Raag Gandhi: the Musical Community of the Mahatma
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Discussion Questions for Gandhi
Discussion Questions for Gandhi Some of the major characters to watch for: Mohandas Gandhi (aka “Mahatma” or “Bapu”), Kasturba Gandhi (his wife), Charlie Andrews (clergyman), Mohammed Jinnah (leader of the Muslim faction), Pandit Nehru (leader of the Hindu faction—also called “Pandi-gi”), Sardar Patel (another Hindu leader), General Jan Smuts, General Reginald Dyer (the British commander who led the Massacre at Amritzar), Mirabehn (Miss Slade), Vince Walker (New York Times reporter) 1. Gandhi was a truly remarkable man and one of the most influential leaders of the 20th century. In fact, no less an intellect than Albert Einstein said about him: “Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth.” Why him, this small, unassuming man? What qualities caused tens of millions to follow him in his mission to liberate India from the British? 2. Consider Gandhi’s speech (about 30 minutes into the film) to the crowd regarding General Smuts’s new law (fingerprinting Indians, only Christian marriage will be considered valid, police can enter any home without warrant, etc.). The crowd is outraged and cries out for revenge and violence as a response to the British. This is a pivotal moment in Gandhi’s leadership. What does he do to get them to agree to a non-violent response? Why do they follow him? 3. Consider Gandhi’s response to the other injustices depicted in the film (e.g., his burning of the passes in South Africa that symbolize second-class citizenship, his request that the British leave the country after the Massacre at Amritzar, his call for a general strike—a “day of prayer and fasting”—in response to an unjust law, his refusal to pay bail after an unjust arrest, his fasts to compel the Indian people to change, his call to burn and boycott British-made clothing, his decision to produce salt in defiance of the British monopoly on salt manufacturing). -
Gandhi Warrior of Non-Violence P
SATYAGRAHA IN ACTION Indians who had spent nearly all their lives in South Africi Gandhi was able to get assistance for them from South India an appeal was made to the Supreme Court and the deportation system was ruled illegal. Meantime, the satyagraha movement continued, although more slowly as a result of government prosecution of the Indians and the animosity of white people to whom Indian merchants owed money. They demanded immediate payment of the entire sum due. The Indians could not, of course, meet their demands. Freed from jail once again in 1909, Gandhi decided that he must go to England to get more help for the Indians in Africa. He hoped to see English leaders and to place the problems before them, but the visit did little beyond acquainting those leaders with the difficulties Indians faced in Africa. In his nearly half year in Britain Gandhi himself, however, became a little more aware of India’s own position. On his way back to South Africa he wrote his first book. Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule. Written in Gujarati and later translated by himself into English, he wrote it on board the steamer Kildonan Castle. Instead of taking part in the usual shipboard life he used a packet of ship’s stationery and wrote the manuscript in less than ten days, writing with his left hand when his right tired. Hind Swaraj appeared in Indian Opinion in instalments first; the manuscript then was kept by a member of the family. Later, when its value was realized more clearly, it was reproduced in facsimile form. -
1. Identify the Image of Mr. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
1. Identify the image of Mr. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel A. B. C. D. 2. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was which of the following A. First Law Minister and Prime Minister B. First Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister C. First Education Minister and Home Minister D. First Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister 3. On which date was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel born ? A. 31 October 1876 B. 31 October 1875 C. 30 October 1875 D. 13 October 1876 4. Which Place in India was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel born? A. Porbandar, Gujarat, India B. Delhi, Ind ia C. Nadiad, Gujarat, Ind ia D. Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 5. What was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s profession ? A. Businessman B. Farmer C. Teacher D. Lawyer 6. Sarda r Vallabhbhai Patel is also known as...... A. Iron Man of India and Bismarck of India B. Missile man of India C. Water Man of India D. Father of Nation of India 7. Sardar Vallabhbhai was given the title of ‘Sardar’ for leading a massive campaign urging the farmers not to pay taxes for their land to the British authorities. A. Kheda Satyagrah B. Bardoli Satyagrah C. Dandi March Movement D. Non Co-Operation movement 8. Which is the reason that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is compared to Otto von Bismarck of Germany A. He was also an influential political figure as was Bismarck in Germany B. He was instrumental in uniting and integrating India as Bismarck did for Germany C. Both of them were first ‘Home Ministers’ of their respective countries D. Both of them were first ‘Deputy Prime-Ministers’ of their respective countries 9. -
Ahimsa Center- K-12 Teacher Institute Lesson Plan Title of Lesson: Gandhi's Voice: Writing As Nonviolent Resistance Lesson B
Ahimsa Center- K-12 Teacher Institute Lesson Plan Title of Lesson: Gandhi’s Voice: Writing as Nonviolent Resistance Lesson By: Rebecca Eastman Grade Level/ Subject Areas: Class Size: Time/ Duration of Lessons: Grade Eight, English 20-30 students Lesson one of two Language Arts 1 hour Objectives of Lesson: • Students will identify how Mahatma Gandhi used writing as a means of nonviolent communication, as a means to communicate nonviolence, and as a necessary tool for reflection and self development. • Students will record with 80% accuracy, the genre, writing style, content and effect of two pieces of writing, one narrative and one expository. Lesson Abstract: In this lesson, eighth grade English Language Arts students will be introduced to M. K. Gandhi, not only as a nonviolent activist, but as a writer. After watching a short film on Gandhi as a writer, they will explore two excerpts of Gandhi’s writing, one narrative and the other expository. Students will identify the characteristics of what can make writing a nonviolent form of activism. Using a graphic organizer, students will work in groups to dissect Gandhi’s writing, categorizing the theme, similarities and differences, and effect of these excerpts. This and future lessons in the unit stress the importance of using one’s voice for social change. Lesson Content: Before the world knew Gandhi as one of the most influential persons of the 20th Century. Before he became a spiritual leader for India and the world, Gandhi was a man who wrote. Mohandas K. Gandhi was born in India in 1869, as a teen lived in England, as a young adult, South Africa and then back to India for the remainder of his life. -
LOK SABRA DEBATES (English Version)
Mond.,. February 22, 1988 ~!I~b SIrles. Vol. XXXV. No,.1 PbalguDa 3, 1909 (Sab) LOK SABRA DEBATES (English Version) Tentb Session (Elghtb Lot Sabba) ( ~~ ~ PARLIAMENT L1Di~ARY ; N.. :e...... .10. ..' . ~ i\ .".., L)ato .........'3~.~8~~ 00.., ... ,..\\ ,. ~.,....... - ~ ..........,.,.,.,.'..,_. ",I (Vol XXXV contains Nos, J to 10) LOK SABRA SECllETAIlIAT NEW DELHI Price: RI. : 600 [ORJOINAL ENGUSH PROCEEDINGS INCLUDED IN ENOLISH VERSION AND ORIOINAL HINDI PROCEEDINQS INCLUDED IN HINDI VERSION WiLL BE DBA TBDAS AUTFfORITATlVS AND NOT THE TRANSLATION THERFOP.l CONTENTS (Eighth Series, Volume XXXv, Tenth Session, 1988/1909-10 (Saka)] No.1. Monday, February 22. 1988/Phalguna 3, 1909 (Saka) COLUMNS President's Address - Laid on the Table 1-20 Obituary References and Resolution on the 20-32 demise of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBERS EIGHTH LOK SABHA A Appalanarasimham, Shri P. (Anakapalfi) Shri (South Abbasi, Shri K.J. (Domariaganj) ArJun Singh, Defhi) Shri (Tenkasi) Abdul Ghafoor, Shri (Siwan) Arunachalam, M. Abdul Hamid, Shri (Dhubri) Ataur Rahman, Shri (8arpeta) Abdullah, Begum Akbar Jahan Athlthan, Shri R. Dhanuskodi (Tiruchen- (Anantnag) dur) Athwal, Shri Charanjit Singh (Ropar) Acharla, Shri Basudeb (8ankura) AdalkalaraJ, Shri L. (Tiruchirappalli) Awasthl, Shri Jagdish (Bilhaur) Agarwal, Shri Jai Prakash (Chandni Azad, Shri Bhagwat Jha (Bhagalpur) Chowk) Azad, Shri Ghulam Nabi (Washim) Ahmad, Shri Sarfaraz (Giridih) B Ahmed, Shrimati Abida (Bareilly) Baghel, Shri Pratapsinh (Ohar) Ahmed, Shri Saifuddin (Mangaldai) 8agun Sumbrul, Shri (Singhbhum) Akhtar Hasan. Shri (Kairana) 8alragl, Shri Balkavi (Mandsaur) Alkha Ram, Shri (Salumber) Bairwa, Shri Banwari Lal (Tonk) Anand Singh, Shri (Gonda) Baltha, Shri D.L. (Araria) AnJlah. Shrimatj Manemma (Secundera- bad) BaJpal, Dr. -
UHP in the Words of an Eminent Gandhian! Former Chancellor- Gujarat Vidyapeeth, Ahmedabad
UHP in the words of an eminent Gandhian! former Chancellor- Gujarat Vidyapeeth, Ahmedabad Narayan Desai Narayan Desai, son of Mahatma Gandhi's personal secretary Mahadev Desai, was the Founder Member and Director of the World Peace Brigade. He won many awards that include UNESCO Award for Non-Violence and Tolerance. He writes about UHP: “When Gandhi says truth is God, he hints at the element pervading the entire universe. Gandhi’s field of action is entire human kind. Hence his search for harmony yields the ideology of equality of religions, removal of untouchability and elimination of class. Dr. Ramesh Kapadia’s field of action is human body. Hence his search for harmony yields tools such as Meditation and Shavasana. Spirituality is his path- finder and science the engine of progress. Their achievements may vary in terms of commitment and effort. But their direction is the same. They may be at different points on the path of progress. But both move towards the goal with faith and logical resources. Gandhi’s experiments were successful to the extent that they were people-friendly. The experiments of Dr. Kapadia and other researchers like him will prove socially useful to the extent that they are accessible to common people. Gandhiji’s experience suggests that such experiments prove as successful in achievement of their goal as the purity and selflessness underlying their pursuit.” Dr. Kapadia’s publications and the core part of Universal Healing Program (UHP) are available on his website www.universalhealing.org from which they can be downloaded free of cost. There is an App of universal healing program (UHP) which can be downloaded from play store in android & App store in IOS. -
Leo Tolstoy Correspondence Date: 1909, October 01 Day: Friday Today’S Itinerary: London
Mahatma Gandhi and Leo Tolstoy Correspondence Date: 1909, October 01 Day: Friday Today’s Itinerary: London. Today’s Details: LETTER TO LEO TOLSTOY I take the liberty of inviting your attention to what has been going on in the Transvaal (South Africa) for nearly three years. There is in that Colony a British Indian population of nearly 13,000. These Indians have, for several years, laboured under various legal disabilities. The prejudice against colour and in some respects against Asiatics is intense in that Colony. It is largely due, so far as Asiatics are concerned, to trade jealousy. The climax was reached three years ago, with a law which I and many others considered to be degrading and calculated to unman those to whom it was applicable. I felt that submission to a law of this nature was inconsistent with the spirit of true religion. I and some of my friends were and still are firm believers in the doctrine of non-resistance to evil. I had the privilege of studying your writings also, which left a deep impression on my mind. British Indians, before whom the position was fully explained, accepted the advice that we should not submit to the legislation, but that we should suffer imprisonment, or whatever other penalties the law may impose for its breach. The result has been that nearly one-half of the Indian population, that was unable to stand the heat of the struggle, to suffer the hardships of imprisonment, have withdrawn from the Transvaal rather than submit to [the] law which they have considered degrading. -
Formative Years
CHAPTER 1 Formative Years Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a seaside town in western India. At that time, India was under the British raj (rule). The British presence in India dated from the early seventeenth century, when the English East India Company (EIC) first arrived there. India was then ruled by the Mughals, a Muslim dynasty governing India since 1526. By the end of the eighteenth century, the EIC had established itself as the paramount power in India, although the Mughals continued to be the official rulers. However, the EIC’s mismanagement of the Indian affairs and the corruption among its employees prompted the British crown to take over the rule of the Indian subcontinent in 1858. In that year the British also deposed Bahadur Shah, the last of the Mughal emperors, and by the Queen’s proclamation made Indians the subjects of the British monarch. Victoria, who was simply the Queen of England, was designated as the Empress of India at a durbar (royal court) held at Delhi in 1877. Viceroy, the crown’s representative in India, became the chief executive-in-charge, while a secretary of state for India, a member of the British cabinet, exercised control over Indian affairs. A separate office called the India Office, headed by the secretary of state, was created in London to exclusively oversee the Indian affairs, while the Colonial Office managed the rest of the British Empire. The British-Indian army was reorganized and control over India was established through direct or indirect rule. The territories ruled directly by the British came to be known as British India. -
Volume Fourty-One : (Dec 2, 1927
1. SPEECH AT PUBLIC MEETING, CHICACOLE December 3, 1927 You seem to be dividing all the good things with poor Utkal1. I flattered myself with the assumption that my arrival here is one of the good things, for I was going to devote all the twenty days to seeing the skeletons of Orissa; but as you, the Andhras, are the gatekeepers of Orissa on this side, you have intercepted my march. But I am glad you have anticipated me also. After entering Andhra Desh, I have been doing my business with you and I know God will reward all those unknown people who have been co-operating with me who am a self- appointed representative of Daridranarayana. And here, too, you have been doing the same thing. Last night, several sister came and presented me with a purse. But let me tell you this is not after all my tour in Andhra. I am not going to let you alone so easily as this, nor will Deshabhakta Konda Venkatappayya let me alone, because I have toured in some parts of Ganjam. I am under promise to tour Andhra during the early part of next year, and let me hope what you are doing is only a foretaste of what you are going to do next year. You have faith in true non-co-operation. There is the great drink evil, eating into the vitals of the labouring population. I would like you to non-co-operate with that evil without a single thought and I make a sporting proposal, viz., that those who give up drink habit should divide their savings with me on behalf of Daridranarayan. -
Gandhi Wields the Weapon of Moral Power (Three Case Stories)
Gandhi wields the weapon of moral power (Three Case Stories) By Gene Sharp Foreword by: Dr. Albert Einstein First Published: September 1960 Printed & Published by: Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad 380 014 (INDIA) Phone: 079 – 27540635 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.navajivantrust.org Gandhi wields the weapon of moral power FOREWORD By Dr. Albert Einstein This book reports facts and nothing but facts — facts which have all been published before. And yet it is a truly- important work destined to have a great educational effect. It is a history of India's peaceful- struggle for liberation under Gandhi's guidance. All that happened there came about in our time — under our very eyes. What makes the book into a most effective work of art is simply the choice and arrangement of the facts reported. It is the skill pf the born historian, in whose hands the various threads are held together and woven into a pattern from which a complete picture emerges. How is it that a young man is able to create such a mature work? The author gives us the explanation in an introduction: He considers it his bounden duty to serve a cause with all his ower and without flinching from any sacrifice, a cause v aich was clearly embodied in Gandhi's unique personality: to overcome, by means of the awakening of moral forces, the danger of self-destruction by which humanity is threatened through breath-taking technical developments. The threatening downfall is characterized by such terms as "depersonalization" regimentation “total war"; salvation by the words “personal responsibility together with non-violence and service to mankind in the spirit of Gandhi I believe the author to be perfectly right in his claim that each individual must come to a clear decision for himself in this important matter: There is no “middle ground ". -
The Futility of Violence I. Gandhi's Critique of Violence for Gandhi, Political
CHAPTER ONE The Futility of Violence I. Gandhi’s Critique of Violence For Gandhi, political life was, in a profound and fundamental sense, closely bound to the problem of violence. At the same time, his understanding and critique of violence was multiform and layered; violence’s sources and consequences were at once ontological, moral and ethical, as well as distinctly political. Gandhi held a metaphysical account of the world – one broadly drawn from Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist philosophy – that accepted himsa or violence to be an ever-present and unavoidable fact of human existence. The world, he noted, was “bound in a chain of destruction;” the basic mechanisms for the reproduction of biological and social life necessarily involved continuous injury to living matter. But modern civilization – its economic and political institutions as well as the habits it promoted and legitimated – posed the problem of violence in new and insistent terms. Gandhi famously declared the modern state to represent “violence in a concentrated and organized form;” it was a “soulless machine” that – like industrial capitalism – was premised upon and generated coercive forms of centralization and hierarchy.1 These institutions enforced obedience through the threat of violence, they forced people to labor unequally, they oriented desires towards competitive material pursuits. In his view, civilization was rendering persons increasingly weak, passive, and servile; in impinging upon moral personality, modern life degraded and deformed it. This was the structural violence of modernity, a violence that threatened bodily integrity but also human dignity, individuality, and autonomy. In this respect, Gandhi’s deepest ethical objection to violence was closely tied to a worldview that took violence to inhere in modern modes of politics and modern ways of living. -
The Diary As “The Mirror of the Self”
Chapter 4: The Diary as “The Mirror of the self” Vashna Jagarnath Rhodes University History Department Draft: Paper for WISH Seminar Chapter Four The Diary as “The Mirror of the self ”1 The primary focus of this chapter is to illustrate the impact that the daily writing practice of keeping a diary had on the development of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's philosophical and political practices. Although Gandhi had been a diarist for most of his adult life this chapter only examines a particular set of diaries related to his time in Natal and Transvaal. Gandhi began diary writing as an occasional activity but by the end of his life it had became integral to his daily writing practices. Once he had established his daily writing routine he also encouraged his political followers in South Africa to do the same.2 Many years later, in India, Gandhi also required his satyagrahis to keep a daily diary which he read. There are sixty four diary entry titles in the table of contents of the Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi (CWMG). It needs to be noted, however, that not all these entries are full diary entries. For example there are only twenty pages of the first diary that he wrote on his inbound trip to London are available. Whereas his second diary, written on his return to India for The Vegetarian, and his Vital Foods diary, which was also written for The Vegetarian, are complete. However both these diaries were only a few pages in length as the diaries only lasted the duration of the voyage and the dietary experiment respectively.