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Air Breathing Propulsion.Pdf AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) AIR BREATHING PROPULSION (R18A2109) COURSE FILE II B. Tech II Semester (2019-2020) Prepared By Prof Vedantam Ravi Department of Aeronautical Engineering MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India) Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad, Approved by AICTE - Accredited by NBA & NAAC – ‘A’ Grade - ISO 9001:2015 Certified) Maisammaguda, Dhulapally (Post Via. Kompally), Secunderabad – 500100, Telangana State, India. 1 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) MRCET VISION To become a model institution in the fields of Engineering, Technology and Management. To have a perfect synchronization of the ideologies of MRCET with challenging demands of International Pioneering Organizations. MRCET MISSION To establish a pedestal for the integral innovation, team spirit, originality and competence in the students, expose them to face the global challenges and become pioneers of Indian vision of modern society. MRCET QUALITY POLICY To pursue continual improvement of teaching learning process of Undergraduate and Post Graduate programs in Engineering & Management vigorously. To provide state of art infrastructure and expertise to impart the quality education. 1 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) PROGRAM OUTCOMES Engineering Graduates will be able to: 1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems. 2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences. 3. Design / development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations. 4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions. 5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations. 6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice. 7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development. 8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice. 9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings. 10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions. 11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding ofthe engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multi disciplinary environments. 12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change. 2 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING VISION Department of Aeronautical Engineering aims to be indispensable source in Aeronautical Engineering which has a zeal to provide the value driven platform for the students to acquire knowledge and empower themselves to shoulder higher responsibility in building a strong nation. MISSION The primary mission of the department is to promote engineering education and research. To strive consistently to provide quality education, keeping in pace with time and technology. Department passions to integrate the intellectual, spiritual, ethical and social development of the students for shaping them into dynamic engineers. QUALITY POLICY STATEMENT Impart up-to-date knowledge to the students in Aeronautical area to make them quality engineers. Make the students experience the applications on quality equipment and tools. Provide systems, resources and training opportunities to achieve continuous improvement. Maintain global standards in education, training and services. 3 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) MALLAREDDYCOLLEGEOFENGINEERING&TECHNOLOGY II Year B.Tech, ANE-II Semester L- T/P/D-C 3 1/-/-3 R18A2109 - AIR BREATHING PROPULSION Objective: Students can focus on various propulsion systems available in aerospace industry and also understand the future scenario. Understandtheperformanceaspectsatthedesignpointandoffdesignoperations. To provide an exposure with reference to numerical calculations and design limitations. UNIT I: FUNDAMENTALS OF PROPULSION Aircraft Engine components- performance requirements, thermodynamic processes- change of state- representation by T-s and p-v diagrams-pressure ratios, temperature ratios. Energy transfer, losses–entropy generation-mechanisms. Performance-polytropic, stage and component efficiencies, burning efficiency Station numbering in engine, thrust generation, momentum equations, equation of thrust for installed and uninstalled cases, factors affecting thrust, Role of propulsion in aircraft performance. UNIT II ANATOMY OF JET ENGINE-I INLETS: Locations, Types of inlets, operating principle, functions, geometry, operating conditions, flow field, capture area, sizing, flow distortion, drag, and diffuser losses and methods of mitigation, performance. NOZZLE: Exhaust nozzles-primary nozzle, fan nozzle- (governing equations of flow-choking, engine back pressure control, nozzle-area ratio), thrust reversal, vectoring mechanisms. Afterburner functions and its components, design requirements and parameters. Gross thrust coefficient, discharge coefficient, velocity coefficient, angularity coefficient, Numericals on nozzles. 4 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) UNIT III ANATOMY OF JET ENGINE-II COMPRESSOR & TURBINE: Types, construction, stage, cascade, blade geometry, velocity triangles. Euler equation, types of flow analysis, diffusion factor, stage loading, Variable stator, Numericals on turbo machinery. Axial flow turbines-similarities and differences with compressors, Velocity diagram analysis, no exit swirl condition, flow losses, tangential stresses, repeating stages. Typical turbine blade profiles, turbine performance maps, Thermal limits of blades, cooling, materials, multistage, multi-spooled turbines. UNIT IV ANATOMY OF JET ENGINE-III BURNER: Burners- types, components- function, schematic diagram, airflow distribution, cooling- types, cooling effectiveness, performance parameters, (combustion efficiency, overall total pressure loss, exit temperature profile, ignition relight envelope), effect of combustor design, Fuel injection, atomisation, vaporisation, recirculation- flame stabilisation, flame holders. Afterburners, function, components, fuels- composition. UNIT V: DESIGN OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE Aircraft Mission Analysis, Engine Selection-Performance and Parametric Analysis, Sizing the Engine, Major Considerations in Engine Component Design SYSTEM MATCHING AND ANALYSIS Matching of Gas Turbine Components, Cycle Analysis of one and two spool engines, Gas Generator, Component Modeling, Matching of Engine and Aircraft. Text Books: 1. Mattingly, J.D., Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion, McGraw-Hill, 1996, ISBN0-07- 912196-9. 2. Flack, R.D., Fundamentals of Jet Propulsion with applications, Cambridge University Press, 2005,ISBN0-521-81983-0. 5 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) References: 1. Cohen, Henry, Rogers, G. F. C., Saravanamuttoo, H.H., Gas Turbine Theory, 2. V. Ganesan, GasTurbines, TataMcGraw-Hill,1999, Outcomes: Students attain knowledge of all propulsion systems in use and under development. Students will be able to configure the engine required for specific need. Students understand design requirements of engine and aircraft. 1 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING_MRCET (AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION) Code No: R17A2106 R17 MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India) II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May 2019 Air Breathing Propulsion (AE) Roll No Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Note: This question paper Consists of 5 Sections. Answer FIVE Questions, Choosing ONE Question from each SECTION and each Question carries 14 marks. *** SECTION-I 1 (a) Define thrust of an engine and derive the thrust equation for a general [7M] propulsion system. (b) Discuss the different methods of thrust augmentation diagram for turbojet engine with thrust augmentation. [7M] OR 2 Explain the turbojet engine operation, advantages and disadvantages with a neat [14M] sketch. SECTION-II
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