Ibi-So Names for Plants and Animals

Ibi-So names for Plants and Animals

edited by Jeffrey Heath and Steven Moran

This document was created from Tsammalex on 2015-05-13.

Tsammalex is published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and should be cited as

Christfried Naumann & Steven Moran & Guillaume Segerer & Robert Forkel (eds.) 2015. Tsammalex: A lexical database on plants and animals. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at http://tsammalex.clld.org, Accessed on 2015-05-13.)

A full list of contributors is available at http://tsammalex.clld.org/contributors

The list of references cited in this document is available at http://tsammalex.clld.org/sources http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Arachnida

Order: Prostigmata

Family: Leeuwenhoekiidae

Dinothrombium tinctorium . • àgá:-nà . "small scarlet-red velvet mite that emerges in fields after rains". Lit. "sky-mother".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Solifugae

Family: Galeodidae

Galeodes olivieri Simon, 1879 . • yó:gò-yó:gò . "wind scorpion, sun scorpion".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

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Class: Chilopoda

Order: Scolopendromorpha

Family: Scolopendridae

Scolopendra . • sǒŋ mwɛ̀:ⁿ . "large biting centipede (scolopender)".

(CC) BY © Sam Fraser-Smith

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-SA © Matt Reinbold Languages Project

Class: Diplopoda

Order: Spirostreptida

Family: Spirostreptidae

Archispirostreptus . • kàrⁿùkɔ́:ⁿ . "giant millipede".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Class: Insecta

Order: Coleoptera

Family: Cetoniidae

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Pachnoda cordata (Drury, 1773) . • kɛ̀:-búⁿ . "millet-eating cetonid beetle sp. (orange with large black blotches)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-SA © Languages Project Languages Project

Pachnoda marginata (Drury, 1773) . • kɛ̀:-búⁿ . "cetonid beetle sp., dark with orange margin, in tree flowers".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Rhabdotis sobrina (Gory & Percheron, 1833) . • kɛ̀:-búⁿ . "cetonid beetle sp., dark green with white streaks and spots, in sheath in ground (said to eat acacia flowers)".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY © Biodiversity Heritage Library

Order: Diptera

Family: Tachinidae

Musca . • bɔ̀rɔ̀-dɛ̂: . "banana".

Sarcophaga . • ɲèŋgɛ̀ⁿ-bɔ̀mɔ́ . "large, sluggish flesh fly".

(CC) PUBLICDOMAIN © Jan Moravec (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide Languages Project (UK)

Order: Hemiptera

Family: Coreidae

Anoplocnemis curvipes . • kɛ̀: kú:ⁿ . "tip wilter bug (leaf-footed bug, legume-eatiing)".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Order: Hymenoptera

Family: Apidae

Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 . • ɲǒyⁿ . "honey bee".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY © Treesha Duncan

Family: Eumenidae

Delta emarginatum (Linnaeus, 1758) . • jú-jǒŋ . "black mud wasp (mud-dauber)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA ©

Polistes . • nánù . "brownish paper wasp sp. with yellow cross-bands, nest in leaves".

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(CC) BY-NC © Biopix (CC) BY © Miroslav Deml (CC) BY-NC-SA © Flickr

Family: Formicidae

Camponotus maculatus (Fabricius, 1782) . • tó:ɲɛ̂: . "honey ant (yellow, fast-moving)".

(CC) BY-SA © April Nobile (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Messor . • kɛ᷈:y . "large black grain-eating ant sp. in fields".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © April Nobile (CC) BY-NC-SA © April Nobile Languages Project

Pachycondyla . • mì-mìrⁿì gâ:r . "stinging black ant sp.". Lit. "ant bitter".

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• mì-mìrⁿì sígîr . "stinging black ant sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © April Nobile Languages Project (CC) BY-NC-SA © April Nobile

Order: Orthoptera

Family: Acrididae

Acanthacris ruficornis citrina . • kì-kà: bá:-dòŋò . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © gailhampshire (CC) BY-SA ©

Acorypha clara . • dúm-kèlè . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

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Acorypha glaucopsis . • dúm-kèlè . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Anacridium melanorhodon . • kóró-ká:jà . "grasshopper sp. (tree locust)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Cataloipus cymbiferus . • sòŋ-[kì-kǎ:] . "grasshopper sp.". Lit. "horse-grasshopper".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Diabolocatantops axillaris . • kà:-pɔ̀rú . "grasshopper sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Heteracris annulosa . • kòŋòtô: kì-kà: . "grasshopper sp.". Lit. "Leptadenia's grasshopper".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Hieroglyphus daganensis . • yɛ̀:-púlɔ̀ . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Kraussaria angulifera . • yɛ̀:-bɔ̂y . "grasshopper sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Kraussella amabile . • pɛ̀jù-[kì-kå:] . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Oedaleus senegalensis . • pɛ̀lɛ̀m-pɛ̂y . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-SA © Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Ornithacris cavroisi . • kà:-pèlêm . "grasshopper sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

PD ©

Orthacanthacris humilicrus . • kì-kà: bá:-dòŋò . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Family: Pyrgomorphidae

Poekilocerus bufonius hieroglyphicus . • pòbú kì-kà: . "grasshopper sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

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Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Characiformes

Family: Alestidae

Brycinus . • is̀sì-sámnáy . "small and mid-sized sardine-like fish spp.".

(CC) BY ©

(CC) BY-SA ©

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Mochokidae

Synodontis schall . • mbárⁿí: ìjù . "spiny upside-down catfish sp.". Lit. "baby's fish".

(CC) BY-SA © Peter van der Sluijs

Class: Amphibia

Order: Anura

Family: Bufonidae

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Amietophrynus xeros (Tandy, Tandy, Keith and Duff-MacKay, 1976) . • gàŋgùjú . "subdesert toad".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Family: Dicroglossidae

Hoplobatrachus occipitalis (Günther, 1858) . • gòyⁿ ná . "groove-crowned bullfrog".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Class: Aves

Order: Accipitriformes

Family: Accipitridae

Accipiter badius (Gmelin, 1788) . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 28-30 cm; grey plumage above; russet barring below; yellow legs and cere. (Sinclair 1994: 86) • gěwⁿ-jàbúrù . "shikra (sparrowhawk)".

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(CC) BY-SA © J.M.Garg

(CC) BY-SA © Ravi Vaidyanathan

Gyps rueppellii (A. E. Brehm, 1852) . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 115 cm, brown plumage; wings with dark flight feathers and pale linings. (Sinclair 1994: 70) • dùbɔ́ . "Rueppell's griffon vulture".

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Gerald and Buff Corsi PD © PD ©

Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 56 cm; long forked tail; dark plumage. (Sinclair 1994: 88) • jɛ̀mɛ̀-kómó . "kite (hawk)".

(CC) BY-SA © Thomas Kraft (CC) BY-NC © inaturalist

(CC) BY-SA ©

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Order: Anseriformes

Family: Anatidae

Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 53 cm; brown, black and white speckled plumage; large bill; male in breeding season: green head; white chest; brown belly; blue feathers on the forewing. Biotope: freshwater, coast. (Sinclair 1994: 68) • òrú tàgàyɛ̀rɛ̀ . "northern shoveler (duck)".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA ©

Order: Apodiformes

Family: Apodidae

Apus affinis (J. E. Gray, 1830) . • werè-wérè . "little African swift".

(CC) MARK © creator:Thomas Hardwicke

Order: Bucerotiformes

Family: Bucorvidae

Bucorvus abyssinicus (Boddaert, 1783) . • gìrè-gêwⁿ . "Abyssinian ground hornbill".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Burhinidae

Burhinus capensis (Lichtenstein, 1823) . • àgrè-màŋ-gǎy^ . "spotted thick-knee".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-SA © Jutta ? unknown (CC) BY-SA © Cburnett? Languages Project

Family: Charadriidae

Vanellus tectus (Boddaert, 1783) . • tɛ̀n-tɛ̀rⁿɛ̂wⁿ . "black-headed lapwing (plover)".

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(CC) BY-NC-SA © Bernard DUPONT (CC) MARK © ChriKo

(CC) BY © Noel Reynolds

Order: Ciconiiformes

Family: Ciconiidae

Ciconia abdimii Lichtenstein, 1823 . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 76 cm; black plumage; white lower back and rump; greenish bill and legs;. (Sinclair 1994: 58) • máɲù . "Abdim's stork".

Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team

(Boden/Güldemann/Naumann) (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann) (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann)

Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 102 cm; white plumage; black wings; red bill and legs. Biotope: grassland. (Sinclair 1994: 60) • kɔ̀mɔ̀-tébù . "white stork".

(CC) BY-SA © Dick Daniels (CC) BY © Bogdan Giuşcă

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Order: Columbiformes

Family: Columbidae

Columba guinea Linnaeus, 1758 . • gùmɔ̀ kájà . "speckled pigeon".

(CC) BY-SA © unknown (Ltshears) (CC) BY-SA © unknown (ChriKo)

Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 . • gùmɔ́ . "pigeon (domestic)".

(CC) BY-SA © Mike Pennington

(CC) BY-SA © J.M.Garg

Oena capensis (Linnaeus, 1766) . • pèlè àsɛ̂n . "long-tailed pigeon, namaqua dove".

19 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-SA © Lip Kee from Singapore, Republic of (CC) BY-NC-SA © David Blank

Singapore http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/public_domain © C. G.

Finch-Davies (1875-1920)

Streptopelia senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766) . • pélè . "laughing dove".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © Lip Kee

(CC) BY-SA ©

Streptopelia vinacea (Gmelin, 1789) . • pèlè pírù . "doves with black nape rings (vinaceous dove; mourning dove)".

(CC) BY ©

Order: Coraciiformes

Family: Coraciidae

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Coracias abyssinicus Hermann, 1783 . • ɔ̀gɔ̀-sɛ̀:rɛ́ . "Abyssinian roller".

PD © (CC) BY-SA ©

Family: Meropidae

Merops albicollis Vieillot, 1817 . • kèrèlêw . "white-throated bee-eater".

(CC) BY © Ron Knight from Seaford, East Sussex,

United Kingdom (CC) BY © Gerhard Singer (CC) BY-SA ©

Order: Galliformes

Family: Numididae

Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: omnivore; body-length: 56 cm; grey plumage with white dots; blue and red skin on the head. Biotope: grassland, woodland. (Sinclair 1994: 102) • ɲàŋǎwⁿ . "guinea-fowl".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Chris Eason Languages Project (CC) BY-SA ©

Family: Phasianidae

Francolinus . • súgù . "francolin".

(CC) PUBLICDOMAIN © Stolz, Gary M. (CC) BY © Public Domain by

Francolinus bicalcaratus (Linnaeus, 1766) . • sùgù pèrě: . "double-spurred francolin".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY © Biodiversity Heritage Library

Order: Gruiformes

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Family: Gruidae

Balearica pavonina (Linnaeus, 1758) . • èr-kwǎ:ⁿ . "crowned crane".

(CC) BY ©

Public Domain by

Family: Otididae

Eupodotis senegalensis (Vieillot, 1820) . • kàr-kàrâw . "white-bellied (=Senegal) bustard".

(CC) BY-SA © Lip Kee (CC) BY-SA © (CC) MARK © Creator:Claude Gibney Finch-Davies

Neotis denhami (Children & Vigors, 1826) . • gìrè-pírù . "Denham's bustard".

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(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-NC-SA © Bernard DUPONT

Public Domain by

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Cisticolidae

Spiloptila clamans (Cretzschmar, 1826) . • tí:-tí: . "cricket warbler".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Public Domain by

Family: Corvidae

Corvus albus Statius Muller, 1776 . • gá:ⁿ-gà:ⁿ . "pied crow".

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(CC) BY-SA © Myburgh

(CC) BY-SA © Thomas Schoch

Corvus ruficollis Lesson, 1831 . • gà:ⁿ-gà:ⁿ gêwⁿ . "black crow".

(CC) BY-NC © Biopix (CC) BY-SA © Lip Kee Yap (CC) MARK © G. G. White – delineator. W. H. Dougal –

engraver

Ptilostomus afer (Linnaeus, 1766) . • nǎ: sì-sà . "piapiac (magpie)".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

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Family: Estrildidae

Amadina fasciata (Gmelin, 1789) . • gàndàl-kɛ̀:ⁿtí: . "cut-throat finch (male)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Lagonosticta senegala (Linnaeus, 1766) . • bá:-dòŋò . "red-billed firefinch". • sì-sà: bá:-dòŋò . "red-billed firefinch".

(CC) BY © Original uploader was ThomHasi at

en.wikipedia

(CC) BY © msafari2425 Public Domain by Veli Pohjonen

Family: Laniidae

Lanius meridionalis Temminck, 1820 . • sì:gìn bɔ̀bɔ́ . "southern grey shrike".

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(CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) MARK © Creator:Joseph Smit (CC) MARK © Creator:Joseph Smit

Family: Muscicapidae

Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris (Lafresnaye, 1836) . • dɛ̀ndɛ́ⁿ . "cliff chat, white-crowned cliff-chat".

(CC) BY © (CC) BY ©

Public Domain by

Family: Passeridae

Passer griseus (Vieillot, 1817) . • sì-sà: gùnɔ̌n . "grey-headed sparrow".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-SA © Tom Tarrant (CC) BY-SA © Languages Project

Family: Ploceidae

Bubalornis albirostris (Vieillot, 1817) . • sà-kùmó . "white-billed buffalo-weaver".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Ploceus cucullatus (Statius Muller, 1776) . • sì-sà: kòrù-jélén . "village weaver (bird)".

(CC) BY © Simon J. Tonge (CC) BY © Simon J. Tonge (CC) BY © Simon J. Tonge

Family: Sturnidae

Lamprotornis caudatus (Statius Muller, 1776) . • gòrⁿɔ̀y-gàrⁿǎyⁿ . "long-tailed glossy starling".

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(CC) BY © Thom Haslam

(CC) BY-SA © Salix

(CC) BY © Biodiversity Heritage Library

Lamprotornis pulcher (Statius Muller, 1776) . • dɛ̀ⁿ-dɛ́ⁿ . "chestnut-bellied starling".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

(CC) BY-SA © ChriKo

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Ardeidae

Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: carnivore; body-length: 54 cm; white and light brown plumage; yellow bill; breeding bird has a red bill; often found in association with cattle. Biotope: grassland. (Sinclair 1994: 54) • ámà ɛ̀ɲì . "cattle egret". Lit. "God's chick".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY-SA © Atamari (CC) BY-SA © Atamari Languages Project

Order: Strigiformes

Family: Tytonidae

Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769) . • sàtɔ̂: . "barn owl".

(CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY-SA © Public Domain by Racheeo ??

Order: Struthioniformes

Family: Struthionidae

Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758 . • ɔ̀gɔ̀-yó:gó-yá:gá . "ostrich".

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Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team Public Domain by Roland Kiessling (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann) (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann)

Order: Upupiformes

Family: Upupidae

Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758 . • dě:-bùbù . "hoopoe".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY © Biodiversity Heritage Library

Class: Mammalia

Order: Artiodactyla

Family: Bovidae

Bos taurus primigenius Bojanus, 1827 . • nǎ: . "cow, cattle".

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(CC) BY-NC © Biopix (CC) BY-NC © Biopix

Hippotragus equinus koba (Gray, 1872) . • kǎ:ⁿ . "roan antelope, 1.3 m shoulder height, 250 kg (heavy fur, mane, black-tipped tail and ears)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Sylvicapra grimmia (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: herbivore; height: 50cm; the coat varies in colour from light grey-brown to red-brown; the belly and the insides of the legs are white; the front legs have vertical black stripes; there is a tuft of long, black hair on the forehead;the short tail is dark on top and white underneath; females are larger and lack horns;. Biotope: savanna, grassland, woodland, mountains. (Cillié 1997: 64) • lójù . "bush duiker, 45-70 cm shoulder height, 15-20 kg (goatlike, males with short vertical horns o 18 cm, can leap)".

Public Domain by unknown (Chuckupd) (CC) BY © Biodiversity Heritage Library (CC) BY-NC-SA © Bernard DUPONT

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Syncerus caffer (Sparrman, 1779) . Characteristics: herbivore; height: 1-1,7m; this cattle-like animal is born with a light reddish-brown coat that darkens with age until it is grey-black; both sexes are horned, but the horns of the male are especially large with thick bosses;. Biotope: savanna, scrubforest, forest, grassland. (Cillié 1997: 84) • òrù-nǎ: . "African buffalo". Lit. "bush cow".

(CC) BY © Stig Nygaard (CC) MARK © Wikimedia Commons

(CC) BY-SA © unknown, Haplochromis?

Family: Giraffidae

Giraffa camelopardalis (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: herbivore; characteristic are the long legs and the very long neck; the whitish-yellow body is covered with brown patches that get darker as the animal ages; on top of the head are two short horns that are covered with black hair; they have a mane of short, stiff hair;. Biotope: savanna, scrubforest, grassland, woodland. (Cillié 1997: 96) • yámjá . "giraffe".

Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team

(Boden/Güldemann/Naumann) (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann) (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann)

Family: Hippopotamidae

Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus, 1758 . Characteristics: herbivore; height: 150-165 cm; this very large semiaquatic animal is generally grey-brown but the belly and skinfolds are yellowish-pink; it has a very large mouth; the nostrils and the eyes are on top of the head; the ears are small and rounded;. Biotope: freshwater, swamps. (Cillié 1997: 106) • gábù . "hippo".

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Public Domain by Christfried Naumann

Family: Suidae

Phacochoerus africanus (Gmelin, 1788) . Characteristics: omnivore; the body is grey and sparsely covered with long bristles; there is a mane of dark hair with lighter tips; the adults have large tusks which curve over the broad snout; the males have larger tusks than the females and have three pairs of warts on the sides of the face; they run with their tail up;. Biotope: savanna, grassland, desert. (Cillié 1997: 92) • òrú tòrù . "warthog (boar)".

(CC) BY-SA © Delphine Bruyere (CC) PUBLICDOMAIN © Trisha M Shears

Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 . • tórù . "pig".

(CC) BY-SA © Jerzy Strzelecki (CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © Volker.G

Order: Carnivora

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Family: Canidae

Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 . • ìjú . "dog".

(CC) BY © Simon J. Tonge (CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-NC © inaturalist

Vulpes pallida (Cretzschmar, 1826) . • yùrùgú . "sand fox, pale fox".

Public Domain by

Family: Felidae

Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 . • gámà . "cat (domestic)".

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(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA ©

Felis margarita Loche, 1858 . • gàmà-dúrùbɔ̀ . "sand cat, 2-3 kg (sandy yellow, ears widely spaced)".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY © (CC) BY-SA ©

Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: carnivore; height: 110-120 cm; the Lion is the largest cat in Africa and the only one where the males have manes, the colour of the mane ranges from blonde to black; the back of the round ears is black; the males are much larger than the females and have manes;. Biotope: savanna, scrubforest, forest, grassland, mountains. (Cillié 1997: 110) • dùŋ-yàrá . "lion".

Public Domain by Taa DoBeS team (CC) BY © (Boden/Güldemann/Naumann)

Panthera pardus (Linnaeus, 1758) . • ɲùrⁿɔ́ . "leopard".

36 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-SA © Haplochromis

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © user at project|JanErkamp|wikipedia|en

Family: Herpestidae

Galerella sanguinea (Rüppell, 1835) . Characteristics: omnivore; the colour of this Mongoose is usually correlated with the soil colour for camouflage and ranges from yellowish-grey to reddish; the long and upwards bent tail has a black tip;. (Cillié 1997: 152) • gà:ná . "slender mongoose (small, tip of tail black or red, less than 1 kg)".

Public Domain by Andrew Smith (1797-1872) (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY-SA © Sara&Joachim

Family: Mustelidae

Ictonyx striatus (Perry, 1810) . Characteristics: carnivore; height 10-15cm; this short legged predator has black fur with 4 parallel, white stripes on the back; it has white marks underneath the ears and between the eyes;. Biotope: savanna, forest, grassland, woodland, semi-desert, swamps, mountains. (Cillié 1997: 148) • ɔ̀gɔ̀-té:ŋé . "zorilla (polecat)".

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CC-Zero © (CC) BY-NC-SA © Antonius El Kommos (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Mellivora capensis (Schreber, 1776) . Characteristics: omnivore; height: 25-30cm; the body is black with a broad, greyish-white saddle on the back and head;the legs are short and equipped with sharp claws; the black tail is short; the ears are very small;. Biotope: savanna, forest, grassland. (Cillié 1997: 140) • dèmɛ̂n . "ratel (honey badger)".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © Matěj Baťha (CC) MARK © Creator:Joseph Smit

Family: Viverridae

Genetta genetta (Linnaeus, 1758) . Characteristics: carnivore; this cat-like animal has a grey coat with black spots on it; the tail is very long and has grey and black rings, the tip is always white; the ears are very thin and rounded; each individual has a characteristic face mask;. Biotope: savanna, forest, scrubforest, grassland. (Cillié 1997: 144) • gàmà kòrⁿònɔ́ . "genet".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY-SA © Liné1 Languages Project

Order: Chiroptera

Family: Pteropodidae

Eidolon helvum (Kerr, 1792) . Characteristics: herbivore; length: 19cm, wingspan: 75cm; dog-like face; yellowish fur with no obvious markings; black wings;. Biotope: savanna, rainforest, grassland. (Stuart and Stuart 2007: 46) • kì-kìjù bàdɛ̀gɛ́ . "straw-colored fruit bat sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY-NC © inaturalist (CC) BY-NC © inaturalist

Order: Erinaceomorpha

Family: Erinaceidae

Atelerix albiventris (Wagner, 1841) . • té:wⁿ . "hedgehog".

39 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Lagomorpha

Family: Leporidae

Lepus capensis Linnaeus, 1758 . Characteristics: herbivore; this typical hare has well developed hind legs for running and leaping; the ears as well as the eyes are large; the colour of the coat varies from light brown to reddish to sandy grey; the females are larger than the males;. Biotope: grassland, desert. (Cillié 1997: 186) • jɔ̌:ⁿ . "hare (all forms)".

(CC) MARK © Creator:Joseph Smit (CC) BY-SA © Haplochromis (CC) BY-SA © benjamint

Order: Primates

Family: Cercopithecidae

Erythrocebus patas (Schreber, 1774) . • ɔ́:rⁿɔ̀ . "patas monkey".

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(CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY © (CC) BY-SA © Brocken Inaglory

Papio anubis (Lesson, 1827) . • dɛ̀gɛ́ . "baboon".

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Gerald and Buff Corsi (CC) BY-NC-SA © Gerald and Buff Corsi (CC) BY © Simon J. Tonge

Order: Proboscidea

Family: Elephantidae

Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach, 1797) . Characteristics: herbivore; height: 3-3,75m; the African Bush elephant has large flat ears; its trunk ends with two opposing extensions; both sexes have large tusks; females are smaller and have smaller tusks;. Biotope: savanna, marshland, forest, grassland, desert, swamps. (Cillié 1997: 100) • dùŋ-ná: . "elephant".

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Public Domain by Gorgo

(CC) BY-SA © nickandmel2006

Order: Rodentia

Family: Muridae

Acomys johannis . • òrú ày-gùrù . "spiny-haired mouse sp.". Lit. "field mouse".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmarest, 1822) . • ày-sɛ̌: . "unstriped grass rat (diurnal)".

42 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse, 1840 . Characteristics: omnivore; total length: 80 cm, tail-length: 40 cm; grey-brown fur on the back, belly lighter; long naked tail which is white towards the end; dark eye-ring; long thin ears;. Biotope: savanna, forest, grassland. (Stuart and Stuart 2007: 108) • gù-gùjú . "giant pouched rat (about 2 kilos)".

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Mastomys natalensis (Smith, 1834) . Characteristics: herbivore; length: 24cm, tail-length: 11cm; underparts paler than upperparts, females have up to 12 pairs of nipples. Biotope: savanna, forest, shrubland, human settlement. (Stuart and Stuart 2007: 126) • gìní: ày-gùrù . "black form of African soft-furred rat (house mouse)". Lit. "house mouse".

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(CC) BY © (CC) BY © (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Order: Soricomorpha

Family: Soricidae

Crocidura cinderella Thomas, 1911 . • ày sìɲú . "tiny white-toothed shrew sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Class: Reptilia

Order: Crocodylia

Family: Crocodylidae

Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti, 1768 . • áɲáwⁿ . "Nile crocodile".

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(CC) BY-SA © Marco Schmidt (CC) BY-SA © Atamari

(CC) BY-SA © MathKnight and Zachi Evenor

Order: Squamata

Family: Agamidae

Agama sankaranica Chabanaud, 1918 . • gɛ̀wⁿ yɛ̀tɛ̂: . "ground-dwelling agama lizard sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Family: Boidae

Gongylophis muelleri Angel, 1938 . • ɲá:wⁿ-bùbá:rà . "sand boa, thick-bodied venomous snake sp.".

45 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Python sebae (Gmelin, 1789) . • yùgùrù-ná: . "rock python".

(CC) MARK © Sir Andrew Smith

(CC) BY © Tigerpython

(CC) BY-SA © Joachim Huber

Family: Chamaeleonidae

Chamaeleo africanus Laurenti, 1768 . • ɔ̀gɔ́-jǐ:yⁿɛ̀ . "chameleon".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Family: Colubridae

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Psammophis elegans (Shaw, 1802) . • bónò . "arboreal colubrid snake sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Family: Elapidae

Naja haje (Linnaeus, 1758) . • gì-gàbá . "Egyptian cobra".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Public Domain by Ltshears Public Domain by John Walker, Head Languages Project

Naja nigricollis Reinhardt, 1843 . • yùgùru-jɔ̌:ⁿ . "spitting cobra". Lit. "snake-hare".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Luca Boldrini Languages Project

Family: Scincidae

47 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Chalcides ocellatus (Forskål, 1775) . • bùlù-bà:gá . "spotted skink sp. (thick body, very short legs)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Sphenops delislei (Lataste & Rochebrune, 1876) . • kɔ̌yⁿ-bèŋérⁿè . "subterranean skink sp. (short legs, loose sand near bushes)". Lit. "daba-touch".

Trachylepis perrotetii (Duméril & Bibron, 1839) . • bùlú . "spotted skink sp. (relatively long legs)".

(CC) BY © liesvanrompaey (CC) BY © Lies Van Rompae (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Trachylepis quinquetaeniata (Lichtenstein, 1823) . • sɛ̀:mɛ́ . "five-lined skink".

48 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Description de l’Egypte, Book 34

(CC) BY-NC-SA © cultnat (1826), Volume I - Planches : Histoire Naturelle.

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Family: Varanidae

Varanus griseus (Daudin, 1803) . • ùgǔn . "grey monitor lizard (very long tail, terrestrial)".

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Description de l’Egypte, Book 34

(1826), Volume I - Planches : Histoire Naturelle. (CC) PUBLICDOMAIN © Omid Mozaffari (CC) BY-NC-SA © cultnat

Varanus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1766) . • ǎwⁿ . "Nile monitor lizard (climbs trees near water)".

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Description de l’Egypte, Book 34

Public Domain by Alexis Naumann (1826), Volume I - Planches : Histoire Naturelle. (CC) BY © Simon J. Tonge

Order: Testudines

Family: Pelomedusidae

49 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Pelomedusa subrufa (Bonnaterre, 1789) . • kírì . "small aquatic tortoise (rainy season)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY-SA © Ltshears

Family: Testudinidae

Geochelone sulcata (Miller, 1779) . • àgùŋùɲú . "giant tortoise (terrestrial)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Class: other

Order: Bucerotiformes

Family: Bucerotidae

Tockus sp. . • ɔ̀gɔ̀-dògú . "hornbill spp. (grey and red-billed)".

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Kingdom: Fungi

Phylum: Basidiomycota

Class: Agaricomycetes

Order: Agaricales

Family: Agaricaceae

Podaxis pistillaris (L.) Fr. 1829 . • tà:-bǒy . "puffball".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Douglas Smith Languages Project

Kingdom: Metazoa

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Arachnida

Order: Scorpiones

Family: Buthidae

Androctonus amoreuxi . • mwɛ́:ⁿ . "fat-tailed scorpion".

51 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Class: Insecta

Order: Isoptera

Family: Termitidae

Macrotermes subhyalinus . • turù-gî: . "large winged termite sp. that swarms at dusk early in the rainy season (edible)".

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Magnoliophyta

Class: Liliopsida

Order: Commelinales

Family: Commelinaceae

Commelina forskalaei . • bùlú-kɛ̀gɛ̀rɛ̀ . "herb sp.". Lit. "lizard-...".

52 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Poales

Family: Poaceae

Digitaria ciliaris var. ciliaris . • yɛ̀:-sɔ̀:rⁿú . "grass sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Cucurbitales

Family: Cucurbitaceae

Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. agrestis Naudin . • gěwⁿ kà:m . "wild melon sp.". Lit. "agama's ...".

53 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Order: Garryales

Family: Garryaceae

Grewia flavescens var flavescens . • ʔɔ̀:jɔ̀ góró-gárá . "shrub sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Lamiales

Family: Lamiaceae

Endostemon tereticaulis (Poir.) M.R.Ashby . • gìrú-nìŋíɲù . "herb sp.".

54 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY-NC © Bart Wursten (CC) BY-NC © Bart Wursten

Order: Malvales

Family: Malvaceae

Bombax costatum Pellegrin & Vuillet . • tóggè . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Myrtales

Family: Combretaceae

Combretum aculeatum Vent. . • ɛ̀rⁿɛ́-kɛ̌mɲɛ̀ . "shrub sp.".

55 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. . • bɔ̀jɔ̀-kùkɔ́: . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Rosales

Family: Cannabaceae

Celtis toka (Forssk.) F.N. Hepper & J.R.I. Wood . • sǐ: . "tree sp.".

56 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Marco Schmidt Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Sapindales

Family: Anacardiaceae

Lannea microcarpa Engl. & K. Krause . • sá: . "wild grape ree".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Class: other

Order: Poales

Family: Cyperaceae

Cyperus spp. . • àⁿsàwⁿî: . "sedge spp.".

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Liliopsida

Order: Alismatales

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Family: Araceae

Stylochaeton lancifolius . • jàndùrù-súgù . "herb sp.". Lit. "donkey-ear".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg

Order: Arecales

Family: Arecaceae

Borassus aethiopum Mart. . • síŋ . "palm sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Hyphaene thebaica (L.) Mart. . • sèbé . "doum palm". • nɛ̀mɛ́ . "doum palm".

58 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Bibliotheca Alexandrina - EOL Ar (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Phoenix dactylifera L. . • àsà:rà-mɔ́:rⁿɔ̀ . "date palm".

(CC) MARK © Mmcknight4 (CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY-SA © Nevit Dilmen

Order: Asparagales

Family: Amaryllidaceae

Allium cepa L. . • gâw . "onion".

59 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-SA © Rainer Haessner (CC) BY-SA © Donovan Govan (CC) BY-SA © Christoph Waghubinger

Allium sativum L. . • la᷈y . "garlic".

(CC) BY-SA © Donovan Govan (CC) BY-SA © Francesco Perito

(CC) BY-SA © H. Zell

Pancratium trianthum Herb. . • ìjú gàw . "wild onion sp.". Lit. "dog's onion".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

60 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Order: Commelinales

Family: Commelinaceae

Commelina benghalensis benghalensis . • bùlú-kɛ̀gɛ̀rɛ̀ . "herb sp.". Lit. "lizard-...".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Dioscoreales

Family: Dioscoreaceae

Dioscorea alata L. . • kǔ: . "yam".

(CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY © (CC) BY © Forest & Kim Starr

Order: Poales

Family: Poaceae

61 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Andropogon gayanus bisquamulatus . • kerî: . "tall grass sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Aristida stipoides Lam. . • kàrí . "grass sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project Languages Project

Brachiaria lata (Schumach.) C.E.Hubb. . • pélè ɛ̀mɛ̀ . "grass sp.". Lit. "dove's sorghum".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

62 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Cenchrus prieurii (Kunth) Maire . • kórú-mô:ⁿ . "grass similar to burrgrass".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. . • gáma-bɔ̀: . "grass sp.". Lit. "cat-...".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Digitaria exilis (Kippist) Stapf . • pɔ̌:ⁿ . "fonio (grain)".

PD USDA ARS © (CC) BY © PD USAID ©

63 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Elionurus elegans Kunth . • pɔ́bɔ́-nà:-yàbà . "grass sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Oryza . • àrà kɛ̌wⁿ . "wild rice".

(CC) MARK © Dr. David Gealy, USDA ARS, Research

(CC) BY-SA © Plant Physiologist

(CC) BY-SA ©

Oryza sativa L. . • árá . "rice".

64 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY-SA © Judgefloro

(CC) BY-SA © Wikimedia Commons

Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A.Rich.) Munro . • kàrí . "bamboo".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg

Panicum laetum Kunth . • sà:ɲú: . "wild fonio (grass)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY-NC-SA © Missouri BG!

65 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. . • yǔ: . "millet (pearl millet)".

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Delile, A.R., 1813. Description de (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg I’Egypte

Saccharum officinarum L. . • sìkɔ̀:rɔ̀-kèrú . "sugar cane".

(CC) BY © Forest & Kim Starr (CC) BY © Forest & Kim Starr (CC) BY-SA © B.navez

Schoenefeldia gracilis Kunth . • óró . "grass sp.".

66 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg

Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf . • ɛ̀mɛ̀ yǎ: . "grass sp.".

(CC) BY-NC © Petra Ballings (CC) BY-NC © Petra Ballings

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench . • ɛ̀mɛ́ . "sorghum (sweet)". • sàrⁿùŋgɛ́rⁿɛ̀ . "sorghum (sweet)".

(CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY-NC © Marco Schmidt (CC) BY-NC © Marco Schmidt

67 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

Triticum aestivum L. . • álkámà . "wheat".

(CC) BY © Dag Terje Filip Endresen (CC) BY-SA ©

(CC) BY-SA ©

Order: Zingiberales

Family: Zingiberaceae

Zingiber officinale Roscoe . • yàmà:kǔ:ⁿ . "ginger".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY ©

Languages Project Public Domain by

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Asterales

Family: Asteraceae

Acanthospermum hispidum . • kɛ́bɛ̀ . "prickly herb sp.".

68 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

• dárⁿá . "prickly herb sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Brassicales

Family: Capparaceae

Boscia senegalensis Lam. . • ɛ̀:rɛ́ . "shrub sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Family: Caricaceae

Carica papaya L. . • pùpɔ́: . "papaya".

69 of 105 http://tsammalex.clld.org/

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Reinaldo aguilar (CC) BY © Forest & Kim Starr

(CC) BY-NC-SA © Reinaldo aguilar

Family: Moringaceae

Moringa oleifera Lam. . • àsà:rà-lùbɔ́ . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Forest & Kim Starr (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Caryophyllales

Family: Amaranthaceae

Amaranthus spinosus L. . • dɔ̀gɞ̀-jìjí . "herb sp.". Lit. "Dogon-thorn".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Order: Cucurbitales

Family: Cucurbitaceae

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai . Characteristics: annual, creeping herb; the hairy leaves are divided into 3-5 lobes; male and female flowers grow on the same plant and are yellow; the fruit is round with a diameter of 15-20 cm and a yellow and green surface. Biotope: sandy soil, dune. (Van der Walt and le Riche 1999: 110; Van Rooyen et al. 2001: 148) • gàb-jɔ̀gɔ́ . "watermelon (cultivated, all forms)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Public Domain by Christfried Naumann Languages Project

Momordica balsamina L. . Characteristics: perennial climber; leaves are divided into 5-7 lobes, the margins toothed; the flowers are white to yellow with fused petals; the egg-shaped fruit is orange to red when ripe and covered with spines; the plant emits an unpleasent smell when bruised. Biotope: savanna, sandy soil. (Van Rooyen et al. 2001: 152) • kìnè-mɔ̀-dǒyⁿ . "liana sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY-SA © H. Zell Languages Project

Order: Ericales

Family: Sapotaceae

Vitellaria paradoxa paradoxa . • mìɲú . "karité (tree)".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Order: Fabales

Family: Fabaceae

Acacia seyal Delile . • sɛ̀ŋɛ̀mɛ̀ pírú . "acacia sp.".

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Languages Project

Acacia tortilis (Forssk.)Hayne . • bìsîm . "acacia sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schum.)Leonard . • bèrú kàmbèlè . "herb sp.". Lit. "grass ...".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

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Arachis hypogaea L. . • ɛ̀rɛ̀: bárⁿù . "peanut".

Bauhinia reticulata DC. . • kɔ̀ybɛ́ . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Bauhinia rufescens Lam. . • sátêl . "tree sp.".

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

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Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. . • kéréŋ-dèné . "tree sp.".

Languages Project Languages Project

Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. . • pònú . "tree sp.".

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project

Dichrostachys cinerea (L.)Wight & Arn. . Characteristics: shrub or small tree; 1-3m tall, flowers in an elongated drooping spike, composed of two sections: a pink tuft of sterile flowers and below a section of fertile yellow flowers; the pods are curly anr twisted;. Biotope: grassland, sandy soil. (Van Rooyen et al. 2001: 44) • kúkɔ̂r . "shrub sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Faidherbia albida (Delile)A.Chev. . • sɛ̀ŋɛ̀ pírú . "balanzan tree".

Indigofera tinctoria tinctoria . • gǎ: . "herb sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

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Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.)G.Don . • yùlɔ́ . "locust-bean (néré) tree".

Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.)Taub. . • kìrɛ́ . "a wood for blacksmiths' charcoal".

Languages Project

Pterocarpus lucens Guill. & Perr. . • bì-bɛ̌: . "tree sp.".

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Senna obtusifolia (L.)H.S.Irwin & Barneby . • gàŋá . "herb sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) PUBLICDOMAIN © Michael Kesl Languages Project Languages Project

Tamarindus indica L. . • ómórù . "tamarind".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Forest & Kim Starr Languages Project Languages Project

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Vachellia nilotica . • bǎ:rà . "acacia sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Vigna subterranea (L.)Verdc. . • ɛ̀rɛ̀: gɛ̂wⁿ . "ground nut".

Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp. . • nǔ:ⁿ . "cow-pea".

(CC) BY-SA ©

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Zornia glochidiata DC. . • déŋè-mɛ́rⁿɛ̀ . "herb sp.".

Order: Gentianales

Family: Apocynaceae

Calotropis procera . • pòbú . "shrub sp.".

Languages Project

Saba senegalensis (A. DC.) Pichon . • ka᷈:m . "zaban (woody liana )".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg

Family: Rubiaceae

Feretia apodanthera Delile . • gìrègìrè ná: . "shrub sp.".

Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Lamiales

Family: Orobanchaceae

Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. . • dó: . "herb sp.".

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Family: Pedaliaceae

Sesamum alatum P. Thonn. . • wérú pɔ̀rì . "wild sesame (herb)". Lit. "gazelle's sesame".

Sesamum indicum . • pɔ̀rî: . "sesame".

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(CC) MARK © Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Medizinal-Pflanzen

Order: Magnoliales

Family: Annonaceae

Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. . • pɛ̀-díŋɛ̀ . "grains of Selim".

Order: Malpighiales

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia austro-occidentalis Thell. . • pèllè-írù . "prostrate herb sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton . • gǒmjò . "balsam-spurge (shrub)".

Manihot esculenta Crantz . • lògò-báɣá . "cassava, manioc".

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Order: Malvales

Family: Malvaceae

Adansonia digitata L. . • ɔ̀rɔ́ . "baobab tree". • tìkɛ̌: . "baobab tree".

Languages Project Languages Project

Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. . • jǔŋ . "tree sp.".

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Languages Project

Corchorus Patriti, 1965 . • yàpòló . "herb sp.".

Gossypium hirsutum L. . • nàmú . "cotton".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC © Bart Wursten (CC) BY-NC-SA © Arthur Chapman Languages Project

Hibiscus cannabinus L. . • pɔ́lɔ̀ . "erect herb sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. . • àɲú . "roselle". • àɲú kêwⁿ . "roselle variety with small greenish-white fruits". • àɲú-gò:rò . "roselle variety with large greenish-white fruits". • aɲù-gò:rò bárⁿù . "roselle variety with large red fruits".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Marie Fourdrigniez (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Waltheria indica L. . • ɲàwⁿá . "bush sp.".

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Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Myrtales

Family: Lythraceae

Lawsonia inermis L. . • jàbí . "henna bush".

Languages Project

Family: Myrtaceae

Eucalyptus astringens (Maiden) Maiden . • síníwâ:r . "eucalyptus tree".

Psidium guajava . • bùyà:gú . "guava".

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(CC) BY ©

Order: Nymphaeales

Family: Nymphaeaceae

Nymphaea lotus L. . • kùrú . "water lily sp.".

Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project

Order: Rosales

Family: Rhamnaceae

Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. . • ɔ̀rⁿùŋgú . "jujube (shrub)".

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Order: Santalales

Family: Ximeniaceae

Ximenia americana L. . • ɔ̀:rⁿɔ̀-bárⁿì . "thorny shrub sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Sapindales

Family: Anacardiaceae

Anacardium occidentale L. . • sɔ̀:mɔ́ . "cashew tree (planted)".

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Languages Project

Mangifera indica L. . • máŋgó:rò . "mango".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg (CC) BY-SA © Languages Project

Sclerocarya birrea . • bǐ: . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime

Languages Project

Family: Meliaceae

Azadirachta indica A. Juss. . • gɔ̀:jí . "neem tree".

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Languages Project Languages Project

Khaya senegalensis (Desv.) A. Juss. . • pɛ̀rú . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project Languages Project

Family: Rutaceae

Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. . • lèmùrù âwⁿ . "lemon".

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Citrus sinensis L. . • lèmùrù bá: . "orange".

Order: Solanales

Family: Convolvulaceae

Ipomoea A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1907 . • láyg . "training vine sp.". • dɔ̀gɔ̀-wâŋ . "training vine sp.".

(CC) BY-SA ©

Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult. . • ɔ́:-lɔ̀rìyàwⁿ . "trailing vine sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Research Institute Senckenberg Languages Project Languages Project

Family: Solanaceae

Capsicum (H.L. Clark, 1917) . • kɛ́bɛ́lù . "pepper".

(CC) BY-SA ©

Nicotiana rustica L. . • tábà . "African tobacco".

Solanum aethiopicum L. . • kɛ́rɛ́ . "African eggplant (smooth succulent variety)".

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Solanum incanum L. . Characteristics: shrub, 80cm tall, many branches that are covered with hairs and spines, large lobed leaves, purplish-white flowers, fruit turns from green to yellow when ripe. Biotope: dry river course. (Van Rooyen et al. 2001: 76) • sǒŋ kɛ̀rɛ̀ . "thorny bush sp.".

Solanum melongena L. . • kɛ̀rɛ̀ bòmǒn . "European eggplant". Lit. "crazy eggplant".

(CC) BY ©

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Solanum tuberosum L. . • pɔ́mtɛ̂:r . "potato".

Order: Vitales

Family: Vitaceae

Cissus quadrangularis L. . • ɔ̀gɔ̌-m já:rà . "liana sp.".

Order: Zygophyllales

Family: Zygophyllaceae

Balanites aegyptiacus . • mɔ́:rⁿɔ̀ . "wild date tree".

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Languages Project

Tribulus terrestris L. . Characteristics: creeping growth, yellow flowers, flower 1 cm in diameter, soft-haired leaves, woody, sharp, spiny fruits that can puncture animals' hoofs, bare feet and bicycle tyres. (Van der Walt and le Riche 1999: 109) • dàmdá . "herb sp.".

Kingdom: Viridiplantae

Phylum: Streptophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Brassicales

Family: Capparaceae

Boscia angustifolia A. Rich. . • pú-pǒ:lò . "tree sp.".

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Maerua angolensis . • kòŋgòlôm . "tree sp.".

Order: Caryophyllales

Family: Amaranthaceae

Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. . Characteristics: erect or sprawling herb; up to 90 cm tall; stems with multiple opposite branches that grow from nodes; branches are 4-angled; the mature inflorescence is up to 50 cm long and has green flowers; fruit is a capsule with shiny brown seeds. Biotope: sandy soil. (Van Rooyen et al. 2001: 156) • ǎy dòŋò . "herb sp.". Lit. "mouse's totem".

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Order: Gentianales

Family: Apocynaceae

Leptadenia hastata . • kóŋó-tô: . "vine sp.".

Languages Project

Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne. . • ìjú kòŋòtò: . "bush sp.".

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(CC) BY-SA © (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY-NC-SA © Bibliotheca Alexandrina - EOL Ar Languages Project

Pergularia tomentosa L. . • pɔ́rɛ̂:ᶰ . "bush sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Lamiales

Family: Lamiaceae

Vitex doniana Sweet . • àrmǐ: . "tree sp.".

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(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Malvales

Family: Malvaceae

Grewia bicolor Juss. . • ɔ́ʔɔ́:jɔ̀ . "shrub sp.".

Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Myrtales

Family: Combretaceae

Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr. . • sìgúrù . "tree sp.".

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Languages Project

Combretum glutinosum Perr. ex DC. . • bà:rⁿá . "tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Combretum micranthum G. Don . • kùwɛ́ . "shrub sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

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Guiera senegalensis J.F.Gmel. . • gòbùrú . "shrub sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Rosales

Family: Moraceae

Ficus platyphylla Del. . • kùmú . "fig tree sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project

Languages Project

Order: Sapindales

Family: Burseraceae

Commiphora africana (Rich.) Engl. . • mɔ̀ɲɔ́rⁿɔ̀ . "bdellium (shrub)".

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Languages Project Languages Project

Order: Vitales

Family: Vitaceae

Ampelocissus africana (Lour.) Merrill . • àsɛ̀gɛ̀-gírɛ́wⁿ sa . "liana sp.".

(CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime (CC) BY © Jeff Heath and the Dogon and Bangime Languages Project Languages Project Languages Project

Kingdom: other

Phylum: other

Class: other

Order: other

Family: other

Trachyderma hispida . • ki-kɛ̀: gúmɔ́rⁿɔ́ . "darkling beetle sp. in houses".

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Languages Project

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