'RAPE, ;;.'OF JUS'TICE' Bar Council condemns 'ban' of murder trial '

B:Y GWEN LISTER

THE SWA BAR COUNCIL has condemned the ter­ minalion of criminal proceedings against four whit~ members of the South African Defence Force by the South African State Pr~sident, Mr P W Botha, and the Cabinet of the interim government, saying it constituted 'a gross breach of the Rule of Law and the rape of justice in this country'. Widespread condemnation followed the 'issue' of the cer­ tificate, and the SW A Bar Coun­ cil, the Anglican Diocese, and Roman Catholic Churcb, ha~e '--' already registered their.shock at \he move, The Bar Council, chaired by Mr Bryan O'Linn, said in a press state­ .ment yesterday that it had taken note of an administrative act pur­ porting to be in terms of Section 103 ter (4) of the Defence Act 44 of 1957, in terms of which the criminal proceeding against four , white members of the SADF by the , Attorney General of Namibia for , the alleged murder of Mr Frans 1

continued on page 2 AG take'over averted A TAKEOVER of the interim goverlJment was nar­ rowly averted yesterday when the Full Bench of the Supreme Court ruled against an application by two interim government Ministers, Messrs Moses Katjiuongua ~nd Andreas Shipanga, who sought a

court order to prevent the Administrator General, i Mr Louis Pienaar from signing the 1986187 budget. l .\, In the meantime Mr Pienaar will ahead, . PART OF THE CROWD at a massive Swapo rally in Kat ) sign the budget before midnight If the application had been tonight, and allocations to the se-­ utura last Sunday with an estimated audience of 10 cond tier governments will go Continued on page 3 O~O to 15 000 pe~ple. Full story inside today.

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'. ces you can afford 103 Kaiser st Tel: 31154 WIndhoek · PO Box 21424 2 THE NAMIBI1\N FRIDAY August I 1986 'Rape of justice' Continued from page 1 been given for this action, and since Anglicans condemn 'ban' the law did not prohibit the giving , Uapota, a black Namibian in nor­ of reasons, the 'failure to do so in THERE HAS been widespread members of the South African issuing such a certificate, are deny­ thern 'Namibia during November the cir,cumstances of this case is a condemnation of a certificate Defence Force, to walk away from ing the judicial arm the exercise of 1985, was immediately terminated. further insult and injury to the issued by the South Africa'n State arraignment' . its function in a democratic socie­ The Bar Council registered dependents of the deceased, the President and interim government The Anglican Diocese said that ty to the exclusion of interference 'shock' at the action by the judiciary, the courts, the Atto!"ney Cabinet in terms of Section 103 ' er by the Executive'. . Government of South Africa and General, the legal fraternity and the (4) of the Defence Act of 1957, to Calling on their members, and that of Namibia as they once again citizens of this country'. prevent the murder trial of four members of other religious 'not only makes a mockery of the It added that since the courts SADF soldiers from taking place. denominations to 'renounce and socalled BilI of Fundamental were prevented from establishing The four Defence Force reject this summary act of acquit­ Rights and Objectives incorporated the truth, 'we. have no reason to members, C J Harmse, F J Herbs, tal', the Standing Committee stated in Proclamation Rial of 1985 ... doubt the chilling account given by D F Enslin and J Fernando, ap­ that it was in the 'national interest' but constitutes in general a gross ' some witnesses for the purpose of peared in court in Tsumeb on June of Namibia to bring the alleged breach of the Rule of Law and the a civil action against the Cabinet of 23 but were not asked to plead to criminals to justice and to require rape of justice in this country which the interim government and the a charge of murder arising from the from those vested with authority as bodes ill for . the future of all Administrator General'. death of Mr Frans Vapota, who rulers of this country 'why such an Namibians' . was allegedly beaten to death on act should be condoned in any They pointed out the action was November 28, 1985, near way'. taken in terms of a 'notorious and Ohangwena in northern Namibia. Bishop Kauluma 'Silence on this issue will be con­ draconion parr of the law' which The Standing Committee of the strued as complicity in the destruc­ was in stark conflict with any Bill Anglican Diocese in Namibia, in the absence of the power of the tion of law and order and ' the of Fundamental Rights in civilised meeting on July 30, 'note with hor- . courts to challenge the validity of breaking down of the established countries and which remained ror that the issuing of the the said certificate, and because.the consitutional independence of the unamended, 'notwithstanding abovementioned certificate by the provisions of the said law immunise judiciary' . strong and valid appeals for its Cabinet has effectively condoned those responsible, 'we censure in They added that: 'Should justice amendment by our Bar Council the brutal killing of a Namibian the strongest possible terms both have run its course and the accus­ before the Van Dyk Commission citizen, Mr Frans Uapota, and has . the provision of that statute and ed in fact have been found guilty, on Security Legislation'. allowed the alleged murderers, four those servants of the State who, by the action taken.might be likened 'Even though the Van Dyk Com­ to aiding and abetting the then pro­ mission report was submitted to the ven criminals'. government already in 1985, it has not been made available to the Bar Councilor to the public and securi­ 'Eminent support' 'A mockery of ty laws, such as Section 103 ter of the Defence Act 44 of 1957, still Mr Frans Uapota STAFF REPORTER Bill of Rights' reign supreme', the statement said. The Bar Council then proceed­ THE CHAIRMAN of the I Ai­ He challenged those who con­ The law inter alia empowered the ed to relate a summary of the .cir­ IIGams Action Committee, Mr tinually blamed Swapo for government to prohibit any legal cumstances which led to Mr Matt Esau, said in a statement this violence, to acknowledge that proceedings against persons who Vapota's death, and in which it week that the crowd of 15 000 at violence was 'provoked by the committed the act, included acts of was alleged that Mr Vapota and the Swapo rally had showed the opposition' . murder and robbery, when such act others were 'kicked and beaten' by 'eminent support' that the move­ 'This was clearly proved on Sun­ has been, according to the State members of the SADF. ment enjoyed. day, because 15 000 people dispers­ President, 'advised, commanded, The Bar Council further express­ He also rejected the article in the ed without any violence. Was this ordered, directed or done in good ed dismay at the fact that 'the mouthpiece of the interim govern­ because the police and their sur­ faith ... and that it is in the national government has not thought it fit ment which stated that 4 000 peo­ rogates were evidently absent?' he interest that proceedings should not · to express its regret at the killing of ple had attended the rally. asked. be continued'. an innocent man and to apologise He said that this newspaper and He affirmed that the future of The provisions prohibit any to the wife, dependents, relatives its supporters should admit that Namibia would be determined by court from reviewing, setting aside, . and friends of the deceased and to 'Swapo is a force to be reckoned Namibians and joined Sunday's or declaring void or otherwise ques­ make amends to the dependents'. with. We in I Ai-I IGams will con­ crowd in calling for the immediate tion the validity of the certificate. They said they knew of 'no tinue to support our participating implementation of Resolution 435. The Bar Council added that in reasonable ground' for the conten­ group, Swapo'. this case the Government 'chose the tion that the issuing of a certificate most arbitrarY..J!nd objectionable to prevent the murder trial, was in option provided for, nullifying the the naTIonal interest, but instead FATHER BERNHARD No~ decision of the Attorney General to believed 'we have here a cover-up Windhoek buzzes with dkamp, Vicar General of the prosecute in the name of the State in its most naked form'. Roman Catholic Church, said that on charges of murder and without Meanwhile attorneys for the the issuing of the certificate by the consulting the Attorney General in family of the deceased have con­ rumoured takeover of Cabinet was a 'clear mockery' of the matter and ousted the Courts firmed that an application to set their Bill of Fundamental Rights, jurisdiction altogether'. aside the certificate was presently while they had the 'audacity' to say No reasons or explanation had being considered. local newspaper it was in the national interest. Reacting to the certificate which WINDHOEK newspaper circles are Mr Dieter Lauenstein, of an imminent prevents the bringing to trial of awash with speculation concerning the closure. At the time of going to press, four SADF soldiers for the alleged takeover of certain newspapers. it appeared that the rift had been heal­ murder of a citizen of northern Mr Peter Meinert, Managing Direc­ ed, but the but Thursday's edition car, Namibia, Father Nordkamp said tor of the Meinert publishing group, ried a notice on the front page stating: the Roman Catholic Church 'con­ which runs the Windhoek Advertiser 'The Publishers of the Windhoek demns this act and prays that and Allgemeine Zeitungconfirmed 'in­ Adv.ertiser have decided that in future ternal problems', but denied a possible the editorial policy of the newspaper justice be done in Namibia'. 'RE sale of the Advertiser to the Swanu will concentrate on the economic and He expressed shock at the move, (MPC) and Swapo D groups in the in- commercial aspects of the community'. adding that his Church was of the terim government. . It is believed the problems were of opinion that the murder of the It was reported that staff of the both a financial and political nature. civilian was not 'taken in good English daily were unsure of their The newspaper also refused to publish faith' as ' the South African State future, and had already been informed an advertisement concerning a public President and interim government I -by ' ~he owner of the publishing house, meeting held by Swapo recently. Cabinet claimed. NO MORE .HASSLES with your catering' ...

. Come celebrate with us. For the ... if you let the experts do it! entire month of August, we're of­ fering prizes and specials, e.g. 10% off on any order of more Liquor Den than 50 T-shirts. To qualify, just , ' cut out this ad and bring it to us " with your order. and Happy Birthday! camel King Chicken LIQUOR DEN at your service graphics . Tel: 38854 - for weddings - birthdays - cocktail parties - etc Textile Printing & Graphic Design • Free quotations • CoJtl\Petitive prices KING CHICKEN • Quick service • EverY!f11ng supplied '41 8ahnhof Street Tel: 22-5941 Tel: 226400 ------ALL IN ONE SERVICE-- THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 3 Military hires private plane with Swabc on board for rally

THE AIRCRAFT which con­ pany, Metra, confirmed that the sistently flew low over ,the Swapo aircraft was his and that he also meeting on Sunday, flown by a piloted it on Sunday during the member of the Military and with a Swapo meeting. SWABC TV cameraman on board, He also confirmed that his air- , has unleashed a storm of con- craft was hired by Western Air

o troversy, with the Chairman of Command at RIOO an hour for SW ABC, Mr Piet Venter, accusing 'reasons unknown'. The Namibian of being counter­ Mr Piet Venter when approach­ THE plane which flew low over the Swapo rally last Sunday. productive and only reporting ed for comment as to why the 'negatively' on the activities of the ;::'WABC did not screen the footage . Corporation. on television, replied that the Cor­ The aircraft, with the registra­ poration utilised every possible tion ZS CFM, aroused the curiosi­ mea'ns when it came to saving Government takeover averted ty of many of the audience and money, and that the SW ABC also Continued from page 1 likewise journalists 'attending the wanted to cover the event. When In an opposing affidavit, Mr that 'damage' would result if the meeting and investigations led a asked why the footage was not granted, and the budget frozen, Pienaar said that it was in the application was turned down. He reporter of the Namibian to Eros televised; Mr Venter replied that then Mr Louis Pienaar would have 'public interest that the application said that the government had a du­ airport where he noted a SW ABC 'nothing eventful' , happened and been forced to take over the reins for an interim order should be ty to maintain the infrastructure of camaramen and Defence Force per­ that the meeting was reported on of government in the territory. turned down because it would the country, and provide essential sonnel getting off the plane. the radio. , In the application, the Fuli disrupt' the government of the services, and that this would not No SWABC TV crew was in at­ Mr Venter then proceeded to at­ Bench of the SupreI!1e Court, country. possible unless the budget was tendance at the meeting and it was tack The Namibian, saying it presided over by the Judge Presi­ The Applicants objected to the approved. subsequently confirmed that the 'always reported neg'!tively on the dent, Mr Hans Berker, ruled that allocation ' of certain funds in the He also' denied ,that there was an aircraft was hired by Western Air activities of the SW ABC', and in , he had no choice in the matter, and budget, since the 'allocation for­ 'inequality' in the division of funds Command of the SADF. contrast the SW ABC 'was there to regretted that he had to refuse to mula does not treat all citizens of between the various ethnic groups. Mr Trevor Duncan, ow'ner of a serve the interests of the public in grant the'application, and postpon- . SW A/Namibia 'equally'. Windhoek-based transport com- general'. ed the matter of costs. ,Mr Fanuel Tjingaete, senior He also said the matter of Pro­ researcher of Transcontinental clamation AG 8 was dropped by Consultancy, said in an affidavit agreement of the parties. that 'a 'same amount of money Your last chance! Meanwhile the self-styled should be available for every citizen 'government of national unity' did of Namibia in respect of education, Only valid until 15 August not present a united front in court, health and any other services to since interim government Minister, which he may be entitled, irrespec­ Mr Andrew MatjiJa, testified tive of his ethnic origin.' He add­ against his colleagues. ed that it was clear that this was not The first and second applicants the principle presently being were Mr Moses Katjiuongua and adopted by the interim AN UNBEATABU Mr Andreas Shipanga respectively, government. and the Administrator General, Mr Mr Andrew Matjila, Cabinet Louis PieBaar, the first respondent, Chairman, said in an affidavit that with the Cabinet of the interim he denied that the application was government as the second respon­ brought on a basis of urgency JHOUR FOTOLAB OFFERI dent in the matter. He stated further that he denied

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4 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 Bombs' rock -Angola invasion soon?-- - homes in ANGOLAN President Jose dqs Khomasdal Santos said 20 000 South African troops were massed in Namibia and town ready to launch an attack on his country using hundreds of tanks, of Katutura planes, helicopters and missiles;the official Angolan News Agency BY JOHN LIEBENBERG reported. Mr dos Santos, addressing TWO BOMB explosions in tIJe ear­ African leaders at the Organisation ly hours of Thursday morning of African Unity summit in Addis rocked Katutura and Khomasdal, Ababa, also strongly attacked US causing damage to property. backing for Angolan rebels, saying The bombs, both alleg\!dly President Ronald Reagan was planted at the back and front doors retaliating against Angola for its of two houses, the one in Khomasqal and the other in Katutura, exploded virtually simultaneously, causing minimum damage, with no loss or injury to anyone. The Police this morning con­ tinued with the investigations through piles of rubble and glass, after the bombs, descibed by Police Liason officer Inspector Tubby Kaaijk as 'small charges of ex­ plosives'. They exploded at the respective homes of Mr Hewat Beukes in Khomasdal and Mr FLASHBACK to South African withdrawal from Angola in the mid: Se,venties. Thomas Ndungua in Katutura, but the origin . and make of the ex­ backed by up to 90 military aircraft Dismissing Mr dos Santos' state­ African planes had violated plosives used is not yet known. Eduardo dos Santos and 50 combat and transport ment as 'propaganda' an SADF Angolan airspace 90 times in the' The incident follow charges by helicopters in readiness for an im­ spokesman in Pretoria said that past six months, dropping troops police that a unknown man was be­ support for black 'nationalist minent strike. 'the Defence Force has repeatedly and aid for Unita deep inside ing treated in Katutura State movements in South Africa and Five South African Battalions stressed that it has no quarrel with Angolan territory. Hospital after losing his hand when Namibia. stationed along Namibia's border its neighbours but actively wishes a detonator exploded on Monday Mr dos Santos said the South with _Angola also were making to live in peace with them'. The Angolan President's charges night, and that 400 grams of plastic African military buildup in the regular incursions into southern 'At the same time the Defence of an imminent South African at­ explosives' were found in Soweto north of Namibia, 300km from the Angola, attacking 'army defences Force has a duty to protect tack, came amid allegations that the following morning . . border with Angola, involved 120 and ec!?nomic targets and South everybody from terroris't attacks preparations were underway for An unidentified man was being tanks, 350 heavy artillery pieces, African planes were dropping arms and will therefore seek out and what could be a decisive battle bet­ held in custody' after the Monday . 800 armoured cars and 60 ground­ to guerrillas of the rebel movement destroy terrorists wherever they ween Angolan forces and the night incident according to Police to-air missile systems. Unita, the Agency quoted Mr dos may be skulking', he added. rebels, who are backed by South sources. He said the g~oundforces were Santos as saying. Mr dos Santos said that 74 South Africa and the US. ECP students must register YOUR EXPERT IN LIGHTING,' before August 8 11LES SANITARY WARE & THE ACADEMY has called on all full-time ECP 1 and 2 students to take note that registration for the matric exam must be done before August 8 and students must register at their nearest centre. Students have also been reminded to indicate that the exam will be written at centre W0090. H. perstling Should students forget to register for the exam, they will Windhoek business 31 Garten St . not be allowed to write. Tel. 26966 After hours: 26 Leutwein street For further information, Tel. 24851 Christine Miller can be con­ tacted at 5 Brahms Street, Windhoek. Chamber music soiree at PUBLIC MEETING the Space' on Sunday

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ALTHOUGH the recently-enacted per day or in the aggregate to 10 Conditions of Employment Act, 12 hours per week and payment for of 1986, does not 'provide for a overtime must be calculated not number of basic and important less than one and a third times the employment rights such as a ordinary wage of the employee. minimum wage, unfair labour practices and unemployment in­ Work on Sundays surance, this new Act does contain certain important safeguards and No employee may work on Sunday creates certain new rights for without the written permission of workers not previously enjoyed in the Secretary of Manpower unless Nainibia. the employee has to perform Unfortunately employees engag­ emergency work or certain loading ed in domestic service in a private or unloading work. household or in connection with However, if an employee works the tending of a garden of a private on a Sunday, he/ she must receive home and farm workers are exclud­ special remuneration for the work ed from the provision relating to at the rate of being paid for a full maximum weekly hours, maximum day if the work is for less than four daily hours, extension of ordinary hours or at the rate of one and a hours, meal intervals, overtime and third times the ordinary wage for work on Sundays. Demonstrator the actual time worked, and within salespersons, property salesper­ seven days must be granted one sons, travellers and insurance day's leave on full pay. agents, as well as those enjoying managerial status are also exclud­ Applicable to domestic and ROAD WORKERS digging trenches. ed from these provisions. farm workers as well The following provisions apply to other workers: The following provisions are also notice period may not run concur­ tion of a contract of employment. any female worker to work in a fac­ applicable to domestic and farm rently with the employee's annual The provisions relating to termina­ tory _during the period commenCing Maximum weekly ordinary workers, as well as demonstrator leave or military training. tion of service and certificates of four weeks beforeJhe expected date , working hours salespersons, etc and those in The pay during the notice period service do not apply to casual of her ' confinement and ending, ~ managerial positions. may not be lower than the ordinary employees. eighLweeks after her confinement. 46 hours per week, excluding meal - An employer and employee may rate. A contract can be validly ter­ None of the above provisions ap­ intervals, but 60 hours per week in mutually agree on wages being paid minated without the required Records plies to government service the case of guards or security weekly, fortnightly or monthly, notice if an employee receives the employees whose conditions of ser- , guards, which inclu~es meal and unless a casual employee has - same amount he/she would have Employers are required to keep cere vice are determined by other intervals. concluded an agreement with received if the contract had been tain records of employees. legislation. his/her employer, he/she must be terminated with the required Maximum daily ordinary -paid daily. notice. Prohibition of certain SUPPORT working hou~s An employee must receive the employment remuneration within 15 minutes Certificates of Service OUR 9 and a half hours per day, ex­ after completion of the working Employers are prohibited from cluding meal intervals for a five day hours on the pay day. The An employee is entitled to a cer­ employing persons under the age of ADVERTISERS! working week; 8 hours per day ex­ remuneration must be handed to tificate of service upon the termina- 15 years or requiri~g or permitting cluding meal intervals for a six day the employee in a sealed envelope working week; 8 and a half hours or together with a statement in­ per day excluding meals for a six clicating how the remuneration is day working week if the employee calculated. works not more than 5 hours on one day of the week. Termination of contracts The one that turns In the case of casual employees of employment 9 and a quarter hours per day and mountains into in the case of guards or security If a contract is terminated within guards, 12 hours per day, including the first four weeks of employ­ meal intervals for a five day work­ ment, an employer or employee molehills! ing week and 10 hours per day in­ who intends doing so, must give the cluding meal intervals for a six day other party ' one working day's working week. ' notice of the intention to do so. In the case of contracts of Meal intervals employment exceeding four weeks, notice of a termination must be After an employee has worked con­ given as follows by the employee or tinuously for five hours, his employer: employer must grant him a meal in­ a) One week, if the employee's terval of not less than one hour, but wage is paid weekly; this interval may be shortened to b) Two weeks, if the employee's not less than 30 minutes by wage is paid fortnightly; agreement'. c) One month, if the employee's An employer may not require or wage is paid monthiy; permit his employee to work dur­ Except with illiterate employees, ing his or her meal interval. the notice of termination must be given in writing. Notice of termina­ Overtime tion of employment may not be given during an employee's sick Overtime is limited to three hours leave or annual leave, and the

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TEL. 2-6923 / 6 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August I 1986 Victim of racial attack

CINDY LOU TURNER, from STAFF REPORTER ly run by the Evangelical Lutheran England who is presently teaching Church in Namibia (Rhenish Mis­ at the Martin Luther Higli_Sch'ool Both of them see the incident as sion), and is well known for its near Omaruru, narrowly escap'ed commitment to English as -the . I a racist attack. fatal injury when she was the vic- The 25 year old Ms Turner came medium of instruction. She is also tim of a hit-and-run acddent last to Namibia seven months ago from . a member of the . Quaker Inter­ week. .. .; .- England to help fill the shortage of natinal Organisation. " Ms Turner w'as taking .a strol ~ i)1 staff faced by the Martin Luther Commenting on the incident she Leutwein Street and vi~wi.ng t'{1e High $chool. .TOe school is private- said · that it was to be expected, 'Kristuskirche' . together :-vith :'1- although some people are claiming friend from Ka~~tur~ when sud: that apartheid ·is no longer alive in denly a Toyota van droVe toward~ Namibia. 'But this attempt on my them. ". ~'" life particularly ,served to According to M~ Lazarus i:)~nge- : strepgthen my commitment to the inge who was :accomp'qnying Miss.: destruction of apartheid,' she said. Turner, an'd who' noticed the ori~' Bishop Hel1ctrik Frederick of the coming car firs.t', the .,ac't 'was ,inten­ EV<;lnEelical Lutheran Church tional because, the vehicle was b~~ which is responsible for the pro­ ing driven in the far ··QPposite lane gI;amme \yhich. invited Ms Turner when they · were walking on the to,Na·mibia unre~ervedly condeII1n- ed the attack. ' ' pave~en t. , ~. '. .. .~ 'When such things happen it is 'Thi vehi~le then sha~~ty ~·,:,e;v.­ an indication that there are still ed towards us and narrow,ly. miss,­ people who stm wish to hold on to ed Cindy, but fortunately I pulled apartheid. We want peaceful her abruptly out of the way. Was cooexistence in, our cou·ntry.' it 'not for that she would haye been He concluded: 'As for Cindy, run over 'because the car was'being she was walking with Dengeinge driven at high speed,' Dengeinge because she regards him as a fellow said. human being. We are all Gods' - . Afterwards the vehicle im­ children, and we must know that Victim of white vigilantes - the elderly Mr Shiimi. mediately sped off In the opposite Cindy Lou Turner this sort of behaviour will not get direction. us anywhere.' Whites ·assault New moves by Staff Association elderly black MR JOHANNES Shiimi, a Mr Shiimi, a kindly old man, THE OFFICIAL channels for handling visers at all levels in the Service. Katutura resident, this week told of . said that the only alternative left to grievances in the Government Service Mr Hattie added that di scussions a horrific experience when on his him and his friend. was to flee, but had now been formalised in the Staff were presently underway with the Cen­ way to work he was confronted by because of his age the youths Code, said Mr Alan Hattie, Chairman tral Personnel Institution to allow these of the Government Service Staff Association members to devote some of five white men who first tried to quickly caught up with him. He Association in a press release last week. their official working hours to assisting run him and a friend down and said that two of the youths held Mr Hattie said that this now placed their aggrieved colleagues. then proceeded to assault them. him by both arms and proceeded ·a heavy emphasis on the supervisor, and 'A number of finer details still have Mr Shiimi, 55, and the father of to kick and beat him, later leaving allowed the Staff Association to be call­ to be worked out, but it is hoped that II children, said that he and a him to chase after his friend who ed upon to assist if certain avenues members of the Staff Association across friend were on their way to work they also caught up with and ' have not yielded a satisfactory the country will now start organising at a Windhoek bakery on July 17, assaulted. solution' . themselves into groups and start con­ at 02H40, when a white car with a Mr Shiimi said that he stayed on He said that because of ignorance sidering who in their midst they would Tsumeb registration with five the' road until friends helped him concerning the official channels, or like to act on their behalf. This is, in distrust of them, these formal avenues any case, the way a representative ·youths in it, drove straight towards to work where his employer then were often ineffective. Mr Alan Hattie labour organisation should grow, from them, forcing them to run for cover took him to hospital. However negotiations had led to the the shop-floor up', Mr Hattie in nearby bushes, on the turnoff to Mr Shiimi said that he had laid concept of advisers being nominated at hand, he said, the Government Service concluded. the old Okahandja road. a charge with the Police. all levels within the ranks of the Staff Commission had approved a new com­ Association, and in this way, he add­ prehensive section of the $taff Code, ed, the Association would build up a which dealt with grievances and An 'inappropriate' education system true 'shop,f1oor' presentation. representations. THE SEMINAR on Appropriate upgraded by distance teaching, vacation * the government should differentiate Efforts were not being made to On the other hand, the Staff Associa­ Education organised by Tucsin focuss­ schools and seminars; education after the junior secondary remedy the situation where too much tion was pleased that negotiations had ed mainly on academic education, said level and establish trade schools for of a credibility gap existed between led to the Staff Association members a press release from the organisation. * individual student counselling should pupils who will not pursue an academic worker and supervisor. On the one being able to nominate their own ad- Participants felt the country was suffer­ be intensified at all levels; training; ing from the consequences of an inap· * an exchange of students and teachers, * research, both pure and applied, propriate education system. both at local and international level, should be conducted into all fields rele­ should take place to encourage contact vant to Namibia; Fourteen proposals were formulated, with the outside world; • the University Centre for Studies in which included: * for undergraduate studies at univer­ Namibia should continue its policy of * there should be a democratic ap­ sity level, students should go to African suggesting research themes for students Our food proach to education, and parents countries and further abroad for qualifying for higher degrees; should take an active part and teachers graduate studies; * the educational system should foster should assist in designing curricula; * communication with a wider interna­ a greater sense of pride and self­ is • educational structures should be . tional community should be fostered by confi"dence among Namibians, by in­ marked by an openess allowing for' flex­ introducing English as the medium of volving people in constructive activities; ibility and adaptability; instruction; . * safeguards must be formulated and irresistible! • local resources should be tapped and • the Namibian education system con­ implemented which would ensure that enhanced by an enlightened attitude centrated on academic education and the education system was not towards knowledge; too little was done to provide vocational manipulated to serve the interests of any PHONE IN AND ORDER - READY iN 5 MINUTES * teachers qualifications should be training; political group.

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SW A VLEIS Management was this workers and that the new rule ap­ BY RAJAH MUNAMAVA week tight-lipped and flatly refus­ plied only to the casual (black) ed to answer or comment about a them or alternatively to all workers group at the moment. document in which the 'shortening irrespective of colour. He defended the new system say­ of working hours and less pay' was An irate Mr Norwie, Assistant ing that while in the past', the com­ stated and made applicable to the General Manager said that he had pany had to retrench workers, they black staff of the company only, the impression that The Namibian had presently decided against giving sequel to bitter complaints had an 'antagonistic attitude' retrenchment to avoid workers 'los­ and a threat to strike by the black towards the factory and manage­ ing their jobs. workers at the Windhoek factory. ment adding that it was his com­ Approached for comment in­ A management minute paper of pany policy not to talk to the press terim government Minister of a m.eeting held on the 15th July without the approval of the Health and Welfare Mr Moses Kat­ read: 'Aile nie-blarike week loners General Manager and refused to jiuongua said that it was his policy sal vanaf 21/7/86 op die 6 uur 10 answer any further questions. He not to talk to The Namibian. He ' minute skaal kom'. Angry workers added that Interim Government added that he had no personal pro­ have called upon the interim Minister of Health, Social Welfare blems with the reporter and said government to intervene saying and Manpower Mr Moses Kat­ that he and the newspaper were that it was evident that the move jitiongua had been to the factory 'not on the same path'. was based on racial discrimination on the iss],le and that any other and was not solely a matter of an questions could be answered by A letter to the Minister from the economic necessity. They question­ him. General Manager of Swavleis s.aid ed why the shortening of working In another interview, the Win­ that the issue was a 'question of an hours was not made applicable to dhoek plant Manager Mr Manie unfortunate mistake' of words other race groups if it was meant Grobler revealed that his factory minuted by an employee who was. to prevent financial losses by the employed 75 workers on perma­ untrained in the type of work. The company. nent basis and that about 30' of letter assured Mr Katjiuongua that They argued that it was the other them were Coloureds and the rest the matter was not based on any race groups which earned more whites. He confirmed that no discriminatory practice and that money and enjoyed some privileges blacks were employed on a perma­ there was no reference to colour. and that it would have done more nent basis. Mr Grobler further said 'Steps are being taken to avoid good if the reduction in working that there were two categories of a recurrence of the situation in the hours and wages were applied to (casual . and salaried) future' the letter said. Tjongarero's YWCA approved constituted a denial of human THE CONTROVERSIAL state­ tion and the Executive Committee rights to the people of Namibia and ment which caused some 'stir' in has conferred recognition to the aggravated the worsening condi­ certain ranks of the YWCA in YWCA group led by Mrs tions in the country. which the Association's President Tjongarero as President'. ' 'By this we re-affirm our support Mrs Agnes Tjongarero criticised The World YWCA also express­ of the UN Resolution 435, the im­ the interim government as being ed its deep concern over the refusal plementation of the World YWCA 'unrepresentative' has been ratified of South Africa to unconditional­ statements on human rights and the and approved by the World ly implement United Nation,s WORKER at Swavleis. dismantling of apartheid and sup­ YWCA. Security Council Resolution 435. The persistent refusal by Pretoria port of our sisters in Namibia'.

At a World YWCA Executive Institute for Town &Regional Planning Committee meeting in France on 12th July, the Association's Presi­ A SOUTH WEST Institute for ordination), Mr J de Kock dent Ms Ann Northcote said that Town and Regional Planners was (Secretary, Directorate Develop­ the statement by YWCA (Namibia) formed last week at a meeting at­ ment Co-ordination), Mr F Frank­ President Mrs Agnes Tjongarero tended by 17 of the 18 practising Schultz (Windhoek Municipality). was not contrary to the declared Town and Regional Planners of The Council was instructed to policy of the World YWCA on Namibia. carry out the following initial Namibia and South Africa and that -. Town and Regional Planners are assignments: the views expressed were consistent Winter clothing at very of the opinion that better dient • The presentation of a submis­ with the World Association's relations, as well as more profes­ sion concerning the SWA Act on declared position on the interim low prices sional services will evolve as a result Town and Regional Planning to the government and 'its discriminatory of the establishment of this In­ Depa{tment of Governmental Af­ system together with the South For Ladies and Girls, Gents stitute, which is aimed at acting in fairs for the Cabinet and Govern­ African government'. the interest of Town and Regional ment Legal Advisers; The World YWCA further con­ and Boys: Planners and their clients. • Draw up a constitution for the ferred its recognition to the YWCA The first Council of this Institute Institute; group in Namibia led by Mrs elected consists of the following , . ' Draw up the necessary regula­ Tjongarero saying that only one Pyjamas Track Suits YWCA could be recognised in one • • members: tions and rules as stipulated by the T-Shirts Trousers Mr G Merrington (NBIC), Mr JG Act; country. 'Your application and in­ • • van der Merwe (Plan • Liaise with the South African formation already with us con­ Shirts Blouses Medewerkers), Mr H Fourie (Direc­ Institute of Town and Regional formed to the World YWCA con­ • • torate Development Co- Planners. stitutional requirements for affilia- Skirts • Girls'dresses • . .. and much more First Industrial Conciliation Board less 35 0/0 AN INDUSTRIAL Conciliatiol,1 ed in accordance with the Or­ Mr PJ Boonzaaier. Board was instituted this week bet­ dinance on Salaries and Industrial F9r employees - ween the Municipal Council of Conciliation, was formed as Mr J Fisch, Mr PB van Rhyn, Mr All ladies' dresses Keetmanshoop and the South West follows; JCB Schoeman. African Municipal Staff Associa­ Mr JWF Booysen was elected 0/0 tion (SWAMSA). For employers - Chairman and Mr EGC Snyman as less 50 The Conciliation Board, compil- Mr OV Plichta, Mr TW Probart, secretary. The aim of the Conciliation PLANT A TREE ON AUGUST 8! Board is to mediate in specific dif­ You will also find a stand ferences occuring in respect of per­ NATIONAL Arbour Day reaffirms the attitude of people towards their sonnel affairs between parties . with ladies' clothing, and on the unbreakable bond between man . environment; are necessary aspects After completing its work, the and his environment, in particular in the protection and responsibili­ Conciliation Board will report to a special table other winter trees, and in Namibia, with its ex­ ty of their surroundings. the Cabinet. treme heat, harsh terrain and The Council for the Environment Good progress was made during items at drastically reduced deserts, trees are even more has appealed to all instances and the firs t meeting of the Board and precious. schools to plant a tree on this day. it was decided to appoint an expert prices. So, next Friday, August 8, plant It was advised that indigenous Working Committee to do in depth a tree, preferably an indigenous one. trees, which are adjusted to the ex­ investigations of problem areas and Arbour Day has been very suc­ treme climate of Namibia be to make recommendations in this Open on Saturday afternoons ~ cessful in the past, a fact which can planted. regard. and Sundays ' ~ be attributeQ to the concern of !coal National Arbour Day also serves The full Cont,:iliation Board is to authorities, schools and other as a reminder to every inhabitant of meet from time to time to monitor organisations. the country as to their responsibility the progress of the Working Com­ WOERMANN, BROCK ~~:: Trees in towns and villages, and towards the environment. - mittee. ~~WINDHOEK ~ MEDIA TEAM -

THE 18TH century house in which As the boycotted and ruined Commonwealth Games close in seven Commonwealth leaders are Edinburgh, seven Commonwealth leaders will meet in London holding their fateful meeting on to discuss South Africa. If the talks fail, a full Commonwealth South Africa is crumbling and soon to undergo a major structural summit is likely to be called, at which the very existence of the facelift. The seven may well wonder Commonwealth will be at stake. The crisis arises from Margaret as they sit under the dazzling Thatcher's stubborn resistance to sanctions. Sto~ng up the row, chandeliers in Marlborough House, reports Derek Ingram of Gemini News Service, is the regime in .how far an analogy is to be drawn Pretoria. in terms of the Commonwealth. The meeting . will certainly be more fateful than anyone imagin­ ed likely when it was provided for the full summit held in Nassau, the CRISIS·SU Bahamas, last October. If the seven cannot agree in Marlborough House, an emergen­ cy meeting of all the Com­ monwealth leaders will be called. Many have already made it known that if the whole future of the 'Commonwealth is to be debated, then decisions must be taken by all of them, and not just by seven of the 49: The emergency meeting could take place as soon as the end of September, or early October. It would be only the second such emergency summit in Com­ ·monwealth history. The first, in Lagos in January Rajiv Gandhi Robert Mugabe Lynden Pindling Bob Hawke 1966, was. _c_alled to discuss Rhodesia. It was there that British PM, India PM, Zimbabwe PM, Bahamas PM, Australia Prime Minister Harold Wilson said that sanctions would end Ian Smith's rebellion in 'weeks rather They are now having con­ than months'. siderable success. In recent weeks, In fact, it lasted another fourteen politicians in Britain and major sec­ years. tions of the media have been fall­ A crucial event on the opening ing over themselves to proclaim that day of the London summit on Sun­ the Commonwealth is a myth, ex­ day (August 3), will be dinner at isting only to satisfy the British ego Buckingham Palace to be given for and to cushion it against the reali­ the seven leaders by Queen ty that the Empire is no more. Elizabeth. It is no coincidence that almost News of the invitation fuelled all those making this same point are speculation about the Queen's con­ friends of South Africa, most of cern for the- future of the Com­ them postively pro-Pretoria. monwealth and of her disagreement The South African machine has with the strong line taken by British worked long and hard over many . Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher years to fuel them with ideas . against sanctions. When the leaders meet in Lon­ One prediction - perhaps the don therefore, South Africa will be Kenneth Kaunda Margaret Thatcher Brian Mulroney only prediction - that can be made hoping fo an outcome that stokes with certainty about the London hostility in Britain to a Com­ Pres. Zambia PM, Britain PM,Canada ' summit is that the South African monwealth which is pledged in government-will be watching with several summit. communiques to rivetted attention. work for a majority government in the summit with a package of stage. South Africa - specifically. a It will be hoping to see the South Africa. measures, but they are unlikely to A full emergency summit, which British proposal to resume arms meeting break up in disarray. There Its New Delhi communique in be enough to satisfy the other six could be in India, will bring the sales. is nothing they would more dearly 1983 said that 'only the eradication leaders. Commonwealth back to a situation like to see happen than the collapse of apartheid and the establishment Without some dramatic change all too reminiscent of the Singapore At that meeting, the Com­ of the Commonwealth. of majority rule on the basis of free in her position and attitude, a stor­ meeting of 1971, which also monwealth leaders looked over the In the last few weeks, it has seen and fair exercise of universal adult my meeting is certain, but any brought the Commonwealth to the brink and did not like what they tantalising glimpses of this suffrage by all the people in a withdrawal from the Com­ point of collapse. saw. They pulled back - and in the possibility. The reduction of the united and non-fragmented South monwealth will not come at that The issue then, as now, was . end Britain did not sell the arms. Commonwealth Games to virtual­ Africa can lead to a just and lasting ly an all-white affair, has played solution of the explosive situation right into South African hands. prevailing in Southern Africa: The Games have always been the Margaret Thatcher was a party to greatest popular manifestation of that communique. 'Tyranny is colour-blind' the Commonwealth. A commentary on South African UGANDAN President Yoweri 'Tyranny is colour-blind and is no less ments to the resolutions endorsed by Mrs Thatcher's stubborn stand radio in July, praising Mrs Thatcher Museveni, "in his maiden speech at a reprehensible when it is committed by their foreign ministers at last week's led to major boycotts that may have for her stand on sanctions, said that Pan-African summit, broke with pro­ one of our own kind', he said in his ad­ preparatory meeting. wrecked the Games for ever. the Commonwealth, far from being tocol this week to atta~k Africa's long dress at the Organisation of African They recommended condemning five The Commonwealth has been a _ threatened by disintegration, is silence while his predel essors massacred Unity (OAU) summit. Western states, Britain, France, Israel, his countrymen. thorn in Pretoria's flesh ever since already drifting apart. He dismissed the argument that to West Germany and the Us for their co­ condemn deposed Ugandan Presidents operation with SA, and suggested volun­ South Africa gave up its member­ It said the whole 'fiasco' of at­ Idi Amin and Milton Obote, would have tari measures against Britain to per­ ship in 1961. tempts to force Britain to apply been unjustifiable interference in Ugan­ suade it to drop its opposition to It is, after all, probably the most sanctions unveiled the true inten­ da's internal affairs. sanctions. effective global forum for resistance tions of 'blackmailing' Com­ 'We do not accept this reasoning ... Conference sources said the resolu­ to apartheid. monwealth members. we hold this excuse should never be us­ tions were strong enough. in language to Over many years documents such The language is the same as that ed as a cloak for genocide. satisfy the radicals, and not specific as the 1977 Gleneagles agreement used by a number of newspapers 'Over a period of 20 years nearly three enough in practice for the conservatives on sporting contacts and the 1979 and commentators in Britain. quarters of a million Ugandans perish­ to press the other heads of state to time ed at the hands of governments that them down. Lusaka Declaration on Racism and President Kaunda, who has should have protected them. - Sapa-Reuter Racial Prejudice, have reminded the threatened to pull Zambia out of 'Ugandans feel a deep sense of world of the South African the Commonwealth if Mrs That­ betrayal that most of Africa kept silent problem. cher does not show that Britain is while tyrants killed them', he said. Commonwealth persistence in moving towards sanctions, is well . He did not spare the South African the struggle to end white rule in aware that the demise of the Com- · Government in Pretoria either, ad­ Rhodesia and its success in moving monwealth can only be to South vocating armed struggle if Pretoria per­ Britain to negotiating for Zimbab­ Africa's satisfaction. sisted in refusing to dismantle its apar­ wean independence in 1980 finally His threat is serious, and intend­ theid sYstem. outwitted South African ed to focus Mrs Thatcher and President Museveni African leaders at the summit mean­ manoeuvres to buttress the minori­ while moved on to debate a 37-point everyone else in the Commonwealth agenda topped by the issue of sanctions ty government of Ian Smith. Mr Museveni, who promised Ugan­ on the seriousness of the situation. against South Africa and the Conti­ For these reasons, Pretoria has If carried out, the whole Com­ dans a new deal when he took power in January, said the G:ontinent's indif­ nent's crippling external debt. never ceased to usc its powerful monwealth could begin to unravel ference to bloodshed in Uganda under­ With the closed-door session of the friends in Britain and elsewhere to in exactly the way the Com­ mined its moral authority to condemn summit having only 36 hours to run, undermine, divide and devalue the monwealth Games have done. the excesses of others, especially those there is little scope for the African Commonwealth. Mrs Thatcher is sure to come to of the South African Government. leaders to agree on substantive amend- THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August I 1986 9 'SA 'will not commit suicide' 'I CAN never commit suicide by ac­ out, elements which were obstruc­ co-operation we find that western Mr Botha said he would 'quite '. 'However, we believe that cepting threats and prescriptions ting the government from using the democracies and totalitarian, states candidly' be prepared to release dialogue should not inevitably have ' from outside forces and hand key. alike, are neither prepared to Mandela the moment 'he is 'the end result of jeopardising the South Africa over to Communist During their discussions, Mr acknowledge the sincerity of our ef­ prepared to abandon violence, self-determination of the groups forces in disguise', the State Presi­ Botha had posed a number of ques­ forts nor to granrus the opi:lOrtuni­ thereby making it possible to have and communities in our multi- dent, Mr PW Botha, said on Tues­ tions for Sir Geoffrey, relating to ty to achieve out goals, proper discussions with him in cir- racial 'countrY, but that it must be day, adding that if sanctions had to key issues not only in South African 'We pr~fer to have normal rela­ , cuinstances of peace, .. ' an instrument of hope, peace and be imposed against South Africa, politics, but in many pther tions with other civilised states, but 'I also told him that there could • freedom ' for alL there would be no alternative but countries. we cannot allow uncalled for direct be no talks with the ANC as long ' Quoting from his discussion with to preserve the national interest. 'If we can reach agreement on interference in our internal affairs, as they are under Communist con- '. Sir GeoffreY, Mt Botha said 'IT is Speaking at a press conference these questions and their answers, which could only lead to confusion 'trol and that its unbanning can only our impression that the EC is after meeting the British Foreign I believe that we have the key to the and deterioration of relationships', take place ,if they abandon violence · threatening us with sanctions inter Secretary Sir Geoffrey Howe, he both within and outside our coun­ and take part in peaceful processes alia because some of our said it was ,clear he, as a represen­ try', Mr Botha said. in South Africa'. ' neighbouring countries have urged tative of the European community, During his discussion with with He had. impressed on Sir Geof- members of the community to do was not interested in postive policy Sir Geoffrey, he had informed him frey that South Africa should be so. matters in' South Africa, but had of the 'vast and comprehensive pro­ left in peace. He had urged Sir Geoffrey to corne mainly to bring pressure to gramme' carried out in South 'There are enough authentic and_ suggest to those neighbouring states bear for the incondltional release of Africa and explaine'd to what extent representative leaders in this coun- that it was necessary for them to set Nelson Mandela and the unbann­ • the black countries in particillar, as try with whom we can iron out our an example by initiating com- ing of the African National well as other neighbouring states future, dispensation. :: prehensive sanctions against South Congress. were dependent on the Republic. 'We are making headway and the Africa themselves. Mr Botha challenged those of He had also said that the world reaction to our proposal about the In conclusion, Mr Botha said he South Africa's neighbours who ' at large should take a greater in­ National Council is so Qverwhelm- derived no satisfaction at all from were urging the EC to impose sanc- . terest in the real.re-development of ing that lam optimistic we will the knowledge that sanctions would tions, to take the initiative Southern African states, 'because make the necessary progress', Mr hurt these states even more than themselves and to do so first. we prefer to ' have prosperous Botha said. ' they would hurt South Africa. 'They should have the courage of neighbours'. The South African Government their convictions instead of conti­ 'But it was quite clear to me that was resolutely committed to nuing to enjoy the considerable Sir Geoffrey was not interested in dialogue as part of its efforts to benefits of close association with these positive policy matters: broaden democracy in the country. Shock move South Africa, while leaving it to others to pay the price of sanctions: IN A SHOCK move, the Govern­ Mr Botha also proposed joint ment has reversed a reform - made meetings with 'other Southern Five dead? only a month ago - permitting African leaders as well as leaders of solution and that we will be able to students of all 'races to stay in the European Community' to joint­ jointly help in solving the problems FIVE PEOPLE, including three and members of his Cabinet since university residences. policemen, are believell to have died early morning. ly identify and address the 'pro­ worldwide'. Students,and scholars of all races in an attack on the Umtata Police A Fire Department spokesman blems to which my government is The questions posed by Mr will now only be able to attent Station late on Wednesday night, confirmed that the Fire Brigade committed and will continue until Botha were: ' 'white' educational institutions 'for but senior police officers have had been called to the Police Sta­ our goals are reached: o Would the EC and others agree the purpose of attending academic declined to confirm whether there tion, but said they had been warn­ A joint meeting like this was tei link punitive action against lectures'. was a blast or not. ed not to divulge any details. potentially more productive than South Africa with similar action The Progressive Federal Party's the current practice of promoting against all countries where any People living in the area reported Mr Nic Olivier, MP, said that the The approaches to the Police Sta­ hostility and alien~tion. form of differentiation between hearing a muffled explosion, Government's ' move was tion were cordoned off and 'I can never commit suicide by racial and ethnic groups existed? followed by rapid machinegun fire 'backward'. members of the Army and Police accepting threats and prescriptions in the vicinity of Umtata' River, He said the decision was typical o Would they agree to the con­ manned the entrances. from outside forces and ,hand South demnation of all government about 300m from the . Police of the policies of hesitancy. Meanwhile, a large contingent of Africa over to Communist forces in systems which did not ·accord with Station. It is understood that the Govern­ The Prime Minister,! Chief policemen were stationed on the disguise'. '", their ideal for a truly democratic ment bac\<.down has been taken George ·Matanzima, was expected University of Transkei campus, with 'I hope t~is hysterical outcry of and non-racial state, while at the ,because the original exemption to ' ~ . to make a report yesterday after­ heavy trucks on standby and all certain western countries against same time setting the same tim,e-' the Group Areas Act for students noon. He was reported to have been visitors and students being closely South Afri9a will soon pass', he scale for the solution of all these and scholars, was wider than in­ in a meeting' with' top police 'officers screened. said. problems in ' these different tended - 'that it had been 'a 'But if.- sanctions · are applied countries? , mistake'. . . without taking note of ali our , o Would .they agree to launch an The Government's reversal is a endeavours to build fhis~"country international campaign to '·324 unioni · sts ~ held '. severe blow to unive~sitle;s, both and to develop it, then we will have simultaneously solve the problems English-speaking and' Afrikaans­ no alternative but to preserve our of all countries experiencing inter­ THE NUMBER OF'trade unionists urtion members, but the South speaking, which have been cam­ national interest'. nal conflict as a result of racial, imprisoned without trial urider the African authorities denied them ac­ paigning for some time for the right Referring to South Africa's p~st ethnic or religious tensions? SA government's emergency cess to' jailed unionists, the ICFTU to admit all students to all facilities success in overcoming military and o Would they agree to link the powers, has risen to at least 324, the spokesman said. incluqing resjdences. oil sanctions, he said 'I don't believe question of the quest for ethnic na­ Brussels~based International Con­ in sanctions. But if we are forced tional states in South Africa with federation of Free Trade Unions until our backs are against the wall, similar questions, relating to, among (ICFTU), has announced. we will have no alternative but to others, the Sikhs, the Tamils, the The ICFTU said the list of de­ PANORAMA stand up in self respect and say to Aborigines and the Basques? tainees held without being charged the world - You won't force Soath And would they agree to seek­ and denied the right to see their Africans . to commit national o ing a common approach to so­ families had grown from 270 on Ju­ Take~aways suicide'. called political prisoners in coun­ ly 20. 'Leave South Africa to the South tries all over the world, including This body, which represents 144 , We have the freshest Africans: Mr Botha said. people such as Dr Andre Sakharov national trade unions in 99 coun­ Earlier, Mr Botha referred to a and Mr Patrick Magee? tries, has argued strongly for statement yesterday by Sir Geoffrey Mr Botha said it would only be wesatern countries to apply sanc­ Howe, that the South African tions against South Africa. Government holds the key to a reasonable to expect the interna­ FISH AND CHIPS tional community, given their own The new list of detainees includes solution, and that a leap of im­ the names of virtually all officers experiences and those of others, to agination was now needed from it. of some 33 black trade unions. in town! 'We fully realise that we do hold appreciate that the South African Government was committed to A 12-member delegation of the key, and we also realise that Western union leaders, recently with the key we can open the door something which had often proved impossible or at least taken cen­ visited SA to seek the release of to peaceful co-existence in multi­ turies to achieve elsewhere. black unionists. cultural countries worldwide'. They met anti-apartheid chur­ 'Instead of encouragment and There were however, he pointed chman Bishop Tutu and black trade

Caprivi Fresh 'Produce Fresh Fruit Ii Vegetables Daily * Wholesale and retail prices to the public * Fresh daily at unbeatable prices Crisp bread and delicious take-aways THIS MONTH'S SPECIAL: straight from the oven Onions 10kg bag ·R6,OO , I Apples 14kg box -R7,50 OPEN DAILY FROM 06hOO - 22hOO Potatoes 15kg bag R7,OO COME AND SHOP WHERE YOUR MONEY BUYS MORE! Tel. 38624 Tel: 213 Katima Mulilo - Ngevegi Township PO Box 130 104, Gobabis Rd. Klein Windhoek i . ' 10 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 Majority favours English medium HIS RESEARCH had replicated . the results of a pilot study ·he had PROFESSOR Brian H'arlech-Jones, of the Department of English and completed~ and two major'trends Dean of the Faculty of Arts at the Academy, is presently working had become apparent, Professor on his Ph.D degree at Edinburgh University on· the effective implemen­ Brian Harlech-Jones said. The first tation of English as a medium of education in Namibia. In an inter­ was a rejection of the vernacular view with GWEN LISTER he said his research was based on the pro­ BY GWEN LlSTER __" (mother tongue) education even at position that English was going to playa stronger role in the future. the junior primary school level, and NOW THE DEMOCRATIC Turnhalle Alliance has dissociated itself He emphasised his study was not prescriptive, and said that it was the second was that the majority about 50 to 60 percent complete. He was presently finishing the field from Mr Sean Cleary's propaganda network. In a recent press state­ favoured English as the medium of , < work in black primary schools and was complimentary to the Depart­ ment they said that they planned to make contact with the interna­ instruction at the secondary level of ment of National Education for giving him access to their schools in " tional community concerning independence, and would do so out­ education. side the framework of the interim government's consultancy service the central part of Namibia. 'We approached Professor Professor Harlech-Jones outlined some of the trends in his study ;'1 manned by Mr Cleary. Harlech-Jones on this question, which had already become apparent. .' 'MUDGE' ADO ABOUT NOTHING since the debate on English as the official language medium in Nami­ IN ALL LIKELIHOOD its a case of 'Mudge ado. about nothing' bianschools and at the tertiary because the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance is not known for keeping level, is gaining momentum. In its promises. particular the question of English .- In the same statement the DT A said it was not interested in conti­ medium is the subject of an intense nuing indefinitely in an unelected government, but that's also been debate at the Academy, and it ap­ said before. pears likely that a decision will be Mr Dirk Mudge himself, after the disbanding of the socalled taken shortly on this matter. MinisterS Council, said the DTA was 'not interested' in participating Professor Harlech-lones said he in yet another interim exercise, but when it came to the crunch, he was of the opinion that a free couldn't stand being left out in the cold. choice of medium in all subjects In fact, Mr Mudge and associates have said the same things several was going to prove most expensive,_ ~ times before, so very little can be attached to the most recent DT A and that it was no longer workable pronouncements concerning independence and the like. in the present form. The Academy The DT A have had chances and opportunities in 'governing' the as an institution would be forced country in the past, to make changes and thereby engender support, into a one-medium form, either on but in all cases, its been a cynical Namibian population who have wat­ a faculty basis, or for the Academy -' ched the DTA take the reins of government on a number of occa­ as a whole . . sions, only to afterwards say' .. . but our hands were tied', when con­ Turning to his .study and fronted with the lack of change under their 'rule'. research, which was based in what he referred to as the central area of RACE FOR CREDIBILITY IS ON Namibia (for the purposes of research, the far north is excluded THE 'CREDIBILITY RACE' is on between parties in the interim as the socio-political and educa­ government. The pretended consensus and agreement which former­ tional history . differed from the ly existed is now be'ginning to dwindle even further as they divide in­ central region, said Professor to different camps. Harlech-lones) which had a There is little doubt that this i& happening. At the same time, the uniform language policy and race for allies is on. And while Mr Mudge and his DT A try to cap­ educational history over the past 60' ture Mr Justus Garoeb and his Damara Council, Swanu (MPC) and years. He said he. had take.n a Swapo D will probably rush nort-h . to try and recruit Mr Peter stratified, random sample of Kalangula's CDA . . primary school tea,chers at black I believe that neither of these 'alliances' will materialise. schools of the Department of the As to what is actually happening behind the walls of the Tinten­ National Education, and among palast, one can only really speculate. those he had interviewed the Both Mr Kalangula and Mr Garoeb have had experiences with the abovementioned trends had parties presently in the interim government, and if the past is an ac­ become obvious. curate indicator, then neither were very happy with what they saw The majority favoured English or experienced. It is unlikely that either will return to something which but were hesitant about their abili~ they themselves have described a,s being manipulated by the South ty to implement English as the African Government, and both would suffer a loss of political sup­ medium of instruction. port if they did. It was his conclusion that English was inevitable as the ma­ RIFT WIDENING BETWEEN CLEARY AND MUDGE jor medium of instruction, but Professor Harlech-Jones emphasis­ AT THE SAME time, it appears as it the rift between Mr Sean Cleary ed that this was going to have to be and Mr Dirk Mudge is widening. Mr Cleary, in his probably not­ implemented with care and flex­ insignificant contribution to setting up a government outside the ibility, and with support for the framework of Resolution 435, needs to have a black man to head such teachers in the process. a government, if he is t6 successfully propagate such an initiative. 'They want English, but they're Mr Mudge clearly does not agree, and there always has been a apprehensive', he remarked. measure of personal animosity between Mr Dirk Mudge and Mr Moses He said in the northern areas Professor Brian Harlech-Jones. Katjiuongua (whom Cleary obviously favours), primarily because Mr (Tsumeb, Otavi and others) the in­ Mudge was opposed to Mr Katjiuongua's appointment as 'permanent fluence of the decision taken by the prime minister'. Executive Committee of the Ovam­ So while Messrs Mudge and Katjiuongua move away from one bo Administration headed by Mr Afrikaans, rather than English themselves. another, both are trying to gain support: one the one hand the DTA Peter Kalangula, was manifest. questionnaires, he said. He added that in doing his study, with its 'new initiative', and on the other, Katjiuongua with his 'scrap He had asked those he had inter­ Professor Harlech-Jones also he had found that in the past two AG 8' propaganda initiative, which hasn't been very successful either. viewed, 'Why English?', since 10 said there was a 'great deal of years there was an improved pro­ years ago there was no interest in suspicion' in educational circles fessionalism in the education 'SCRAP' THE CONSULTANCY SERVICE English as a medium. He ascribed concerning a change in the medium system in Namibia, basic facilities this new trend to a reflection of ex­ of instruction. Many saw .it as a had been improved, and he also NAMIBIANS HAVE IN any case yet to see what 'positive' results pectation of a different future. politically-inspired move, but he found a notable tendency among · have been yielded by Mr Cleary's interim government 'propaganda' Professor Harlech-lones also emphasised that all educational teachers to upgrade their own 1 .j campaign, and when parties in that same government begin ' said that the move towards English decisions are political ~ecisions and qualifications. In fact he describ­ dissociating themselves, then its time to bring it to a halt. should not be seen as a total rejec­ an educatiomll system exists as part ed it as 'friendly competition' bet­ After all, it is a question of spending R4-million of taxpayer's money tion of mother-tongue, a rejection of the body politic. ween teachers and a consciousness every year for this purpose. of cultural background or con­ He emphasised that there was no of the need to improve, and that Mr Cleary is not 'propagating' the cause of the Namibian people tempt for cultural heritage. research worldwide, which had the teachers were 'on the move'. in any case. It would be interesting to see whether, and if at all, he A majority of those he interview­ proved the necessity of the place of Another reason for English was had his consultancy services file reports on the Swapo meeting over ed wanted a place for the mother­ the mother tongue as the primary the fact that it was in use in higher the weekend, which was one of the largest rallies of its kind in many tongue, either in a minor role or as medium of instruction. It was education and also educational years. a school subject. 'nonsense' if anyone said there literature from South Africa and We know he would not, for the consultancy service, in the same But it was erroneous to think this was , he added. . abroad was in the English medium. way as the interim government, ·is in essence an 'anti-Swapo front' , represented a rejection of cultural The debate was mainly in the It was often forgotten, Professor and most of their 'propaganda' is anti-Swapo, rather than pro-interim background. Rather, Professor area of advocacy at present, and Harlech-Jones emphasised, that government, for. there are very few, if any, positive aspects of this Harlech-Jones said, it was simply there was not much to. go on in English was a major medium of in­ 'government' to market abroad. a move towards a different and terms of research, he said. stniction in this country, especial­ All he probably wou ld do was put the crowd estimate at the Swapo wider communication system, in ly when one considered that the rally at 'about 4000' (whicp seems to be the number agreed to by anti­ which priorities were ordered ' in Turning to the sample in his Ovambo-speaking region (which Swapo groups) and say that there was 'massive intimidation'. Anyone terms of new expectations. study, he said it had emerged that represents half the Namibian who attended the meetin.g would have seen that the crowd was hardly . Interestingly enough, while the the view was widely held that population) had already adopted an 'intimidated' one, and rather too enthusiastic for that allegation majority favoured English, the ma­ English would be the medium of in­ English as the medium o f to have any substance. jority also completed the struction, so people should prepare instruction . There is only one wa y, and that is to market the truth . !,:

THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 11 •

;: ·1

FRIDAY August ~ . 1986 .Bias and prejudice BIAS AND PREJUDICE is the hallmark of the SWA Broad­ casting Corporation, an!i since the radio and television services in this country are funded by the taxpayer, this state of affairs is totally unacceptable. When a reporter of this newspaper approached Mr Piet - Venter, Chairman of the SWABC, for comment this week on the -fact that a SW ABC television cameraman was on board an aircraft hired by the Military to fly over a Swapo meeting last Sunday, yet SW ABC TV did not use the footage, Mr Venter's reply was preceded by a torrent of abuse against The Namibian, (See report elsewhere in this edition on the aircraft '. in question). We do not need to be accused of 'bias' by the head of a Cor­ poration in whose policy 'bias and prejudice' are operative - words; 'bias' by a Corporation which advertises in all newspapers but The Namibian, despite the fact that they get -, -- . ample publicity through this medium; by a Corporation which interviews editors- of other newspapers but 'blacklists' The Namibian; by a Corporation which is headed by 'white bosses' at all levels; by a Corporation which has a notable absence of black faces on its staff; by a Corporation which caters to the needs of a minority group in this' country, and ignores the rest; and by a Corporation_which 'prescribes' to its audience what is newsworthy and what is not. " The SWABC, as Mr Venter himself must now be well aware, is regarded by a majority of people in this country as the 'tool' of the interim government, and the SW ABC considers anything outside the parameters of that 'government' to be 'not newsworthy' . His retort that 'nothing eventful' happened at the Swapo ral­ ly attended by an estimated 10 000 Namibians, and for that reason was not televised, is just not good enough. The minute interim government Ministers open their mouths tn yawn, the SW ABC would b~ there, pens poised and cameras rolling. One can well imagine the-cluster of 'white bosses' discuss­ ing whether footage of the Swapo meeting should be screened (if it ever got as far as discussion, which we doubt) and then deciding it may come as a 'shock' to most of their viewers to see the amount of support that Swapo enjoys. Besides which, Swapo is a 'dirty word', according to them, unless the word 'terrorist' follows. And despite the fact that Mr Venter and the other bosses think they know what's best for their viewers, many of their audience, both radIO and television, are sickened by the fact that news is prescribed. 'Show us the facts and let us decide for ourselves' would probably be the overwhelming decision of SWABC listeners and viewers. Is it not time, Mr Venter, that your Corporation begins to face reality in Namibia? Is it not time you catered to the in­ terests of the taxpayer who is also a television viewer and radio listener, and not to a small political clique whose days are Diamond ·sales up numbered in any case? THE GROWING call for economic sanctions against South SUBSCRIBE TO Africa has not dampened demand for the country's diamonds, says the Washington Report on Africa in its latest edition. South Africa's Central Selling Organisation Name (CSO), which handles more than 80 percent of the world's uncut Address diamonds, reported sales of $1.2 ..... : ...... Code: billion for the first six months of 1986, a 45 percent increase from the first half of 1985. 6 Months 1 Year 2 Years The CSO is · a marketing sub­ 26 weeks 52 weeks 104 weeks sidiary of deBeers Limited, which holds virtual monopolistic control Surface mail: Namibia and South Africa R 25.00 R 48.00 R 95.0(, over the world's diamond market. Airmail: South Africa Anglo American Corporation, the and Namibia R 27.00 R 53.00 R 102.00 - South African mining con- - , DTA breaks with Cleary . glomerate, is the largest Surface Mail: Africa THE DEMOCRATIC Turnhalle possible with the greatest measure of in­ shareholder in de Beers. . and rest of the world R 35.00 R 70.00 R140.00 Alliance (DT A), said in a press release ternational recognition'. Diamond experts say the success Airmail: Europe/UK R 85.00 R170.00 R335.00 late last week that they placed a high They requested the leaders of the of de Beers can be attributed to the DT A to go ahead with discussions with premium on the legitimacy of a govern­ company's ability to create a Airmail: USA/ USSR other political parties, church groups ment and was therefore not interested market for diamonds in places like & Australia R 110.00 R220.00 R440.00 and interest groups . in an indefinite period of participating Japan, where none previously . in a government which was not elected. They also authorised the leadership existed. Airmail: Botswanal to make contact with the 'Western Con­ Zimbabwe/ Lesothol t The Executive Committee of the tact Group, South Africa and the In addition, sales have been Swaziland R 60.00 R 118.00 R230.00 DT A added that.it'gives the mandate Secretary General of . the UN to helped by the declining value of the ~ to its representatives in the Committee negotiate independence and to do this Rand. I enclose a cheque/postal order of ...... on National Unity to speed up the ­ outside the framework of the existing What is surprising about the writing of a final constitution which consultancy service of the interim latest surge in sales is that it occur­ for ...... : ...... - .. ... weeks would replace both AG 8 as well as Pro­ government' . red during a time of relative subscription to THE NAMIBIAN. (Please ensure exact amount in Rands clamation RIO l' ·(the latter the Pro­ The DT A added it rejected the 'pro­ economic stability in developed or equivalent currency.) clamation by the Souih African State posals of the panel of experts of the countries. Generally the sales of POST TO: THE NAMIBIAN President which in stituted the interim Select Committee on National Unity P.O. BOX 20783 government) .. and stand s by the Executive's decision quality diamonds rise along with WINDHOEK 9000 After a meeting last Wednesday, the on May 5 1986, that the country must the rate of inflation. Diamonds are NAMIBIA DT A said that their 'chief aim was to be a decentralised unitary state with seen by investors as a hedge against (Telephone: 3697011) make Namibia independent as soon as districts' . inflation. • 12 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August I 1986 . suppor SW APO VICE President Hendrik . many duties of a newspaper was to 'Come out in fuli force and join Witbooi, at a massive Swapo rally report facts. us to liberate Namibia from apar­ iii Katutura last Sunday, called on 'I wish to invite this mouthpiece theid and racial hatred, and to the international community and to feel free to be here with Swapo establish one Namibia - one na­ especially the West to understand today and to see for themselves that tion,' he said. that the Namibian people had we are not divided, and that the Calling the day a milestone in the nothing and would therefore not people are Swapo. We are not history of Namibia Swapo Joint . lose anything if sanctions were ap­ Kavangos, Damaras, Hereros, Foreign Affairs Secretary Niko plied against South Africa. Namas, Owambos and all the other Bessinger said Namibians were Addressing the first 'legal' things you want us to be. We are clearly demonstrating their con­ Swapo meeting in some five years Namibians and our message to you tribution towards the total libera­ with an estimated crowd of about is that whether you like it or not tion of the continent of Africa. 10 000 people, Pastor Witbooi said Namibia shall be free.' He said he categorically wanted neither the South African Govern­ Underlining Pastor Witbooi's to make it clear 'that he was not ment nor its 'puppet' interim views, · Swapo National Deputy against the white people of government, but the' Namibian Chairman Danny Tjongarero. said Namibia, but that the practice of people themselves under the it was important that sanctions be exploitation by many whites reach- 'dynamic leadership' of Swapo had to be their own liberators. He repeatedly asked his en­ thusiastic audience if they wanted sanctions and the immediate im­ plementation of Resolution 435, each time the answer was a thunderous and unanimous 'yes'. 'I want to invite especially the . foreign press to pass this message to Reagan and Thatcher: if we have to suffer sanctions for our libera­ tion then we are prepared to. Tell them that the united Namibian masses representedj1ere today by Swapo say implement Resolution 435 now and scrap the socalled in­ terim government,' he said. The Swapo Vice President also expressed his movement's full sup­ port for the I Aiel IGams Declara­ were forcibly conscripted into the 2000, and that Namibians had been tion, saying Swapo would continue SADF and Koevoet to fight their suffering for 102 years now. to co-operate with other pro­ own people. He prayed that the Lord came gressive parties to liberate Namibia. He further compared the Nami­ down like in Exodus and protect He further rejected 'with con­ bian liberation struggle to a house the Namibian people and their tempt'. the rumours spread about on fire with some family members leaders and to' give them strength Swapo regarding the 'killing' of trying to extinguish the fire from and hope - a hope which not even Namibians in camps in Zambia and outside but with those inside re­ Koevoet could crush. Angola. . maining dormant - waiting for 'We pray for the downfall of the 'We know the people who spread Hendrik Witbooi those outside to do all the work. interim government and the im­ around such stories, and we know imposed because it would help ed a stage were it was completely 'The future of this country lies mediate implementation of Resolu- they go to West Germany, where bring South Africa to its knees. intolerable. we don't even have one camp, and He told the crowd that the strug- 'This exploitation of our land, get fat cheques and come back here gle being waged by oppressed the abuse of our children and the to spread around these stories. South Africans was the same as the rape of our women cannot be 'These rumours are just enemy one fought by Namibians. tolerated any longer, and we want propaganda and Swapo rejects 'The people of Namibia the whole world to know that this them with contempt. represented by their vanguard is why we turned up here in our 'It is 'however true that Swapo is Swapo call fqr the immediate end thousands to demonstrate our holding several spies, ' some of to apartheid and the release of desire for peace, justice, freedom whom even admitted themselves Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and and independence,' he said. that they have been used by South others. Warning South African Govern- Africa. It is. because of such peo­ 'We want Botha to know that we ment informers and interim ple that many Namibians died, and demand our freedom now, and that we shall one day bring all those we are determined to carryon with spies before the Namibian people the struggle until final victory was for trial;' Pastor Witbooi said. achieved,' he said. He further expressed his total re­ Mr Tjongarero further made a jection of the conscription of call to the White people of Namibia Namibians into 'an extended wing to overcome their 'fear of being of the South African Defence seen to be Swapo', and said Swapo Forc.e which puppets call their Ter­ was ' a nationalist liberation ritorial Force.' organisation where there was no Pastor Witbooi also lashed out room for ethnicity, race, baasskap, at the Afrikaans mouthpiece of the colour, religion and other divisive interim government saying one of aspects.

governments collaborators, Mr Bessinger said he had respect for decent people like watchmen who earned their salaries by protecting property and so on. Dan Tjongarero 'I further want to tell you that in our own hands, and we the tion 435.' through history, Africa' fought and youth must shape it ourselves. The Before the crowd dispersed to defeated the might of colonial Ger­ contribution of each one of us is march through Katutura, Swapo many, England, Italy, Belgium, vital, and therefore, rather join the Actiong President Nathaniel Max- France, Spain, Portugal and struggle now . uilili saluted them to ear-deafening others, and so too the Namibian 'Let us all help to extinguish the shouts of 'viva Swapo, viva Sam people', he concluded. fire that is destroying our beloved Nujoma, and aluta continua.' Swapo National Youth Secretary country,' he urged the youth. Jerry Ekandjo criticised Namibian The meeting, which was Swapo's A young Namibian music group youth for being slack while they first legal one in five years was known as the Heroes entertained were the most oppressed. opened with a prayer by Pastor the masses throughout the rally He said today it was the very Zephanea Kameeta who in his with various freedom songs in­ youths that suffered under Bantu prayer stressed the fact that it was cluding the Onyeka hi t - 'In­ Education, joblessness, and who only 14 years to go before the year dependence or death we shall win. ' THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 13 14 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 Letters to the Editor

28) of the crowd was about 10000 interim government tells the out­ habitants of Kavango. Chased people. side world. This is just a small in­ The members of 202 Battalion The interim government dication of what really happens in are not 'Godless people'. Every Vast I WAS SHOCKED by the actions mouthpiece reported 4000. Fur­ the interim government. morning begins with a prayer of the councillors of Chief Alfons WITH AN AVERAGE rainfall of thermore, the atmosphere was Maharero, who is the leader of a parade which includes a reading of about 270mm, Namibia has the relaxed, cheerful and enthusiastic. COMRADE LUTHY Scriptures. Further there are week­ part of Otjinene Up' to Okauua driest climate south of the Sahara. It did not seem to me that these where a certain Councillor Justus WINDHOEK ly, compulsory periods held by the The amount of rainfall increases from people had been intimidated or Jazama resides. Chaplain. This periods deal ex­ the dry south-west (the Namib Desert forced to come to the meeting as On July 19 at an area meeting Hattie's hassle clusively with the Christian in on average gets less than 20mm of rain reported by the interim government uniform as well as the announce­ annually), to the north-east, where the under our area leader Chief Alfons mouthpiece whose reporters ob­ I AM very distressed to read letters ment of the Word of God. eastern Caprivi receives over 600mm. Maharero, councillors simply said viously were not present (at least such as from 'Worried Worker' in All troops are encouraged to at­ Rain is more reliable in eastern Namibia that all Ovambanderus of Chief not among the press). and while the Karstveld enjoys relatively Munjuku Ngauvauva must leave Katima Mulilo (The Namibian Ju­ tend services in Sunday in his own On Monday evening, the TV ly 18 1986). church. Soldiers at Musese, high and reliable rainfall, in Ovam­ "the meeting. boland the rainfall is precarious. reported this meeting, mentioning The Staff Association recently Kahenge, and Mpungu-vlei doing I wish to register my vehement With Namibia's high temperatures, some sentences of the speakers, inaugurated a branch committee at service, regularly attend services led protest at the actions of the coun­ potential evaporation is extremely high mainly of Pastor Witbooi. Not a Katima Mulilo and I personally am by Roman Catholic or Lutheran cillors of Chief Alfons Maharero. - over 2 600mm per annum over most single picture was shown, but acutely aware of many of the pastors. At the same time I would like to re­ . of the country. rather a sequence of a war film in distressing problems faced by mind them that there was and still The choir of 202 Battalion, It is thus difficult to store water in a southern Angola and northern workers there. The Staff Associa­ which consists exclusively of dam for very long. The evaporation rate i"s an existing mutual agreement Namibian showing South African tion is investigating ways and meas Kavango soldiers, have already per­ from the dams is more than the con- between Alfons Maharero and and SW A TF troops in action of eradicating such problems. formed in the churches at Tondoro Chief Munjuku Ngauvauva. against 'Swapo terrorists'. While it is clear that many .. and Mpungu-Vlei. This was at the At a time when "the Hereros This is the way people are in­ perceived grievances arise from invitation of pastors. under Chief Alfons Maharero rode formed, or better, disinformed, in misinformation, the Staff Associa­ Regarding the distribution of on horseback and terrorised the this country. They are not allowed tion will even consider soliciting Bibles, 37 000 Bibles have aiready Mbanderu family of Kaputuaza, " to know the truth about all the legal advice in dealing with situa­ been distributed throughout Chief Ngauvauva went to Chief facts happening here. Those who tions in which it appears that Kavango by the Chaplain of the Alfons Maharero and stated the did not or could not attend the prescribed regulations are not be­ Army and six Kavango soldiers. following: 'The people who reside Swapo meeting and were conse­ ing followed. I am certain that 'Worried in your area are only mine because quently not 'permitted' by TV cen- What worries me most about Patriot' is inadequately informed. of them being born Ovambanderu " sure to see it on the screen, do not 'Worried Worker's' case is that he I wish to invite him to visit the unit but they happen to live in yur area, know what is going on in their own is being denied the opportunity to and see for himself the love with and that means any rights or pro­ country. attend meetings of the 'Worker's whiCh the Word of God is carried tection should be under Chief The awakening will be the more Union', by which I presume he to the troops. Alfons Maharero's discretion, and painful. " means the new local branch of the they are not to be treated as slaves Government Service Staff J R LIEBENBERG and bandits' . That was the agree­ CHRISTINE VON GARNIER Association. COMMANDANT: 202 Battalion ment of that day. WINDHOEK It is unfortunate that cir­ RUNDU cumstances dictate that such Note: This letter has been translated Chief Alfons Maharero showed meetings often have to be held dur­ from Afrikaans - Editor. his willingness to help and assist the Swapo "rally ing official hours, but if 'Worried sumption rate, and amounts to between Ovambanderus who live in the Worker' would contact me per­ 'Game concerns 30 to 40 per cent of the total water I WOULD like to comment on a stored. area, and even when the Ovam­ sonally (P 0 Box 20690) or the statement released by the interim The geology of Namibia has a signifi­ banderus were ordered to leave the Staff Association's office (P 0 Box I CAME TO South West Africa as government mouthpiece of Mon­ a German tourist with many expec­ cant influence on the rainfall becoming meeting he protested. 21662), I am sure the matter can be available as surface water. In the Sand­ day, July 28, 1986, entitled 'Swapo resolved. tations. I especially hoped to see a Bewimpel Skare'. lot_of precious game like elephants veld areas of the Kalahari and the Now the question to the coun­ Namib, rain water tends to infiltrate cillors is whether they are going to According to this statement ALAN HATTLE and hippopotami. rather than run off. Swapo: . always chase us away from the CHAIRMAN: Government Ser­ I observed the southern and cen­ The exception to this is Ovamboland, meetings, regardless of the fact that * forced people from house to vice Staff Association. tral part of South West Africa as where water can be retained in the we are inhabitants of the area, or house to attend its rally; a beautiful country but without see­ oshonas (shallow depressions) for some are they going to change their * Swapo used the musical group, ing these animals. I was told that months. minds? the Heroes, to attract people to the 202 answers I would see them during a trip In the Hardveld areas, rain waters run rally; through the Caprivi Strip. " off into rivers which are only seasonal. In flood years the Auob and the Nossob I want to give an example of a * and people were transported by IN ANSWER to your letter 'Pulpit When I arrived there, I rarely bus from afar. of the SADF', I wish to answer as reach the border with Botswana, and jackal. A jackal normally runs and did. But unfortunately I often rivers from the Kuiseb River northwards then stops and looks behind To me, that statement means a follows: heard shots in "the night. reach the sea, but those south of the because it does not have eyes at its lot. I have read many statements or The program 'Things that worry These facts, I think, have two Kuisbe are cut off by dunes. rear. I want to advise the coun­ rather reports by this newspaper me' is certainly open to all who consequences: The game becomes Rough estimates indicate that cillors to look behind at their deeds referring to Swapo, the most recent have one or other reason to be wor­ more shy and as far as I am con­ Namibia's internal rivers' runoff is and try to change if you discover one concerning Swapo refugee ried about matters affecting the cerned, this most typically African around 500 million cubic metres per where you missed the tqiil. camps. Kavango. Were pastors to preach part of South WestAfrica will lose year. \ Lucky are those who were at the for the downfall of the SADF and most of its tourists. The principal internal rivers around the high centre of the cou"Dtry AM TJATINDI meeting on Sunday. We ourselves the strengthening of Swapo, then People will go to the Etosha Pan know that Swapo did not force us there would be reason for concern. (Omatako, Omaruru, Black_ Nossob, WINDHOEK rather than travel through this Swakop, Kuiseb), together with the Fish You make the statement that to attend the rally, nor did we more natural region. Riyer at Hardap, are already dammed know beforehand about the there are spies who attend the When speaking to an official of and/or used to their full capacity. Disinformation Heroes. We attended the meeting church services. This is not quite the Department of Nature Conser­ Howeyer, the main internal unex­ trut. I am in possession of a typed AS A JOURNALIST and foreign of our own free will. Now that vation, I was told that the only ploited river basins seem to be the Fish correspondent in this country, I newspaper has proved that it does sermon which a civilian member of chance for this extraordinary River catchment (other than Hardap a congregation handed to me. He and Naute catchments), and the nor­ have been struck by the disinfor­ not write the truth and even lies region to survive would be chang­ about the refugee camps of Swapo. is concerned about what is contain­ ing it into a game reserve. I agree thern rivers flowing to the ATlantic mation propagated by mass-media which, of coUrse, are far. from any such as the interim government Pastor Hendrik Witbooi asked ed therein. with this and 1 don't understand . the press to write of what really This sermon was supposed to be settlements . mouthpiece and TV. why responsible persons don't take The permanent water in Namibia is happened at the meeting, and in-. distributed and preached on June any measures to protect these few made up of reservoirs behind the large I in fact attended the Swapo stead this newspaper decided to 15 1986 in the Kavango. The ser­ animals and attract more tourists. dams on major rivers and a great meeting oh Sunday July 27. My write their own version. mon definitely does not deal with number of small dams, and the border own estimation and the estimation Dear comrades in the struggle, brotherly love or the love of God, MICHAEL SCHWEINBERGER rivers. of the Windhoek Advertiser (July open your eyes, and see what the but rather of hate against other in- Tourist. There are also two small deep lakes north of Tsumeb, at Guinas and at Ot­ jikoto, the water level of which is fed by groundwater and is said not to have fallen for almost a century. The Territory's border rivers stem from countries having greater rainfall than Namibia: The Kunene, the' Okavango and Kwando, the Zambezi and the Orange Rivers are perennial and all have flows whi ch are significant relative to Namibia's water requiremtns. However, these are international rivers and other countries also have rights over these waters. L'Elisir D' Amore International agreement would be (Oonizetti) needed, in particular for three rivers viz., I the Okavango, the Kunene and the with Aviva Pelham, Luigi Bianco Orange. Along the central ridge of the coun­ Directed by George Kok try, groundwater recharge is small. Bookings open August 4 for club-members, and Groundwater also tends to be deep. it should be possible to find enough August 5 for the public. At the theatre or 'at tel : 34633 groundwater in the fract ured rock to August 9, 11, 13, 15 and 18 20h30 in the Windhoek provide fo r small local needs. Thi s is confirmed by the exis ting Theatre. borehol es on fa rm s in the area. Along the edge of the hardveld there THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 15 an dfo sparse .water are permeable, porous rocks which can towns will look initially for water sup­ store large quantities of water. plies from local sources - simply In a number of areas, water quality because local water will be cheaper. is a problem. For example, in Ovam­ The planning needs are therefore (I) boland, areas west of a line some 50km a rough demand projection , and (2) east of the Ruacana-Oshivelo road are identification of the nearest unused or far too saline to be of use, although underused source of supply. small amounts of sweet water are pre­ In densely populated areas pipelines sent at very shallm'i depths. are alternatives to boreholes. The task In eastern Ovamboland, where the should therefore be to upgrade pipelines water quality is relatively better, the sand and other works in line with increases is so fine that expensive well-screens are in demand. needed in the boreholes. RECOMMENDATIONS Near Otjiwarongo, heavy cattle (1) Water planning should be coor­ deaths have been reported due to the dinated with wider land use and en­ high quantity of nitrates in the water, vironmental issues, particularly with and very high fluoride levels have ap­ regard to agricultural development, ,parently prevented cattle farming in community development and mining ac­ places along the Botswana border. tivities, etc. In southern Namaland, very saline (2) There is need to develop manpower groundwater in one stratum can pollute the fresher artesian water at another skills and training facilities. Th is re­ level in the rock. quires the expansion of the training The Karstveld and Otavi areas have school.at the Von Bach Dam for low and a favourable groundwater environment. middle-level training. There 'will also be a need to. develop higher levels of The beds of the principal rivers are also technical skills that can initially be ob­ important sources of water, especially tained at institutions outside the for the Rossing/ Swakopmund/ Walvis country. Bay complex. The freshwater resources are, however, (3) In the densely populated areas inten­ limited. These rivers also have reserves GOREANGABDAM outside Windhoek in flood early this year. sified efforts should be made to supply of brackish water which can be piped water. At the same time, efforts should be made to improve traditional desalinated, or used for industrial townships is deprived of adequate clean (1) Urban, industrial and mining: large likely to break and to add more. ways 10 protect' wells from collapse and purposes. water supply. demands but users can afford to pay a Seccond, there are small villages not pollution, to reduce drudgery by install­ Extensive fossil water resources in the Average water consumption per head relatively high price for water. supplied by the Department of Water ing handpumps or windlasses, and to 'in­ dunes of the Namib are also said to be of population in the selected four towns (2) Irrigation: large demands but only Affairs. The size and cost of these two crease the number of wells. available. was low and varied from 60e a day in for cheap water. . programmes would depend on (I) a There is a large Department of Water Rehoboth to 230f a day in (3) Small towns: medium demands, but review of the extent of the services to (4) The government should provide ex­ Affairs in Namibia, which in 1982.,--83 Swakopmund. users can afford a relatively nigh price be provided, and (2) how high a priori­ tension services, advice, materials and had a recurrent budget of R21-million Four towns viz., Mariental, for water, the demands may well be ty is given to the provision of such a subsidy to rural people interested in and a capital budget of R37-million. KarasDurg, Keetmanshoop and Gobabis, satisfied by local resources. services. digging wells at their own initiative. In the same year, it was operating 165 rely on dams in internal rivers which are (4) Rural including water for stock: These two programmes require a con­ (5) With regard to bulk water supplies, state water schemes which supplied 39 only seasonaL small demands but if there is local water siderable input of skills and logistics. water planning mllst start withprojec­ million cubic metres of water, plus an Between 1971-83, the Naute 'and of adequate quality and reliability, the These programmes should, however, be tions of water demand for human and additional 28 million cubic metres for ,Hardap Dams fell to ten per cent and quantity will be sufficient. accorded a high priority, particularly o.ther uses. Since urban water demand irrigation. 14 per 'cent of capacity respectively. At present, there are about 100 pro­ with regard to the resettlement program­ is bound to grow fast under the impact In 1979, of the seventeen The. Dreihuk Dam, built to supply fessional staff and 240 technicians. Most mes covering much of the rural popula­ of envisaged urbanisation, there will be . municipalities, four (Omaruru, Outjo, Karasburg, has been empty since its con­ tion ' living not in villages, but in a needfor major projects to expand the Tsumeb and Grootfontei.n) organised struction in 1978. homesteads scattered over .the reticulation of water preferably as a part their own water supplies completely. Gobabis also experienced major water countryside. of the comprehensive urban. infrastruc­ In the smaller towns, water supply is problems in the recent drought. With regard to bulk water supplies, ture programmes. responsibility of the village management The remaining towns depend on two immediate issues will need to be boards, or the peri-urban development groundwater and are often subjected. to tackled by the government of indepen­ boards. strict water restrictions. dent Namibia on a priority basis. The following deserve special In the homelands, this responsibility In 1980, the total water use in Win­ The first is to maintain the operation attention: falls on the 'ethni'c administrations'. dhoek was about 13 million cubic metres of the bulk water supplies, both those Human water consumption in rural per year. Total potential supply in a nor­ operated by municipalities, such as the (a) maintenance and upgrading of areas is only a small proportion of mal year was estimated at 19 million reclamation sewage plants in Windhoek the operation of the existing water Namibia's total consumption. The cubic metres. and Walvis Bay, and those under the supplies, both operated by the estimates derived from Botswana sug­ The long-term plan to meet the Department of Water Affairs. Department of Water Affairs and gest that it' everyone used 20 litres a day, growth in water demand is a new ma­ The sewage reclamation plants need the municipalities; total demand would. only be seven jor pipelinelcanal called the Eastern Na­ to be kept in operation if serious water (b) completion of ENWC by linking million cubic metres per year. tional Water Carrier (ENWC). shortages or outbreaks of disease are to it to the Okavango River; Livestock and especially cattle, re­ The most recent stage of the ENWC, be averted. (c) review of water supply to Ross­ quire much more water, raising the total which was opened in May 1984, is the The second urgent concern is a review ing, Swakopl1lund and Walvis Bay; demand to about 70-million cubic Omatako Dam and the pipeline from of the water supply to Rossing, Swakop­ and metres per year. there to the Von Bach Dam. mund and Walvis Bay. . (d) impact of ENWC on the water The demand for water is widely scat­ The Omatako Dam is expected to Medium and long-term planning level. in the Tsumeb and Karstveld tered in the rural areas. have a long-term annual yield of 10 must start with projections of water de- area. (6) The main sources in the north_~e million cubic metres. , mand of bulk users. In the long run, this With regard to research, some of the border rivers, oshonas and other The Rossing mine, Swakopmund and critical in the short term is the Water will be made up of two elements: the important areas demanding careful in­ seasonal standing water, shallow wells Walvis Bay form the main demand pole Supply Directorate, which operates and steady growth of domestic and small­ vestigation are: (a few with pumps);and boreholes out­ for water on the west coast. maintains existing supplies. scale industrial and commercial de­ (a) central Namibia groundwater side the saline area of central The supply is, however, precarious. In fact, the Directorate needs very few mand; and the finite leaps of' large supply; Ovamboland. While adequate infrastructure exists, the professionals, but over 100 medium to mines, factories and towns. (b) Karstveld groundwater study; In the. centre and south of the coun­ amount of water extracted exceeds low-level technical staff. Large and new users have to be ex­ (c) ENWC study (associated with try, the ma-in sources are boreholes, recharge. There is no evidence that the Depart­ amined case by case. the two studies mentioned above, a shallow wells in river beds and small Peak demand was reported at 15,6 ment of Water Affairs has any black The cement factory using water from 'demand' study of the Windhoek, dams for catching flood waters in the million cubic metres in 1979-80 (Ross­ Namibian employees in professional or the old Berg Aukus mine is the only im­ Rossing and Karstveld areas, and rainy season. ing 10,6 million cubic metres, Walvis Bay higher technical posts. mediate industrial possibility. costing ofpipelines from the Kunene In the white farming areas, the state 3,3 rn.illion and Swakopmund 1,7 million There is therefore, an urgent need for No doubt others will come forward and Okavango and to determine the subsidises water development schemes. cubic metres). training. There is a training school at the on independence, especially in respect time of and alternatives to ENWC); In 'bantustans' where the great majori­ Rossing introduced more recycling of Von Bach Dam with a training staff of of medium-sized base metal mjnes to (d) demand projections and supply ty of the rural population lives, the water, so that by 1982-83 it was draw­ fifty. It generally provides low-level feed the Tsumeb processing complex. delimitation of towns, with ground­ Department of Water Affairs has install­ ing 9,1 million cubic metres and by 1983 courses. In the long run, planners need to water investigation of key town ed some bulk water supplies. only 6,6 million cubic metres. This school should be usable for low­ think about the cost of water. Mines are areas; The areas where irrigation facilities Reclamation of s~wage is also prac­ lever staff training, which could be unavoidably sited where the mineral (e) potential and. need for shallow are available are occupied by whi te ticed at Walvis Bay. Swakopmund has augmented by mobile on-the-job train­ deposits occur and the dnly question for well programmes in various areas; farmers, including the First National maintained a 7, 5 per cent rise in water ing teams. them is whether water can be supplied (f) water supply options for new Development Corporation (FNDC) use per year since 1950. At present however, virtually all cheaply enough. arable areas; schemes in Okavango. Water planning is absqlutely essential, technical and professional training takes But factories, including smelters and (g) review of water pollution pro­ In other areas, white farmers are pro­ but it must confo rm to the immediate place outside Namibia. other works processing minerals can be blems, e.g. at Rossing; vided with subsidies up to a third of the needs of Namibia and to the skills Upgrading imd specialised courses located in a number of places where (h) review ofpotential yield of dam cost of the irrigation works. available to construct and use the plan. concentrating on what is necessary will cheap water is available. sites on internal rivers; and In the homelands, only a few springs A complex plan will simply therefore be needed. Some useful but Windhoek wili have additional water (i) lelJal study on international (e.g. at Sesfontein and Kowarib) and perpetuate dependence on expatriates. limited experience is available in the requirements on independence. The rivers. ri ver beds (e.g. Purros in the Hoarusib Water planning will therefore have to be Botswana Department of Water Affairs' north of the country, on the other hand, (7) There is a need to collect basic in­ River) permit small patches ,of irrigated integrated with wider economic and technicians training course. is well placed and new development f ormation on: maize and vegetation. land-use issues geared: There will be a need to- develop higher might well be concentrated here. (a) the maintenance of a network of Mines require bulk supplies of water. (1) to meet the basic need of all Nami­ levels of technical skills at a polytechnic In general, urban water demand is river and rainfall gauging stations. Tsumeb has sufficient groundwater in bians f or enough water for drinking, or some similar institute in the country. likely to grow rapidly upon in­ In this regard the existing network the mine itself. . washing and other domestic use; Initiall y, technical trainees may have dependence. The implication for water and associated computer models · The CDM diamond mine pumps its (2) to provide and maintain a reliable to be sent to other places such as the supply is the need for major projects to may well be adequate; . wat.er from the Orange Ri ver, and Klei n supply of water for agriculture, mining Tanzanian Water Institute, Roorkee expand the reticulation of water. (b) the compilation of complete and Aub and a number of other small mines and industry; and University in India, etc. Such products need to be planned and readily accessible records of all also organi se their own -supplies. (3) to train Namibians swiftly so as to Where people live close together in implemented as part of the comprehen­ boreholes that have been and are be­ The remaining mines take water from localise the water supply staff in the villages, it is relatively cheaper to supply sive urban infrastructure programmes. ing drilled for whatever purpose. the Department of Water Affairs. country. piped water. The new programmes could For smaller towns, as with the larger This activity should continue to en­ Total mine . use is some 36 million Rational water resource planning will therefore have two emphases. municipalities and rural villages, the sure that there is a legal and enforc­ cubic metres in a normal year. require the careful examination of the First, there will be a need for a pro­ first need may be to repair and improve ed requirement for drillers to record It is estimated that a third of Win­ different kinds of demand, each with ,gramme to upgrade the reticulation the present reticulation of water. data and submit it; and dhoek's water goes to industry. The ma­ unique problems: from existing supplies, to redesign stand­ This would also, of course, increase (c) compilation of similar data on jority of the population in black pipes and cattle troughs that are less - the total demand for water. Smaller existing small dams. _16___ T_H_E_N_A~M_m __ IA_N __ FR_I_DA_Y_A_u~gu_s_t_I_19_86 ____ ------~ENUA~~~~~~~------~------Meat on. everyone's table! AT A TIME when value for money ContinuO'us vigilance and drive piO'n products to' the market. is a key consideration, Hartlief 1 have resulted in gaining the largest The main advantages of the Continental Meat Products (Pty) part O'f the upper sectiO'n ChampiO'n range are: Limited, have expanded to bring a delicatessen market, and after cO'n­ • market diversificatiO'n new range of meat products to the siderable research and experimen­ • inexpensive, fixed price units market, to be marketed under the tatiO'n, Hartlief has nO'w launched • gO'O'd nutritiO'nal value 'Champion' label and aimed the new range O'f products. • O'ffering anO'ther IO'cal product speCifically at enabling more peo­ The ChampiO'n prO'ducts are O'f • the IO'W CO'st will fit everyO'ne's ple to afford meat products at ex­ a gO'O'd, standard quality, and will PO'cket, especially thO'se peO'ple cellent money value. 'I be availa1;lle around mO'st O'f the in the IO'wer in cO' me group. Hartliefs have successfully trad­ cO'untry in all leading stO'res. Hartlief is O'ne O'f the fO'remO'st ed O'n the IO'cal and SO'uth African Hartliefs' are alsO' celebrating businesses always O'n the IO'O'kO'ut meat markets with their vast range , their 40th anniversary this year, and fO'r O'PPO'rtunities 'and securing the O'f high quality traditiO'nal CO'n­ ,thus it is cO'nsidered an O'PPO'rtune future O'f its 280 member wO'rk tinental PO'IO'nies and CO'ld meats. time to' bring the new line O'f Cham- fO'rce.

Mr JA (Basi e) van der Bergh Mr WJ (Harry) van der Burgh. New appointments

Standard Bank SWA Limited annO'unced the apPO'intment O'f Mr (Stanswa), has annO'unced the Willem JO'han (Harry) van der apPO'intment O'f Mr JO'hannes An­ Burgh as Manager O'f the SwakO'P­ dries (Basie) van der Bergh as mund Branch. Manager O'f the Oshakati Branch. Mr Van Der Burgh started his Mr Van Der Bergh started his banking career at Darling, and career in the Bank at Mariental, is replaces Mr Henning, whO' has been married and the father O'f fO'ur transferred to' Okahandja. children. Married with fO'ur children, his .O'utside interests include tennis, gO'lf Standard Bank SWA Limited has and angling. Academy professorships

Prof Annemarie Heywo~d, " presently Acting Chairlady of the Prof Aldo Behrens, Head of the Prof Hartmut Schlagbauer, Dean Department of English.,' DepartlJlent of Drama. of the Faculty of Science. Prof Brian Harlech.Jones of the Department of English and Dean Prof Ernst Stals, Director of the of tI,e Faculty of Arts. Bureau for Research. Academy on apar :with universities CH ••PlaN THE ACADEMY has appointed nine academic staff melJlbers as full and associate professors. After the MEAT & POLONY PRODUCTS implementation of the Academy Act of 1985, the Academy became an autonomous institution, in a position to determine its own staff structure. Meet us at Black Chain An in-depth investigatiO'n intO' the academic, research, tutO'rial and on saturday 2.8.86 administrative skills O'f each PO'ten­ Prof George Weideman, Head of - tial candidate fO'r the PO'sitiO'n O'f for the introduction of the Afrikaans/Nederlands professor was launched. Department. NatiO'nal and internatiO'nal ex­ CHAMPION Prof Wilfrid Haacke of the Depan PO'sure through research and/O'r lec­ ment of African Languages. tures was alsO' regarded as an im­ with 'THE WEEKEND BAND' portant criterium and candidates were evaluat~d O'n the groupds O'f SWA'S NO 1 Band! proven' expertise and leadership qualities in the academic WO'rld. The result O'f this strict analysis was that three staff members, Dr Ernst Stals, Dr Helmut Schlagbauer and ProfessO'r At Nieman were awarded full prO'fessO'rships. . AssO'ciated profesSO'rships were The new range from awarded to' Mr ChristO' LO'mbard, Mr Brian Hariech-JO'nes, Dr GeO'rge Weideman, Dr AldO' Behrens, Mrs Annemarie HeywO'od and Mr Wilfrid Haacke, ' hart/iet With the apPO'intment O'f the professO'rships, the Academy's Prof At Nieman, who recently join­ status has been enhanced and it is ed the Academy as full professor in Prof Christo Lombard of the , Department of Biblical Studies. nO'w O'n a par with O'ther Geography. universities, g ..------focus on africa _____T_"_E _NA_M_IB_IA_N_FR_ID_AY_A_u u_st_l1_98_6 ----.17

GENEUL Libya .NFORMATION Algeria

500 Kilometres IIGER

in a climate of coIifusion and Hamani Diori's party won. Djibo Bakari went into exile and the Sawaba party was banned in Niger, although attempts were made to U I feroua,;, ...I reorganise it outside the country. The Republic of Niger proclaimed inde­ ueArlit " pendence under the presidency of Hamani 'Sn Didri on 3 August 1960. The early years of W . Mali • independence were beset by domestic strife, Area: 1,187,OOOsq.km. followed by attempts at reconciliation, tS between the ruling group and the oppo­ Population: 6.49 million (1985 estimate). sition in exile. In 1964, Sawaba commandos Capital: Niamey. tried to cross the frontiers; in 1965 an attempt on the life of President Hamani Date of Independence: 3 August 1960. Diori strengthened moderate opinion in Heed of State: General Seyni Kountche. Africa against the Sawaba party. At the end of 1965, as a result of inter-African talks, Government: ,Supreme Military Council. Cabinet has soldiers and civilians. those states which had hitherto granted aid to the opposition (Algeria, Ghana and . uag.. : French is the offiicallanguage. China) agreed to stop doing so. The main spoken languages are Hauss, The PPN-RDA was firmly established Zarma, Fulani, Tamachek and Kanuri. Nige~ia throughout the country. Agents were Religion: Islam. appointed in the villages and urban districts, Currency: CFA franc, divided into 100 and an attempt was made to democratise by centimes. giving political responsibility to population categories which had traditionally had • Towns ~ Fishing vassal status. But these moves towards Roads Wheat S Salt politicisation met with resistance both in the Geography: The main feature of Niger is ++++++ Railwavs Maize U Uranium rural areas, which were more conservative, desert, changing to semi-desert and International airports * Gum Arabic Sn Tin and among the traditional hierarchy. In savannah towards the south. The main . Sheep 1( Rice ~ W Tungsten 'addition, a climate of permanent restiveness mountain range is the Air region. ", Peanuts •"Goats Fe Iroh predominated among intellectuals and Cotton . 'T' Cattle Cement Q ... students, groups formerly sympathetic to People: The population is .settled in the the Sawaba party. more fertile south and near the river Niger The great drought of 1973 provoked in the south-west corner. In the harsher grave economic and social problems. On 15 conditions of the centre and north the April 1974 . Lieutenant-General . Seyni people are generally '1omadic. The settled POLITICAL Kountche took power in a military coup peqples are Hausa, Zarma and Kanuri: The nomadic people are Fulani and Tuareg. necessary to establish boundaries with d'etat and initially received the consensus HISTORY neighbouring countries (notably the British support of the majority of the population. in Nigeria). Niger became a Military President Hamani Diori, Boubou Hama, cUmate: Hot and generally dry, except for a Archeological remains left by the ancient Territory in 1901 and acquired its present the President of the National Assembly and brief rainy season in July and August. inhabitants of Niger bear witness to human boundaries in 1906. The capital was moved .secretary-geQeral of the PPN-RDA, and occupation in the Saharan part of the from Zinder to Niamey in 1926. members of the governmerit were arrested; country for more than 4,000 -years. These the. PPN-RDA and the National Assembly 8aJIklng: The Banque Centrale des Etats de - peoples moved southwards as the Sahara POLITICAL were dissolved. . I'Afrique de l'Ouest is the bank of issue and became progressively drier. Research sug­ The new government, known as the central bank for six West African states including Niger. There are foreign banks in gests that specialised activities (such as EVOLUTION Supreme Military Council, based its policy Niamey. metal work and complex forms of trade) and on a hard line of moral and economic consequently an elaborate social organi­ national recovery, In foreign affairs, close sation existed before the Christian era and ties were maintained with France and the AIr TnmspoI1: Niamey airport is served by The French administration was based orr the UTA, Air Afrique, Air AIg6rie, Libyan continued during the middle ages, con­ Common Market countries. Ties became Airlines and Air Mali. tributing to the prosperity of organised centralist and democratic principles of the closer with Niger's powerful neighbours, states occupying all or part of the Niger - Third Republic and took a rather sus­ Nigeria, Algeria and Libya. and with Arab Republic as it stands today. picious view of traditional chiefs and Islam. countries. Saudi Arabia in particular. ;~J RIled TnmspoI1: Roads are generally in bad These states include the Songhai empire French administrators were appointed condition. except for the east-west link in the west, the Hausa.kingdoms in the cen­ throughout the territory; they were under between Zihder and Niamey and across the the orders of governors who were all­ borders into Nigeria, Benin and Upper tral and southern regions and the Borno 6 OCTOBER 1983 Volta. The Trans-Sahara route has not yet empire in the east. They controlled the powerful in the colony though also strictly ATTEMPTED COUP been modernised and is treacherously sandy 'southern bases' of the trans-Saharan trade bound by the decisions of the Governor­ across much of Niger. route. They expanded their territories by General in Dakar and the metropolitan making vassals of weaker and less stable government. The French replaced unre­ states and of scattered villages: These liable traditional chiefs with more amenable Television aud Radio: The government empires were based on a military hierarchy ones and curbed their powers, establishing On 6 October 1983, while Kountche was out station La Vou du Sahel broadcasts in the administrative and juridical system of the country at a French-African summit French, Hausa, Zarma. Tamachek. Kanuri. and on the slave trade. Islam was introduced Fulani, English and Arabic. into the' area in the 10th and lith centuries which is still in force. meeting at Vittei in France a group of army and spread through the aristocracy and the The development of the colony was officers attempted a coup. Some shooting upper milieux of the cities, but it was not hampered, however, by a lack of resources took place at key installations, but loyal Press: Le Sahel (daily); Sahel Hebdo until the 19th century that it actually suitable for easy exploitation and export. forces gained control. -The chief instigator of (weekly); Journal Officiel de Ia Repub­ affected the rural popUlation. . Groundnuts were introduced in 1930 and the attempt was said to have been the com­ lique du Niger (monthly) and Nigerama The first European to explore the central immediately gave good results. Hydro-agri­ mander of the presidential guard, Lt. (quarterly). Sudan was the Scotsman Mungo Park, who cultural schemes were attempted in the. Kidrissa Amadou known as 'Bonkano·. disappeared on the river Niger in 1806. This Niger valley but without any great success. The Prime Minister Oumarou Mamane was followed by major British expeditions Efforts were made in the field of stock­ was dismissed immediately after the coup Armed Forces: 2.000 men in the army, J(X} breeding, which came to fruition after 1955 attempt and Hamid Algabid was appointed in the airforce. 400 in the gendarmerie, from Tripoli (Libya)-both fo r exploration 1.000 in the natIonal guard and 500 in the and seekin~ trade with African states. Most when major drilling works were carried out in his place. civil police. 0 notable were those of Clapperton, Denham in the nomad area. The school attendance In 14 April 1984 the former President and Oudney (1822), and those of Richard­ rate remained low and Christianity has from 1960-74, Hamani Diori and the former son .arid Barth (1800-1855); the latter never made any significant impact. . Secretary General of the Sawaba party collected a considerable amount of infor­ The country began to evolve politically in Djibo Bakary were released from detention. mation on the region. 1946 with administrative reforms, elections 40 others, who had been arrested at the time Monteil's 1890 expedition was the first to various assemblies and the emergence of of Kountche's coup of 1974, were also set French military foray into the area. The several political parties including Hamani free. French exploited the rivalry between Diori's Niger Progressive Party (PPN), Religious riots in Yola, Nigeria in Feb­ princes and the instability engendered by affiliated to the African Democratic Rally ruary were partly blamed on people from Tuareg raids, and obtained treaties of (RDA) which continued growing in' impor­ Niger crossing the Nigerian border. alliance and protection which, from 1891 to tance until indepen

Massive -cardiac arrest when Junction Box goes out to lunch NAMIBIA has been languishing in ' and a kamakazi electrode from one of his employees re­ because he thought his girlfriend a vast Intensive Care Unit ever volunteered to self-destruct in the questing permission to leave the of­ had her phone off the hook for the since the heart of its communica­ holy name of Telecommuncatioris. fice beause it !lad suddenly become past four days. tions network was seized by a Our heroic electrode sacrificed filled with thick black smoke. People living in Olympia and massive cardiac arrest two weeks its busy little life and effectively The General, trained in these Pionierspark can still phone other ago. isolated Namibia from the rest of matters, immediately knew people , living in Olympia and Nobody "is quite sure how this the world. something was wrong. Pionierspark because they have near-fatal blow came about, but So what ... the two were never He managed to call the Brave their own private exchange. the mysterious words 'Junction connected anyway. Brigade seconds before his Box' are' on everyone's lips ... from Most Europeans think Namibia telephone transformed into a pud­ This is fine because nobody liv­ Cafe SchneiOer to Wilson's cuca is an obsolete social disease con­ dle of bubbling plastic. ~ ing outside these suburbs wants to shop there by Oshakati side. tracted by missionaries in East Within minutes hundreds of talk to them anyway. Yes, the circuitS may well have , Africa at the turn of the century. yellow-helmeted men poured into Wiring teams have been flown in been short and sweet, but very few Last week, thousands of the Post Office swinging wildly from Tokyo and anyone who has know the real reason why the J unc­ kilometers away in a room inside with their finely-honed axes. ever changed a plug can be seen tion Box went out to lunch on that a white house in Washington, It looked like something from a hunched over the Post Office cir­ particular day. Ronald 'What Sanctions?' Reagan John Carpenter horror film . cuit boards wielding anything from It was all because of Gwen idly wondered why his buddy Sean Most of them came staggering a monkey-wrench to a Lister's telephone. Cleary hadn't called. back out, suffering from polyvinyl sledgehammer. Her home line had been bearing Apart from him, nobody even chloride gas poisoning and terminal Every evening young boys carry­ up fairly well considering it was be­ noticed. brain damage. ing cleft sticks can be seen running ing tapped by the Security Pblice, The fire belligerently smoked its The Fire Brigade suddenly had between the Tintenpalast -and the the Vice Squad, the Ossewabrand­ insiduous way through the system an epidemic of acid-heads and offices of the Afrikaans morning wag and four Cabinet ministers. , with total contempt and disregard burned ,connections on its hands. newspaper, ferrying press releases But then the Pionierspark Boy for it's 35 000 parasitic friends, Disorder spread like Wildfire and instructions on how to run the Scouts decided to listen in as well, while the Postmaster General sat in through the country. country. and the Junction Box went for a meeting discussing ways to im­ Bridge partners couldn't be con­ Wherever you may be, Alex­ overkill. prove the ,service. tacted and J annie on the border ander Graham Bell, this will teach It couldn't handle the confusion Then he received a phone-call shot himself through. the head the swine to take you fo r granted.

• • • • • • •• •• •• •• •• •• •• • •• •• • • •• • • • e•. e • ••• ISTS ~-.-INST • •• • • •• • • • WELL OVER fifty British musi­ cians and artists have already sign­ ed up with Artists Against Apart­ heid, the cultural initiative set up in solidarity with the US-based Artists ~ United Against Apartheid, and the , British Anti-Apartheid Movement. ', , AAA was launched in April this ~ year, and has already embarked on a series of street concertS. Plans include a benefit record for o anti-apartheid causes, as well as a 1\ number of.iarge concerts. But AAA does not see itself as ••• •••...... ••••••••• ••• •• I rnt:: ••• • iA,.. v •• :· •••.-. • ••-, ~ ...... ·~·.:··.... : ...I ... : .. .. ,

••• •••••••• ,MMIl SAPt , ••••• , •••••• a mere fundraising vehicle. 'We aim ....: ::: to increase British public awareness ...... : ...... as to the nature of apartheid', they •••••••••• state in their introductory letter, •••••• and they plan to use cultural means Billy Ocean, Bronski Beat, Style Kirsty McCall, Kane Gang, Helen to support the cause of a 'free non­ Coul'}ci/, Smiley Culture, Junior Terry, Big Audio, Dynamite, Frank racial and democratic South Africa: Giscombe, Working Week, George Chickens, 'Dizzy Heights, Dire One of the key movers behind the. Melly, Midge Ure, Scritti Politti, Straits, UB40, Pete Townshend, Im-' campaign is Jerry Dammers, Cool Notes, Madness, Loose Ends, agination, Peter Gabriel, Gaspar vocalist and keyboardist with Latin Quarter, Communards, Lawai, Princess. 'Special AKA', whose single 'Nelson Animal Nightlife, Billy Bragg, Fine Mandela' hit the British charts a Young Cannibals, Hugh Masekela, The project has already received good two years ago. Amazulu, Pet Shop Boys, Courtney !,>rominent coverage in the New One of the AAA plans is to re­ Pine, Blancmange, Craig Charles, Musical Express. record the single and r(!lease a new A ztec Camera, New Order, Juliam 'Members of AAA will not play version which features some of the Bahula, Julian Temple, John Moss, Sun City, but they will go and play musicians and artists who have A mandla, Everything But The Girl, . in a free, non-racial South Africa, signed up with AAA. 52nd Street, Dream Academy, Lor­ and be welcomed not only as ar­ Judging from the list of support, na Gee, Stephen Tintin Duffy, John tists, but as fellow freedom fighters. it seems that there must be an ar­ Peel, Mad Professor, the Pogues, The purpose of the launch is to tist for every taste within AAA. So Sista Culcha, Gary Crowley, Jay send a clear message of support to check out the following: Strongman, Robert Elms, Pauline the oppressed people of South Harry Belqfonte, Simon Ie Bon, Black, Hard Rock Soul Movement, Africa', Jerry Dammers has said. Sir Richard A ttenborough, Jonas Gwangwa, Sade, Bob Geldof, Len­ •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •- • • • ny Henry, Aswad, Elvjs Costello, •...... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .... • • • THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 19 Triumphant return lJ,!·J~~l of the Karate Kid THE KARATE KID, like the Miyagi seems passive and simple, teenage hero it depicted, became a but underneath he is a warrior and champion critically and commer­ a mystic, and in this second film, cially with $100-million taken in at viewers will understand why. US box offices to date, and the When Daniel and Miyagi return same elements that made the 1984 to the latter's homeland after a self­ Columbia Pictures release 'such a imposed exile of 40 years, they are hit, are present again in 'The Karate met with tremendous forces of love Kid: Part II'.' and hate, unchanged in 'all that Ralph Mqcchio and Noriyuki time. (Pat) Morita, repeat their roles in Miyagi is confronted with the this Jerry Weintrub production love of his youth - Yukia - who from Mark Kamen's screenplay. has waited for him through all the' The ' picture also 'stars Nobu years, and Sato,' his former best McCarthy, Danny Kamekona and friend-who turned intO" a vengeful Yuji Okumoto, and introduces rival ~fter ' Yukia's rejection. . ~ Tamlyn. Tomita. Sato, u'nable to forgive or forget1 The sta,kes are nuch higer in this and is bent on a fight to tile death, film than in the fi rst. Now Daniel, even if it becomes necessary to the Kid, is fighting not just for destroy their boyhood home. competition points in Los Angelos, And Daniel, meanwhile, finds his but also defending himself :;md his own love in Yuki a's niece, Kumiko, mentor (Miyagi), against bitter foes and ' his own enemy in Sata's benf on their destruction in nephew, Chozen. . Okinawa. Karate Kid: Part II holds even Daniel (Ralph Macchio), left, is robbed by the brutal Chozen a~d his gang - a scene from 'The Karate The danger is not only to Daniel more depth and action than the Kid: Part II'. and Miyagi, but to the anchestral first one, and should prove a very village and the peaceful way of life satisfying movie for all 'Karate Kid' it represents. fans . Living on the edge

IN THE HEAT, dust and smog of a southern California summer, a United States Secret Service agent has been brutally murdered after discovering the hidden printshop of it ruthless professional counterfeiter - and a sophisticated crime drama about murder, passion and betrayal explodes across the glamorous boulevards and dingy side streets of a city of illusions in the film 'To Live and Die in LA.' To Live and Die in LA, based on the novel by Gerald Petievich, stars William L Petersen as Richard Chance, a daring but reckless member of the agency responsible for protecting the lives of presidents ., and the authenticity of the nation's currency. William Dafoe stars as Eric Masters, a master in the criminal art of creating cash, a man who hits the top of the Secret Service's most­ wanted list after coldly assassinating Chance's long-time Agents Vukovich and Chance put their careers and lives on the line when they rob a fence to finance a renegade undercover operation of their partner. own design in the film 'To Live and Die in LA'. John Pankow stars as Vukovich, a young agent assigned as Chance's informant and lover to stay out of mising and potent new forces on the partner: who urges that they pursue prison, while Dean Stockwell takes contemporary music scene. the conterfeiter by the book. the part of Bob Grimes, an amoral 'By doing a film soundtrack and But Chance hits the streets of Los attorney with no qualms about working in that very specific , Angelos with only one rule in mind representing Masters ' while plan­ medium we were actually able to - when your best friend has been ning to doublecross him when the create the kind of album we blown away there are no rules. heat is on. wanted', said lead vocalist, And Chance's taste for vengeance The author of.the novel To Live keyboard player and lead guitarist quickly draws the agents across the and Die in LA, is himself a United Jack Hues. fine line 'that exists between cops States Secret Service agent assign- . Bass guitarist, (also keyboards and their quarrY, trapping them in ed to the Los Angelos area, with and vocal), Nick Feldman added KIN~ 300 TEL. ,34155 five novels published to his credit. a no win situation with their lives, 'We wanted to get away from the Fri & Sat: 14h30/18hOO/~1hOO reputations and careers on the line. To the growing " number of limited structure of the pop single, Sun - Thurs: 14hh30/17h30/20hOO Designed as an e!1semble piece, modern music listeners familiar to open things up to the potential with seven leading roles, the film with the sweeping, intensely of our music'. KARATE KID PART II: Ralph Macchio, with the stakes much also stars Debra Feuer as Bianca, evocative and visually textured higher in this sequel. Eric Masters' sensuous accQmplice sound of Wang Chung, it will be Their music has added a deeper, Satllrday: WhOO and lover, John Turtl!rro as Carl good news that this British duo has more powerful dimension to the KARATE KID PART II: Ralph Macchio as Daniel, the teenage Cody, the deadly criminal's unlucky done the composition and perfor­ .film, and the title song of the score, hero is back for more thrills .. bagman, and Darlanne Fluegel por­ mance of the film score. 'To Live and Die in LA', became the trays Ruth Lanier, an ex-convict Their music is considered by soundtrack album's first single who is forced to become Chance's many to be among the most pro- release. WINDHOEK DRIVE-IN TEL. 51700 19hOO: - TO LIVE AND DIE IN L.A.: A crime drama starring William Petersen, based on the book by Gerald Petievich , and ADVERTISE IN THE NAMIBIAN. an age restriction of 2-21, PLUS IT IS WORKING FOR YOUR FUTURE! UP IN SMOKE: A comedy and an age restriction of 2-18.

.I 20 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 ------~~ tv~ AUG. 1 - AUG. 7 L.F\'J FRIDAY modern Italy, the dark 17h27 Prog. Schedule 17h30 Hand in Hand underworld of the big 17h35 Vrolike Ver,haaltjies (final) with their high society of 17h57 I1se ~ politics and finance ... a mys 18h21 Sport terious death, touching off 19h08 Candid Camera a chain of events that build 19h30 Hoekie vir Eensames 20hOO Suidwes Nuus up to a surprising climax and 20h15 Miami Vice lashings of tension, setting the 21h02 Empire (comedy) scene for tomorrow night's 21h26 News/ Weather NuuslWeer feature film on television. 21h46 Die Vissers van Moorhovd The Salamander, (obviously not 22h 11 The Villagers a new film, but still considered to 22h35 Football Made in Germany 23h28 Dagsluiting be one of the better 'oldies' in the espionage genre), stars Franco Nero ~ SATURDAY as Colonel Dante Alighieri Matuc­ ci, an Intelligence agent called in to 17h27 Prog'ramrooster investigate the death of General 17h30 Kompas 17h33 The Gummi Bears Pantaleone, a nobleman of neo­ 17h56 Teletien fascist leanings. 18h26 Middagvertoning (music) Matucci and his companion 18h53 Prime Time Stefanelli, (Martin· Balsam), only 19h22 Veebee find one clue, a small calling card 20hOO WKRP in Cincinnatti bearing the crest of a salamander. 20h24 Film: The Salamander To keep the lid on the case and 24hOI Nuus/ Weer News/weather to earn more time for their in­ 22h21 Musikladen . vestigation, the official cause of 22h51 Alfred Hitchcock presents .. 23hl4 Epilogue death is given as 'heart failure'. Sybil Danning, Christopher Lee SUNDAY and Anthony Quinn, Eli Wallach, John Steiner and Claudia Cardinale 16h27 Progamrooster 16h30 The Wuzzles - WAIt Disney are some of the wellknown names 16h53 Storybook International featured in this film of intrigue, I7h17 Jimmy Swaggert drama and power play. 18h03 Musiek Empire, (not to be confused with 18h15 Stomstreke the mini-series of a 18h45 The Living Planet (final) similar name), 19h38 Dr Jim Kildare 20hOO News Review/Nuusoorsig 20h15 Skattejag 21h18 Another Life 22h02 News/Weather Nuus/ Weer 22h22 Lig vir die Wereld MONDAY 17h27 Prog. Schedule 17h30 Hand in Hand I7h35 Interster I7h58 Video 2 18h28 Sport of his character, and is prepared to 19h05 Perspective do anything to see his little son. 19h35 The Cosby Show And for all Emergency Room 20hOO Suidwes-Nuus fans, a bit of a break is in stme. 20h15 Matt Houston Last week the SWABC indicated 21hOI Cervantes the final episode in this comedy. 21h51 News/Weather Nuus/ Weer However, according to the latest 22h11 Stress :- are you coping? o,~ei\\ ent for this magazine pro schedule, two more episodes were 22h26 Dagsluiting \)iC~ . gramme will also come the received. So on Wednesday the TUESDAY ~omedy, the first episode of way of local television. penultimate episode is due. which is due tonight. According to news reports; the 17h27 Programrooster In this hilarious adult comedy, new programme is titled I7h30 Kompas viewers take a look at life in the ex­ downer', and is in the hands of pro­ I7h35 WieHe Walie I7h50 Doffel, Babbel en Bekkie ecutive suite of a major corpora­ ducer Moira Tuck. 18h02 Sport tion, and the intrigue found within ' Veebee, not too bad as South 19h14 Vyfster II the corporate structure. AFrican productions go, is however ~::··;:··;;:··.;:··.t 20hOO South West News Starring are Dennis Dugan, not a wortliy successor to 'AirwoIr, ..: ... :: ... :: ... :: .. 20h15 Falcon Crest (4th season) Patrick MacNee, Maureen Arthur, and it is hoped that sooner or later, 21hOl The Golden Girls Christine Belford, Caren Kaye, something of the same calibre will :: :: : : : :: : i: :: :i: : : 21h26 Nuus/ Weer News/ Weather Richard Masur and a host of come along. .:::::::::::::::::~ . 21h46 Fliisse Der Erde ••• • ••••••••• others, Empire has all the elements Also scheduled for Saturday .... : .... : .... : ... 22h29 Epilogue ..... , of laughter, lust and anxiety, and afternoons (for the next 13 Satur­ ...... : ...... : ...... WEDNESDAY life in the boardroom proves to be .days, to be exact!) is the programme ...... : .. . wild and wonderfully witty. Middagvertoning, a music series ".. ... - ...... : ...... -... .. I7h27 Prog. Schedule Ben Christian, newly-appointed made at various venues with dif­ ' ... : ....: .... : .. ~ I7h30 Hand in Hand research chief has values very dif­ ferent audiences, featuring singers •••••••••••••••• ' ... : ... : .... : .. I7h35 Sind bad ferent from the others. and personalities such as Sonja • •••••••••••••• I7h59 The Bubblies He is honest, sincere and hard­ Herold and Esme Euverard. "...... 18h04 Abakus .:: ... : .... : .. ~ working, while Chairman Cromwell This programme is aimed at \ ...... 18 h16 Gillette World Sport Special spends his time encouraging fric­ senior citizens and features various ••••••••••• ••• 19h15 The A-Team \ ...... tion and paranoia among his staff, small towns and old-age pensioners ...... -. 20hOO Suidwes Nuus ~: •• ::· •• :: •• t 20h15 The Last Outlaw perpetuating the old adage 'anxie­ who will be discussing various ••••••••••••• 21h51 Emergency Room (ER) ty breeds excellence'. topics of interest every now and ••••••••••••• 21hl4 Nuus/ Weer· News/ Weather Ben begins to wonder whether or then. ••••••••••••• e •••••••••• 2lh34 Police File not he is cut out to be an executive. The second episode of Cervantes, •••: e .•••••••: t 21h49 The Villagers Other occupants of the executive dubbed into Afrikaans, is due on ...... :.-...... 22hl3 Dagsluiting ' suite are Ben's eccentric secretary, Monday again, quite a colourful .. Peg, the beautiful (and jealous) and dramatic story, which unfor­ THURSDAY director of public relat.ioris, tunately loses much in the dubbing. 17h27 Program rooster Meredith, the barracuda-like Senior Possibly the best news of the 17h30 Kompas Vice President, Everett Roland, the week, is the announcement of the 17h33 Maya The Bee shaky Vice President of Sales, Jack new series Vyfster II, starting on 17h57 Uit en Tuis Willow and his ambitious wife Tuesday at 19h14. 18h32 Sport Jackie, who turns out to be the real This sequel to the very popular 19h14 Die Waaghals power behind the scenes, and there Vyfster (screened locally quite some 20hOO South West News is the paranoid security chief, time ago), consists of six episodes 20hl5 Hotel T Howard Daniels. and features all the original 21 .hOI Die Schwarzwaldklinik (New Saturdays seem to be in for a bit 21h44 Nuus/ Weer News/Weather characters, and was also filmed in 22h04 Kom Kuier Saam Met ... of a nose-dive as far as being a and around the Pretoria Prison. 22h24 EpiloglJe popular viewing night is concern- This time, Gerrie Prinsloo, the , ed, and now there's the news that young prison warden, finds himself Prime Time has been scrapped by on the inside, after he has been the SABC, leaving viewers wonder­ caught helping a prisoner escape. ing whe~her the proposed replace- Skollie also shows another facet .' THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 21 english Permanent contraception PUNCTUATION STERILIZATION a vasectomy, the couple must use addi­ REASONS FOR USING THIS METHOD tional methods of contraception to pre­ Last week we gave attention to how to use commas 1 The couple have enough children in writing. This week we will look at three more punc­ In contrast to the methods of contracep­ vent pregnancy. tion discussed in the past weeks, according to their planning and tuation symbols. These are the exclamation mark, In America vasectony is becoming more sterlization should always be considered have no plans to have any further the apostrophe and the question mark. and more popular in families where the chi ld ren. a permanent prevention of pregnancy. An exclamation mark (!) is used at the end of a couple want no more children - that is, 2 The woman has had more than one Sterilization is the most pO'pular method sentence in the place of a fullstop. It shows that the that they consider their family complete. Caesarean Section and it is con­ sentence which it ends is intended to have great of preventing pregnancy for couples in sidered unsafe for her to have any force or emphasis. It can show surprise, anger, hor­ whom the wife is between 33-44 years. FEMALE STERILIZATION fu rther children. Both partners should be consulted ror, etc. Female sterilization is by tubal litigation before either of them embark on this 3 Th~ woman has a medical problem (the tying or cutting of the fallopian tubes Oh no! There's a rat in the drinking water! procedure. or condition which is so severe that Don't ever put a rat in the drinking water again! which carry the female egg from the pregnancy would endanger her life. STERILIZATION IN MEN ovaries to the uterus or womb), a more Exclamation marks should only be used where they 4 The husband or wife is a carrier of The procedure in men is called vasec­ complicated procedure requiring an ab­ a genetic condition which is so are really necessary. It is a very bad idea to use too dominal operation. many of them. tomy, which is the cutting or tying of the severe that a child should not be vas deferens (the tube carrying the male This operation is done in hospital under produced. The apostrophe (') is used in two ways. sperms from where they are produced anaesthetic and requires that the 5 Couples who by choice do not want (1) It is used to shoiN that two words have been to the penis). woman be admitted to the hospital. to have children. This is happening joined together into a single word. For example, The small operation is carried out in the This operation, although reversible in more and more in areas of highly instead of writing 'do not', we usually write 'don't'. outpatients department of a hospital and some cases, should be considered a sophisticated societies. The apostrophe between the n and the t shows takes about 20 minutes. It takes some permanent prevention of pregnancy. that a letter has been left out. We always put time after the operation for the man to The woman is sterile immediately after Next week we will look at abortion as a the apostrophe at the point where a letter has become sterile, thus in the weeks after the operation. method of family spacing. been left out. More examples follow: can't = can not I'm = I am He'll = he will They're = they are (2) The other use of the apostrophe is to show ' possession (belonging, ownership). Instead of writing 'the windows of the building, we usual­ ly write 'The building's windows'. In the same way: The man's shirt = the shirt of the man The river's banks = the banks of the river We have shown possession by adding '5 onto the noun. There are some important exceptions, when the noun itself already ends with an -5. Most plural nouns end with an -5, and in these cases we put the apostrophe after the Os, not before it. The books' covers = the covers of the books The book's covers = the· covers on one book The trees' leaves = the leaves of many trees The tree's leaves = the leaves of one tree The politician.s' beliefs = the beliefs of many politicians The politician's beliefs = the beliefs of one politician pcy ItwB, Ibouglui Ngema, .Bapne y There are however, some plural nouns that don't end with an -5 (e.g. mouse = mice). In these cases, to show possession we put the apostrophe before the -so Mice's toenails = the toenails of many mice Men's attitude = the attitude of many men As we have said, apostrophes indicate possession. Pronouns however, don't get apostrophes for their possessive forms. its message = the message of it his book = the book of him her dress = the dress of her their intention = the intention of them. This is particularly important in the case of 'its', as confusion can be caused by the incorrect use of an apostrophe. Remember that: it's = it is but its = the possessive form of 'it' The question mark (?) is used at the end of a sentence in the pl ace of a fullstop to show that the sentence is a question, not a statement. Are you ready yet? A triumph for Space Theatre Did they arrive on time? THE DRAMA Department of original actors, Percy Mtwa and Ngema. Magazine. The question mark must also be used inside quota­ the Academy has announced He has been working with the cast, In New York it played for six months tion marks when we are quoting a question that with great pride that the award­ shaping and perfecting the work under at the Lucille Lortel Theatre in Green­ somebody else has asked: the supervision and direction of Barney it winning play 'Woza Albert!' is wich Village, where won an Obie for 'Has anybody seen my jersey?' he asked. Simon. O u tstand ing Achievement in to be staged at ' the Space T he original Woza Albert!, which was production. She asked, 'What is the time now?' Theatre from August 9-16. directed by Barney Si mon had four After New York the show compl eted The play outlines the iniquities of . block-busting seasons at the Market a five city four month tour of America Theatre. apartheid and the suffering endured and was invited to Australia by the It also appeared at the New T hea tre Nimrod Theatre Company of Sydney in by black people forced to live under for Now Festival in Los Angeles, and for 1984. the system, but does so without bit­ two seasons at the Berkley Repertory An edited version of Woza Albert! terness . and with . a touch of Theatre in San Francisco, where it won was filmed by the BBC and has already humour. the Bay Area Critics Circle Award for had repeated broadcasts in the UK and It has been described as a revue of Best Acting, Best Direction and Best En­ other parts of the world. almost pure entertainment which carries tire Production. It has also been recorded for radio by a message. It also played in festivals in Nancy, the BBC. ' France, the Edinburgh Festival (where The two actors, Louis Seboko and This particular production of Woza it won a Fringe First Award), and the Sello Make, received rave re.views for Albert! is based on the original produc­ International Theatre Festival in Berlin. their performances at the Market tion which was created by Percy Mtwa, Theatre. Mbongeni Ngema and Barney Simon, In London' it played at the Riv·erside Reservations can be made by contact­ and is being restaged on this occasion Studios in Hammersmith, at the ing Alida Claassen at the Space Thearre. by Dimon Maleic, who of all people in Bloomsbury Theatre ·and at the Elizabeth House, Storch Street and en­ the world, must rank as one who has the Criterion Theatre in the West Em!, trance fees will be R5,00 for adults and most intimate and extensive knowledge ' where it received a special award from R2,00 for students. Performances stan of the play - aside of course from the the British Theatre Association Drama at 20h30 daily. -- 22 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986

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RICOMA JOINERY for built-in cupboards. Tel: 3425011 , Broken chairs, cupboards Mothers and cane articles??? Ilf?f!r/ mothers-to-be! Broken shoes, HI. FOff(£T IT'5 7H€ HIlT, leatherwork??? HI. IT. ISN'T IT? We have a great selection of Let the disabled of EHAFO \ \ I \ prams, carry-cots, feeding chairs, baby camp cots, high help you! chairs etc. Ehafo Work Centre and Nursery See us today at operated by the Association GORELICKS for. the Handicapped Kaiser Street Tel: 37700 in SWAINamibia (WO 1) Tel. 06,1-37500 RICO WELDING WORKS Private Bag 13316 for all welding and steelwork Windhoek 9000 Phone 3415011 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1 1986 23 Games in jeopardy xln COMMONWEALTH GAMES ~.~II." Edinburgh, Scotland r.• ...,,~ Britain Canada n· 1934 London I . 1930 Hamilton 16 countries 500 competitors 11 countries 400 competitors VI . 1958 Cardiff . V ·1954 Vancouver 35 countr.ies 1,130 competitors 24 countries 662competitors IX . 1970 Edinburgh XI·1978 Edmonton 42 countries 1,383competitors XIII·1986 Edinburgh.

New Zealand

Victory countries 590 competitors X'1974 Christchurch' AFRICAN STARS of Windhoek Australia last weekened were somewhat lucky to retain the Hans and Louis 111'1938 Sydney , Knock-out Cup after defeating 15countries 464 competitors Young Ones on penalties in the VII'1962 Perth semi-finals and Benfica of Tsumeb 35countries 863 COfT1)etitors 2 - 1 in the final at the Katutura Stadium. XII'1982 Brisbane Benfica reached the final after 47 countries 2143 cOmpetitors eliminating'Eleven Arrows 4 - 3 on penalties after the teams had played to a two-all draw. The other semi-final played on 1911 Crystal Palace, London: First Empire Sports. Five events. Canada wins. Saturday was by far the best match of the weekend with Young Ones 1930 Canada: First Empire Games squandering a 2 - 0 half-time lead against Stars. Pieter Moller and Lance Bo.YCOTTS and , threatened THE COMMONWEALT.H GAMES in Edinburgh are the 13th Commonwealth Games Federation Willemse shot the Khomasdal side boycotts have come as no great sur­ in the series. The number has seemed to live up to its reputa­ (CGF) becomes equal partner with ahead but an own goal by Martin prise to those who have been try­ tion, for the preparations have been fraugh( with problems. Not the Organising Committee in each Dandu and a penalty taken by ing to get the 13th Commonwealth only boycotts over South Africa have put the Games in jeopar­ subsequent venue and thus has a 50 Jackson Merero allowed Stars to Games underway. dy. Weeks before the opening, the finances were in a perilous per cent share of the profits. draw level. The Games could well still turn state, despite the introduction of commercial sponsorship. Bob CGF Chairman Peter Heatly ex­ The match was then decided on out to b,e a great su.cc.ess, but till the Holmes -of Gemini News' Service, r eports the traumas. plains: 'The- l3hilosophy_of Los penalties with the Ones player­ very last moment, little has gone on Angeles brought a change in our coach Gary Sales inexplicably tak­ right ever since Edinburgh was constitution to make sponsorship , ing the first shot. He fired his shot chosen as the venue. palpably did not. athletes, who would not fit into possible and Edinburgh, which is straight at the goalkeeper and Stars Barely a month from the open­ These are the first Com­ Pollak Halls, where the competitors the first commercially-sponsored went on to win 5 - 4, ing ceremony, last Thursday, a monwealh Games to be commercia­ stayed last time, and accom­ Commonwealth Games, has The other semi-final was not desperate last-ditch financial rescue ly sponsored. modating an extra 300 journalists, already granted £25 000 to CGF without controversy with Benfica's operation averted a major disaster. The system had worked so who in the last. days before the funds: first goal being hotly disputed by At the beginning of June, Ken brilliantly for the 1984 Olympics in, opening still did not have ,seats in Previously, the CGF, which holds Eleven Arrows. The ball apeared to Borthwick, Chairman of the Los Angelos, that it seemed sure to the Meadowbank Press Box, the title to the Games, merely acted enter the goalmouth through a hole Organising Committee, sent shivers overcome (l,ny local political inter­ despite being accredited. as an adviser with the bulk of the' in the net but the referee ruled in all the way from the Scottish office party traumas in Edinburgh. Borthwick, who had been trying profits going to the Organising Benfica's favour. - the British Government depart­ Alas, it did not. Numerous im­ to put on a brave face, was moved Committee. Arrows managed to draw level ment that administers Scotland - aginative fund-raising schemes were sid ways. He retained his place as Now, with television contracts before half-time via the boot of to the government in London. put into operation. Chairman of the organising com­ and sponsorship from multi­ J uli us Shi vu te. At the behest of Secretary , of A professional sponsor-finding mittee, but with no real power to national companies producing a With the sides evenly matched, State for Scotland, Malcolm company, Saatchi and Saatchi, was run the show, much larger cake, there will each scored again in the second Rifkind, a salvage movement was hired to sell the event to big When the takeover was announc­ hopefully, be enough slices to go half, Somea Sam netting for Ben­ launched. business. Still the money came in a ed, he said 'These rapid and, effec­ around for a central fund to be fica from the penalty spot and For domestic political reasons, trickle rather than a flood. tive st~ps which now have my built up from which places like New Denina Nakuafila scoring for Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, But lack of confidenct:; in the wholehearted support, have put tht:; Delhi and Nairobi and perhaps, Arrows. already in a mess with the Com­ organisation as a whole was exacer­ future and success of the Games eventually, Kuala Lumpur and Sunday's final never reached the monwealth over South Africa, bated by political squabbling. Many beyond any possible doubt: Lagos can' draw. same heights as the two semi-finals needs a successful Games. now must wish they had taken Robert Maxwell and his coherts, Heatly says 'Our hope is that but Stars did show that they can ,And that ~he ,most certainly Prince Philip's advice. . have not ,been slow to boost their very soon we shall hold the Games come from behind 'after Daddy would not have had with a deficit When, shown the massive com­ own part in the rescue. in Africa, or in the East, but there Uushona put Benfica ahead with a of £4 million to make up in the six mittee structure in the early days, A Daily Mirror headline read is a huge disparity of economic well taken goal. ' week.s before., opening day - , the . he is reported to nave remarked: 'Mirror Saves Games: wealth among member nations, True to their character, Stars amount the Borthwick team an­ 'You can get rid of that lot for a Among the most relieved are That is why the Federation must be equalised while, Benfica were still nounced that it needed to break stare those countries hoping to stage the well-funded, to help these countries celebrating their Qpening goal. . , even. ~ • Finally, after Rifkind's interven­ championships ih their own capitals . where sponsorship is' difficult: In the second-half, Stars coach Till then, few people had realis­ tion, a high-powered team of fund­ in the years to come. A flop in Already, he has accepted an an­ Oscar Mengo replaced' an ineffec­ ed - even the actual committees raisers came in at the eleventh hour. Edinburgh would diminish their nual sum of £50 000 from now un­ tive Jackson Merero with veteran seemed unaware of the crisis - that. They made strange but effective chances even further. til 1990 from the Auckland Immanuel Kamuserandu who add­ the whole sho;' could be decimated bedfellows: Mirror Group The 1990 Games are to be held organisers. ed the needed punch to the front­ by shortage of funds. Newspapers, News International in Auckland, New Zealand, but in But it is not just in money mat­ line. David Dixon, Secretary of the and Express Newspapers. 1994, they could take place in Asia' ters that a new broom appears to He eventually set up Stars' win­ Commonwealth Games Federation, Another group consisted of or Africa. be sweeping clean. ning goal which was scored by admits that 'seriously truncated' Robert Maxwell, the owner of Mir­ With the exception of Kingston, Since the inauguration of the· Jamanuka 'Tjihero. championships were likely until the ror Newspapers, Guinness Chair­ Jamaica, which staged the 1966 Games in 1930, meetings of the Ad­ Despite not winning the tourna­ SOS was answered. man Ernest Saunders and the Chief Games, this quadrennial gathering visory Committee had always been ment, Young Ones were by far the Only weeks earlier, Borthwick of British Telcom, Sir George has always been the preserve of the held in London. Not any more. best team on display and proved had been confidently telling the Jefferson. 'old' Commonwealth nations - Earlier this year, Nairobi was the that they are fast becoming a force press: 'We have all the money we But in real command of the Britain, Canada, Australia and New venue. Barbados will play host next to be reckoned with while Stars need: rescue was Bryan Cowgill, head of Zealand - largely because of their year. seemingly have sorted out the pro­ Edinburgh is the only city to host -BBC Sport at the time of the 1970 infrastructural and fin'ancial It might just be that this fresh at­ blems which saw them slump to the Commonwealth Games twice. Games. resources. titude to the Commonwealth's various defeats at the beginning of The first time was in 1970. What " Powerful people. But even they Alterations now being made in _newest members will keep the the season. had seemed like a vote for com­ underestimated the challenge. the way funds are handled could Games on course - despite all the In last years' Hans and Louis monsense in returning the event to Cowgill said: 'l never realised it was open the door to such sites as problems and the perennial spectre final, Stars defeated Eleven Arrows a city that had already run the such a mess and neither did the Nairobi and New Delhi, where of South Africa. I - 0 and after again being among Games so efficiently began to ­ committee: facilities already exist, but which The Games and the Com- , the top four,' Arrows too are slow­ backfire when the Conservative Apart from the money he had to still need a little help from their monwealth will be aU the better if ly establishing themselves as one of Council that wanted them was raise, Cowgill had other tasks, such more affluent friends. they become a genuinely moveable the top clubs in Namibia. ousted by a Labour Council that as housing an overflow of 2 800 Starting with Auckland, the feast. 24 THE NAMIBIAN FRIDAY August 1, 1986 JPS knock-out must attract 60 000 THE BIGGEST soccer tournament allocated for the tournament with BY DAVE SALMON hold all the advertising rights dur­ Tigers. in the history of Namibia, the JPS a 15070 escalation for the remaing ing the holding of the JPS Knocj<-. The first round matches will be Knock-out, is scheduled to kick-off two years. In 1987, the sponsorship 'eliminator, 8 second-round mat­ out. played on September 14 and 15. on August 16 and 17 when will be worth R16 500 and in 1988, ches,A quarter-final games, 2 semi­ The preliminary round matches The other first round matches preliminlJry matches will be played. R18 150. finals and a double-header final. are scheduled to take place on will be between BenficalHungry Full details of the sponsorship The agreement entered into by It is further stipulated that a August Hi and 17 this year. Those , Lions and Eleven Arrows/ Young were made available at a press con­ JPS and the Namibian Soccer minimum of 60 000 people in total matcbes, with first round ap­ Ones, the four bottom seeed teams ference last week with the 'initial Association (Nasa) stipulates that must attend the JPS Knock-out ponents in brackets are; Explorer from the NNSL. period' of three years up until 1988 a minimum of 16 matches be games each year and at least ten . Eleven vs Robber Chanties (Orlan- worth approximatelyR50 000. played in 1986 and 34 matches in games ' must be 'canned' for do Pirates), Namib Woestyn vs The quarter-finals take place on , The tournament will be played each of the remaining years. television. Golden Bees (Black Africa), Cuca October 11 and 12, the semi-finals over a period of eleven weeks from In 1986 this will comprise 8 first There are various other stipula­ Tops vs Chief Santos (Chelsey) and on October 25 and 26 and the two­ April to August each year with the round matches, 4 quarter-final tions indu'ding the requirement Highland ~ Bucs vs Ramblers leg final on November 2 and 9. exception of this year and the spon­ matches, two semi-finals and a that competing teams and officials (African Stars). The winning team will receive R5 sorship will terminate on October double-header final. wear kit supplied by JPS and that Golden Bigs received a bye into 000, the runners-up R2 000 and the 31, 1988. In 1987/88, the tournament will JPS and it's holding company the first round where they will meet two beaten semi-finalists R700 This year, R 15 000 has been comprise 17 first-round matches, 1 United Tobacco Conwany Limited the two top seeds, Blue Waters and each. Hat-trick as Namibia triumphs THE NAMmIAN National soccer the newlook side under the leader­ periods of sustained pressure ap­ XI did the country proud last Sun­ ship of Bertus Damon' went on to plied by the local side: day when they easily defeated win the match 2 - O. This years' tournament is being Southern Transvaal 8 - 0 in the first All this was put aside on Sunday played along the same rules as the match of the 1986 Impala Tourna­ as the combined team,systematical­ World Cup with teams playing a ment played lIt the Thkosa Stadium ly took their opponents apart. series of round robin matches to in Soweto. At half-time they already led 4 qualify for the knockcout stage of Although not the strongest team - 0 with the strike force of Joseph the tournament. available (players from five top Martin, Frankie Fredericks, Players from Blue Waters, dubs were not considered) it was Sidigias Aucamp and Foresta African Stars, Benfica, Young the first time that a GOmbined team Nicodemus terrodsing the Ones and Eleven Arrows were not was fielded since the NNSL's re­ Southern Tvl goalmouth. considered for Sunday's match due -affiliation to Nasa. With Ramblers Peter Schweitzer to other committments. With a full Last season, an NNSL team solid in goal, the Transvaalers strength team, Namibia will prove reached the final of the tournament never looked like scoring. unstoppable as they march to their where they drew two-all with North Namibia added another four second successive triumph in the Western Cape. goals in the second period with Impala Tournament. The final was then re-played in Martin completing a well deserved The teams' next match in the Windhoek but only one of the hat-trick and Fredericks and tournament will be played in orginal side remained after the Nicodemus each finishing with two Windhoek. NNSL had severed links with the goals apiece. ' controlling body. In a demonstra­ The other goal was an own-goal tion of Namibian soccer strength, conceded during one of the many Black Africa 'CHEEK TO CHEEK' vs Tour Blue waters? A BLUE Waters-Black Africa final is on the cards for this weekend's Radiator Services sponsored Black Africa tournament to be played at the Katutura Stadium and Showgrounds tomorrow and on Sunday. For the first time in over a year, non-NNSL teams have been invited to participate in a tournament of this nature, being SKW, Sorendo Bucs, Pirates and Defence. Last years' Mainstay Cup winners Ramblers turned down an offer to ' BERTUS DAMON, captain of Namibia National soccer XI, haS a playas they have 'n,o players'. good reason to smile after their convincing 8-0 victory against Southern -' The other ten teams are all from Transvaal in the first match 9f the 1986 Impala Tournament played the NNSL. at the Thkosa Stadium in Soweto last Sunday. Two teams, Chelsey and Benfica have a bye into the quarter-finals, Matches will be played over 70 vs Af1"ican Stars - 11.40am, Soren­ three of which wiH be played under minutes. The first round matches, do Bucs vs Tigers - Ipm, Orlando floodlights at the Showgrounds on with starting times, are; Hungry Pirates vs Blue Waters - 2.20pm Saturday with the other to be Lions vs Eleven Arrows - 9am, and Black Africa vs Young Ones - played in Katutura at 5pm. Defence vs Pirates - 1O.20am, SKW ,3.40pm. The first quarter-final starts at ''- IIliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~ 5pm at tHe Katutura Stadium with Amphitheatre, Katutu.ra the remaining three matches taking EXTRA INCOME!!! , place at the Showgrounds starting 12hOO-18hOO Secunty at 6.20pm. Be your own boss ,and work for yourself. The first semi-final takes place at Kuisebmond Community Hall 4.8.86 the Katutura Stadium at 9am with Walvisbay 19h30 the second to start atlO.20am. The final kicks-off at 4pm. Arandis Town Hall 19h30 Housewives, scholars, businessmen, pensioners, students, The winning team will receive R2 .Tuesday 5.8.86 600, the runners-up Rl 200 and the teachers, nurses - are you looking for extra money? beaten semi-finalists R350 each. Comm'unity Wednesday 6.8.86 ~all Have you got two hours a day to spend on yourself? The entrance fee for adults will - Otjiwarongo 19h30 be R2 and for children RI. Those paying at the Katutura Stadium on Oshakati 19h30 Saturday will receive ' pass-outs Friday 8.8.86 We arrange credit and all types of stock for you. Exclusive services now should they wis h to leave the available, We handle financing up to R100 000. We can help you start stadium to return later. 9.8.86 Tsumeb 19h30 your own business, or from a shopping centre, as well as part-time work The big draw-card on Saturday ~ and Sunday at the Katut~ " Rundu Stadium 13h30-18hOO for ladies, We are looking for reps countrywide, with a basic salary of 111.8.86 R1 200,00 per month. Please send R5,OO plus 4 x 15c stamps to: Stadium will be the 'Heroes' who­ Flame Distributors PO Box 1523 Tsumeb 9000 SWA last Sunday entertained the massive crowd at the Swapo RallY . They will play periodically inbetween matches and before Sunday'S final.