Magnetic Fusion Technology 1St Edition Pdf Free Download

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Magnetic Fusion Technology 1St Edition Pdf Free Download MAGNETIC FUSION TECHNOLOGY 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Thomas J Dolan | 9781447169277 | | | | | Magnetic Fusion Technology 1st edition PDF Book Design concept of LHD However, due to transit disruptions in some geographies, deliveries may be delayed. Connect with:. Magnetic confinement is one of two major branches of fusion energy research , along with inertial confinement fusion. GA's applied computer science programs are aimed at improving data acquisition, management, analysis, visualization, and collaboration for scientific research at large scales. Boundary physics Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal. Injecting frozen pellets of deuterium into the fuel mixture can cause enough turbulence to disrupt the islands. Mathematical models can determine the likelihood of a rogue wave and to calculate the exact angle of a counter-wave to cancel it out. Transport V. The next chapters deal with the principles, configuration, and application of high-beta stellarator, fast-linear-compression fusion systems, and ELMO Bumpy torus, as well as the magnetic confinement of high-temperature plasmas. Conclusions and perspectives Power exhaust 5. The mega amp spherical tokamak Equilibrium and Stability IV. This would require the pinch current to be reduced and the external stabilizing magnets to be made much stronger. Stellarators have seen renewed interest since the turn of the millennium as they avoid several problems subsequently found in the tokamak. Thermonuclear weapon Pure fusion weapon. Summary and conclusion Summary Part Four. First built in the UK in , and followed by a series of increasingly large and powerful machines in the UK and US, all early machines proved subject to powerful instabilities in the plasma. Introduction Around the sphere, an array of pistons drive a pressure wave into the centre of the sphere, compressing the plasma to fusion conditions. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. A large transformer wrapping the container was used to induce a current in the plasma inside. Magnetic Fusion Technology 1st edition Writer NSTX-Upgrade Introduction 5. Existing machines were having other problems and it was not obvious whether this was occurring. Navy aircraft carriers. This process is then repeated, while the heat from the reaction is captured in the liquid metal and used to generate electricity via a steam turbine. This book will be of great value to physicists, physics students, and researchers. Buy Hardcover. This current creates a magnetic field that squeezes the plasma into a thin ring, thus "pinching" it. This part is composed of nine chapters and begins with a description of the heating methods, equilibrium, and stability of linear magnetic fusion systems. When fuel is injected into a fusion reactor, powerful "rogue" waves might be created that can cause it to escape confinement. The physics goals of Wendelstein 7-X Easily read eBooks on smart phones, computers, or any eBook readers, including Kindle. GA's Theory and Computational Science program advances the fundamental theoretical understanding of fusion plasmas through development and application of innovative theoretical approaches to challenging physics issues as well as industry-leading computer simulations. Pedestal and H-mode physics 5. Key technological elements of magnetic fusion energy power plants and future fusion power plants Newer models have been built, but these remain about two generations behind the latest tokamak designs. Thank you for posting a review! If this happens, a process known as " sputtering ", high-mass particles from the container often steel and other metals are mixed into the fusion fuel, lowering its temperature. FAQ Policy. Implications and future directions for high-field tokamak research Part Three. The key components of a Magnetized Target Fusion power plant are the plasma injectors, pistons and liquid metal vortex. In , Edward Teller gave a talk in which he outlined a theoretical problem that suggested the plasma would also quickly escape sideways through the confinement fields. There is increased optimism that the plasma pressure above which the plasma disassembles can now be made large enough to sustain a fusion reaction rate acceptable for a power plant. Since then the majority of effort in magnetic confinement has been based on the tokamak principle. Thanks in advance for your time. Much of this progress has been achieved with a particular emphasis on the tokamak. MHD modes and disruptions 5. Liquid Metal Wall. Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal. GA is fabricating the Central Solenoid for the international ITER project, an unprecedented scientific partnership that aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion power as a clean-energy resource on a global scale. Stellarator fusion power plants It seems that you're in Germany. Other availability. The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor 6. Several baseball series machines were tested and showed much-improved performance. Show all. Background and objectives of Tore Supra 9. Magnetic Fusion Technology 1st edition Reviews Main article: Magnetic mirror. Magnetic islands are anomalies where magnetic field lines separate from the rest of the field and form a tube, allowing fuel to escape. This would require the pinch current to be reduced and the external stabilizing magnets to be made much stronger. Equilibrium and Stability IV. Around the sphere, an array of pistons drive a pressure wave into the centre of the sphere, compressing the plasma to fusion conditions. Easily read eBooks on smart phones, computers, or any eBook readers, including Kindle. When you read an eBook on VitalSource Bookshelf, enjoy such features as: Access online or offline, on mobile or desktop devices Bookmarks, highlights and notes sync across all your devices Smart study tools such as note sharing and subscription, review mode, and Microsoft OneNote integration Search and navigate content across your entire Bookshelf library Interactive notebook and read-aloud functionality Look up additional information online by highlighting a word or phrase. This was essentially a spheromak with an inserted central rod. This section needs expansion. Future contributions to closing gaps for fusion reactor Published Date: 28th January We value your input. Project mission The upgrade to MAST Energetic particles ICRF technology and physics If this happens, a process known as " sputtering ", high-mass particles from the container often steel and other metals are mixed into the fusion fuel, lowering its temperature. Developing a suitable arrangement of fields that contain the fuel without excessive turbulence or leaking is the primary challenge of this technology. However, due to transit disruptions in some geographies, deliveries may be delayed. Macroscopic stability Prospects for fusion power plant from the LHD Engineering for a fusion reactor 8. Editor: Edward Teller. By the mids it appeared the stellarator approach was a dead end. Magnetic Fusion Technology 1st edition Read Online General Fusion power plants will also be modular, allowing multiple units to be deployed to power large cities or heavy industry. Fuelling systems for power plants TFTR operational regimes: requirements, characteristics and limitations 6. Pedestal and edge barrier regimes Experiments: scientific foundations for ITER 5. Transport V. Flexible - Read on multiple operating systems and devices. TFTR design and capabilities 6. The MAST device The physics goals of Wendelstein 7-X Introduction 4. All of these devices have faced considerable problems being scaled up and in their approach toward the Lawson criterion. It was known that nuclei would escape through this area, but by adding and heating fuel continually it was felt this could be overcome. Cited by: 4 works. Connect with:. Introduction 8. A major area of research in the early years of fusion energy research was the magnetic mirror. Main article: Magnetic mirror. View on ScienceDirect. Moir received his B. It seems that you're in Germany. This arrangement generated a field that extended only part way into the plasma, which proved to have the significant advantage of adding "shear", which suppressed turbulence in the plasma. Main article: Tokamak. https://files8.webydo.com/9583471/UploadedFiles/F0C52C51-10CA-130E-CD72-4318FFB013FB.pdf https://files8.webydo.com/9582805/UploadedFiles/891FE4CE-67E9-9FD1-C48C-6586D4A250BD.pdf https://files8.webydo.com/9582782/UploadedFiles/F066338A-1496-DBD3-3CBA-C4A14FE44749.pdf https://cdn.starwebserver.se/shops/aaronhermanssoniv/files/early-education-curriculum-6th-edition-938.pdf https://files8.webydo.com/9583081/UploadedFiles/955C7194-BADD-F1E6-3AA5-830A6FC02E8D.pdf.
Recommended publications
  • OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY Engineering Physics
    oml ORNL-6868 OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY Engineering Physics LOCK H * M D NJA Jt rim Or" and Mathematics Division ^ Progress Report for Period Ending December 31,1994 R. F. Sincovec, Director MANAGED BY LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. FOR THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY UCI*13673 {36 W5) This report has been reproduced directly from the ilabie copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Scientific and Techni- cal Information, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37> s available from (615) 576-8401, FTS 626-8401. Available to the public from the National Teci rmation Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd.,; d, VA 22161. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, com• pleteness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process dis• closed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily consti• tute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. ORNL-6868 Engineering Physics and Mathematics Division ENGINEERING PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS DIVISION PROGRESS REPORT FOR PERIOD ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1994 R.
    [Show full text]
  • Article Thermonuclear Bomb 5 7 12
    1 Inexpensive Mini Thermonuclear Reactor By Alexander Bolonkin [email protected] New York, April 2012 2 Article Thermonuclear Reactor 1 26 13 Inexpensive Mini Thermonuclear Reactor By Alexander Bolonkin C&R Co., [email protected] Abstract This proposed design for a mini thermonuclear reactor uses a method based upon a series of important innovations. A cumulative explosion presses a capsule with nuclear fuel up to 100 thousands of atmospheres, the explosive electric generator heats the capsule/pellet up to 100 million degrees and a special capsule and a special cover which keeps these pressure and temperature in capsule up to 0.001 sec. which is sufficient for Lawson criteria for ignition of thermonuclear fuel. Major advantages of these reactors/bombs is its very low cost, dimension, weight and easy production, which does not require a complex industry. The mini thermonuclear bomb can be delivered as a shell by conventional gun (from 155 mm), small civil aircraft, boat or even by an individual. The same method may be used for thermonuclear engine for electric energy plants, ships, aircrafts, tracks and rockets. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Key words: Thermonuclear mini bomb, thermonuclear reactor, nuclear energy, nuclear engine, nuclear space propulsion. Introduction It is common knowledge that thermonuclear bombs are extremely powerful but very expensive and difficult to produce as it requires a conventional nuclear bomb for ignition. In stark contrast, the Mini Thermonuclear Bomb is very inexpensive. Moreover, in contrast to conventional dangerous radioactive or neutron bombs which generates enormous power, the Mini Thermonuclear Bomb does not have gamma or neutron radiation which, in effect, makes it a ―clean‖ bomb having only the flash and shock wave of a conventional explosive but much more powerful (from 1 ton of TNT and more, for example 100 tons).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Looking Back at Half a Century of Fusion Research Association Euratom-CEA, Centre De
    Looking Back at Half a Century of Fusion Research P. STOTT Association Euratom-CEA, Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France. This article gives a short overview of the origins of nuclear fusion and of its development as a potential source of terrestrial energy. 1 Introduction A hundred years ago, at the dawn of the twentieth century, physicists did not understand the source of the Sun‘s energy. Although classical physics had made major advances during the nineteenth century and many people thought that there was little of the physical sciences left to be discovered, they could not explain how the Sun could continue to radiate energy, apparently indefinitely. The law of energy conservation required that there must be an internal energy source equal to that radiated from the Sun‘s surface but the only substantial sources of energy known at that time were wood or coal. The mass of the Sun and the rate at which it radiated energy were known and it was easy to show that if the Sun had started off as a solid lump of coal it would have burnt out in a few thousand years. It was clear that this was much too shortœœthe Sun had to be older than the Earth and, although there was much controversy about the age of the Earth, it was clear that it had to be older than a few thousand years. The realization that the source of energy in the Sun and stars is due to nuclear fusion followed three main steps in the development of science.
    [Show full text]
  • Starpower: the US and the International Quest for Fusion Energy
    Appendix B Other Approaches to Fusion The main body of this report has discussed magnetic The issues addressed by inertial confinement fusion confinement fusion, the approach to controlled fusion research in the United States concern the individual that the worldwide programs emphasize most heav- targets containing the fusion fuel; the input energy ily. However, two other approaches to fusion are also sources, called drivers, that heat and compress these being investigated. All three approaches are based on targets; and the mechanism by which energy from the the same fundamental physical process, in which the driver is delivered–or coupled–into the target. Due nuclei of light isotopes, typically deuterium and tri- to the close relationship between inertial confinement tium, release energy by fusing together to form heav- fusion target design and thermonuclear weapon de- ier isotopes. Some of the technical issues are similar sign, inertial confinement fusion research is funded among all the fusion approaches, such as mechanisms by the nuclear weapons activities portion of the De- for recovering energy and breeding tritium fuel. How- partment of Energy’s (DOE’s) budget. Inertial confine- ever, compared to magnetic confinement, the two ap- ment research is conducted largely at nuclear weap- proaches discussed below create the conditions nec- ons laboratories; its near-term goals are dedicated essary for fusion to occur in very different ways, and largely to military, rather than energy applications, and some substantially different science and technology a substantial portion of this research is classified. issues emerge in each case. There are two near-term military applications of in- ertial confinement fusion—one actual and one not yet Inertial Confinement Fusion1 realized.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Distant Nuclear Fusion 1. Introduction 2. ITER
    Distant Nuclear Fusion By John Benson January 2021 1. Introduction When we look up at night and view the stars, everything we see is shining because of distant nuclear fusion. — Carl Sagan, Cosmos (1980, p. 238) I have been posting papers to Energy Central since 2017, and weekly posts since 2018. During this time, I have occasionally come across a subject and considered writing a post on it. The reason I haven’t is because, even though it is an advanced technology for producing energy, it will not produce any usable electric power for decades. There are currently two experiments that are designed to reach “break-even” fusion within the next several years, but this means that the experiment will inject as much energy into the inner, or core process as comes out in the form of high energy neutrons. Forget any energy-conversion efficiencies outside of the core – no electric energy will come out of these initial facilities in spite of huge amounts going in. One of these two projects, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is in Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France. The other, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is here in my home town of Livermore, California. ITER is scheduled to turn on in 2025, and reach full power by 2035. NEF has been running for over a decade. ITER cost $25 billion. The cost of NIF is a bit difficult to parse. The official cost is $3.5 billion, but there were several earlier experiments that led up to NIF, and NIF has been expanded and modified since it was commissioned in 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Simulation of a High Speed Counting System for Sic Neutron
    Transactions of the Korean Nuclear Society Spring Meeting Jeju, Korea, May 17-18, 2018 Analysis of Technical Issues for Development of Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactor (FFHR) Doo-Hee Chang Nuclear Fusion Technology Development Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Korea *Corresponding author: [email protected] 1. Introduction • ~100 tokamaks in the worldwide since 1957 • Physics performance parameters achieved at or near The nuclear fission reactors remain public concerns lower limit of reactor relevance about the safety, waste and decommissioning • Large, world‐wide physics and technology (afterwards) that they produce. The most optimistic programs supporting ITER (initial operation in assessment predicts that fusion technology will not be 2025, but possible delay again) able to produce electricity on a commercial scale for at • ITER will achieve reactor‐relevant physics and least another four decades. There is a third nuclear technology parameters simultaneously, produce option led to a resurgence of interest, which combines 500 MWth and investigate very long‐pulse the aspects of fission and fusion technologies in the operation form of the fusion-fission hybrid reactor (FFHR) [1]. An (b) Many other confinement concepts (e.g. mirror, FFHR is a fusion reactor surrounded by a fission bumpy torus) have fallen by the wayside or remain blanket, containing the thorium, uranium, and on the backburner transuranic (TRU) elements, to increase output power, (c) A few other confinement concepts (e.g. stellarator, to breed
    [Show full text]
  • R:\TEMP\Bobbi\RDD-8 3-16-04 Reprint.Wpd
    OFFICIAL USE ONLY RESTRICTED DATA DECLASSIFICATION DECISIONS 1946 TO THE PRESENT (RDD-8) January 1, 2002 U.S. Department of Energy Office of Health, Safety and Security Office of Classification Contains information which may be exempt from public release under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552), exemption number(s) 2. Approval by the Department of Energy prior to public release is required. Reviewed by: Richard J. Lyons Date: 3/20/2002 NOTICE This document provides historical perspective on the sequence of declassification actions performed by the Department of Energy and its predecessor agencies. It is meant to convey the amount and types of information declassified over the years. Although the language of the original declassification authorities is cited verbatim as much as possible to preserve the historical intent of the declassification, THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT TO BE USED AS THE BASIS FOR DECLASSIFYING DOCUMENTS AND MATERIALS without specific authorization from the Director, Information Classification and Control Policy. Classification guides designed for that specific purpose must be used. OFFICIAL USE ONLY OFFICIAL USE ONLY This page intentionally left blank OFFICIAL USE ONLY OFFICIAL USE ONLY FOREWORD This document supersedes Restricted Data Declassification Decisions - 1946 To The Present (RDD-7), January 1, 2001. This is the eighth edition of a document first published in June 1994. This latest edition includes editorial corrections to RDD-7, all declassification actions that have been made since the January 1, 2001, publication date of RDD-7 and any additional declassification actions which were subsequently discovered or confirmed. Note that the terms “declassification” or “declassification action,” as used in this document, refer to changes in classification policy which result in a specific fact or concept that was classified in the past being now unclassified.
    [Show full text]
  • Dangerous Thermonuclear Quest: the Potential of Explosive Fusion Research for the Development of Pure Fusion Weapons
    Dangerous Thermonuclear Quest: The Potential of Explosive Fusion Research for the Development of Pure Fusion Weapons Arjun Makhijani, Ph.D. Hisham Zerriffi July 1998 Minor editing revisions made in 2003. Table of Contents Preface i Summary and Recommendations v Summary of Findings vi Recommendations vii Chapter 1: Varieties of Nuclear Weapons 1 A. Historical Background 1 B. Converting Matter into Energy 4 C. Fission energy 5 D. Fusion energy 8 E. Fission-fusion weapons 16 Chapter 2: Inertial Confinement Fusion Basics 19 A. Deposition of driver energy 24 B. Driver requirements 25 C. Fuel pellet compression 27 D. Thermonuclear ignition 29 Chapter 3: Various ECF Schemes 31 A. Laser Drivers 32 B. Ion Beam Drivers 34 1. Heavy Ion Beams 35 a. Induction Accelerators 36 b. Radio-Frequency Accelerators 36 2. Light Ion Beams 37 C. Z-pinch 39 D. Chemical Explosives 40 E. Advanced materials manufacturing 42 1. Nanotechnology 42 2. Metallic Hydrogen 45 Chapter 4: The Prospects for Pure Fusion Weapons 47 A. Requirements for pure fusion weapons 47 B. Overall assessment of non-fission-triggered nuclear weapons 48 1. Ignition 48 2. Drivers 53 C. Overall technical prognosis for non-fission triggered nuclear weapons 54 D. Fusion power and fusion weapons - comparative requirements 56 Chapter 5: Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Issues Related to Explosive Confinement Fusion 59 A. The Science Based Stockpile Stewardship Program 62 1. Reliability 62 a. Reliability definition 63 b. Future reliability problems 64 c. Relevance of NIF to reliability of the current stockpile 65 2. The US laser fusion program as a weapons development program 65 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Experimental Study of Equilibrium in a Bumpy Torus
    x - .2. v 7 .d>. oml 0RNL/TM-9520 Experimental Study of Equilibrium in a Bumpy Torus S. Hiroe J. A. Cobble R. J. Colchin G. L. Chen K. A. Connor J. R. Goyer L. Solensten 5; ',•-•• i ' i P DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNUIftTTEB ORNL/TM—9520 DE86 014415 Pist. cH^W^O f,g Fusion Energy Division Experimental Study of Equilibrium in a Bumpy Torus S. Hiroe J. A. Cobble R. J. Colchin G. L. Chen Fusion Energy Division K. A. Connor, J. R. Goyer, L. Solensten Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, New York Date of Issue: June 1986 Prepared by the OAK RIDGE NATIONAL I-ABORAI OKY Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 operated by <lkT_ MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. for the U. S. DEPARTMENT OF KNKRGY under Contract No. DE-AC05-840R21400 OlSTRlBUT,0«0FTHlSD0CU^T^^ CONTENTS ABSTRACT v I. INTRODUCTION 1 n. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 3 m. DISCUSSION 15 A. Formation of closed potential contours 15 B. Inward displacement of potential contours 22 C. Electrostatic beta limit 26 D. Force balance 28 E. Explanation of potential deformation 33 TV. CONCLUSION 37 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 39 REFERENCES 41 iii ABSTRACT Plasma equilibrium in the ELMO Bumpy Torus (EBT)1 was studied experimentally by measurements of the electrostatic potential structure. Before an electron tail population is formed, the electric field is found, roughly speaking, to be in the vertical direction. The appearance of a high-energy electron tail signals the formation of a negative potential well, and the potential contours start to nest. The potential contours are shifted inward with respect to the center of the conducting wall.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Fusion Energy Plasma Physics (K
    BOOK REVIEWS S',".'"" o book, tor review " based on the editor's 'P'"'""' ",,,d'", possible reader E interest and on the availability of the book to the editor. Occasional selections may include II. L><:5.NB; ns books on topics somewhat peripheral to the subject matter ordinarily considered acceptable. 1111. Controlled Nuclear Fusion - Fundamentals of Its experiments and design studies have evidently so consumed Utilization for Energy Supply the time of experienced workers that there is a great short­ age of rigorous but comprehensible review articles that Authors J. Raeder, K. Borass, R. Bunde, W. should serve as the basis for such a text. Danner, R. Klingelhofer, L. Lengyel, In summary, the book by Raeder et al. should serve as F. Leuterer, M. Soli a useful supplementary text for courses on controlled fusion and a useful enough reference to justify its purchase by Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, researchers and instructors active in the various fields of New Jersey (1986) tokamak research that it covers. Despite the recent publica­ tion of a number of very good efforts, the definitive, self­ Pages 316 (illustrated) contained, introductory text on fusion reactor design and a more widely useful reference work for tokamak researchers Price $100.00 remain to be written. Clifford E. Singer Reviewer Clifford E. Singer received his PhD at the University of California, Berkeley. He has worked on the theory and This book is a translation of Kontrol/ierte Kernfusion, applied physics ofplasma transport in tokamak experiments written in 1980. Despite the delay in translation, the book and reactors at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (and remains a timely summary of many aspects of tokamak the University ofIllinois) since 1977.
    [Show full text]
  • NRDC Comments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and the Issue of Nonproliferation (August 23, 1995 Draft Study)
    NRDC Comments on The National Ignition Facility (NIF) and the Issue of Nonproliferation (August 23, 1995 Draft Study) Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. 1350 New York Avenue, NW, Suite 300 Washington, D.C. 20005 Tel (main): (202) 783-7800 Cochran (direct dial): (202) 624-9329 Fax: (202) 783-5917 INTERNET: [email protected] "The National Ignition Facility (NIF) and the Issue of Nonproliferation" draft study prepared by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation, August 23, 1995 [hereafter "Draft NIF Report"] is inadequate in its treatment of the nonproliferation issues raised by the proposed construction and operation of the NIF facility. Major deficiencies are identified below. 1. The NIF May Fail to Ignite. The Draft NIF Report is written as if there were no unresolved technical issues that could affect whether NIF meets its performance goals. For example, under 'Background," the report states that NIF "is expected to reach the goal of ICF capsule ignition." (p. 3; see also p. 10) However, there are still unresolved issues regarding whether time dependent asymmetries of the energy absorbed by the DT capsules, within the proposed gas-filled hohlraum targets, will be too large to obtain ignition with NIF. 2. The Draft NIF Report fails to explain fully the primary objectives of NIF and the Stockpile Stewardship Program. The "Background" section states that As part of a broader Science-Based Stockpile Stewardship program, a primary interest of the Department of Energy in NIF is to preserve the core intellectual and technical competencies of the U.S. in nuclear weapons scientists as directed by the President during a nuclear test ban regime and without new weapons development and production.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Four Making Light of the Light Elements
    Chapter Four Making Light of the Light Elements Although itself a significant technical obstacle to the H-bomb project, Los Alamos found computing as only one of several critical problems. Other problems arose, as well, and weapons scientists acknowledged them at various times. Von Neumann, Teller, Wheeler and others early on established computing as a technical problem that stood in the way of understanding the Super configuration’s feasibility. Nuclear materials were also a bottleneck to the hydrogen weapon program, yet Los Alamos’s scientists recognized this problem later than they had the computing obstacle. Tritium in particular, from the time Konopinski had suggested incorporating this isotope into the Super theory, was a latent obstacle to the H-bomb program. After the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic weapon in 1949 tritium scientists began to view tritium as a serious critical problem facing the American thermonuclear project. Although the Russian A-bomb test represented in the United States a political event outside of the AEC technological system -- this event nevertheless forced both scientists and policymakers to reconsider the AEC’s pace and the intensity of nuclear weapons research. Only then the Commission called its materials production facilities into question. After President Truman instructed the AEC to explore further the hydrogen weapon in 1950, and when Ulam and his colleague’s calculations began to 174 show the ignition problems facing the Super, the tritium problem became blatant. Consequently, the Committee for Weapon Development demonstrate with reasonable certainty that the 1945-1946 ENIAC calculations were wrong. In 1949 the AEC found itself unprepared to begin a program of large- scale tritium production in part because its predecessor, the MED, had not constructed any facilities specifically for this purpose.
    [Show full text]