - FOWLR, Fish Only with Live Rock, Reef Tank .................................... 30 Freshwater Aquarium vs. Saltwater Aquarium ............................................................................... 33 Saltwater Aquarium Tank Setup Guide .......................................................................................... -
The Global Trade in Marine Ornamental Species
From Ocean to Aquarium The global trade in marine ornamental species Colette Wabnitz, Michelle Taylor, Edmund Green and Tries Razak From Ocean to Aquarium The global trade in marine ornamental species Colette Wabnitz, Michelle Taylor, Edmund Green and Tries Razak ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS UNEP World Conservation This report would not have been The authors would like to thank Helen Monitoring Centre possible without the participation of Corrigan for her help with the analyses 219 Huntingdon Road many colleagues from the Marine of CITES data, and Sarah Ferriss for Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK Aquarium Council, particularly assisting in assembling information Tel: +44 (0) 1223 277314 Aquilino A. Alvarez, Paul Holthus and and analysing Annex D and GMAD data Fax: +44 (0) 1223 277136 Peter Scott, and all trading companies on Hippocampus spp. We are grateful E-mail: [email protected] who made data available to us for to Neville Ash for reviewing and editing Website: www.unep-wcmc.org inclusion into GMAD. The kind earlier versions of the manuscript. Director: Mark Collins assistance of Akbar, John Brandt, Thanks also for additional John Caldwell, Lucy Conway, Emily comments to Katharina Fabricius, THE UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION Corcoran, Keith Davenport, John Daphné Fautin, Bert Hoeksema, Caroline MONITORING CENTRE is the biodiversity Dawes, MM Faugère et Gavand, Cédric Raymakers and Charles Veron; for assessment and policy implemen- Genevois, Thomas Jung, Peter Karn, providing reprints, to Alan Friedlander, tation arm of the United Nations Firoze Nathani, Manfred Menzel, Julie Hawkins, Sherry Larkin and Tom Environment Programme (UNEP), the Davide di Mohtarami, Edward Molou, Ogawa; and for providing the picture on world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organization. -
Assessment of the Flame Angelfish (Centropyge Loriculus) As a Model Species in Studies on Egg and Larval Quality in Marine Fishes Chatham K
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library 8-2007 Assessment of the Flame Angelfish (Centropyge loriculus) as a Model Species in Studies on Egg and Larval Quality in Marine Fishes Chatham K. Callan Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Callan, Chatham K., "Assessment of the Flame Angelfish (Centropyge loriculus) as a Model Species in Studies on Egg and Larval Quality in Marine Fishes" (2007). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 126. http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/126 This Open-Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. ASSESSMENT OF THE FLAME ANGELFISH (Centropyge loriculus) AS A MODEL SPECIES IN STUDIES ON EGG AND LARVAL QUALITY IN MARINE FISHES By Chatham K. Callan B.S. Fairleigh Dickinson University, 1997 M.S. University of Maine, 2000 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (in Marine Biology) The Graduate School The University of Maine August, 2007 Advisory Committee: David W. Townsend, Professor of Oceanography, Advisor Linda Kling, Associate Professor of Aquaculture and Fish Nutrition, Co-Advisor Denise Skonberg, Associate Professor of Food Science Mary Tyler, Professor of Biological Science Christopher Brown, Professor of Marine Science (Florida International University) LIBRARY RIGHTS STATEMENT In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Maine, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for inspection. -
Stichodactyla Gigantea and Heteractis Magnifica) at Two Small Islands in Kimbe Bay
Fine-scale population structure of two anemones (Stichodactyla gigantea and Heteractis magnifica) in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea Thesis by Remy Gatins Aubert In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science in Marine Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia December 2014 2 The thesis of Remy Gatins Aubert is approved by the examination committee. Committee Chairperson: Dr. Michael Berumen Committee Member: Dr. Xabier Irigoien Committee Member: Dr. Pablo Saenz-Agudelo Committee Member: Dr. Anna Scott EXAMINATION COMMITTEE APPROVALS FORM 3 COPYRIGHT PAGE © 2014 Remy Gatins Aubert All Rights Reserved 4 ABSTRACT Fine-scale population structure of two anemones (Stichodactyla gigantea and Heteractis magnifica) in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea. Anemonefish are one of the main groups that have been used over the last decade to empirically measure larval dispersal and connectivity in coral reef populations. A few species of anemones are integral to the life history of these fish, as well as other obligate symbionts, yet the biology and population structure of these anemones remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to measure the genetic structure of these anemones within and between two reefs in order to assess their reproductive mode and dispersal potential. To do this, we sampled almost exhaustively two anemones species (Stichodactyla gigantea and Heteractis magnifica) at two small islands in Kimbe Bay (Papua New Guinea) separated by approximately 25 km. Both the host anemones and the anemonefish are heavily targeted for the aquarium trade, in addition to the populations being affected by bleaching pressures (Hill and Scott 2012; Hobbs et al.