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Linux Journal | April 2017 | Issue ™ Categorize Documents with Machine Learning The Importance of Good Ticketing Systems for Sysadmins Since 1994: The Original Magazine of the Linux Community Tips for Cutting the Cable Cord THE SPACE Solve Physics Problems ROBOTICS with Linux CHALLENGE and Linux + Software Updates, Embedded Linux and APRIL 2017 | ISSUE 276 the IoT http://www.linuxjournal.com WATCH: ISSUE OVERVIEW V LJ276-April2017.indd 1 3/22/17 7:13 PM NEW! An NEW! Memory: Past, Architect’s Present and Guide: Future—and Linux for the Tools to Practical books Enterprise IT Optimize It Author: Author: for the most technical Sol Lederman Petros Koutoupis Sponsor: Sponsor: people on the planet. SUSE Intel Cloud-Scale Why Innovative Automation App Developers with Puppet Love High-Speed Author: OSDBMS GEEK GUIDES John S. Tonello Author: Sponsor: Ted Schmidt Puppet Sponsor: IBM Tame the SUSE Docker Life Enterprise Cycle with Storage 4 SUSE Author: Author: Ted Schmidt John S. Tonello Sponsor: Sponsor: SUSE SUSE Download books for free with a BotFactory: Containers simple one-time registration. Automating 101 the End of Author: http://geekguide.linuxjournal.com Cloud Sprawl Sol Lederman Author: Sponsor: Puppet John S. Tonello Sponsor: BotFactory.io LJ276-April2017.indd 2 3/22/17 7:14 PM NEW! An NEW! Memory: Past, Architect’s Present and Guide: Future—and Linux for the Tools to Practical books Enterprise IT Optimize It Author: Author: for the most technical Sol Lederman Petros Koutoupis Sponsor: Sponsor: people on the planet. SUSE Intel Cloud-Scale Why Innovative Automation App Developers with Puppet Love High-Speed Author: OSDBMS GEEK GUIDES John S. Tonello Author: Sponsor: Ted Schmidt Puppet Sponsor: IBM Tame the SUSE Docker Life Enterprise Cycle with Storage 4 SUSE Author: Author: Ted Schmidt John S. Tonello Sponsor: Sponsor: SUSE SUSE Download books for free with a BotFactory: Containers simple one-time registration. Automating 101 the End of Author: http://geekguide.linuxjournal.com Cloud Sprawl Sol Lederman Author: Sponsor: Puppet John S. Tonello Sponsor: BotFactory.io LJ276-April2017.indd 3 3/22/17 7:14 PM APRIL 2017 CONTENTS ISSUE 276 FEATURES 76 Robots and Linux, 88 Key Considerations a Match Made for Software in Space Updates for A look at NASA’s Space Embedded Linux Robotics Challenge. and IoT PAUL FERRETTI Don’t brick the device! EYSTEIN STENBERG 4 | April 2017 | http://www.linuxjournal.com LJ276-April2017.indd 4 3/22/17 7:14 PM CONTENTS COLUMNS 32 Reuven M. Lerner’s At the Forge Classifying Text 40 Dave Taylor’s 18 Work the Shell Watermarking Images—from the Command Line 46 Kyle Rankin’s Hack and / Sysadmin 101: Ticketing 54 Shawn Powers’ The Open-Source Classroom Actually Cutting the Cord 104 Doc Searls’ EOF How to Fix the Edge IN EVERY ISSUE 8 Current_Issue.tar.gz 54 10 UPFRONT 30 Editors’ Choice ON THE COVER UÊ/ iÊ-«>ViÊ,LÌVÃÊ >i}iÊ>`ÊÕÝ]Ê«°ÊÇÈ 68 New Products UÊ-vÌÜ>ÀiÊ1«`>ÌiÃ]Ê Li``i`ÊÕÝÊ>`ÊÌ iÊ/]Ê«°Ênn UÊ >Ìi}ÀâiÊ VÕiÌÃÊÜÌ Ê>V iÊi>À}]Ê«°ÊÎÓ 110 Advertisers Index UÊ/ iÊ«ÀÌ>ViÊvÊ`Ê/ViÌ}Ê-ÞÃÌiÃÊvÀÊ-ÞÃ>`Ã]Ê«°Ê{È UÊ/«ÃÊvÀÊ ÕÌÌ}ÊÌ iÊ >LiÊ À`]Ê«°Êx{ UÊ-ÛiÊ* ÞÃVÃÊ*ÀLiÃÊÜÌ ÊÕÝ]Ê«°Ê£n LINUX JOURNAL (ISSN 1075-3583) is published monthly by Belltown Media, Inc., PO Box 980985, Houston, TX 77098 USA. Subscription rate is $29.50/year. Subscriptions start with the next issue. 5 | April 2017 | http://www.linuxjournal.com LJ276-April2017.indd 5 3/22/17 7:14 PM Executive Editor Jill Franklin [email protected] Senior Editor Doc Searls [email protected] Associate Editor Shawn Powers [email protected] Art Director Garrick Antikajian [email protected] Products Editor James Gray [email protected] Editor Emeritus Don Marti [email protected] Technical Editor Michael Baxter [email protected] Senior Columnist Reuven Lerner [email protected] Security Editor Mick Bauer [email protected] Hack Editor Kyle Rankin lj@greenfly.net Virtual Editor Bill Childers [email protected] Contributing Editors )BRAHIM (ADDAD s 2OBERT ,OVE s :ACK "ROWN s $AVE 0HILLIPS s -ARCO &IORETTI s ,UDOVIC -ARCOTTE 0AUL "ARRY s 0AUL -C+ENNEY s $AVE 4AYLOR s $IRK %LMENDORF s *USTIN 2YAN s !DAM -ONSEN President Carlie Fairchild [email protected] Publisher Mark Irgang [email protected] Associate Publisher John Grogan [email protected] Director of Digital Experience Katherine Druckman [email protected] Accountant Candy Beauchamp [email protected] Linux Journal is published by, and is a registered trade name of, Belltown Media, Inc. 0/ "OX (OUSTON 48 53! Editorial Advisory Panel Nick Baronian Kalyana Krishna Chadalavada "RIAN #ONNER s +EIR $AVIS -ICHAEL %AGER s 6ICTOR 'REGORIO $AVID ! ,ANE s 3TEVE -ARQUEZ $AVE -C!LLISTER s 4HOMAS 1UINLAN #HRIS $ 3TARK s 0ATRICK 3WARTZ Advertising % -!),: [email protected] 52,: www.linuxjournal.com/advertising 0(/.% EXT Subscriptions % -!),: [email protected] 52,: www.linuxjournal.com/subscribe -!), 0/ "OX (OUSTON 48 53! LINUX IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ,INUS 4ORVALDS LJ276-April2017.indd 6 3/22/17 7:14 PM Manage data expansion You with SUSE Enterprise cannot Storage. SUSE Enterprise Storage, the leading open source storage solution, is highly keep up scalable and resilient, enabling high-end functionality at a fraction of with data the cost. explosion. suse.com/storage Data LJ276-April2017.indd 7 3/22/17 7:14 PM Current_Issue.tar.gz If There Was a Problem? Yo, SHAWN POWERS I’ll Solve It... Shawn Powers is the Associate Editor for Linux Journal. He’s M NOT SURE WHAT PROBLEM 6ANILLA )CE SOLVED WITH HIS also the Gadget Guy $*S SICK HOOK BUT THANKFULLY IN THE ,INUX WORLD WE for LinuxJournal.com, and he has an I SOLVE PROBLEMS ALL THE TIME )N FACT ,INUX EXISTS AS A interesting collection SOLUTION TO A PROBLEM YEARS LATER AND ,INUX IS STILL of vintage Garfield SOLVING PROBLEMS ALL THE TIME 4HIS MONTH LETS ATTACK coffee mugs. Don’t let his silly hairdo some problems the penguin way. fool you, he’s a Reuven M. Lerner starts out with how to program pretty ordinary guy computers to do work we’d rather not do ourselves. and can be reached via email at 3PECIFICALLY 2EUVEN SHOWS HOW TO AUTOMATE THE SORTING [email protected]. OF DOCUMENTS !LTHOUGH THE PROCESS MIGHT NOT BE QUITE Or, swing by the as boring as collating paperwork, sorting documents by #linuxjournal IRC channel on subject is monotonous at best. Reuven describes how to Freenode.net. PROGRAM AWAY THIS ANNOYING TASK $AVE 4AYLOR FOLLOWS WITH THE PROBLEM OF POTENTIAL PHOTOGRAPH THEFT 7ITH YOUR PHOTOS ON THE INTERNET ITS VERY EASY FOR SOMEONE V even someone with innocent intent, to violate your copyrights. Adding a watermark to your photos is a GREAT WAY TO INFORM VIEWERS THAT YOU OWN THE GRAPHIC VIDEO: Shawn $AVE SHOWS HOW TO DO IT FROM THE COMMAND LINE Powers runs Next, we look at managing problems with Kyle through 2ANKIN %VEN PROBLEM SOLVING SYSTEMS HAVE PROBLEMS the latest issue. AND IF YOURE IN A BIG ENVIRONMENT ITS IMPORTANT TO TRACK THE MANAGEMENT OF ISSUES +YLE EXPLAINS 8 | April 2017 | http://www.linuxjournal.com LJ276-April2017.indd 8 3/22/17 7:14 PM Current_Issue.tar.gz THE PROCESS FOR IMPLEMENTING A SUCCESSFUL TICKETING SYSTEM IN YOUR ORGANIZATION )N MY EARLY DAYS OF BEING A SYSTEM ADMINISTRATOR WE HAD GREEN SHEETS OF PAPER WHERE USERS WOULD WRITE THEIR PROBLEMS AND LEAVE THEM IN A BASKET FOR ME 4HOSE h'REEN 3HEETSv PROVIDED AN INCREDIBLE service to me and my users. Now, there are many digital systems that PROVIDE FAR MORE USEFUL INFORMATION THAN THE PAPERS IN MY BASKET 4HE PROBLEM ) SOLVE THIS MONTH IS CABLE 46 ) TALKED ABOUT CORD CUTTING IN THE PAST BUT ) FINALLY BOXED UP MY 4I6O UNITS AND WENT THE ROUTE OF THE ANTENNA )TS A COMPLICATED ENDEAVOR TO SET UP AN ANTENNA FOR BROADCAST CHANNELS ESPECIALLY IF YOURE IN A FRINGE AREA !DD TO THAT THE NEED FOR INTEGRATING /4! CHANNELS INTO MY NETWORK BASED ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEM AND ITS AN ARTICLE WORTH READING IF YOU WANT TO CUT THE CORD 0AUL &ERRETTI TALKS ABOUT THREE OF MY FAVORITE TOPICS IN A SINGLE ARTICLE ,INUX ROBOTS AND SPACE ARE PRETTY MUCH THE KEYWORDS ) LOOK FOR IN ANY BOOK ) READ 0AUL TALKS ABOUT .!3!S WORK REACHING OUT FOR PROBLEM SOLVERS WHO WANT TO CREATE ROBOTS THAT CAN DO SIGNIFICANT WORK IN THE SPACE PROGRAM )F YOURE LOOKING TO MAKE RELIABLE ROBOTS IT MAKES A LOT OF SENSE TO USE ,INUX AS YOUR FOUNDATION )N FACT MANY EMBEDDED SYSTEMS IN ROBOTS USE ,INUX %YSTEIN 3TENBERG FOLLOWS 0AUL WITH A LOOK AT KEEPING THOSE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS UPDATED !LL TOO OFTEN ONCE AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM IS PUT INTO PRODUCTION THE OPERATING system is never updated. It does a single job, and it does it well, so why UPGRADE 7ELL IF THOSE SYSTEMS ARE CONNECTED TO A NETWORK THEYRE A HUGE VECTOR FOR ATTACK %YSTEIN WALKS THROUGH THE COMPLICATED WORLD OF keeping embedded systems secure. 2EGARDLESS OF THE PROBLEM YOU NEED TO SOLVE IF YOURE LIKE ME ,INUX IS ALWAYS ONE OF THE FIRST OPTIONS TO CONSIDER 7HETHER ITS A REAL WORLD problem like your car’s embedded computer getting hacked or an INTELLECTUAL ISSUE REGARDING PHOTOGRAPH COPYRIGHT THIS MONTH WE FOCUS ON FIXING THINGS 7E HOPE THIS ISSUE IS AS USEFUL TO YOU AS IT WAS TO ALL OF US WHO PUT IT TOGETHERQ RETURN TO CONTENTS 9 | April 2017 | http://www.linuxjournal.com LJ276-April2017.indd 9 3/22/17 7:14 PM UPFRONT UPFRONT NEWS + FUN PREVIOUS NEXT V V Current_Issue.tar.gz Editors’ Choice diff -u 7 >̽ÃÊ iÜÊÊÊ iÀiÊ iÛi«iÌ )N THE QUEST FOR EVER LARGER SYSTEMS THE ,INUX KERNEL HAS TO KEEP RETOOLING ITSELF )TS NOT LIKE OTHER SOFTWARE WHERE YOU CAN JUST BUILD A DATA STRUCTURE that can keep growing without bound.
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