Native Vegetation Clearance Data Report

WA L L B R I D G E G I L B E R T A Z T E C ( F O R T H E C I T Y O F P L AY F O R D )

F O R T H E

C I T Y O F P L AY F O R D

B A S S N E T R O A D U P G R A D E

N A T I V E V E G E T A T I O N C L E A R A N C E D A T A R E P O R T

COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751 www.cooe.com.au

| +61 8 8362 4282 | [email protected]

40-46 West Thebarton Road, Thebarton SA 5031

City of Playford:

Bassnet Road Upgrade

Native Vegetation Clearance Data Report

Wallbridge Gilbert Aztec (for the City of Playford)

14/02/2018

Wallbridge Gilbert Aztec (for the City of Playford) 60 Wyatt St, Adelaide SA 5000 COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751 (08) 8223 7433 [email protected] 40-46 West Thebarton Road Thebarton SA 5031

Company Phone +61 8 8398 5090 Company Email [email protected]

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Document Information Client Wallbridge Gilbert Aztec (for the City of Playford) Project City of Playford: Bassnet Road Upgrades Document Title Native Vegetation Clearance Data Report Document Distribution Date 14/02/2018 Document Version 1.0 File Name WGA_City of Playford_NVC Clearance Data Report

Document Control Version Issue Date Author/s Reviewer/s Date Reviewed Amendment Type 1.0 12/02/2018 J. Tiller J. Mifsud 13/02/2018 Draft for internal review 1.1 14/02/2018 J. Tiller P. Flood Final draft issued to Client 1.2 Final issued to Client

Distribution Version Date of Issue Copies, Format Recipient/s 1.0 12/02/2018 Soft copy via email J. Mifsud 1.1 14/02/2018 Soft copy via email P. Flood 1.2 Soft copy via email 1.3 Soft copy via email

COOE Disclaimer, Confidentiality & Copyright Statement

This document and the information contained within were produced by COOE Pty Ltd solely for the use of the Client identified on the cover sheet for the purpose for which it has been prepared. In preparing this document COOE Pty Ltd obtained and purchased data from third party sources including government agencies, the Client and its consultants, research organisations and generally published literature as identified herein.

COOE undertakes no duty to or accepts any responsibility to any third party who may use information from this document. Further, such information, findings, observations and conclusions in this document are based solely on information available to COOE Pty Ltd and its consultants at the time of this study.

Document Owner

COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751

40-46 West Thebarton Road, Thebarton, SA 5031 PO Box 591, Littlehampton, SA 5250

Tel: +61 8 8398 5090 Email: [email protected] | www.cooe.com.au

Report for the City of Playford: Bassnet Road Upgrade Native Vegetation Clearance Data Report

ABBREVIATIONS

EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

WGA Wallbridge Gilbert Aztec

NVC Native Vegetation Council

NPW Act National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972

PMST Protected Matters Search Tool

SEB Significant Environmental Benefit

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Report for the City of Playford: Bassnet Road Upgrade Native Vegetation Clearance Data Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1

2. LAND USE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY ...... 1

2.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub ...... 1

2.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga ...... 1

3. SURVEY METHODOLOGY ...... 2

4. ORCHID SURVEY...... 2

5. DESCRIPTION OF NATIVE VEGETATION UNDER APPLICATION...... 6

5.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub ...... 6

5.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga ...... 12

5.3 Description of the Vegetation under Application as Suitable Habitat for Threatened Fauna ..... 24

5.3.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub ...... 24

5.3.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga ...... 24

6. ASSESSMENT OF APPLICATION AGAINST CLEARANCE PRINCIPLE OF THE NATIVE VEGETATION ACT 1991 ...... 26

7. ASSESSMENT AND COMPLIANCE WITH THE NATIVE VEGETATION REGULATIONS 2017 ...... 28

8. RISK ASSESSMENT ...... 28

8.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub ...... 28

8.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga ...... 29

8.3 Additional Survey Requirements...... 29

9. AREA OF IMPACT (CUMULATIVE IMPACT) ...... 29

10. ASSOCIATED APPLICATIONS...... 29

10.1 Bassnet, Road, Humbug Scrub ...... 29

10.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga ...... 29

10.3 Applicant: City of Playford ...... 29

11. ASSESSMENT AGAINST THE MITIGATION HIERARCHY ...... 30

12. SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT OFF-SET REQUIREMENTS...... 30

12.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub ...... 30

12.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga ...... 31

APPENDICES ...... 33

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1. INTRODUCTION

COOE Pty Ltd was commissioned by Wallbridge Gilbert Aztec (WGA) to conduct a native vegetation clearance assessment, on behalf of the City of Playford, and to assess the proposed clearance envelopes against the Clearance Requirements of the Native Vegetation Act 1991 and Native Vegetation Regulations 2017.

WGA has been engaged by the City of Playford to undertake the detailed design and documentation of upgrades to Bassnet Road (between Sambell Road and Humbug Scrub Road) (Appendix A) in the suburb of Humbug Scrub.

The proposed native vegetation clearance is required as part of the City of Playford’s program to upgrade roads within its local government area. The applicant is applying to clear native vegetation within both roadside reserves either side of Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub (between Sambell Road and Humbug Scrub Road) (Figure 1).

As the City of Playford are applying to clear native vegetation for the upgrading of Bassnet Road the proposed development and associated native vegetation clearance is considered to comply with Regulation 12(34): Infrastructure of the Native Vegetation Regulations 2017.

2. LAND USE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY

2.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

The 2.7km section of Bassnet Road proposed for upgrading is situated between Sambell Road and Humbug Scrub Road in the suburb of Humbug Scrub and is located approximately 6-9km south-west of the township of Williamstown (Figure 3). This section of road corridor is adjacent to several cadastral boundaries in the Hundred of Para Wirra.

The landform in the region is described as hilly uplands on metamorphics. The region contains pine plantations, open parklands with sown pasture understorey and remnant native vegetation. The native vegetation associations adjoining this section of Bassnet Road are mapped as the following communities:

• Eucalyptus fasciculosa, Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon and Eucalyptus odorata woodland; • Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx and Eucalyptus fasciculosa woodland; • Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx woodland; and • Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. camaldulensis and Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon woodland (Source: NatureMaps, Government of South Austrlia, 2018. https://data.environment.sa.gov.au/NatureMaps/Pages/default.aspx)

The subject land is currently used as a roadside reserve and the vegetation condition varies between excellent to moderate. The adjoining land is historically used for dryland agricultural purposes, rural residential living, forestry and conservation. The western boundary of Bassnet Road adjoins the Para Wirra Conservation Park.

2.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga

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3. SURVEY METHODOLOGY

Prior to the site survey the following desktop assessments were conducted:

• Review of the Atlas of Living Australia search tool to determine the likelihood of State listed flora and fauna species that may be present on the subject land. • Review of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act 1999 Protected Matter Search Tool within 5km of the site to determine the likelihood of nationally listed flora species or habitat of conservation significance that may be present on the subject land.

The vegetation along Bassnet Road was surveyed on the 30th January 2018,. The site survey was undertaken in accordance with the Native Vegetation Council (NVC) Bushland and Scattered Tree Assessment Manuals 2017. The aim of the site survey was to:

• record the vegetation association and flora species present; • record the condition of the vegetation present; • record any threatened flora species, if present; • record any opportunistic fauna sightings; and • to assess the proposed clearance against the Requirements of the Native Vegetation Regulations 2017.

4. ORCHID SURVEY

In October 2017 COOE Pty Ltd conducted an orchid survey along the subject areas of Bassnet Road.

The survey recorded approximately 995 individual plants of 25 different orchid species along Bassnet Roadside reserve, three of which are considered to be threatened: Nationally Endangered Caladenia behrii (149 individuals recorded), State Vulnerable Thelymitra latifolia (1 individual recorded) and State Rare Thelymitra grandiflora (three individuals recorded).

The results of the orchid study are included in this report. For further detail refer to the attached Bassnet Road Upgrade Orchid Survey 2017 in Appendix C.

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Figure 1. Vegetation under application – Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

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Figure 2. Vegetation under application – Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga

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Figure 3. Location of Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

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5. DESCRIPTION OF NATIVE VEGETATION UNDER APPLICATION

5.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

The native vegetation within the survey area of Block A along Bassnet Roadside reserve consists of two vegetation associations (Figure 1). They include:

• Site A1 (2.5ha): Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon and Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx woodland over an open native and introduced understorey. • Site A2 (0.5ha): Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx +/- Eucalyptus fasciculosa woodland over a dense native understorey.

Bassnet Road is currently fenced along its length to adjoining properties. No evidence of grazing pressure was observed in Block A, however, the roadside reserve in Site A1 containing a grassy understorey is regularly slashed during the warmer months to reduce fire-fuel loads. Regeneration of native species is present in Block A, consisting of multiple individual juvenile plants but is limited to a few species such as Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. camaldulensis and Acacia pycnantha. Trees in the area are in moderate to good health with approximately 10-25% die-back of their canopies. Several long-dead trees are present. Several trees have small hollows, but no nest were observed. Block A contains a moderate amount of fallen timber and debris, including numerous trucks and branch sized logs and patchy leaf litter.

At least one strata of vegetation has been impacted in Site A1, with reduced structural diversity and reduced vegetation cover. The understorey in Site A1 contains between 20-40% native species with the balance being dominated by introduced species. All strata of vegetation are present in Site A2 showing little signs of disturbance. A variety of native lifeforms and associated age classes exist. Site A2 understorey contains over 80% native species.

The full flora species list recorded during the survey in Block A is shown below in Table 1.

Table 1. Flora Species Recorded in Block A: Site A1 and A2

Species Name Common Name A1 A2 Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon SA Blue Gum   Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx Long-leaf Box   Eucalyptus camaldulensis ssp. camaldulensis River Red Gum  Eucalyptus fasciculosa (SA: Rare) Pink Gum   Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping Sheoak   Allocasuarina muelleriana ssp. muelleriana Common Oak-bush  Acacia paradoxa Kangaroo Thorn   Acacia continua Thorn Wattle  Acacia myrtifolia Myrtle Wattle   Amyema miquelii Box Mistletoe   Hakea rostrata Beaked Hakea  Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spatulata Sticky Hop-bush   Cassytha glabella f. dispar Slender Dooder-lauel   Olearia ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush   Calostemma purpureum Pink Garland-lily  Senecio phelleus Woodland Groundsel   Senecio quadridentatus Cotton Groundsel   Senecio picridioides Purple-leaf Groundsel  Lomandra multiflora ssp. dura Hard Mat-rush   Gonocarpus elatus Hill Raspwort  

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Gonocarpus tetragynus Small-leaf Raspwort  Juncus subsecundus Finger Rush  Juncus pallidus Pale Rush  Lepidosperma carphoides Black Rapier-sedge   Lepidosperma semiteres Wire Rapier-sedge   Hibbertia exutiacies Prickly Guinea-flower   Hibbertia sericea Silky Guinea-flower   Astroloma conostephioides Flame Heath   Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea   Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree   Cryptandra tomentosa Heath Cryptandra   Leucopogon virgatus var. virgatus Common Beard-heath   Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach Heath   Pultenaea largiflorens Twiggy Bush-pea   Xanthorrhoea semiplana ssp. semiplana Yacca   Rytidosperma geniculatum Kneed Wallaby-grass   Rytidosperma sp. Wallaby-grass   Austrostipa mollis Soft Spear-grass   Austrostipa sp. Spear-grass   Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping Sheoak   Dianella revoluta var. revoluta Blank-anther Flax-lily   Caladenia behrii (SA & Aus: Endangered) Pink-lip Spider-orchid   Caladenia behrii x rigida Pink-lipped x Stiff White Spider-orchid  Caladenia carnea Pink Fingers  Caladenia leptochila ssp. leptochila Narrow-lip Spider-orchid  Caladenia reticulata Veined Spider-orchid  Caladenia tentaculata King Spider-orchid  Calochilus sp. Beard-orchid  Corybas incurvus Slaty Helmet Orchid  Corybas sp. Helmet Orchid  Diuris orientis Wallflower Donkey-orchid  Diuris pardina Spotted Donkey-orchid   Glossodia major Purple Cockatoo   Microtis frutetorum  Microtis parviflora Slender Onion-orchid   Microtis sp. Onion-orchid   Pterostylis nana Dwarf Greenhood  Pterostylis sp. Greenhood   Pterostylis nutans Nodding Greenhood   Pterostylis plumosa Bearded Greenhood  Thelymitra albiflora  Thelymitra grandiflora (SA: Rare) Great Sun-orchid   Thelymitra latifolia (SA: Vulnerable) Blue Star Sun-orchid  Thelymitra pauciflora Slender Sun-orchid   Thelymitra rubra Salmon Sun-orchid 

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Thelymitra sp. Sun-orchid  Avena barbata* Bearded Oat   Pentameris pallida* Pussy Tail   Briza maxima* Large Quaking-grass   Phalaris sp.* Canary Grass  Plantago lanceolata var. lanceolata* Ribwort  Cynosurus echinatus* Rough Dog’s-tail Grass  Cynodon dactylon var. dactylon Couch  Scabiosa atropurpurea* Pincushion  Gomphocarpus sp.* Cotton-bush  Fraxinus angustifolia ssp. angustifolia*+ Desert Ash  Rosa canina*+ Dog Rose  Olea europaea ssp.*+ Olive   Carthamus lanatus* Saffron Thistle   Senecio pterophorus* African Daisy  

*Introduced species +Declared Plant

Using the Bushland Assessment Scoresheet, the following scores were devised for Block A: Site A1: Landscape Context Score: 1.13 Vegetation Condition Score: 56.50 Conservation Significance Score: 1.14 Unit (Hectare) Biodiversity Score: 72.79 Site A2:

Landscape Context Score: 1.13 Vegetation Condition Score: 63.23 Conservation Significance Score: 1.14 Unit (Hectare) Biodiversity Score: 81.45

Refer to Appendix D for Site A1and A2 Bushland Assessment Scoresheets for further details.

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Photo 1: Representation of Vegetation in Site A1

Photo 2: Representation of Vegetation in Site A1

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Photo 3: Representation of Vegetation in Site A1

Photo 4: Representation of Vegetation in Site A1

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Photo 5: Representation of Vegetation in Site A2

Photo 6: Representation of Vegetation in Site A2

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5.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga

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5.3 Description of the Vegetation under Application as Suitable Habitat for Threatened Fauna

5.3.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

As discussed in Section 5.1, Block A contains moderate fallen timber and debris, including truck and branch sized logs and leaf litter. The understorey in Site A1 contains between 20-40% native species with the balance being dominated by introduced species. Site A2 understorey contains over 75% native species. Several trees have small hollows, but no nest were observed. During the site assessment several bird species weere observed, which included the Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus funereus), Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius) and Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen).

A 5km radius search for threatened fauna species using the Atlas Living Australia returned the following species listed in Table 4. These have been sighted in the past 20 years and have the potential to utilise Block A as suitable habitat. Table 4 also includes nationally threatened species that are likely to occur within 5km of the application area that may also utilise Block A as habitat according to the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Protected Matters Report Search Tool.

Table 4. Threatened fauna species recorded or likely to occur with 5km of Block A

Species Name Common EPBC NPW Habitat Comments Site Site Name Act Act A1 A2 Birds Calyptorhynchus Yellow-tailed V Preferred broad vegetation groups are * * funereus Black- Grassy Woodland, Heathy Woodland and Cockatoo Heathy Forest. Falcunculus Crested R Occurs predominantly in Eucalypt * * frontatus Shrike-tit woodlands and forests. Neophema Elegant Parrot R Inhabits open forests, woodlands, mallee, * * elegans mulga, salt marsh.

5.3.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga

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6. ASSESSMENT OF APPLICATION AGAINST CLEARANCE PRINCIPLE OF THE NATIVE VEGETATION ACT 1991 b) It has a significance as a habitat for wildlife:

Bassnet Road

Block A

As shown in Table 4 (Section 5.3.1), the vegetation within Block A may provide potential habitat for three threatened fauna species. As a result, both Site A1 and Site A2 receive a threatened fauna score of 0.04.

Consequently, clearance is considered to be seriously at variance with this Principle. However, given the small size of Sites A1 and A2 (2.5 ha and 0.5ha respectively), in relation to the amount of native vegetation in the local vicinity (less than 10% of the native vegetation within a 5km radius to be impacted), this vegetation may be considered non-essential habitat for threatened species. Therefore, clearance may have a negligible impact on species populations over the long term and clearance may be reduced to at variance with this Principle.

Bassnet Road

Site A1

As shown in Table 1 (Section 5.1), three threatened flora species were recorded in Site A1. They include: • Eucalyptus fasciculosa (Pink Gum) - NPW Act: Rare • Thelymitra grandiflora (Great Sun-orchid) - NPW Act: Rare • Caladenia behrii (Pink-lip Spider-orchid) - NPW Act: Endangered; EPBC Act: Endangered

Site A1 would receive a maximum threatened flora score of 0.01.

Therefore, clearance is considered to be seriously at variance with this Principle. However, given the small size of the area (2.5ha) clearance may impact less than 10% of these individual flora species within the immediate vicinity (within a 1km radius). Under these circumstances, clearance may be reduced to at variance with this Principle.

Site A2

As shown in Table 1 (Section 5.1), four threatened flora species were recorded in Site A2. They include: • Eucalyptus fasciculosa (Pink Gum) - NPW Act: Rare • Thelymitra grandiflora (Great Sun-orchid) - NPW Act: Rare • Thelymitra latifolia (Blue Star Sun-orchid) - NPW Act: Vulnerable • Caladenia behrii (Pink-lip Spider-orchid) - NPW Act: Endangered; EPBC Act: Endangered

Site A2 would receive a maximum threatened flora score of 0.01.

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Therefore, clearance is considered to be seriously at variance with this Principle. However, given the small size of the area (0.5ha) clearance may impact less than 10% of these flora species within the immediate vicinity (within a 1km radius). Under these circumstances, clearance may be reduced to at variance with this Principle.

Bassnet Road

No threatened vegetation communities were recorded within the Bassnet Road assessment area of Block A.

Therefore, clearance is considered to be not at variance with this Principle.

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7. ASSESSMENT AND COMPLIANCE WITH THE NATIVE VEGETATION REGULATIONS 2017

As the City of Playford are applying to clear native vegetation for the upgrading of Bassnet Road the proposed development works and associated native vegetation clearance would be considered to comply with Regulation 12(34): Infrastructure of the Native Vegetation Regulations 2017.

An assessment of the clearance application against the conditions of Regulation 12(34): Infrastructure are addressed below.

1. Clearance incidental to the construction or expansion of a building or infrastructure where it is deemed the clearance is in the public interest.

Comment:

The Native Vegetation Regulations 2017 lists roads as public infrastructure.

2. Clearance is required in connection with the provision of infrastructure or services to a building or place provided that consent under the Development Act 1993 has been obtained.

Comment:

At present the project is in the planning stage and development approval for the proposed road upgrades is yet to be granted.

8. RISK ASSESSMENT

8.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

Although the Total Biodiversity Score for Block A is less than 250 the level of risk for the proposed clearance will be escalated from 3 to 4 due to clearance being seriously at variance with Principle b) and c) of the Native Vegetation Act 1991.

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8.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga This section is intentionally blank.

8.3 Additional Survey Requirements

Due to the Level 4 risk assessment for the proposed clearance areas along Bassnet Road a Level 4 Clearance fauna survey may be required.

Level 4 Clearance fauna assessment requirements include a database search plus a clearly documented onsite survey. This should include active searching, such as inspecting potential habitat elements (e.g. hollows, burrows, under logs and leaf litter, rocky outcrops) for the presence of fauna species or searching for associated evidence of habitat usage (e.g. tracks, scats, diggings, nests). A specifically designed and targeted surveys should be conducted where the database search and/or observations indicate the presence of a threatened species listed under the EPBC Act or NPW Act. This should include direct sampling methods to detect the presence of the species, conducted as per DEH (2000) Guidelines for Vertebrate Surveys in South Australia.

9. AREA OF IMPACT (CUMULATIVE IMPACT)

Direct Impacts

The direct impacts to native vegetation of the proposed development are discussed in Section 5.

Indirect Impacts

No indirect impacts are foreseen for other areas of vegetation under this application.

10. ASSOCIATED APPLICATIONS

10.1 Bassnet, Road, Humbug Scrub

No applications to clear native vegetation was approved or has been applied for within the Bassnet Road corridor within the last 5 years.

10.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga

Three clearance applications were approved or have been applied for within the Glenburnie Road corridor within the last 5 years. A total of four trees were applied for. They include applications:

• 2014_3065: 1 tree • 2014_2099: 1 tree • 2014_3099: 2 trees

10.3 Applicant: City of Playford

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11. ASSESSMENT AGAINST THE MITIGATION HIERARCHY

An assessment of the clearance application against the Mitigation Hierarchy are addressed below. a) Avoidance — measures should be taken to avoid clearance of native vegetation wherever possible.

Comment:

As the Bassnet Road Upgrade Project is in the planning stage opportunities may exist to avoid native vegetation clearance. b) Minimisation — if clearance of native vegetation cannot be avoided, measures should be taken to minimise the extent, duration and intensity of impacts of the clearance on biological diversity to the fullest possible extent.

Comment:

As the Bassnet Road Upgrade Project is in the planning stage opportunities may exist to minimise native vegetation clearance. c) Rehabilitation or restoration — measures should be taken to rehabilitate ecosystems that will be degraded, and to restore ecosystems that will be destroyed, due to impacts of clearance that cannot be avoided or minimised.

Comment:

Other than the vegetation currently under application, no additional impacts to adjacent or nearby native vegetation is expected during the road upgrades. Therefore, no opportunities to rehabilitate or restore ecosystems in the vicinity of the project will be available. d) Offset — any adverse impact on native vegetation or ecosystems that cannot be avoided or minimised should be offset by implementing an SEB that outweighs that impact.

Comment:

Refer to Section 12 below for discussion regarding the required Significant Environmental Benefit (SEB).

12. SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT OFF-SET REQUIREMENTS

The NVC may give consent to the clearance of native vegetation under the Act if it is satisfied that actions will be taken that will result in an SEB. The achievement of an SEB is also a condition of approval for activities under Division 5 of the Regulations.

An SEB is an action that results in a positive impact on the environment that is over and above the negative impact of the clearance. An SEB can be achieved through the establishment (revegetation), management and/or protection of an area of native vegetation or payment into the Native Vegetation Fund.

12.1 Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

Site A1

Site A1 contain 2.5 hectares of native vegetation with a Unit Biodiversity Score of 72.79 per hectare. Therefore, the Total Biodiversity Score is 181.97. With a loss factor of 1 and a SEB Point loss of 181.97 the following SEB will be required:

• SEB Points: 191.07

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• SEB Payment: $168,855.22 (plus an administration fee of $8,442.76) with a mean annual rainfall of 707mm.

Refer to Appendix D for Site A1 Bushland Assessment Scoresheet for further details.

Site A2

Site A2 contain 0.5 hectares of native vegetation with a Unit Biodiversity Score of 81.45 per hectare. Therefore, the Total Biodiversity Score is 40.73. With a loss factor of 1 and a SEB Point loss of 40.73 the following SEB will be required:

• SEB Points: 42.76 or

• SEB Payment: $36,669.80 (plus an administration fee of $1,833.49) with a mean annual rainfall of 686mm.

Refer to Appendix D for Site A2 Bushland Assessment Scoresheet for further details.

12.2 Glenburnie Road, Yattalunga

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APPENDICES

Appendix A: Bassnet Road Upgrade Drawings

Refer to following attached PDF files:

• Appendix A_ADL170721-C05 Bassnett Road-Layout1 • Appendix A_ADL170721-C06 Bassnett Road-Layout1

Appendix B: Glenburnie Road Upgrade Drawings

Appendix C: Bassnet Road Upgrade Orchid Survey 2017

Refer to following attached PDF files:

• Appendix C_WGA.COP.01_Bassnet Road Orchid Survey 2017 V1.0 • Appendix C_170721_Figure 1_All_Orchids • Appendix C_170721_Figure 2_Listed_Orchids

Appendix D: Site A1 and A2 Bushland Assessment Scoresheets

Refer to following attached PDF files:

• Appendix D_Site A1 Bassnet Rd Bushland Assessment (less than 0.5ha) Scoresheet • Appendix D_Site A2 Bassnet Rd Bushland Assessment (less than 0.5ha) Scoresheet

Appendix E: Glenburnie Road Scattered Tree Assessment Scoresheets

Appendix F: Site B1 and B2 Bushland Assessment Scoresheets

Appendix G: Block C Bushland Assessment Scoresheets

Appendix H: Glenburnie Road Scattered Tree Assessment Field Datasheet

Appendix I: Glenburnie Road Waypoints

COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751 www.cooe.com.au | +61 8 8398 5090 | [email protected]

40-46 West Thebarton Road, Thebarton SA 5031

Figure 1: Vegetation Under Application - Bassnet Road, Humbug Scrub

Map data is compiled from a variety of sources and hence its accuracy is variable. Compiled: 10-Feb-2018 Generated at: www.naturemaps.sa.gov.au Datum: Geocentric Datum of Australia, 1994 Copyright © Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources 2018. All Rights Reserved. All works and information displayed are subject to Copyright. For the reproduction or publication beyond Projection: Web Mercator (Auxiliary Sphere) that permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 (Cwlth) written permission must be sought from the Department. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information displayed, the Department, its agents, officers and employees make no representations, either express or implied, that the information displayed is accurate or fit for any purpose and expressly disclaims all liability for loss or damage arising from reliance upon the information displayed. 0 787 Metres Figure 3: Location of Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road

Map data is compiled from a variety of sources and hence its accuracy is variable.

Copyright © Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources 2018. All Rights Reserved. All works and information displayed are subject to Copyright. For the reproduction or publication beyond that permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 (Cwlth) written permission must be sought from the Compiled: 10-Feb-2018 Department. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information displayed, the Department, its agents, officers and employees make no representations, either express or implied, Generated at: www.naturemaps.sa.gov.au that the information displayed is accurate or fit for any purpose and expressly disclaims all liability for Datum: Geocentric Datum of Australia, 1994 loss or damage arising from reliance upon the information displayed. 0 1: 106,660 0 Metres Projection: Web Mercator (Auxiliary Sphere) BASSNET ROAD, HUMBUG SCRUB DESIGN SPEED - 90km/h (NOMINAL) CONCEPT PLAN - 7m WIDE SEAL WITH 0.5m UNSEALED SHOUDERS CITY OF PLAYFORD

WAD170721-C05, REV A BASSNET ROAD, HUMBUG SCRUB DESIGN SPEED - 90km/h (NOMINAL) CONCEPT PLAN - 7m WIDE SEAL WITH 0.5m UNSEALED SHOUDERS CITY OF PLAYFORD WAD170721-C06, REV A 301000

Caladenia tentaculata (5) Thelymitra rubra (20) !( Thelymitra rubra (10) !( 6157000 Microtis parviflora (20) 6157000 !( Thelymitra rubra (10) Thelymitra rubra (20) Glossodia major (>30) Diuris pardina (5) !( !( !( !( !( !( Microtis sp. (1) Microtis sp. (1) !( Diuris pardina (5) !(!( !( Diuris pardina (2) Microtis sp. (10) !( !( Diuris orientis (6) Glossodia major (>30) Diuris pardina (2) !(!( !( Microtis sp. (1) !( !( !(!( Corybas incurvus (1) Pterostylis nutans (2) !(!(!( Microtis parviflora (1) Microtis sp. (5) !( !( !(!( Diuris pardina (2) Corybas sp. (>30) !( !(!(!( !(!( !(!( Microtis sp. (2) Caladenia tentaculata (2) Microtis sp. (5) !( !( Glossodia major (>20) !( !(!(!( Microtis sp. (1) !( !(!( Calochilus sp. (1) !(!( Caladenia carnea (1) !( Thelymitra sp. (10) !( !( Caladenia behrii (10) Microtis sp. (10) !( Diuris pardina (10) !( !( !(!(!( Glossodia major (30) !(!( !( Caladenia behrii (5) Caladenia tentaculata (10) Diuris pardina (3) !( !( Diuris orientis (6) !(!( Glossodia major (20) !( !( Caladenia behrii (10) Caladenia behrii (1) Corybas incurvus (1) Microtis sp. (3) !( !( !( Caladenia behrii (1) !( !( Caladenia behrii (1) !( !( !( Caladenia behrii (20) !( Caladenia behrii (1)

Microtis sp. (1) !( !( Caladenia tentaculata (1) Thelymitra rubra (1) Pterostylis sp. (5) !( !( Microtis parviflora (1) Caladenia tentaculata (10) Glossodia major (>20) !( !( !( Thelymitra rubra (10) !( Microtis parviflora (20)

Document Path: K:\JOBS\2017\170701-170800\170721 -Rural RoadSealing Program -City of Playford\05 Sketches\GIS\Project\170721_All_Orchids.mxd Glossodia major (>30) Thelymitra grandiflora (1) !(!(

Caladenia behrii (20) Microtis sp. (5) !(!( Caladenia reticulata (5) !(!( Corybas sp. (25>) !( Corybas sp. (>30) !( Diuris pardina (2) !( !( 6156000 6156000 Caladenia behrii (2) !( Microtis sp. (2) !( !( Caladenia behrii (1) !( Caladenia behrii (5) !( !( Glossodia major (>20) !( Corybas sp. (>25) Microtis sp. (1) Thelymitra rubra (10) !( !( Microtis parviflora (20) Glossodia major (>20) Microtis sp. (5) !( Caladenia tentaculata (3) !(!( !( !( Calochilus sp. (1) Microtis parviflora (12) !( !( Caladenia behrii (1) !(!( Microtis parviflora (10) Glossodia major (>30) Thelymitra rubra (1) !( Microtis parviflora (20) !( Microtis sp. (4) !( Corybas sp. (>20) Thelymitra rubra (1) !( !( Thelymitra latifolia (1) Glossodia major (>40) Caladenia carnea (1) Thelymitra sp. (10) !(!( !( !( Thelymitra rubra (1)

Pterostylis nutans (10) Glossodia major (30>) !( Microtis frutetorum (1) !( Thelymitra albiflora (1) Caladenia behrii (10) !(

!( !( 6155000 6155000

Diuris pardina (1) !(

301000

BROKEN HILL ! Orchid Species PORT AUGUSTA ! !( Caladenia behrii !( Corybas sp. !( Pterostylis nutans Figure 1. Bassnet Road ± !( !( !( Caladenia behrii x rigida Diuris orientis Pterostylis plumosa 0 100 200 300 m MILDURA Orchid Survey Records ! !( Caladenia carnea !( Diuris pardina !( Pterostylis sp.

ADELAIDE !( !( !( ! Scale 1:10,000 @ A4 Caladenia leptochila Glossodia major Thelymitra albiflora 10 October 2017 !( Caladenia reticulata !( Microtis frutetorum !( Thelymitra grandiflora Coordinate System: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 54 Rural Road Sealing !( !( !( Caladenia tentaculata Microtis parviflora Thelymitra latifolia Disclaimer: While all reasonable care has been taken to ensure the information !( Calochilus sp. !( Microtis sp. !( Thelymitra pauciflora Program - City of Playford contained on this map is up to date and accurate, no guarantee is given that the MOUNT GAMBIER HAMILTON information portrayed is free from error or omission. Any relevance placed on !( !( !( ! ! such information shall be at the risk of the user. Corybas incurvus Pterostylis nana Thelymitra rubra Sightings Note: The information shown on this map is a copyright of WGA 2017 !( Thelymitra sp. All Orchid 301000

Caladenia behrii (2) Caladenia behrii (1) !( !( 6157000 6157000 Thelymitra grandiflora (1) !(

Thelymitra grandiflora (1) !( Caladenia behrii (20) !( Caladenia behrii (1) Caladenia behrii (2) !(!( Caladenia behrii (2) !( Caladenia behrii (2) Thelymitra grandiflora (1) !( Caladenia behrii (20) !( !( !( Caladenia behrii (2) Caladenia behrii (1) Caladenia behrii (1) !( !( Caladenia behrii (5) !(!( !( !(!( Caladenia behrii (5)

Caladenia behrii (15) !(

Caladenia behrii (10) !( Caladenia behrii (10) Caladenia behrii (15) !( !( Caladenia behrii (5) !( Caladenia behrii (10) !( Caladenia behrii (1) !(!( Caladenia behrii (20) !( !( Caladenia behrii (10) Caladenia behrii (1) !( Caladenia behrii (1) Caladenia behrii (20) !(

Caladenia behrii (10) !(

Caladenia behrii (10) !( Caladenia behrii (10) !( Caladenia behrii (5) !(

Document Path: K:\JOBS\2017\170701-170800\170721 -Rural RoadSealing Program -City of Playford\05 Sketches\GIS\Project\170721_Listed_Orchids.mxd

Caladenia behrii (20) !( Caladenia behrii (1) !( Caladenia behrii (1) Caladenia behrii (10) !( !( 6156000 6156000

Caladenia behrii (20) !( !( Caladenia behrii (10) Caladenia behrii (1) !(

Thelymitra grandiflora (1) !( Caladenia behrii (1) !( 6155000 6155000

301000

BROKEN HILL ! Orchid Species PORT AUGUSTA ! ± !( Caladenia behrii !( Thelymitra grandiflora Figure 2. Bassnet Road Orchid 0 100 200 300 m Survey - Conservation MILDURA ! Significant Species Records ADELAIDE ! Scale 1:10,000 @ A4 10 October 2017 Coordinate System: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 54 Rural Road Sealing Disclaimer: While all reasonable care has been taken to ensure the information contained on this map is up to date and accurate, no guarantee is given that the Program - City of Playford MOUNT GAMBIER HAMILTON information portrayed is free from error or omission. Any relevance placed on ! ! such information shall be at the risk of the user. Sightings Note: The information shown on this map is a copyright of WGA 2017 Listed Orchid

WGA

Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade

City of Playford

Orchid Survey

20 October 2017

COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751

www.cooe.com.au | +61 8 8362 4282 | [email protected] 40-46 West Thebarton Road, Thebarton SA 5031

BASSNET ROAD AND GLENBURNIE ROAD UPGRADE

Orchid Survey 2017

WGA

20 October 2017

]

COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751

40-46 West Thebarton Road Thebarton SA 5031 PO Box 591 Littlehampton SA 5250 Telephone +61 8 8362 4282 Mobile (Kate Grundy, GM) +61 4 06 112 334 Email (Kate Grundy, GM) [email protected]

Commercial-in-Confidence

Document Information Client WGA Project Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade Document Title Orchid Survey 2017 Document Distribution Date 20 October 2017 Document Version V1.0 File Name WGA.COP.01_Bassnet Road Orchid Survey 2017 V1.0.docx

Document Control Version Date of Issue Author/s Reviewer/s Date Reviewed V1.0 18/10/17 KG RB 18/10/17

Distribution Version Date of Issue Copies, Format Client Contact(s) V1.0 20/10/17 Soft copy via email Peter Flood

COOE Disclaimer, Confidentiality & Copyright Statement

This document and the information contained within were produced by COOE Pty ltd solely for the use of the Client identified on the cover sheet for the purpose for which it has been prepared. In preparing this document COOE Pty Ltd obtained and purchased data from third party sources including government agencies, the Client and its consultants, research organisations and generally published literature as identified herein. COOE undertakes no duty to or accepts any responsibility to any third party who may use information from this document. Further, such information, findings, observations and conclusions in this document are based solely on information available to COOE Pty Ltd and its consultants at the time of this study.

Document Owner

COOE Pty Ltd ABN 65 147 909 751 40-46 West Thebarton Road, Thebarton, SA 5031 PO Box 591, Littlehampton, SA 5250 Tel: +61 8 8362 4282 Email: [email protected] www.cooe.com.au

Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade Proposal for Vegetation Clearance Assessment 2017

ABBREVIATIONS

DOE Department of the Environment EPBC Act Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 NPW Act South Australian National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 NV Act South Australian Native Vegetation Act 1991 SPRAT Species Profile and Threats Database

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

City of Playford council propose to upgrade sections of Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road. An area of Bassnet Road within the proposed upgrade area is known habitat for threatened orchid species.

WGA engaged COOE Pty Ltd to undertake a targeted orchid survey of the proposed upgrade areas of Bassnet and Glenburnie Road. The survey was conducted by South Australian orchid expert Robert Bates and environmental scientist Jacob Lemon on 10 October 2017. The survey recorded 25 species of orchid, two of which are considered to be threatened species: Nationally Endangered Caladenia behrii (149 individuals recorded) and State Rare Thelymitra grandiflora (three individuals recorded).

The records collected in 2017 are presented in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Appendix A.

The primary known threat to Caladenia behrii is loss of habitat due to land clearance.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... II 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 2. METHODOLOGY ...... 1 3. RESULTS ...... 1 3.1 Bassnet Road Survey ...... 2 3.2 Glenburnie Road Survey ...... 5 4. DISCUSSION ...... 5 4.1 Caladenia behrii (Pink-lipped Spider Orchid) ...... 5 4.2 Thelymitra grandiflora (Giant Sun-orchid) ...... 7 5. REFERENCES ...... 8

APPENDICES ...... 9

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Bassnet Road Orchid Survey Records (10 October 2017) ...... 3

Figure 2. Bassnet Road Orchid Survey – Conservation Significant Species Records (10 October 2017) ... 4

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Orchid species recorded within the Bassnet Road Survey Area ...... 2

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: COOE ORCHID SURVEY RECORDS (10 OCTOBER 2017) ...... 9

APPENDIX B: COOE ORCHID SURVEY PHOTOGRAPHS (10 OCTOBER 2017) ...... 13

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1. INTRODUCTION

WGA is undertaking the detailed design and documentation of upgrades to Bassnet Road (approximately 3km between Sambell Road and Humbug Scrub Road) and Glenburnie Road (approximately 3.2km north from Humbug Scrub Road) in the council area of City of Playford.

Areas of Bassnet Road were known to contain EPBC listed orchids. Clearance of rare, vulnerable or endangered species is likely to be considered seriously at variance with the Native Vegetation Act 1991 (NV Act) Principals of Clearance and less likely to be approved. COOE performed a targeted orchid survey along Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road to collect details of the number and location of listed orchids within the proposed clearance area.

2. METHODOLOGY

The orchid survey was performed by South Australian orchid specialist Robert Bates and environmental scientist Jacob Lemon on 10 October 2017. The survey was designed and undertaken in accordance with Survey Guidelines for Australia’s Threatened Orchids: Guidelines for Detecting Orchids Listed as ‘’Threatened’ under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (DOE 2013). The guidelines are applicable to all those interested in surveying for orchid species, however, they are primarily aimed at proponents (those proposing to undertake development, activities or actions), consultants (those who conduct and/or report on threatened species in surveys and assessments) and decision makers (those who are responsible for assessing impacts on threatened orchid species). The information in the guidelines has been designed for those with sound understanding, experience and skills in conducting orchid surveys.

Robert Bates has vast experience identifying orchids in South Australia and is author of SA’s standard references on native orchids, such as Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990) and the electronic Orchids of South Australia on DVD. Bob is author of the Recovery plan for Pink-lip Spider Orchid Caladenia behrii (Bates 1994), lodged with the Department of Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs in 1994. Bob is currently working on a long-term project surveying and recording orchid species within and surrounding the Parra Wirra Conservation Park, bordered by Bassnet Road, and had recently visited and identified orchids occurring within the Bassnet Road survey area two weeks prior to the COOE survey.

Bob confirmed that orchids were at peak detectability during his preliminary visit in late September. Some orchid flowers had begun to deteriorate by the 10 October survey, however Bob was confident in locating and identifying all orchid individuals present and is capable of detecting individuals from leaf only, a skill enhanced by his recent work on Bassnet Road and the Parra Wirra Conservation Park during the 2017 flowering season.

3. RESULTS The proposed clearance area falls within the Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges (AMLR) NRM Region. Flora surveys undertaken by the council in 2007 identified 141 species from Bassnet Road (including 16 orchid species, five identified to genus only) and 37 species from Glenburnie Road (no orchids recorded). COOE is unaware of the extent of the survey area and methods associated with these results. The 2017 orchid survey identified 20 species of orchid, with an additional five identified to genus only, presented in Table 1.

Commercial-in-Confidence Page 1 Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade Proposal for Vegetation Clearance Assessment 2017

3.1 Bassnet Road Survey All orchid species records collected during the survey were from Bassnet Road. Approximately 995 plants were recorded. Co-ordinates for all records are provided in Appendix A. The survey confirmed the occurrence of both EPBC Act and NPW Act listed species at the northern end of the Bassnet Road Survey area: Nationally Endangered Caladenia behrii and State Rare Thelymitra grandiflora. One plant was identified as a hybrid species, C. behrii x rigida. Both species are Endangered under the EPBC Act, however hybrids are not listed as species. The survey also identified three additional sections of road reserve containing orchids (Figure 1), one of which had a single occurrence of both threatened species (Figure 2).

Table 1. Orchid species recorded within the Bassnet Road Survey Area

Conservation Significance Recorded Orchid ID Common Name EPBC NPW AMLR in 2007 Caladenia behrii Pink-lipped Spider-orchid E E E X Caladenia behrii x rigida Pink-lipped x Stiff White Spider-orchid - - - Caladenia carnea Pink Finger Orchid - - NT X Caladenia leptochila Narrow-lipped Spider-orchid - - R X Caladenia reticulata Veined Spider-orchid - - V X Caladenia tentaculata King Spider-orchid - - NT X Calochilus sp. Bearded Orchid - - - Corybas incurvus Slaty Helmet Orchid - - NT Corybas sp. Helmet Orchid - - - X Diuris orientis Wallflower Donkey Orchid - - LC X Diuris pardina Leopard Orchid - - NT X Glossodia major Wax-lip Orchid - - LC X Microtis frutetorum Common Woodland Onion Orchid - - NT Microtis parviflora Slender Onion Orchid - - LC Microtis sp. Onion Orchid - - - X Pterostylis nana Dwarf Greenhood - - NE X Pterostylis nutans Nodding Greenhood - - LC Pterostylis plumosa Bearded Greenhood - - R X Pterostylis sp. Greenhood - - - Thelymitra albiflora Small White Sun-orchid - - NT Thelymitra grandiflora Giant Sun-orchid - R R Thelymitra latifolia Flat Leaf Sun-orchid - - R Thelymitra pauciflora Slender Sun-orchid - - LC Thelymitra rubra Common Pink Sun-orchid - - LC X Thelymitra sp. Sun-orchid - - - X

EPBC – Listing under the Commonwealth EPBC Act NPW – Listing under the NPW Act AMLR – Regionally threatened plants of the Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges E – Endangered V - Vulnerable R – Rare NT – Near Threatened LC – Least Concern NE – Not Evaluated

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Figure 1. Bassnet Road Orchid Survey Records (10 October 2017)

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Figure 2. Bassnet Road Orchid Survey – Conservation Significant Species Records (10 October 2017)

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Vegetation types within the survey area included:

• Pink Gum/Long-leaved Box Gum with understory of Pultenaea and grass tree. • Pink Gum/Long-leaved Box Gum with understory of Hibbertia. • Blue Gum grassy woodland with Golden Wattle and understory of native lillies. • Long-leaved Box Gum with Golden Wattle and understory of Hibbertia. • Sheoak woodland with understory of sedge.

Most species were found in the thicker areas of Long-leaved Box/Pink Gum vegetation on the western side of Bassnet Road. This may be due to less herbicide drift from adjacent pine plantation to the east, less dust pollution from travelling vehicles and/or less impact from road grading. There is also evidence of grazing in areas where kangaroos are able to cross the fence line from the adjacent reserve. Fewer orchid species and numbers were found in the grassy woodland areas south of the 0.6km of Bassnet Road, likely due to historical sheep farming and incursion of woodland weeds.

3.2 Glenburnie Road Survey

Glenburnie Road was not known to contain any habitat suitable for the presence of orchids. The road reserve was traversed during the 10 October survey and the assumption confirmed; no suitable habitat is present.

4. DISCUSSION

4.1 Caladenia behrii (Pink-lipped Spider Orchid)

Plate 1: Caladenia behrii on Bassnet Road (Photograph courtesy of Jacob Lemon, COOE).

Commercial-in-Confidence Page 5 Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade Proposal for Vegetation Clearance Assessment 2017

Caladenia behrii, previously referred to as Arachnorchis behrii and Caladenia patersonii, is listed as Endangered under the EPBC Act (DOE 2017). Generally, the Pink-lipped Spider-orchid is distinguishable by its creamy coloured flowers on tall stems, crimson labellum mid-lobe and burnt spice scent (Bates 2011). The 2017 survey recorded 149 individuals within the Bassnet Road survey area.

Habitat

Populations of this species have been known to occur in fertile, shallow loams, amongst Long-leaved Box (Eucalyptus goniocalyx)/Pink Gum (E. fasciculosa) woodland and amongst Messmate (E. obliqua)/Grey Box (E. microcarpa)/Yellow Gum (E. laucoxlyon) woodland. The understorey is usually open and shrubby, with typical plants including Large-leaf Bush-pea (Pultenaea daphnoides), Twiggy Bush-pea (P. largiflorens), Dusty Miller (Spyridium parvifolium), Golden Wattle (Acacia pycnantha), Beaked Hakea (Hakea rostrata) and Erect Hakea (H. carinata). The Pink-lipped Spider-orchid has also been recorded amongst Pink Gum and Yaccas (Xanthorrhoea semiplana) (Bates 1994).

The Pink-lipped spider-orchid is generally found in quartzite-derived soils on steep south facing slopes, but also on ridge tops and occasionally near creek beds, often growing alongside bushwalking paths, vehicle tracks or roads due to the openness of these locations (DOE 2017).

Populations

It is believed that prior to European settlement, the Pink-lipped Spider-orchid was widespread and relatively common throughout the Mount Lofty Ranges (Bates 1994). The species is currently known to be confined to the higher parts of the Mount Lofty Ranges (Bates 2011). An extensive survey conducted in 1998 (Bickerton 1999) found 1980 mature plants of this species existing in 19 populations; 13 in the Kersbrook/Williamstown region, and six in the Belair/Clarendon region (DOE 2017). Four of the outlying populations were thought to be close to extinction, with very irregular sightings of mature plants. Ten populations were found to have less than 20 mature plants, and another five had less than 70. Only four populations were thought to be viable; Para Wirra Recreation Park (estimated 580 mature plants), Mt. Gawler Forest (461 located at nine separate sites), Warren CP (4276) and Kersbrook Forest (142) (DOE 2017). Detailed population information can be found at the DOE’s online Species Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).

Threats

Threats to viable populations of C. behrii include:

• habitat loss and modification • grazing and weeds • human activities.

The main reason for the decline of the species is the loss of habitat due to land clearance (DOE 2017). Clearance of land for housing and agriculture has led to habitat fragmentation, and, as a consequence, some populations have become extinct whilst others are in decline. Currently, populations are small and highly fragmented. In 1999, ten populations were known to be so small (with less than 20 mature plants in each) that they were considered likely to become extinct, due to low genetic viability, unless immediate and appropriate action was taken (DOE 2017).

Fragmentation of suitable remnant vegetation has led to a reduction of habitat quality and it is thought that pollinator numbers have been reduced as a result (DOE 2017). The Thynnid wasps that pollinate C. behrii do not search for or receive food from orchids but forage from nectar-producing flowers such as Hakea spp., Leptospermum spp. and Eucalyptus spp. (DOE 2017). Therefore, the

Commercial-in-Confidence Page 6 Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade Proposal for Vegetation Clearance Assessment 2017 survival of the orchid depends on healthy remnant vegetation which contains a diversity of these food sources for the pollinator (DOE 2017).

In addition, C. behrii is very sensitive to grazing by native and introduced vertebrates, and does not persist in weed infested areas. Other threats include road works, vehicular activity, illegal collection, and trampling by mountain bike riders, horses and bushwalkers (DOE 2017).

4.2 Thelymitra grandiflora (Giant Sun-orchid)

Thelymitra grandiflora, previously included with T. aristata, is listed as Rare under the NPW Act. Among the many similar plain blue species, it is possibly the least difficult to identify because of its size and the lemony colouration of its central sex parts. The 2017 survey recorded three individuals within the Bassnet Road survey area.

Plate 1: Thelymitra grandiflora on Bassnet Road (Photograph courtesy of Jacob Lemon, COOE).

Habitat

Apparently endemic to South Australia, mostly in the Mount Lofty Ranges and Southern Flinders Ranges, but also recorded for the Yorke Peninsula and Kangaroo Island where possibly now extinct (Jeanes 2011). No plants have been found at the single site on Yorke Peninsula for 20 years, and there is no suitable habitat remaining. Similarly, local experts have been searching on Kangaroo Island for around 20 years with no success. T. grandiflora occurs on hard clay or gravelly soils in open forest and scrubland especially in rocky places (Bates 1990).

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Threats

Threats to T. grandiflora are the same for other orchids in South Australia: habitat loss, pollinator loss due to misuse of insecticides, weed invasion, misuse of herbicides and grazing.

5. REFERENCES

Bates, RJ 2011. South Australia's Native Orchids. Compact disc. Native Orchid Society of South Australia.

Bates, RJ 1994. Recovery plan for Pink-lip Spider Orchid Caladenia behrii Schldl. Unpublished. Lodged with the Department of Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs.

Bates, RJ & Weber, JZ 1990. Orchids of South Australia. Flora and Fauna of South Australia Handbooks Committee, Adelaide.

DOE 2017. Caladenia behrii in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment (DOE), Canberra. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/sprat. Accessed Mon, 16 Oct 2017.

DOE 2013. Survey Guidelines for Australia’s Threatened Orchids: Guidelines for Detecting Orchids Listed as ‘’Threatened’ under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Draft guidelines developed by the Australian Government’s Department of the Environment (DOE). Accessed from http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/draft-survey-guidelines-australias- threatened-orchids, on 5 October 2017.

Jeanes, JA 2011. Resolution of the Thelymitra aristata (Orchidaceae) complex of south-eastern Australia. Muelleria 29(2): 110-129 (2011).

Natural Resources Adelaide and Mt Lofty Ranges 2013. Common native orchids of the Adelaide Hills – Identification chart and Adelaide Hills flowering calendar. Accessed from http://www.naturalresources.sa.gov.au/adelaidemtloftyranges, on 5 October 2017.

Commercial-in-Confidence Page 8 Bassnet Road and Glenburnie Road Upgrade Proposal for Vegetation Clearance Assessment 2017

APPENDICES

Appendix A: COOE Orchid Survey Records (10 October 2017)

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Latitude Longitude Orchid ID No. Comments -34.711033 138.833234 Caladenia tentaculata 2 -34.711076 138.83318 Glossodia major >20 Species found all along the northern 0.6km -34.711279 138.833041 Microtis sp. 10 -34.711428 138.833022 Caladenia tentaculata 10 -34.711515 138.832947 Caladenia behrii 1 Listed as Endangered in EPBC, SA and AMLR -34.7117 138.832866 Microtis sp. 1 -34.711754 138.83284 Caladenia tentaculata 1 -34.71184 138.832794 Caladenia tentaculata 10 -34.71193 138.832728 Thelymitra grandiflora 1 Listed as Rare in SA -34.711941 138.83272 Glossodia major >30 -34.71207 138.832679 Microtis sp. 5 -34.712087 138.832668 Caladenia behrii 20 Largest known patch in South Australia found in adjacent Woodland -34.712133 138.832676 Corybas sp. 25> Large mat, not in flower as too late in the season -34.712148 138.832639 Caladenia reticulata 5 -34.71223 138.832613 Caladenia tentaculata 4 -34.712257 138.832606 Caladenia behrii 2 -34.712283 138.832529 Corybas sp. >30 Large mat -34.712326 138.832559 Pterostylis plumosa 2 -34.712376 138.832547 Caladenia behrii 2 -34.712457 138.832503 Caladenia behrii 1 -34.712508 138.8325 Glossodia major >20 -34.712553 138.832504 Corybas sp. >25 -34.712678 138.83249 Thelymitra rubra 10 -34.712779 138.832441 Microtis sp. 5 -34.712762 138.83249 Caladenia tentaculata 3 -34.712747 138.832479 Caladenia reticulata 1 -34.712775 138.832476 Caladenia leptochila 5 Grazed, possibly by kangaroos -34.712826 138.832529 Calochilus sp. 1 Noted as 'Northern Woodland Form' -34.713124 138.832542 Glossodia major >40 -34.713289 138.832564 Thelymitra sp. 10 -34.71334 138.832588 Thelymitra rubra 1 -34.713883 138.832815 Diuris pardina 10 In seed -34.714024 138.832851 Diuris pardina 3 -34.71446 138.832928 Microtis sp. 3 -34.714418 138.83292 Caladenia behrii 20 -34.714452 138.833002 Thelymitra pauciflora 1 -34.71453 138.833045 Caladenia behrii 1 -34.714704 138.833055 Caladenia behrii 1 -34.714704 138.833055 Pterostylis nutans 20 -34.71511 138.833462 Caladenia behrii 10 -34.715219 138.833486 Caladenia behrii 1 -34.715045 138.833454 Caladenia behrii 20

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Latitude Longitude Orchid ID No. Comments -34.714967 138.833444 Pterostylis nutans 5 -34.714701 138.833327 Caladenia behrii 10 -34.714264 138.833081 Glossodia major 20 -34.714159 138.83301 Caladenia behrii 5 -34.714022 138.832942 Caladenia behrii 10 Not being pollinated, however the required wasp for pollination is around -34.714022 138.832942 Thelymitra albiflora -34.714022 138.832942 Glossodia major 30 -34.713901 138.832906 Caladenia behrii 10 -34.713833 138.832944 Caladenia tentaculata 30 -34.713754 138.832847 Glossodia major 30> -34.713641 138.832827 Caladenia behrii 10 Echidna diggings evident -34.713535 138.832782 Microtis frutetorum 1 -34.713456 138.832805 Thelymitra albiflora 1 -34.713456 138.832805 Glossodia major 30> -34.71344 138.832798 Pterostylis nutans 10 -34.713262 138.832746 Caladenia carnea -34.713244 138.83272 Microtis parviflora 6 -34.713154 138.832648 Thelymitra latifolia 1 -34.713051 138.832667 Thelymitra rubra 1 -34.713051 138.832667 Microtis sp. 4 -34.713051 138.832667 Caladenia behrii 15 -34.713012 138.832633 Corybas sp. >20 -34.712959 138.832623 Pterostylis nana 20 -34.712959 138.832623 Thelymitra rubra 1 -34.712959 138.832623 Glossodia major >30 -34.712649 138.8326 Microtis sp. 1 -34.712492 138.83263 Caladenia behrii 5 -34.712356 138.832666 Microtis sp. 2 -34.712284 138.832744 Caladenia behrii x rigida 1 Hybrid species -34.712284 138.832744 Diuris pardina 2 -34.712284 138.832744 Caladenia behrii 2 -34.711835 138.832931 Caladenia reticulata 10 -34.711835 138.832931 Thelymitra rubra 10 -34.711835 138.832931 Glossodia major >20 -34.711703 138.833017 Thelymitra rubra 1 -34.711459 138.833108 Caladenia behrii 2 -34.711459 138.833108 Corybas incurvus 1 -34.711459 138.833108 Diuris orientis 6 -34.710774 138.83346 Microtis parviflora 1 -34.710754 138.833612 Glossodia major >30 -34.710754 138.833612 Microtis parviflora 1 -34.710754 138.833612 Pterostylis nutans 2 -34.710754 138.833612 Diuris pardina 2

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Latitude Longitude Orchid ID No. Comments -34.710415 138.833836 Microtis parviflora 20 -34.710563 138.833739 Microtis sp. 1 -34.710273 138.833942 Thelymitra grandiflora 1 -34.710273 138.833942 Thelymitra rubra 20 -34.710273 138.833942 Caladenia tentaculata 5 -34.71047 138.833057 Diuris pardina 5 -34.71047 138.833057 Glossodia major >30 -34.710336 138.83298 Thelymitra rubra 10 -34.716446 138.829036 Pterostylis sp. 5 Outside of 50m zone, undescribed species. -34.716767 138.828259 Microtis parviflora 1 -34.716983 138.827953 Microtis parviflora 20 -34.720918 138.827891 Microtis parviflora 12 -34.72119 138.827871 Microtis parviflora 10 -34.721234 138.827781 Caladenia behrii 1 -34.721234 138.827781 Microtis parviflora 20 -34.720739 138.827923 Thelymitra grandiflora 1 -34.720739 138.827923 Glossodia major >20 -34.720739 138.827923 Microtis parviflora 20 -34.728475 138.821833 Diuris pardina 1

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Appendix B: COOE Orchid Survey Photographs (10 October 2017)

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Caladenia behrii x rigida (hybrid) Caladenia carnea

Caladenia reticulata Caladenia tentaculata

Calochilus sp. Diuris pardina

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Glossodia major Microtis sp.

Pterostylis nutans Pterostylis sp.

Thelymitra rubra Pink Gum/Long-leaf Box Gum vegetation

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Pink Gum/Long-leaved Box Gum with Pink Gum/Long-leaved Box Gum with understory of Pultenaea and grass tree. understory of Hibbertia.

Blue Gum grassy woodland with Golden Wattle Long-leaved Box Gum with Golden Wattle and and understory of native lillies. understory of Hibbertia.

Commercial-in-Confidence Page 16 Bushland Assessment Scoresheet (Small Sites)

Block A ASSESSOR(S) Jeremy Tiller Size of Block (Ha) 3 NRM Region Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges DATE OF ASSESSMENT 30/01/2018 IBRA Association Para

Map of the Block (Including the Sites)

Landscape Context Scores Distance to remnant area of more than 50 hectares (km) enter 0km for contiguous 0.00 Percent Vegetation Cover (5km radius) (%) 53 >3km = 0 pts; 1-3km = 0.01 pt; <1km = 0.02 pts; 0-5% = 0 pts; >5-10% = 0.01 pts; >10-25% = 0.02 pts; contiguous = 0.03 pts Score 0.03 >25-50% = 0.03 pts; >50-75% = 0.01 pt; >75-100% = 0 pts Score 0.01 % native veg. remaining in IBRA Assoc. 31 0-2% = 0.05 pts; >2-5% = 0.04 pts; >5-10% = 0.03 pts; Block Shape Cleared perimeter:Area (km/km2) >10-20%= 0.02 pts; >20-50%= 0.01 pt; >50% = 0 pts Cleared Perimeter (m) = 0 Score 0.01 Cleared Perimeter to area ratio 0.00 <6 = 0.03 pts; 6 to <12 = 0.02 pts; 12 to <18 = 0.01 pt % native veg. protected IBRA Assoc. 47 Score 0.03 0-5% = 0.03 pts; >5-10% = 0.02 pts; >10-25% = 0.01 pt; >25% = 0 Score 0 Size of remnant patch (incl. native veg on adjacent properties) (Hectares) 26261 Wetland or Riparian Habitat present Patch size less than 2 ha = 0 pts; Patch size 2-5 ha = 0.01 pt; Riparian zone present (Yes/No) = 0.02 pt No Patch size 5-10 ha = 0.02 pts; Patch size 10-20 ha = 0.03 pts; Swamp/wetland present (Yes/No) = 0.03 pts No Patch size 20-100 ha = 0.04 pts; Patch size >100 ha = 0.05 pts; (Swamp/wetland may be +/- riparian zone) Score 0.05 Score 0

Note; Blocks will score a minimum Landscape Context Score of 1 LANDSCAPE CONTEXT SCORE (max 1.25) 1.13 Plant Species Recorded (Native and Introduced) Threatened Sp. Introduced Species Common Name EPBC SA Species EucalyptusEucalyptus leucoxylon leucoxylon ssp. ssp. leucoxylon leucoxylon South Australian Blue Gum EucalyptusEucalyptus camaldulensisgoniocalyx goniocalyx ssp. ssp. ssp. goniocalyx goniocalyx Long-leaf Box camaldulensisEucalyptus camaldulensis ssp. camaldulenRiver Red Gum EucalyptusEucalyptus fasciculosa fasciculosa Pink Gum R AcaciaAcacia pycnantha pycnantha Golden Wattle AcaciaAcacia paradoxa paradoxa Kangaroo Thorn AcaciaAcacia continua continua Thorn Wattle AcaciaAcacia myrtifolia myrtifolia Myrtle Wattle AmyemaAmyema miquelii miquelii Box Mistletoe DodonaeaDodonaea viscosa viscosa ssp. ssp. spatulata spatulata Sticky Hop-bush CassythaCassytha glabella glabella f. disparf. dispar Slender Dodder-laurel OleariaOlearia ramulosa ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush CalostemmaCalostemma purpureum purpureum Pink Garland-lily SenecioSenecio phelleus phelleus Woodland Groundsel SenecioSenecio quadridentatus quadridentatus Cotton Groundsel LomandraLomandra multiflora multiflora ssp. ssp. dura dura Hard Mat-rush GonocarpusGonocarpus elatus elatus Hill Raspwort GonocarpusGonocarpus tetragynus tetragynus Small-leaf Raspwort JuncusJuncus subsecundus subsecundus Finger Rush LepidospermaLepidosperma carphoides carphoides Black Rapier-sedge LepidospermaLepidosperma semiteres semiteres Wire Rapier-sedge SenecioSenecio picridioides picridioides Purple-leaf Groundsel HibbertiaHibbertia exutiacies exutiacies Prickly Guinea-flower HibbertiaHibbertia sericea sericea Silky Guinea-flower AstrolomaAstroloma conostephioides conostephioides Flame Heath DaviesiaDaviesia leptophylla leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea JuncusJuncus pallidus pallidus Pale Rush LeptospermumLeptospermum continentale continentale Prickly Tea-tree CryptandraCryptandra tomentosa tomentosa Heath Cryptandra LeucopogonLeucopogon virgatus virgatus var. var. virgatus virgatus Common Beard-heath LissantheLissanthe strigosa strigosa ssp. ssp. subulata subulata Peach Heath PultenaeaPultenaea largiflorens largiflorens Twiggy Bush-pea XanthorrhoeaXanthorrhoea semiplana semiplana ssp. ssp. semiplana semiplana Yacca RytidospermaRytidosperma geniculatum geniculatum Kneed Wallaby-grass RytidospermaRytidosperma sp. sp. AustrostipaAustrostipa mollis mollis Soft Spear-grass AustrostipaAustrostipa sp. sp. Spear-grass AllocasuarinaAllocasuarina verticillata verticillata Drooping Sheoak DiurisDiuris pardina pardina Spotted Donkey-orchid MicrotisMicrotis parviflora parviflora Slender Onion-orchid CaladeniaCaladenia behrii behrii Pink-lip Spider-orchid EN E GlossodiaGlossodia major major Purple Cockatoo PterostylisPterostylis sp. sp. Greenhood MicrotisMicrotis sp. sp. Onion-orchid PterostylisPterostylis nutans nutans Nodding Greenhood ThelymitraThelymitra pauciflora pauciflora Slender Sun-orchid ThelymitraThelymitra grandiflora grandiflora Great Sun-orchid R DianellaDianella revoluta revoluta var. var. revoluta revoluta Black-anther Flax-lily AvenaAvena barbata barbata Bearded Oat * PhalarisPhalaris sp. sp. Canary Grass * BrizaBriza maxima maxima Large Quaking-grass * PlantagoPlantago lanceolata lanceolata var. var. lanceolata lanceolata Ribwort * PentamerisPentameris pallida pallida Pussy Tail * Cynosurus echinatus Pentameris pallida CynosurusCynosurus echinatus echinatus Rough Dog's-tail Grass * CynodonCynodon dactylon dactylon var. var. dactylon dactylon Couch * FraxinusFraxinus angustifolia angustifolia ssp. ssp. angustifolia angustifolia Desert Ash * ScabiosaScabiosa atropurpurea atropurpurea Pincushion * RosaRosa canina canina Dog Rose * OleaOlea europaea europaea ssp. ssp. Olive * GomphocarpusGomphocarpus sp. sp. Cotton-bush * CarthamusCarthamus lanatus lanatus Saffron Thistle * SenecioSenecio pterophorus pterophorus African Daisy * Threatened or Introduced Animal Species Recorded or Observed Threatened (Native and Introduced) Species Introduced Species Common Name EPBC SA Past Record Observed Species GymnorhinaGymnorhina tibicen tibicen Australian Magpie Yes FalcunculusFalcunculus frontatus frontatus Crested Shriketit R Yes NeophemaNeophema elegans elegans Elegant Parrot R Yes CalyptorhynchusCalyptorhynchus funereus funereus Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo V Yes Yes PlatycercusPlatycercus eximius eximius Eastern Rosella Yes

Vegetation Condition Scores SITE: A1 VEGETATION ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon and Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx woodland SIZE OF SITE (Ha) 2.5

Native Plant species diversity Regeneration Score the diversity of species present in the site as a proportion to No regeneration present (0 Points) TRUE what would be expected in a vegetation of that community in very good condition (approaching a pre-European state) Very low regeneration, consisting of highly scattered <5% (3 Points) FALSE juvinile plants of a limited number of species (3 points) ##### 5-10% (6 Points) FALSE Regeneration present, consisting of multiple individual 11 - 20% (9 Points) FALSE juvinile plants but a limited number of species (6 points) 21 - 30% (12 Points) FALSE TRUE 31 - 40 % (15 Points) FALSE Multiple species regenerating, but low numbers of 41 - 50% (18 Points) FALSE juvenile plants (9 points) TRUE 51 - 60% (21 Points) FALSE Multiple species regenerating with multiple individual juviniles present with varying age classes (12 points) 61 - 70% (24 Points) FALSE ##### 71 - 80% (27 Points) FALSE Regeneration Score (Max 12) 9 >80% (30 Points) TRUE Native Plant species diversity score (max score of 30) 30 Native Plant life form All strata of vegetation heavily impacted and native Weed Scores vegetation represented by only scattered plants (4 Does the site contain plant species declared under the points) ##### NRM Act 2004 (1.5 points) TRUE All strata of vegetation impacted with limited structural Cover rating for all declared weeds (max of 6) 1 diversity, largely uniform age classes and reduced Does the site contain environmental weeds (introduced vegetation cover (8 points) ##### plants with the capacity to invade and exclude native At least one strata of vegetation has been impacted, species from bushland. This typically includes species with with reduced structural diversity, elements may be a BCM weed threat rating of 3, 4 or 5). (1 Point) TRUE missing (such as plant species that provide specific structural features e.g. sedges or mid layer shrubs) Cover rating for all environmental weeds (max of 6) 3 and reduce vegetation cover (12 points) TRUE Weed Score (max score of 15) 10.5 Limited impacts on native vegetation, with a diversity of structural features and a varied age class, with only Is the community naturally treeless? FALSE a minor loss in structurally diversity, vegetation cover Tree Health Score (max 5) 4 or structural elements (16 points) ##### Fallen timber/debris (max 5) 3.5 All strata of vegetation present, little or no sign of Hollow-bearing trees Score (max 5) 2 disturbance. A variety of life forms and associated age classes present. Vegetation cover near complete (20 Native:exotic Understorey biomass score (max 3) 1 points) ##### Bare Ground Score (max 5) 3 Native Plant life form score (max 20) 12

Vegetation Condition Score calculation Positive Vegetation Attributes Score = Native species diversity + Regeneration + Native Plant Life Forms + Native:exotic understorey biomass + Tree health + Fallen timber/debris + Hollow-bearing trees If the community is naturally treeless this score is multiplied by 1.23 61.50 Negative Vegetation Attributes Score = Weeds + Bare ground 13.50 VEGETATION CONDITION SCORE (Positive veg attributes x ((Negative vegetation attributes + 60) / 80)) 56.50 Low Medium High Vegetation0.7062891 Condition0 Score Native Plant Species Diversity Fallen timber0.7 0 Weed Score Tree Hollows0.4 1 Tree Health 0.8 0 Native Plant Life Forms Bare Ground 0.6 0 Regeneration Native:exotic0.3333333 Understorey1 Biomass Regeneration0.75 0 Native:exotic Understorey Biomass Native Plant Life0.6 Forms0 Bare Ground Weed Score 0.7 0 Tree Health Native Plant Species1 0 Diversity

Tree Hollows

Fallen timber

Vegetation Condition Score Conservation Significance Score Is the vegetation association considered a Threatened Ecological community or Ecosystem? Yes/No State (Provisional List of Threatened Ecosystems of SA) Rare community (0.05 pt) FALSE State (Provisional List of Threatened Ecosystems of SA) Vulnerable community (0.1 pts) FALSE State (Provisional List of Threatened Ecosystems of SA) Endangered community (0.15 pts) FALSE Nationally (EPBC Act) Vulnerable community (0.2 pts) FALSE Contains a Nationally (EPBC Act) Endangered or Critically Endangered community (0.3 pts) FALSE Note; all sites will score a minimum Conservation Significance Score of 1 Score 1

Number of Threatened Plant Species recorded for the site (within the site) Number *If a species has both a State (NP&W Act) and National (EPBC Act) rating, it's only recorded for its National rating. State Rare species recorded (1 pt each) 2 State Vulnerable species recorded (2.5 pt each) 0 State Endangered recorded (5 pts each) 0 Nationally Vulnerable species recorded (10 pts each) 0 Nationally Endangered or Critically endangered species recorded (20 pts each) 1 0 = 0 pts; <2 = 0.02 pts; 2 - <5 = 0.04 pts; 5 - <10 = 0.06 pts; 10 - <20 = 0.08pts; 20 or < = 0.1 pts 22 Score 0.1

Potential habitat for Threatened Animal Species (number observed or previously recorded) Number *If a species has both a State (NP&W Act) and National (EPBC Act) rating, it's only recorded for its National rating. State Rare species observed or locally recorded (1 pt each) 2 State Vulnerable species observed or locally recorded (2.5 pt each) 1 State Endangered species observed or locally recorded (5 pt each) 0 Nationally Vulnerable species observed or locally recorded (10 pts each) 0 Nationally Endangered or Critically endangered species observed or locally recorded (20 pts each) 0 0 = 0 pts; <2 = 0.02 pts; 2 - <5 = 0.04 pts; 5 - <10 = 0.06 pts; 10 - <20 = 0.08pts; 20 or < = 0.1 pts 4.5 Score 0.04

CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE SCORE 1.14

Total Scores for the Site Vegetation Condition x Landscape Context x Score Conservation Significance = LANDSCAPE CONTEXT SCORE 1.13 UNIT BIODIVERSITY SCORE 72.79 VEGETATION CONDITION SCORE 56.50 Total Biodiversity Score CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE SCORE 1.14 (Biodiversity Score x hectares) 181.97

Photo Point and Vegetation Survey Location Direction of the Photo

South GPS Reference (Eastings and Northings)

Lat: -34.717 Lon: 138.8281 Description Insert Photopoint Photo

Representation of Site A1 in Block A

Assessment for Clearance SEB Points required 191.07 Loss Factor 1.0 Hectares required 23.88 Loadings for clearance of protected areas Mean Annual rainfall for the site (mm) 707 Reductions for rehabilitation of impact site Payment into the fund $168,855.22 SEB Points of loss 181.97 Administration fee $8,442.76 Bushland Assessment Scoresheet (Small Sites)

Block A ASSESSOR(S) Jeremy Tiller Size of Block (Ha) 3 NRM Region Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges DATE OF ASSESSMENT 30/01/2018 IBRA Association Para

Map of the Block (Including the Sites)

Note; Blocks will score a minimum Landscape Context Score of 1 LANDSCAPE CONTEXT SCORE (max 1.25) 1.13 Plant Species Recorded (Native and Introduced) Threatened Sp. Introduced Species Common Name EPBC SA Species EucalyptusEucalyptus goniocalyx goniocalyx ssp. ssp. goniocalyx goniocalyx Long-leaf Box EucalyptusEucalyptus fasciculosa fasciculosa Pink Gum R EucalyptusEucalyptus leucoxylon leucoxylon ssp. ssp. leucoxylon leucoxylon South Australian Blue Gum HakeaHakea rostrata rostrata Beaked Hakea AcaciaAcacia pycnantha pycnantha Golden Wattle AcaciaAcacia paradoxa paradoxa Kangaroo Thorn AcaciaAcacia myrtifolia myrtifolia Myrtle Wattle AmyemaAmyema miquelii miquelii Box Mistletoe DodonaeaDodonaea viscosa viscosa ssp. ssp. spatulata spatulata Sticky Hop-bush DaviesiaDaviesia leptophylla leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea LeptospermumLeptospermum continentale continentale Prickly Tea-tree DianellaDianella revoluta revoluta var. var. revoluta revoluta Black-anther Flax-lily CassythaCassytha glabella glabella f. disparf. dispar Slender Dodder-laurel OleariaOlearia ramulosa ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush SenecioSenecio phelleus phelleus Woodland Groundsel SenecioSenecio quadridentatus quadridentatus Cotton Groundsel LomandraLomandra multiflora multiflora ssp. ssp. dura dura Hard Mat-rush GonocarpusGonocarpus elatus elatus Hill Raspwort AllocasuarinaAllocasuarina verticillata verticillata Drooping Sheoak AllocasuarinaAllocasuarina muelleriana muelleriana ssp. ssp. muelleriana muellerianaCommon Oak-bush AustrostipaAustrostipa mollis mollis Soft Spear-grass AustrostipaAustrostipa sp. sp. Spear-grass LeucopogonLeucopogon virgatus virgatus var. var. virgatus virgatus Common Beard-heath LissantheLissanthe strigosa strigosa ssp. ssp. subulata subulata Peach Heath PultenaeaPultenaea largiflorens largiflorens Twiggy Bush-pea XanthorrhoeaXanthorrhoea semiplana semiplana ssp. ssp. semiplana semiplana Yacca RytidospermaRytidosperma sp. sp. RytidospermaRytidosperma geniculatum geniculatum Kneed Wallaby-grass CryptandraCryptandra tomentosa tomentosa Heath Cryptandra LepidospermaLepidosperma carphoides carphoides Black Rapier-sedge LepidospermaLepidosperma semiteres semiteres Wire Rapier-sedge AstrolomaAstroloma conostephioides conostephioides Flame Heath HibbertiaHibbertia exutiacies exutiacies Prickly Guinea-flower HibbertiaHibbertia sericea sericea Silky Guinea-flower DaviesiaDaviesia leptophylla leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea CaladeniaCaladenia behrii behrii Pink-lip Spider-orchid EN E CaladeniaCaladenia carnea carnea Pink Fingers CaladeniaCaladenia leptochila leptochila ssp. ssp. leptochila leptochila Narrow-lip Spider-orchid CaladeniaCaladenia reticulata reticulata Veined Spider-orchid CaladeniaCaladenia tentaculata tentaculata King Spider-orchid CalochilusCalochilus sp. sp. Beard-orchid CorybasCorybas incurvus incurvus Slaty Helmet-orchid CorybasCorybas sp. sp. Helmet-orchid DiurisDiuris orientis orientis Wallflower Donkey-orchid DiurisDiuris pardina pardina Spotted Donkey-orchid GlossodiaGlossodia major major Purple Cockatoo MicrotisMicrotis frutetorum frutetorum MicrotisMicrotis parviflora parviflora Slender Onion-orchid MicrotisMicrotis sp. sp. Onion-orchid PterostylisPterostylis nana nana Dwarf Greenhood PterostylisPterostylis nutans nutans Nodding Greenhood PterostylisPterostylis plumosa plumosa Bearded Greenhood PterostylisPterostylis sp. sp. Greenhood Thelymitra albiflora Pterostylis sp. ThelymitraThelymitra albiflora albiflora ThelymitraThelymitra grandiflora grandiflora Great Sun-orchid R ThelymitraThelymitra latifolia latifolia Blue Star Sun-orchid V ThelymitraThelymitra pauciflora pauciflora Slender Sun-orchid ThelymitraThelymitra rubra rubra Salmon Sun-orchid ThelymitraThelymitra sp. sp. Sun-orchid AvenaAvena barbata barbata Bearded Oat * PentamerisPentameris pallida pallida Pussy Tail * BrizaBriza maxima maxima Large Quaking-grass * OleaOlea europaea europaea ssp. ssp. Olive * CarthamusCarthamus lanatus lanatus Saffron Thistle * SenecioSenecio pterophorus pterophorus African Daisy * Threatened or Introduced Animal Species Recorded or Observed Threatened (Native and Introduced) Species Introduced Species Common Name EPBC SA Past Record Observed Species GymnorhinaGymnorhina tibicen tibicen Australian Magpie Yes FalcunculusFalcunculus frontatus frontatus Crested Shriketit R Yes NeophemaNeophema elegans elegans Elegant Parrot R Yes CalyptorhynchusCalyptorhynchus funereus funereus Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo V Yes Yes PlatycercusPlatycercus eximius eximius Eastern Rosella Yes

Vegetation Condition Scores SITE: A2 VEGETATION ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx +/- Eucalyptus fasciculosa woodland SIZE OF SITE (Ha) 0.5

Native Plant species diversity Regeneration Score the diversity of species present in the site as a proportion to No regeneration present (0 Points) ##### what would be expected in a vegetation of that community in very good condition (approaching a pre-European state) Very low regeneration, consisting of highly scattered <5% (3 Points) FALSE juvinile plants of a limited number of species (3 points) ##### 5-10% (6 Points) FALSE Regeneration present, consisting of multiple individual 11 - 20% (9 Points) FALSE juvinile plants but a limited number of species (6 points) 21 - 30% (12 Points) FALSE TRUE 31 - 40 % (15 Points) FALSE Multiple species regenerating, but low numbers of 41 - 50% (18 Points) FALSE juvenile plants (9 points) ##### 51 - 60% (21 Points) FALSE Multiple species regenerating with multiple individual juviniles present with varying age classes (12 points) 61 - 70% (24 Points) FALSE ##### 71 - 80% (27 Points) FALSE Regeneration Score (Max 12) 6 >80% (30 Points) TRUE Native Plant species diversity score (max score of 30) 30 Native Plant life form All strata of vegetation heavily impacted and native Weed Scores vegetation represented by only scattered plants (4 Does the site contain plant species declared under the points) ##### NRM Act 2004 (1.5 points) TRUE All strata of vegetation impacted with limited structural Cover rating for all declared weeds (max of 6) 1 diversity, largely uniform age classes and reduced Does the site contain environmental weeds (introduced vegetation cover (8 points) ##### plants with the capacity to invade and exclude native At least one strata of vegetation has been impacted, species from bushland. This typically includes species with with reduced structural diversity, elements may be a BCM weed threat rating of 3, 4 or 5). (1 Point) TRUE missing (such as plant species that provide specific structural features e.g. sedges or mid layer shrubs) Cover rating for all environmental weeds (max of 6) 2 and reduce vegetation cover (12 points) ##### Weed Score (max score of 15) 11.5 Limited impacts on native vegetation, with a diversity of structural features and a varied age class, with only Is the community naturally treeless? FALSE a minor loss in structurally diversity, vegetation cover Tree Health Score (max 5) 3 or structural elements (16 points) ##### Fallen timber/debris (max 5) 3 All strata of vegetation present, little or no sign of Hollow-bearing trees Score (max 5) 2 disturbance. A variety of life forms and associated age classes present. Vegetation cover near complete (20 Native:exotic Understorey biomass score (max 3) 3 points) TRUE Bare Ground Score (max 5) 4 Native Plant life form score (max 20) 20

Vegetation Condition Score calculation Positive Vegetation Attributes Score = Native species diversity + Regeneration + Native Plant Life Forms + Native:exotic understorey biomass + Tree health + Fallen timber/debris + Hollow-bearing trees If the community is naturally treeless this score is multiplied by 1.23 67.00 Negative Vegetation Attributes Score = Weeds + Bare ground 15.50 VEGETATION CONDITION SCORE (Positive veg attributes x ((Negative vegetation attributes + 60) / 80)) 63.23 Low Medium High Vegetation0.7903906 Condition0 Score Native Plant Species Diversity Fallen timber0.6 0 Weed Score Tree Hollows0.4 1 Tree Health 0.6 0 Native Plant Life Forms Bare Ground 0.8 0 Regeneration Native:exotic Understorey1 0 Biomass Regeneration0.5 1 Native:exotic Understorey Biomass Native Plant Life1 Forms0 Bare Ground Weed0.7666667 Score 0 Native Plant Species1 0 Diversity Tree Health

Tree Hollows

Fallen timber

Number of Threatened Plant Species recorded for the site (within the site) Number *If a species has both a State (NP&W Act) and National (EPBC Act) rating, it's only recorded for its National rating. State Rare species recorded (1 pt each) 2 State Vulnerable species recorded (2.5 pt each) 1 State Endangered recorded (5 pts each) 0 Nationally Vulnerable species recorded (10 pts each) 0 Nationally Endangered or Critically endangered species recorded (20 pts each) 1 0 = 0 pts; <2 = 0.02 pts; 2 - <5 = 0.04 pts; 5 - <10 = 0.06 pts; 10 - <20 = 0.08pts; 20 or < = 0.1 pts 24.5 Score 0.1

CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE SCORE 1.14

Total Scores for the Site Vegetation Condition x Landscape Context x Score Conservation Significance = LANDSCAPE CONTEXT SCORE 1.13 UNIT BIODIVERSITY SCORE 81.45 VEGETATION CONDITION SCORE 63.23 Total Biodiversity Score CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE SCORE 1.14 (Biodiversity Score x hectares) 40.73

Photo Point and Vegetation Survey Location Direction of the Photo

South GPS Reference (Eastings and Northings)

Lat: -34.7107 Lon: 138.8335 Description Insert Photopoint Photo

Representation of Site A2 in Block A

Assessment for Clearance SEB Points required 42.76 Loss Factor 1.0 Hectares required 5.35 Loadings for clearance of protected areas Mean Annual rainfall for the site (mm) 686 Reductions for rehabilitation of impact site Payment into the fund $36,669.80 SEB Points of loss 40.73 Administration fee $1,833.49 Bushland Assessment Scoresheet (Small Sites)

Block A ASSESSOR(S) Jeremy Tiller Size of Block (Ha) 3 NRM Region Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges DATE OF ASSESSMENT 30/01/2018 IBRA Association Para

Map of the Block (Including the Sites)

Vegetation Condition Scores SITE: A1 VEGETATION ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. leucoxylon and Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx woodland SIZE OF SITE (Ha) 2.5

Native Plant species diversity Regeneration Score the diversity of species present in the site as a proportion to No regeneration present (0 Points) ##### what would be expected in a vegetation of that community in very good condition (approaching a pre-European state) Very low regeneration, consisting of highly scattered <5% (3 Points) FALSE juvinile plants of a limited number of species (3 points) ##### 5-10% (6 Points) FALSE Regeneration present, consisting of multiple individual 11 - 20% (9 Points) FALSE juvinile plants but a limited number of species (6 points) 21 - 30% (12 Points) FALSE TRUE 31 - 40 % (15 Points) FALSE Multiple species regenerating, but low numbers of 41 - 50% (18 Points) FALSE juvenile plants (9 points) TRUE 51 - 60% (21 Points) FALSE Multiple species regenerating with multiple individual 61 - 70% (24 Points) FALSE juviniles present with varying age classes (12 points) ##### 71 - 80% (27 Points) FALSE Regeneration Score (Max 12) 9 >80% (30 Points) TRUE Native Plant species diversity score (max score of 30) 30 Native Plant life form All strata of vegetation heavily impacted and native Weed Scores vegetation represented by only scattered plants (4 Does the site contain plant species declared under the points) ##### NRM Act 2004 (1.5 points) TRUE All strata of vegetation impacted with limited structural Cover rating for all declared weeds (max of 6) 1 diversity, largely uniform age classes and reduced Does the site contain environmental weeds (introduced vegetation cover (8 points) ##### plants with the capacity to invade and exclude native At least one strata of vegetation has been impacted, species from bushland. This typically includes species with with reduced structural diversity, elements may be a BCM weed threat rating of 3, 4 or 5). (1 Point) TRUE missing (such as plant species that provide specific structural features e.g. sedges or mid layer shrubs) Cover rating for all environmental weeds (max of 6) 3 and reduce vegetation cover (12 points) TRUE Weed Score (max score of 15) 10.5 Limited impacts on native vegetation, with a diversity of structural features and a varied age class, with only Is the community naturally treeless? FALSE a minor loss in structurally diversity, vegetation cover Tree Health Score (max 5) 4 or structural elements (16 points) ##### Fallen timber/debris (max 5) 3.5 All strata of vegetation present, little or no sign of Hollow-bearing trees Score (max 5) 2 disturbance. A variety of life forms and associated age classes present. Vegetation cover near complete (20 Native:exotic Understorey biomass score (max 3) 1 points) ##### Bare Ground Score (max 5) 3 Native Plant life form score (max 20) 12

Vegetation Condition Score calculation Positive Vegetation Attributes Score = Native species diversity + Regeneration + Native Plant Life Forms + Native:exotic understorey biomass + Tree health + Fallen timber/debris + Hollow-bearing trees If the community is naturally treeless this score is multiplied by 1.23 61.50 Negative Vegetation Attributes Score = Weeds + Bare ground 13.50 VEGETATION CONDITION SCORE (Positive veg attributes x ((Negative vegetation attributes + 60) / 80)) 56.50 Low Medium High Vegetation0.7062891 Condition0 Score Native Plant Species Diversity Fallen timber0.7 0 Weed Score Tree Hollows0.4 1 Tree Health 0.8 0 Native Plant Life Forms Bare Ground0.6 0 Regeneration Native:exotic0.3333333 Understorey1 Biomass Regeneration0.75 0 Native:exotic Understorey Biomass Native Plant Life0.6 Forms0 Bare Ground Weed Score 0.7 0 Native Plant Species1 0 Diversity Tree Health

Tree Hollows

Fallen timber

CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE SCORE 1.14

Photo Point and Vegetation Survey Location Direction of the Photo

South GPS Reference (Eastings and Northings)

Lat: -34.717 Lon: 138.8281 Description Insert Photopoint Photo

Representation of Site A1 in Block A

Block A ASSESSOR(S) Jeremy Tiller Size of Block (Ha) 3 NRM Region Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges DATE OF ASSESSMENT 30/01/2018 IBRA Association Para

Map of the Block (Including the Sites)

Note; Blocks will score a minimum Landscape Context Score of 1 LANDSCAPE CONTEXT SCORE (max 1.25) 1.13 Plant Species Recorded (Native and Introduced) Threatened Sp. Introduced Species Common Name EPBC SA Species EucalyptusEucalyptus goniocalyx goniocalyx ssp. ssp. goniocalyx goniocalyx Long-leaf Box EucalyptusEucalyptus fasciculosa fasciculosa Pink Gum R EucalyptusEucalyptus leucoxylon leucoxylon ssp. ssp. leucoxylon leucoxylon South Australian Blue Gum HakeaHakea rostrata rostrata Beaked Hakea AcaciaAcacia pycnantha pycnantha Golden Wattle AcaciaAcacia paradoxa paradoxa Kangaroo Thorn AcaciaAcacia myrtifolia myrtifolia Myrtle Wattle AmyemaAmyema miquelii miquelii Box Mistletoe DodonaeaDodonaea viscosa viscosa ssp. ssp. spatulata spatulata Sticky Hop-bush DaviesiaDaviesia leptophylla leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea LeptospermumLeptospermum continentale continentale Prickly Tea-tree DianellaDianella revoluta revoluta var. var. revoluta revoluta Black-anther Flax-lily CassythaCassytha glabella glabella f. disparf. dispar Slender Dodder-laurel OleariaOlearia ramulosa ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush SenecioSenecio phelleus phelleus Woodland Groundsel SenecioSenecio quadridentatus quadridentatus Cotton Groundsel LomandraLomandra multiflora multiflora ssp. ssp. dura dura Hard Mat-rush GonocarpusGonocarpus elatus elatus Hill Raspwort AllocasuarinaAllocasuarina verticillata verticillata Drooping Sheoak AllocasuarinaAllocasuarina muelleriana muelleriana ssp. ssp. muelleriana muellerianaCommon Oak-bush AustrostipaAustrostipa mollis mollis Soft Spear-grass AustrostipaAustrostipa sp. sp. Spear-grass LeucopogonLeucopogon virgatus virgatus var. var. virgatus virgatus Common Beard-heath LissantheLissanthe strigosa strigosa ssp. ssp. subulata subulata Peach Heath PultenaeaPultenaea largiflorens largiflorens Twiggy Bush-pea XanthorrhoeaXanthorrhoea semiplana semiplana ssp. ssp. semiplana semiplana Yacca RytidospermaRytidosperma sp. sp. RytidospermaRytidosperma geniculatum geniculatum Kneed Wallaby-grass CryptandraCryptandra tomentosa tomentosa Heath Cryptandra LepidospermaLepidosperma carphoides carphoides Black Rapier-sedge LepidospermaLepidosperma semiteres semiteres Wire Rapier-sedge AstrolomaAstroloma conostephioides conostephioides Flame Heath HibbertiaHibbertia exutiacies exutiacies Prickly Guinea-flower HibbertiaHibbertia sericea sericea Silky Guinea-flower DaviesiaDaviesia leptophylla leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea CaladeniaCaladenia behrii behrii Pink-lip Spider-orchid EN E CaladeniaCaladenia carnea carnea Pink Fingers CaladeniaCaladenia leptochila leptochila ssp. ssp. leptochila leptochila Narrow-lip Spider-orchid CaladeniaCaladenia reticulata reticulata Veined Spider-orchid CaladeniaCaladenia tentaculata tentaculata King Spider-orchid CalochilusCalochilus sp. sp. Beard-orchid CorybasCorybas incurvus incurvus Slaty Helmet-orchid CorybasCorybas sp. sp. Helmet-orchid DiurisDiuris orientis orientis Wallflower Donkey-orchid DiurisDiuris pardina pardina Spotted Donkey-orchid GlossodiaGlossodia major major Purple Cockatoo MicrotisMicrotis frutetorum frutetorum MicrotisMicrotis parviflora parviflora Slender Onion-orchid MicrotisMicrotis sp. sp. Onion-orchid PterostylisPterostylis nana nana Dwarf Greenhood PterostylisPterostylis nutans nutans Nodding Greenhood PterostylisPterostylis plumosa plumosa Bearded Greenhood PterostylisPterostylis sp. sp. Greenhood Thelymitra albiflora Pterostylis sp. ThelymitraThelymitra albiflora albiflora ThelymitraThelymitra grandiflora grandiflora Great Sun-orchid R ThelymitraThelymitra latifolia latifolia Blue Star Sun-orchid V ThelymitraThelymitra pauciflora pauciflora Slender Sun-orchid ThelymitraThelymitra rubra rubra Salmon Sun-orchid ThelymitraThelymitra sp. sp. Sun-orchid AvenaAvena barbata barbata Bearded Oat * PentamerisPentameris pallida pallida Pussy Tail * BrizaBriza maxima maxima Large Quaking-grass * OleaOlea europaea europaea ssp. ssp. Olive * CarthamusCarthamus lanatus lanatus Saffron Thistle * SenecioSenecio pterophorus pterophorus African Daisy * Threatened or Introduced Animal Species Recorded or Observed Threatened (Native and Introduced) Species Introduced Species Common Name EPBC SA Past Record Observed Species GymnorhinaGymnorhina tibicen tibicen Australian Magpie Yes FalcunculusFalcunculus frontatus frontatus Crested Shriketit R Yes NeophemaNeophema elegans elegans Elegant Parrot R Yes CalyptorhynchusCalyptorhynchus funereus funereus Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo V Yes Yes PlatycercusPlatycercus eximius eximius Eastern Rosella Yes

Vegetation Condition Scores SITE: A2 VEGETATION ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus goniocalyx ssp. goniocalyx +/- Eucalyptus fasciculosa woodland SIZE OF SITE (Ha) 0.5

Vegetation Condition Score calculation Positive Vegetation Attributes Score = Native species diversity + Regeneration + Native Plant Life Forms + Native:exotic understorey biomass + Tree health + Fallen timber/debris + Hollow-bearing trees If the community is naturally treeless this score is multiplied by 1.23 67.00 Negative Vegetation Attributes Score = Weeds + Bare ground 15.50 VEGETATION CONDITION SCORE (Positive veg attributes x ((Negative vegetation attributes + 60) / 80)) 63.23 Low Medium High Vegetation0.7903906 Condition0 Score Native Plant Species Diversity Fallen timber0.6 0 Weed Score Tree Hollows0.4 1 Tree Health 0.6 0 Native Plant Life Forms Bare Ground 0.8 0 Regeneration Native:exotic Understorey1 0 Biomass Regeneration0.5 1 Native:exotic Understorey Biomass Native Plant Life1 Forms0 Bare Ground Weed0.7666667 Score 0 Native Plant Species1 0 Diversity Tree Health

Tree Hollows

Fallen timber

Number of Threatened Plant Species recorded for the site (within the site) Number *If a species has both a State (NP&W Act) and National (EPBC Act) rating, it's only recorded for its National rating. State Rare species recorded (1 pt each) 2 State Vulnerable species recorded (2.5 pt each) 1 State Endangered recorded (5 pts each) 0 Nationally Vulnerable species recorded (10 pts each) 0 Nationally Endangered or Critically endangered species recorded (20 pts each) 1 0 = 0 pts; <2 = 0.02 pts; 2 - <5 = 0.04 pts; 5 - <10 = 0.06 pts; 10 - <20 = 0.08pts; 20 or < = 0.1 pts 24.5 Score 0.1

CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE SCORE 1.14

Photo Point and Vegetation Survey Location Direction of the Photo

South GPS Reference (Eastings and Northings)

Lat: -34.7107 Lon: 138.8335 Description Insert Photopoint Photo

Representation of Site A2 in Block A