DOCSLIB.ORG

(Solanaceae) in the Coastal Atacama Desert of Chile

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Solanaceae) in the Coastal Atacama Desert of Chile CHARACTERIZATION OF SEED DORMANCY OF NOLANA (SOLANACEAE) IN THE COASTAL ATACAMA DESERT OF CHILE JOSEFINA HEPP CASTILLO SANTIAGO - CHILE 2019 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal CHARACTERIZATION OF SEED DORMANCY OF NOLANA (SOLANACEAE) IN THE COASTAL ATACAMA DESERT OF CHILE Josefina Hepp Castillo Tesis para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias de la Agricultura Santiago, Chile, agosto 2019 Tesis presenteda como parte de los requisitos para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias de la Agricultura, aprobada por el Comité de tesis _____________________ Prof. Guía, Samuel Contreras Escobar _____________________ Prof. Co-Guía, Pedro León Lobos __________________ Prof. Informante 1, Gloria Montenegro Rizzardini ___________________ Prof. Informante 2, Miguel Gómez Ungidos Contents Chapter I. General introduction.......................................................................................... 8 1.1 Definition of desert .................................................................................................... 8 1.1.1 The coastal Atacama Desert in Chile ............................................................. 9 1.2 Germination in desert environments .................................................................... 11 1.3 Dormancy mechanisms and their ecological importance ................................. 12 1.3 The genus Nolana ................................................................................................... 15 Hypothesis ...................................................................................................................... 17 Objectives........................................................................................................................ 18 a. General objective ................................................................................................ 18 b. Specific objectives ............................................................................................... 18 References ...................................................................................................................... 27 Chapter II. Characterization of seed dormancy of twelve Chilean species of Nolana (Solanaceae) from the coastal Atacama Desert ........................................................... 31 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 31 Materials and methods .................................................................................................. 33 Results and discussion ................................................................................................. 38 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 47 References ...................................................................................................................... 47 Chapter III. Current and future patterns of distribution of Nolana species (Solanaceae) from the coast of Chile and their relation to seed dormancy ............. 51 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 51 Materials and methods .................................................................................................. 53 Results and discussion ................................................................................................. 59 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 66 References ...................................................................................................................... 67 Chapter IV. Comparative fruit anatomy and morphology of twelve species of Nolana (Solanaceae) of the coastal Atacama Desert, Chile....................................... 77 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 77 Materials and methods .................................................................................................. 79 Results and discussion ................................................................................................. 83 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 95 References ...................................................................................................................... 95 Chapter V. A new endemic species of Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae) from near Iquique, Chile ...................................................................................................................... 98 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 99 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................. 99 Description .................................................................................................................... 100 References .................................................................................................................... 104 Annexes ......................................................................................................................... 107 Chapter VI. A study of fruit development in Nolana paradoxa (Solanaceae) from the coast of Chile ............................................................................................................. 115 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 115 Materials and methods ................................................................................................ 116 Results and discussion ............................................................................................... 118 Conclusions .................................................................................................................. 125 References .................................................................................................................... 125 VII. General conclusions ................................................................................................. 127 AGRADECIMIENTOS Esta tesis fue financiada por CONICYT a través de la Beca de Doctorado en Chile N° 21130176. Han sido muchas las personas que me han acompañado a lo largo de estos años. En primer lugar, quiero agradecer a los profesores de mi comité de tesis; a mi tutor, Samuel Contreras, por guiarme en todo el proceso, por su confianza y disponibilidad, por sus enseñanzas, su ética y paciencia. A Pedro León, co-tutor de esta investigación, por haber sido el primero en motivarme a realizar el doctorado y facilitar la vinculación con el Jardín Botánico de Kew; a Gloria Montenegro, por ser un ejemplo de lo que se puede hacer como mujer en ciencias; y a Miguel Gómez, por compartir conmigo sus conocimientos, sus libros y su amistad. También a Eduardo Olate, por haberme impulsado en el inicio. Al profesor Michael Dillon, por ayudarme con la taxonomía de Nolana y compartir muchísima información y fotografías; a Patricio Pliscoff, por enseñarme sobre nichos, modelación y proyecciones. A los curadores y al personal de los herbarios SGO y CONC, por permitir la revisión y fotografía de colecciones, en particular a Gloria Rojas, Víctor Ardiles y Alicia Marticorena. A Vanezza Morales por su ayuda con la descripción de especies. A Wolfgang Stuppy, por posibilitar la pasantía en el Banco de Semillas del Milenio. A todos los que estuvieron conmigo en UK: a mis amigos Paulina Hechenleitner, Oliver Whaley y Marthita; a Martin Gardner y Sabina Knees, por su generosidad y constante apoyo; a Gunnar Ovstebo y Tom Christian por sus valiosas enseñanzas en el Jardín Botánico de Edimburgo. A la Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF), por los permisos otorgados para llevar a cabo las colectas en terreno, en especial al personal del Parque Nacional Pan de Azúcar y Parque Nacional Llanos de Challe. A Milsa Tapia, administradora del parque Puquén en Los Molles, por permitir el acceso para colectar semillas. Al Centro UC del Desierto de Atacama, por facilitar la visita a la Estación Experimental Atacama UC en el oasis de niebla de Alto Patache, y por tantos años de amistad y trabajo en el desierto, sobre todo a Camilo del Río, Juan Pablo Astaburuaga, Eric Parra, Nicolás Zanetta, Javiera Machuca, don Horacio Larraín, Pilar Cereceda, Ana María Errrázuriz, Pablo Osses, Juan Luis García, Margot Lagos, Cristina Vidal y Alicia Guentulle. A mis compañeros del Laboratorio de Semillas, en especial a Carolina Ayala, Francisca Subiabre, Paola Guilleminot, Elisa Cabrera, Inés Vilches, Patricia Caroca, Jennifer Soto, por la constante motivación para trabajar y pasarlo bien al mismo tiempo. A Pedro Espinoza, por su ayuda con los cortes histológicos; a Fabiola Orrego, por el apoyo en propagación vegetativa; a Ignacia Erices, por su disposición y ayuda con los experimentos; a Pablo Espinoza, por facilitar los instrumentos. A todos los que me acompañaron en algún momento a terreno (Sofía Vio, Miguel Gómez, Elisa Cabrera, Benjamín Moreno, Daniela Richaud, Nicolás Jiménez, Camila Di Domenico, Ester Vargas, Felipe Lobos, Constanza Gazmuri, Eduardo Contreras, don Horacio Larraín, Carolina Ayala, María Ignacia Cuadra,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Rain Shadows
    WEB TUTORIAL 24.2 Rain Shadows Text Sections Section 24.4 Earth's Physical Environment, p. 428 Introduction Atmospheric circulation patterns strongly influence the Earth's climate. Although there are distinct global patterns, local variations can be explained by factors such as the presence of absence of mountain ranges. In this tutorial we will examine the effects on climate of a mountain range like the Andes of South America. Learning Objectives • Understand the effects that topography can have on climate. • Know what a rain shadow is. Narration Rain Shadows Why might the communities at a certain latitude in South America differ from those at a similar latitude in Africa? For example, how does the distribution of deserts on the western side of South America differ from the distribution seen in Africa? What might account for this difference? Unlike the deserts of Africa, the Atacama Desert in Chile is a result of topography. The Andes mountain chain extends the length of South America and has a pro- nounced influence on climate, disrupting the tidy latitudinal patterns that we see in Africa. Let's look at the effects on climate of a mountain range like the Andes. The prevailing winds—which, in the Andes, come from the southeast—reach the foot of the mountains carrying warm, moist air. As the air mass moves up the wind- ward side of the range, it expands because of the reduced pressure of the column of air above it. The rising air mass cools and can no longer hold as much water vapor. The water vapor condenses into clouds and results in precipitation in the form of rain and snow, which fall on the windward slope.
    [Show full text]
  • An Integrated Analysis of the March 2015 Atacama Floods
    PUBLICATIONS Geophysical Research Letters RESEARCH LETTER An integrated analysis of the March 2015 10.1002/2016GL069751 Atacama floods Key Points: Andrew C. Wilcox1, Cristian Escauriaza2,3, Roberto Agredano2,3,EmmanuelMignot2,4, Vicente Zuazo2,3, • Unique atmospheric, hydrologic, and 2,3,5 2,3,6 2,3,7,8 2,3 9 geomorphic factors generated the Sebastián Otárola ,LinaCastro , Jorge Gironás , Rodrigo Cienfuegos , and Luca Mao fl largest ood ever recorded in the 1 2 Atacama Desert Department of Geosciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA, Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y 3 • The sediment-rich nature of the flood Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de resulted from valley-fill erosion rather Desastres Naturales (CIGIDEN), Santiago, Chile, 4University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LMFA UMR5509, Villeurbanne, France, than hillslope unraveling 5Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA, 6Escuela de • Anthropogenic factors increased the fi 7 consequences of the flood and Ingeniería Civil, Ponti cia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile, Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable 8 highlight the need for early-warning (CEDEUS), Santiago, Chile, Centro Interdisciplinario de Cambio Global, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, systems Chile, 9Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Supporting Information: Abstract In March 2015 unusual ocean and atmospheric conditions produced many years’ worth of • Supporting Information S1 rainfall in a ~48 h period over northern Chile’s Atacama Desert, one of Earth’s driest regions, resulting in Correspondence to: catastrophic flooding.
    [Show full text]
  • Environments
    EXTREME Environments Deborah Underwood EXTREME Environments Deborah Underwood Contents A World of Extremes 2 Chapter 1: The Coolest Places on Earth 4 Chapter 2: The Driest Desert 16 Chapter 3: Hot Spots 20 Chapter 4: Water, Water Everywhere 28 Chapter 5: The World’s Worst Climate? 36 Chapter 6: Under the Sea 42 Index 48 A World of Extremes Imagine a mountaintop where plumes of ice grow at the rate of one foot every hour, where you can watch a beautiful ice sculpture form over the course of one day. What about a desert where decades pass without rain, and the ground is dry and cracked in a thousand different places. How could anything possibly live there? Imagine winds that gust at speeds of 200 miles per hour. Could you survive out in the open with such winds blasting against you? How about temperatures of more than 130° Fahrenheit? What’s it like trying to survive in such harsh environments? 2 Now try to imagine a place that has never seen the sun’s rays. This is a place where there is nothing but darkness all day, all year round. What sort of creature could live there? Would it look like anything you’ve ever seen before? In this book we’ll visit some of Earth’s most extreme climates. We’ll see why these climates are so difficult to live in, and we’ll also check out some of the amazing creatures that call these places their homes. So grab a heavy coat, some sunscreen, an umbrella, and a big water bottle—we need to be ready for anything! 3 Chapter 1 The Coolest Places on Earth Got your parka zipped up and your gloves on? Good, because the first stop on our extreme climate tour will be one of the coldest places in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera Recorded for Imperial County California Compiled by Jeffrey Caldwell [email protected] 1-925-949-8696 Note
    Lepidoptera Recorded for Imperial County California Compiled by Jeffrey Caldwell [email protected] 1-925-949-8696 Note: BMNA = Butterflies and Moths of North America web site MPG = Moth Photographers Group web site Most are from the Essig Museum’s California Moth Specimens Database web site Arctiidae. Tiger and Lichen Moths. Apantesis proxima (Notarctia proxima). Mexican Tiger Moth. 8181 [BMNA] Ectypia clio (clio). Clio Tiger Moth. 8249 Estigmene acrea (acrea). Salt Marsh Moth. 8131 Euchaetes zella. 8232 Autostichidae (Deoclonidae). Oegoconia novimundi. Four-spotted Yellowneck Moth. 1134 (Oegoconia quadripuncta mis-applied) Bucculatricidae. Ribbed Cocoon-maker Moths. Bucculatrix enceliae. Brittlebrush Moth. 0546 Cossidae. Goat Moths, Carpenterworm Moths, and Leopard Moths. Comadia henrici. 2679 Givira mucida. 2660 Hypopta palmata. 2656 Prionoxystus robiniae (mixtus). Carpenterworm or Locust Borer. 2693 Depressariidae. Pseudethmia protuberans. 1008 [MPG] Ethmiidae. Now assigned to Depressariidae. Ethmiinae. Ethmia timberlakei. 0984 Pseudethmia protuberans. 1008 Gelechiidae. Twirler Moths. Aristotelia adceanotha. 1726 [Sighting 1019513 BMNA] Chionodes abdominella. 2054 Chionodes dentella. 2071 Chionodes fructuaria. 2078 Chionodes kincaidella. 2086 (reared from Atriplex acanthocarpa in Texas) Chionodes oecus. 2086.2 Chionodes sistrella. 2116 Chionodes xanthophilella. 2125 Faculta inaequalis. Palo Verde Webworm. 2206 Friseria cockerelli. Mesquite Webworm. 1916 Gelechia desiliens. 1938 Isophrictis sabulella. 1701 Keiferia lycopersicella. Tomato Pinworm. 2047 Pectinophora gossypiella. Pink Bollworm. 2261 Prolita puertella. 1895 Prolita veledae. 1903 Geometridae. Inchworm Moths, Loopers, Geometers, or Measuring Worms. Archirhoe neomexicana. 7295 Chesiadodes coniferaria. 6535 Chlorochlamys appellaria. 7073 Cyclophora nanaria. Dwarf Tawny Wave. W 7140 Dichorda illustraria. 7055 Dichordophora phoenix. Phoenix Emerald. 7057 Digrammia colorata. Creosote Moth. 6381 Digrammia irrorata (rubricata). 6395 Digrammia pictipennata. 6372 Digrammia puertata.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of ENSO in the Atacama Desert and Australian Arid Zone: Exploratory Time-Series Analysis of Archaeological Records
    Chungara, Revista de Antropología Chilena ISSN: 0716-1182 [email protected] Universidad de Tarapacá Chile Williams, Alan; Santoro, Calogero M.; Smith, Michael A.; Latorre, Claudio The impact of ENSO in the Atacama desert and Australian arid zone: exploratory time-series analysis of archaeological records Chungara, Revista de Antropología Chilena, vol. 40, 2008, pp. 245-259 Universidad de Tarapacá Arica, Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32609903 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative The impact of ENSO in the Atacama Desert and Australian arid zone:Volumen Exploratory 40 Número time-series Especial, analysis… 2008. Páginas 245-259245 Chungara, Revista de Antropología Chilena THE IMPACT OF ENSO IN THE ATACAMA DESERT AND AUSTRALIAN ARID ZONE: EXPLORATORY TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDS1 EL IMPACTO DE ENSO EN EL DESIERTO DE ATACAMA Y LA ZONA ÁRIDA DE AUSTRALIA: ANÁLISIS EXPLORATORIOS DE SERIES TEMPORALES ARQUEOLÓGICAS Alan Williams2, Calogero M. Santoro3, Michael A. Smith4, and Claudio Latorre5 A comparison of archaeological data in the Atacama Desert and Australian arid zone shows the impact of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) over the last 5,000 years. Using a dataset of > 1400 radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites across the two regions as a proxy for population change, we develop radiocarbon density plots, which are then used to explore the responses of these prehistoric populations to ENSO climatic variability.
    [Show full text]
  • (Asteraceae): a Relict Genus of Cichorieae?
    Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid Vol. 65(2): 367-381 julio-diciembre 2008 ISSN: 0211-1322 Warionia (Asteraceae): a relict genus of Cichorieae? by Liliana Katinas1, María Cristina Tellería2, Alfonso Susanna3 & Santiago Ortiz4 1 División Plantas Vasculares, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] 2 Laboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] 3 Instituto Botánico de Barcelona, Pg. del Migdia s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain. [email protected] 4 Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. [email protected] Abstract Resumen Katinas, L., Tellería, M.C., Susanna, A. & Ortiz, S. 2008. Warionia Katinas, L., Tellería, M.C., Susanna, A. & Ortiz, S. 2008. Warionia (Asteraceae): a relict genus of Cichorieae? Anales Jard. Bot. Ma- (Asteraceae): un género relicto de Cichorieae? Anales Jard. Bot. drid 65(2): 367-381. Madrid 65(2): 367-381 (en inglés). The genus Warionia, with its only species W. saharae, is endemic to El género Warionia, y su única especie, W. saharae, es endémico the northwestern edge of the African Sahara desert. This is a some- del noroeste del desierto africano del Sahara. Es una planta seme- what thistle-like aromatic plant, with white latex, and fleshy, pin- jante a un cardo, aromática, con látex blanco y hojas carnosas, nately-partite leaves. Warionia is in many respects so different from pinnatipartidas. Warionia es tan diferente de otros géneros de any other genus of Asteraceae, that it has been tentatively placed Asteraceae que fue ubicada en las tribus Cardueae, Cichorieae, in the tribes Cardueae, Cichorieae, Gundelieae, and Mutisieae.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Lag Times and Recent Origin of the Biota of an Ancient Desert (Atacama–Sechura)
    Evolutionary lag times and recent origin of the biota of an ancient desert (Atacama–Sechura) Pablo C. Guerreroa,1, Marcelo Rosasb, Mary T. K. Arroyoa,1, and John J. Wiensc,1 aInstitute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, 780-0024 Santiago, Chile; bBanco Nacional de Semillas, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, 1760000 Vicuña, Chile; and cDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0088 Contributed by Mary Arroyo, May 10, 2013 (sent for review September 26, 2012) The assembly of regional biotas and organismal responses to extends for >3,500kmfrom5°SnearthePeruvian–Ecuadorean anthropogenic climate change both depend on the capacity of border to 30°S in northern Chile (15). In the Atacama region, arid organisms to adapt to novel ecological conditions. Here we dem- climates (precipitation of ≤50 mm/y) extend from coastal regions onstrate the concept of evolutionary lag time, the time between from5°Sto30°Supto5,000m(8).Hyperaridclimates(≤5 mm/y) when a climatic regime or habitat develops in a region and when it extend from 13°S to 25°S, from coastal areas to 3,000 m (8, 16). is colonized by a given clade. We analyzed the time of colonization The onset of semiarid conditions (≤250 mm/y) in the Atacama– of four clades (three plant genera and one lizard genus) into the Sechura region can be traced back to the late Jurassic (17), Atacama–Sechura Desert of South America, one of Earth’s driest 150 million years ago. Arid conditions (<50 mm/y) have prevailed and oldest deserts.
    [Show full text]
  • Long Term Atmospheric Deposition As the Source of Nitrate and Other Salts in the Atacama Desert, Chile
    Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 68, No. 20, pp. 4023-4038, 2004 Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ltd Pergamon Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0016-7037/04 $30.00 ϩ .00 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.009 Long term atmospheric deposition as the source of nitrate and other salts in the Atacama Desert, Chile: New evidence from mass-independent oxygen isotopic compositions 1, 2 1 GREG MICHALSKI, *J.K.BÖHLKE and MARK THIEMENS 1Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356, USA 2United States Geological Survey, 431 National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA (Received August 19, 2003; accepted in revised form April 7, 2004) Abstract—Isotopic analysis of nitrate and sulfate minerals from the nitrate ore fields of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile has shown anomalous 17O enrichments in both minerals. ⌬17O values of 14–21 ‰ in nitrate and0.4to4‰insulfate are the most positive found in terrestrial minerals to date. Modeling of atmospheric processes indicates that the ⌬17O signatures are the result of photochemical reactions in the troposphere and stratosphere. We conclude that the bulk of the nitrate, sulfate and other soluble salts in some parts of the Atacama Desert must be the result of atmospheric deposition of particles produced by gas to particle conversion, with minor but varying amounts from sea spray and local terrestrial sources. Flux calculations indicate that the major salt deposits could have accumulated from atmospheric deposition in a period of 200,000 to 2.0 M years during hyper-arid conditions similar to those currently found in the Atacama Desert.
    [Show full text]
  • Solanales Nymphaeales Austrobaileyales
    Amborellales Solanales Nymphaeales Austrobaileyales Acorales G Eenzaadlobbigen G Alismatales Solanales Petrosaviales Pandanales Van de Lamiiden (Garryales, Ge Dioscoreales Lamiales) is op basis van molecu Liliales morfologische kenmerken zeke Asparagales afstammelingen van één voorou Arecales Solanales is dat nog niet zeker, G Commeliniden G Dasypogonales verwantschappen tussen de fam Poales Commelinales In de samenstelling van de Sola Zingiberales ander veranderd. De Watergent (Menyanthaceae) is verplaatst n Ceratophyllales Vlambloemfamilie (Polemoniace Chloranthales de Bosliefjesfamilie (Hydrophyll Ruwbladigenfamilie (Boraginac Canellales Piperales de Montiniaceae uit de Ribesfam G Magnoliiden G Magnoliales Saxifragales), de Hydroleaceae u Laurales (was Boraginaceae), en de Sphe Ranunculales Klokjesfamilie (Campanulaceae, Sabiales Solanales hebben meestal versp Proteales bladeren zonder steunblaadjes. Trochodendrales Buxales regelmatig, met een vergroeidb en evenveel meeldraden als kro Gunnerales op de vrucht zitten. Iridoiden ko Berberidopsidales Dilleniales voor, maar wel allerlei alkaloide Caryophyllales Santalales Solanales Saxifragales Lamiids (Garryales, Gentianales, Sol G Geavanceerde tweezaadlobbigen G Vitales supposed to be monophyletic becau Crossosomatales anatomical, and morphological cha Geraniales of the order Solanales, and relation Myrtales are not yet clear. However, some ch in the composition of this order. Me Zygophyllales Celastrales moved to Asterales, Polemoniaceae Malpighiales Hydrophyllaceae to Boraginaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • A Molecular Phylogeny of the Solanaceae
    TAXON 57 (4) • November 2008: 1159–1181 Olmstead & al. • Molecular phylogeny of Solanaceae MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae Richard G. Olmstead1*, Lynn Bohs2, Hala Abdel Migid1,3, Eugenio Santiago-Valentin1,4, Vicente F. Garcia1,5 & Sarah M. Collier1,6 1 Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A. *olmstead@ u.washington.edu (author for correspondence) 2 Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A. 3 Present address: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt 4 Present address: Jardin Botanico de Puerto Rico, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Apartado Postal 364984, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico 5 Present address: Department of Integrative Biology, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A. 6 Present address: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A. A phylogeny of Solanaceae is presented based on the chloroplast DNA regions ndhF and trnLF. With 89 genera and 190 species included, this represents a nearly comprehensive genus-level sampling and provides a framework phylogeny for the entire family that helps integrate many previously-published phylogenetic studies within So- lanaceae. The four genera comprising the family Goetzeaceae and the monotypic families Duckeodendraceae, Nolanaceae, and Sclerophylaceae, often recognized in traditional classifications, are shown to be included in Solanaceae. The current results corroborate previous studies that identify a monophyletic subfamily Solanoideae and the more inclusive “x = 12” clade, which includes Nicotiana and the Australian tribe Anthocercideae. These results also provide greater resolution among lineages within Solanoideae, confirming Jaltomata as sister to Solanum and identifying a clade comprised primarily of tribes Capsiceae (Capsicum and Lycianthes) and Physaleae.
    [Show full text]
  • Potato Progress Research & Extension for the Potato Industry of Idaho, Oregon, & Washington Andrew Jensen, Editor
    Potato Progress Research & Extension for the Potato Industry of Idaho, Oregon, & Washington Andrew Jensen, Editor. [email protected]; 509-760-4859 www.nwpotatoresearch.com Volume XVII, Number 16 20 November 2017 Potato psyllid and the South American desert plant Nolana: an unlikely psyllid host? David R. Horton, Eugene Miliczky, Jenita Thinakaran, W. Rodney Cooper, Joseph E. Munyaneza USDA-ARS Carrie H. Wohleb, Timothy D. Waters Washington State University Alexander V. Karasev University of Idaho Figure 1 . Carpet of blue Nolana flowers located in the natural home of this plant genus (coastal Chilean desert). Photograph taken by Gerhard Hüdepohl and used by permission (http://www.atacamaphoto.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/atacama-desert-in-bloom/paposo- flower-cactus.jpg). Volume 17, Number 16 Potato Progress Managing potato psyllid and zebra chip disease is complicated by the psyllid’s ability to reproduce and develop on a large number of plant species. Most species of psyllids are limited to development on a few species of plants within a single genus or family. Potato psyllid is unusual in being able to develop on multiple species in multiple genera across two families of plants (Solanaceae: potato and relatives; Convolvulaceae: bindweeds and morning glories). This flexibility complicates efforts to manage potato psyllid, as it allows psyllids to build-up on plant sources outside of the actual crop. Indeed, we now have evidence that non-crop hosts contribute to residency of potato psyllid in regions that may otherwise not allow year-round presence. More worrisome, some non-crop species that support the psyllid are also hosts for the bacterium that causes zebra chip disease.
    [Show full text]