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Typical Disorders of the Endocrine System 1. Choose the Correct Option of Transpituitary Regulation of the Endocrine Glands: A) the Cerebral Cortex – Peripheral Gland

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Typical Disorders of the Endocrine System 1. Choose the Correct Option of Transpituitary Regulation of the Endocrine Glands: A) the Cerebral Cortex – Peripheral Gland Typical disorders of the endocrine system 1. Choose the correct option of transpituitary regulation of the endocrine glands: a) the cerebral cortex – peripheral gland. + b) the cerebral cortex - the hypothalamus-pituitary – peripheral gland. c) the cerebral cortex - the hypothalamus - the nerve conductors - peripheral gland. d) the cerebral cortex - pituitary - hypothalamus – peripheral gland. e) subcortical centers - nerve agents – peripheral gland. 2. Transpituitary regulation is the basis for: a) pancreas; + b) thyroid gland; + c) gonads, d) parathyroid glands; + e) adrenal cortex. 3. Violations of transpituitary regulation are the basis of changes in production of a) insulin; b) glucagon; c) parathyrin; d) catecholamines; + e) thyroid hormones. 4. Violation of transpituitary regulation is the basis of changes in production of + a) TSH; b) aldosterone; c) insulin; d) parathyroid hormone; e) glucagon. 5. Basis of the violation of feedback mechanism is + a) reducing the sensitivity of hypothalamic centers sensing fluctuations in hormone concentrations in the blood; b) the decrease in the production of liberins; c) the increase in the production of statins; d) an increase in anterior pituitary hormone production; e) reduction of the production of statins. 6. Metabolism of hormones is disrupted in diseases of + a) liver; b) the spleen; c) heart; d) lungs; e) nervous system. 7. Hypoproteinemia is accompanied by + a) an increase in the fraction of free hormone and increasing their effects; b) an increase in the fraction of free hormone and a decrease in their effects; c) a decrease in the fraction of free hormone and a decrease in their effects; d) a decrease in the fraction of free hormone and an increase in their effects; e) the perverse effect of hormones. 8. The peripheral (outside glandular) breaking mechanism of activity of hormones are: a) deficiency of substrates for the formation of hormones; b) a hereditary defect of enzymes for biosynthesis of hormones; c) adenoma of neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus; d) congenital anomalies of development of glands; + e) the blockade of hormone receptors. 9. Peripheral breaking mechanism of activity of hormones are: + a) Disturbance of the hormone binding to plasma proteins + b) blockade of hormone receptors c) Disturbance of generating releasing hormones of the hypothalamus + d) Inactivation of circulating hormone e) Disturbance of hormone synthesis 10. When eosinophilic pituitary adenoma during growth of the organism develops a) acromegaly + b) gigantism c) dysplasia d) pituitary dwarfism; e) Itsenko-Cushing's disease. 11. Basophilic adenoma of the adenohypophysis leads to the development of a) gigantism; b) acromegaly; c) hyperthyroidism; + d) Itsenko-Cushing's disease; e) Simmonds disease. 12. When partial hypofunction of the anterior pituitary may develops + a) hypogonadism; b) Itsenko-Cushing's disease. 13. Reducing the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone leads to a) reduction of synthesis of insulin; + b) a decrease in the synthesis of adrenal hormones; c) a decrease in the synthesis of hormones of the adrenal medulla; d) an increase in the synthesis of thyroid hormones; e) an increase in the synthesis of sex hormones. 14. Exceeding production adrenocorticotropic hormone to increased secretion: a) Insulin b) PTH c) Thyroxine + d) Cortisol e) Adrenaline 15. The sudden cancellation of long-term corticosteroid therapy leads to insufficiency of: a) parathyroid hormone; b) growth hormone; c) epinephrine; + d) cortisol. 16. The sudden cancellation of long-term corticosteroid therapy leads to insufficiency of: a) parathyroid hormone; b) growth hormone; c) epinephrine; + d) ACTH. 17. Hyperproduction growth hormone can lead to + a) Gigantism b) pituitary dwarfism. 18. Hypoproduction of growth hormone at an early age is manifested in the form of a) acromegaly; b) pituitary cachexia; c) adiposogenital dystrophy; d) pituitary gigantism; + e) pituitary dwarfism. 19. When partial anterior pituitary hypofunction may develops: a) arterial hypertension; b) Cushing's disease; c) hyperthyroidism; + d) dwarfism; e) Basedow's disease. 20. The development of diabetes insipidus is caused by a) the hypersecretion of vasopressin; + b) hyposecretion of vasopressin; c) aldosterone hypersecretion; d) hyposecretion of aldosterone; e) presence in blood insulin antagonists. 21. Damage of neurohypophysis is accompanied by impaired secretion of a) thyroid-stimulating hormone; b) growth hormone; c) adrenocorticotropic hormone; d) prolactin; + e) vasopressin. 22. Antidiuretic hormone deficiency is characterized by + a) polyuria, hypostenuria, polydipsia; b) polyuria, hyperstenuria, polydipsia; c) oliguria, edema; d) glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia; e) oliguria, proteinuria, hematuria. 23. Changing the secretion of oxytocin plays a role in the pathogenesis of + a) violations of childbirth; b) disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in diabetes mellitus; c) violation of circadian rhythms "wakefulness - sleep"; d) development of myxedema; e) diffuse toxic goiter. 24. Hyperproduction of glucocorticoids causes a) hypoglycemia; b) a positive nitrogen balance; + c) increase in blood pressure; d) increased bone ossification; e) lowering the excitability of the nervous system. 25. The excitation of the central nervous system, high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, lymphocytolysis are observed at hyperproduction of a) melanostimulating hormone; b) parathyroid hormone; c) sex hormones; + d) glucocorticosteroids; e) catecholamines. 26. Cause Addison's disease most often a) adrenal hypertrophy + b) adrenal atrophy c) pituitary tumor d) Autoimmune thyroiditis e) Hyperplasia epiphysis 27. Conn's syndrome (primary aldosteronism) is manifested by a) loss of sodium and potassium delay; + b) the retention of sodium and loss of potassium; c) oliguria; d) hypotension; e) accumulation of hydrogen ions. 28. If not enough iodine in the diet is developing a) autoimmune thyroiditis; b) hyperthyroidism; c) hypoparathyroidism; + d) endemic goiter; e) diffuse toxic goiter. 29. In severe cases of hypothyroidism in adults arises + a) cretinism; + b) myxedema; c) eunuch syndrome; d) dwarfism; e) hypergonadism. 30. Hypothyroidism is the basis of + a) myxedema; b) endemic goiter. 31. An excess of thyroid hormone occurs in a) myxedema; + b) diffuse toxic goiter; c) endemic cretinism; d) acromegaly; e) insulinoma. 32. Specify the possible causes of hyperthyroidism + a) the excess of TSH; b) an excess of insulin. 33. Enlargement of the thyroid gland, exophthalmus, increase of basal metabolism and heat production, tachycardia, increased mental excitability are characteristic a) diabetes mellitus; b) hypothyroidism; c) Addison's disease; + d) Basedow's disease; d) Cushing's disease. 34. Increment concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone in blood hypothyroidism indicates the localization of the pathological process in a) by the pituitary gland + b) of the thyroid gland c) of the parathyroid glands d) of the hypothalamus e) of the thymus 35. Hypoparathyroidism occurs when the pathology of a) the gonads; b) thyroid gland; + c) parathyroid glands; d) thymus; e) pancreas. 36. The manifestation of hormonally active tumors of the adenohypophysis are: + a) acromegaly; + b) gigantism; + c) hypercortisolism; d) secondary aldosteronism; e) primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome). 37. Excessive production of ACTH leads to increased secretion of: + a) androgenic corticosteroids; b) norepinephrine; c) insulin; d) epinephrine; + e) cortisol. 38. Insufficiency which hormones can occur in the body after the sudden cancellation of long-term corticosteroid therapy? a) parathyroid hormone; + b) cortisol; c) epinephrine; d) ACTH; e) ADH. 39. In which cases increased secretion of aldosterone? + a) decrease in volume of circulating blood; b) an increase in volume of circulating blood; + c) hyponatremia and hyperkalemia; d) hypernatremia and hypokalemia; + e) increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system. 40. When insulin deficiency hyperglycemia is caused by: + a) decreasing glucose utilization by tissues; + b) an increase in hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis); c) an increase in lipogenesis; d) all of the above factors. .
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