Buddhi Dharma University Semiotics Analysis of Jonas

Home , Jonas Blue, Romans (musician)

BUDDHI DHARMA UNIVERSITY

SEMIOTICS ANALYSIS OF JONAS BLUE’S MUSIC VIDEO RISE THROUGH ROLAND BARTHES’ THEORY

Presented as a partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Undergraduate Program

Dennis Suswanto Kadiman 20150600019

FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES ENGLISH DEPARTMENT TANGERANG 2019

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

As the chance which is given to make this research happen,

The Researcher firstly wants to thank God and Tiratana for letting he did this research and finished it with all his best. Behind this research there are lot of people who support and also guide this research so the writer can finish the research well. So the researcher wants to say big thanks to:

1. Dr. Sofian Sugioko, MM, CPMA., Rector of Buddhi Dharma University.

2. Dr. Lilie Suratminto, M.A., Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and

Humanities of Buddhi Dharma University.

3. Ms. Riris Mutiara Paulina Simamora, S.Pd., Mhum., Head of English

Department of Buddhi Dharma University.

4. Ms. Sonya Ayu Kumala, S.Hum., M.Hum as my academic as well as

thesis supervisor for the guidance, patience, all the help which are very

important to me.

5. All of the lecturers of Buddhi Dharma University for the lessons, advice,

lesson and moments.

6. My parents who have worked hard to let me enroll the university and one

of the reason this research happened. Also to my sibling who always

support me to finish this research.

7. SMA Buddhi‟s group (Tomlay, Kevin, Steven, Andi, Wendi, and the

others) for accompany me playing dota and distract me from this research

sometimes..

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, the improvement of digital and technology in the music industry has brought people many advantages. By using the internet, people in different countries can communicate easily with each other by delivering a message through a music video that has been made. However, the language differentiation of each country makes it more difficult to understand the meaning of the signs within the music video. The sign itself is not only as minor information but something that has more meaning hidden within it. According to Barthes, the concept of semiotics can be used as a tool to uncover the hidden meanings in the text. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to analyze the meaning of Jonas Blue‟s Rise music video through the Semiotic theory of Roland Barthes. By making this research, the writer attempts to discuss and explain the Connotative meaning, Denotative meaning and Myth that can be found in Jonas Blue‟s music video Rise. In doing the analysis, the writer uses qualitative methodology which are filled with words instead of numbers. The data of this research are taken from the scene in Jonas Blue‟s music video on Youtube. The result of the analysis shows that there are 10 data that can be found in the video, and there are 10 denotative meaning and connotative meaning in the scenes from the video. .

Keywords: Semiotics, Barthes, Jonas Blue, Music, Video

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FINAL PROJECT PROPOSAL...... i

FINAL PROJECT APPROVAL...... ii

RECOMENDATION FOR THE ELIGIBILITY...... iii

THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS...... iv

STATEMENT AUNTENTICITY...... v

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...... vi

ABSTRACT...... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS...... ix

LIST OF FIGURES...... xi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...... 1

1.1 Background of the Study...... 1

1.2 Statement of the problem...... 4

1.3 Research Question...... 5

1.4 Goal and Function...... 5

1.4.1 Goal of the Study...... 5

1.4.2 Function of the Study...... 5

1.5 Scope and Limitation...... 6

1.6 Conceptual Framework...... 6

CHAPTER II THEORITICAL BACKGROUND...... 8

2.1 Review of the Previous Study...... 8

2.2 Semiotics...... 9

2..2.1 Sign...... 10

2.2.2 Ferdinand de Saussure...... 10

2.2.3Charles Sanders Peirce...... 11

2.2.4 Roland Barthes...... 12

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...... 16

3.1 Research Approach...... 16

3.2 Data Types...... 17

3.3 Data Sources...... 17

3.3.1 Jonas Blue...... 18

3.3.2 Rise...... 19

3.4Data Collection Method...... 20

3.5 Data Analysis...... 20

CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS ...... 21

4.1 Analysis...... 21

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...... 37

5.1 Conclusion...... 37

5.2Suggestion ...... 38

REFERENCES...... 39

APPENDICES...... 41

APPENDIX I...... 41

APPENDIX II...... 46

CURICULUM VITAE...... 48

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Conceptual Framework...... 6 Figure 2 Saussure‟s concept of sign...... 11 Figure 3 Peirce‟s concept figures...... 11 Figure 4 Barthes‟s concept figure...... 14 Figure 5 Camera zoom from dark to light...... 21 Figure 6 Young boy sticking out tongue...... 23 Figure 7 Couple kissing in the public space...... 25 Figure 8 Young girl sliding on banister...... 26 Figure 9 Couple laying on the bed...... 27 Figure 10 The young people walking side by side...... 29 Figure 11 The group of young people walking under the bridge...... 30 Figure 12 Duo Jack stand on the skate board park...... 32 Figure 13 Jonas Blue playing music in the music party...... 34 Figure 14 The camera zooming out from the crowd...... 35

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

The improvement in the digital and technology aspect in this modern era have brought people so many advantages. People nowadays are able to communicate with other people from different places, countries and regions with the internet.

Unfortunately, people from different countries have different customs and languages. People often find difficulties to deliver the message to other people with a different language. However, the problems can be helped by using gestures, body languages, and symbols that have general meanings that are commonly understandable by other people. People can understand the general meaning of symbol and sign. In this case, Semiotics has a very important role.

Moreover, Semiotics will help people to communicate through signs.

According to Peirce (1978), semiotics is the relation or functional character of the sign (Greenlee:1973). By dealing with the signs, this study will help people to recognize and understand the meaning of signs that they find.

People can find signs in many places, for example, The "red" of the traffic light corresponds to 'stop,' "green" to 'proceed,' and "amber" to 'attention‟.

(Hjelmslev 1943: 113). With the help of sign, people across the world can understand the meaning without knowing about the native language.

Sign and symbols are occured in many aspects in people‟s daily lifes, and one of them which people likely to find almost everyday is music.

According to Merriam Webster (2017), Music is the science or art of ordering

1 tones or sounds in succession, in combination, and in temporal relationships to produce a composition having unity and continuity. Most people in every country enjoy and listen to music almost everyday, everytime and every moment. Even when they have no idea about the meaning of the song, they do still enjoy the blast which they get from the song. As the writer may sum up of the statements below, music according to the writer is, one of the universal language which can connect people with the different language and culture by the symbols, signs and the messages which are within‟ the song.

The song itself has so many genre starting from pop, electronic, rock, hip hop, classical, jazz, and others as stated in Ranker (2017). Looking to the music interest nowadays, Thetoptens.com (2019) states that pop music is one of the target music which is most people aim to listen to. One of the artists whose works are delighted by so many people is Jonas Blue.

Jonas Blue is a British music producer, song writer, remix artist. He has released a steady stream of hits and collaborating with a number of artists from

Europe and North America. On May 2018 he released the single title Rise, featuring vocals by the United States pop-rap duo „Jack and Jack‟. The song was major hit, peaking at the third position in „UK Singles‟ chart. It was certified “platinum” by the „ARIA‟ and “gold” in the UK and New Zealand.

Jonas Blue‟s music video is quiet popular with teenagers and youngster.

Based on Collins English Dictionary (2017), music video is a video containing music, especially one created to promote a pop song. They try to insert not only a story but also signs which represent the reality. Those signs cannot be interpreted without any relevant theory in order to avoid misunderstanding.

Moreover, one of the theories that can be used to analyze this issue is Semiotic by Roland Barthes (1964).

In Barthes (1964)‟s cultural and literary criticism, Barthes used the concept of connotative semiotics to uncover the hidden meanings in texts. In his Mythologies (1957: 131), he defined such systems of secondary meanings as myths. Later, Barthes described this sphere of connotations as an ideology.

The mass media create mythologies or ideologies as secondary connotative systems by attempting to give their messages a foundation in nature, considered as a primary denotative system. At the denotative level, they express primary, "natural" meanings. At the connotative level, they conceal secondary, ideological meanings. By referring to a denotative level of content which cannot be questioned, for example a cover photo of the French magazine Paris-Match published in the mid-1950s (Barthes 1957: 116). The photo shows ("denotates") 'a black African in a French uniform saluting a

French flag'. But beyond this denotative sign, there is the implicit content that

"France is a great colonial Empire with loyal black citizens in its army, etc."

This content is the content of a new (connotative) sign. Its expression is the whole of the denotative sign, "myth does not deny things; it purifies them, it makes them innocent, it gives them a natural and eternal justification" Barthes

(1964).

The researcher found some related previous studies about semiotics to support the analysis of this research. The first one is “Semiotics Analysis of

BTS‟s Music Video Blood, Sweat, and Tears through Morris‟ Theory.” By

Nadya Prajnadi from Buddhi Dharma University. She discussed the signs in the

BTS‟s music video. Through Morris theory, she analyzed the meaning of signs.

She analyzes the three aspect of the signs (syntatic, semantic, and pragmatic) of

Morris‟s theory. She defines the sign with the micro and macro analysis, syntatic, semantic and pragmatic, and analyzes the verbal and non verbal signs.

Refer to previous studies, people realize signs can be found in many cases and have another meaning. Even small thing around environment has various signs. Those are not just empty things without having any meaning.

There has to be an observation to find out those senses. That is why this topic becomes very interesting to be studied because the researcher finds there are many people, especially youngster and teenagers that enjoy and watching the music video and they feel that the music video represent their life. Moreover, this research would like to carry out a topic under the title Semiotics Analysis of

Jonas Blue‟s Music Video Rise through Barthes‟s Theory. The researcher is willing to find out the meaning of the signs on the music video using Barthes‟ theory of semiotics. .

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Music Industry has grown vast it the music itself can be used as the media to deliver a message rather than just an entertainment tool. The message itself can be found in the lyrics and visual in music video in the form of sign. The sign itself usually represent to our social and culture live.In this case the researcher wanted to do research on semiotic aspect from Roland Barthes‟s theory to find the denotative meaning and connotative meaning that can be found in Jonas

Blue – Rise music video song.

1.3 Research Question

According to the statement of the problem above. The research questions are as follows :

1. What are the denotative meaning and connotative meaning in Jonas

Blue – Rise‟s Video Scene?

1.4 Goal and Function

In this study, the researcher has his goal and function as follows:

1.4.1 Goal

The goal of this research is to find out the meaning of connotative meaning, denotative meaning through the signs that can be found in Jonas

Blue‟s music video Rise.

1.4.2 Functions

1. Giving references for the future research in analyzing the meaning of sign based on Barthes‟ theory.

2. For the students of English Department this research can help to encourage them to do research on semiotic studies by using Roland Barthes‟s theory.

3. For the people from music industries, this research can be references to help them to make a good music video.

4. For Buddhi Dharma University, this research will help to enrich semiotic study especially through Barthes‟s theory.

5. For Jonas Blue‟s fans, this research can help to understand the music video interpretation more.

1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The scope of this research is Semiotic studies. The researcher limit the theory of semiotic only on Barthes (1964) theory. This research is only identifying the denotative meaning and connotative meanaing that appear in a music video.

The researcher uses a music video from Jonas Blue which is taken from

Youtube as the object. The music video‟s title is Rise.

1.6 Conceptual Frame work

process: analyze sign through dennotative and connotaive

input: output:

Music video's scenes the sign interpretation

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework of this research is as follows :

First, the researcher will collect the potential signs that appeared in Jonas

Blue‟s Rise music video. Second, he will starts to input the data. Third, he will examine the data by employing the semiosis theory of Barthes. Finally, the researcher will find the results, which consist of the denotative meaning and connotative meaning of Barthes‟ theory of semiotics.

CHAPTER II

THEORITICAL BACKGROUND

2.1 Review of the Previous Studies

The researcher found some related previous studies about semiotics to support the analysis of this research. The first one is “Semiotics Analysis of BTS‟s

Music Video Blood, Sweat, and Tears through Morris‟ Theory.” By Nadya

Prajnadi (2018) from Buddhi Dharma University. She discussed the signs in the BTS‟s music video. Through Morris theory, she analyzed the meaning of signs. She analyzes the three aspect of the signs (syntatic, semantic, and pragmatic) of Morris‟s theory. She defines the sign with the micro and macro analysis, syntatic, semantic and pragmatic, and analyze the verbal and non verbal signs.

Another previous study is “Analisis Semiotik Pesan Perdamaian Pada

Video Klip „salam Alaikum Harris J” . By Noni Wilda Sari(2016) from Islam

Negeri University. She analyzed the meaning of “Freedom” through the connotative, dennotative and myth according to Barthes theory, that found in the music video. The object taken from music video “ „Salam Alaikum” by

Harris J. She found some myth within the video, such as : a black skin colored people are lower than white skin colored people.

The third one is Appeals and imperatives Verbal and Nonverbal Signs in

The Commuter Line of Jabodetabek through semiosis Process by Grace

Matheana Dewi (2017) from Buddhi Dharma University. She discusses about the signs at the commuter line which take a big impact towards the passenger.

Through the Pierce theory, she analyze the meaning of the signs. Not only the meaning but also she tried to divide the signs by sorting the appeal and imperative words. As the result, she found out some of the signs were synchronized and some others are not.

The similarity from all of the previous studies above is they are researching about signs that appears on everyday life, like on music video on internet, music, and train. The research on this paper also analyzes signs that appear on the scene in music video from Youtube. Despite of the similarity, there are also the differences from the three previous studies and this research.

The first previous studies used Morris‟s theory and the third previous studies used Pierce‟s theory in analyzing the data while this study use Barthes theory.

The second studies focuses on searching the meaning of peace in its object while this study focus on semiotic aspect that can be found in the music video.

2.2 Semiotics

According to Saussure (1857-1913) in Winfried (1990)

“A science that studies the life of signs within society is conveiable, I shall call it semiology (from Greek semeion “sign”). Semiology would show what constitutes signs, what laws govern them. Since the science does not yet exist, no one can say what it would be, but it has right to existence, a place staked out in advance.” The term semeiotics was explained by Hippocrates (460 – 377 BC), the founder of western medical science, as the science of symptoms. The symptom,

Hippocrates claimed, was a semeion the Greek word of physical “mark” or

“sign”. Unraveling what a symptom stands for, how it manifest itself physically, and why it is indicative of certain ailments or conditions is the essence of medical diagnosis (Danesi, 1946).

Based on explanations from the experts above, Semiotics is a branch of linguistic which studies about symptoms (mark or sign). The symptoms appear in daily life among the society. Then, the process to interpret the meaning can be done by three steps. First, knowing the reference from the symptom.

Second, showing the physical interpretation of the symptom. The last, analyzing the symptom.

2.2.1 Sign

Sign is something which is easy to find in daily life. Many people tend to find the sign without realizing the true meaning of the sign itself, or for the opposite people who do recognize the meaning of the sign itself, might give their interpration right away . “A sign is that which we now perceive and, besides, consider to be connected with something else, by virtue of our or someone else‟s experience”. By Leibniz (1672) Semiosis is thus based on association of perceptions, and the sign is an istrument of human cognition. In the process of reasoning, signs fulfill of useful and necessary tools since they serve as an

“abbreviation” of the more complex semantic concept which they represent :

“All human reasoning is performed by means of certain signs or characters.

Indeed, it is neither possible nor desirable that the things themselves or even the ideas of them always distincly observed by the mind. So, for reason of economy, signs are used for them”, Dascal (1987).

2.2.2 Ferdinand the Saussure

According to Saussure (1915-1966), a sign is a combinantion of a concept and a sound-image, a combination that cannot be separated. And Saussure think

10 that the meaning of sign can be expanded, then he makes an additional explanation about sign:

“I propose to retain the word sign [signe] to designate the whole and to replace concept and sound respectively by signified [signifié] and signifier [signifiant]; the last two terms have advantage of indicating the opposition that separates them from each other and from the whole which they are parts.”.

Figure 2. Saussure’s concept of sign (Source google.com)

Therefore, signifier is the word, image, sound, and the thing that we point to, while signified is the meaning, concept, the thing that we image in our inner mind, or the object that refers to the word that appeared in our image. For example, the signifier „Real me 3‟ and the signified (a mobile phone from xiaomi) are inseparably one.

2.2.3 Charles Sanders Peirce

Charles Sanders Peirce was a pragmatist philosopher and logician who formulated his own model of the sign. Peirce has different model with

Saussure, where Saussure‟s model of sign was two sided from while Peirce was a triadic model. The triadic model consisted of :

Figure 3. Peirce’s concept figure (Source : google.com)

1. The Representament or sign vehicle is the feature from the sign.

2. An Interpretant is the sense which makes of the sign.

3. An Object is also called a refferent, means something beyond the sign to which is refers.

Peirce also said :

“A sign . . . [in the form of representamen] is something which stands to somebody for something in some respect or capacity. It adressess somebody, that is, creates in the mind of that person an equivalent sign, or perhaps a more developed sign. That sign which it creates I call the Interpretant of the first sign. The sign stands for something, its Object. It stands for that object, not in all respects, but in reference to a sort of idea, which I have sometimes called the ground of the representamen.” (Peirce 1931) Peirce also divides sign into three modes:

1. Symbol or symbolic is a sign that does not represent the signified but there is an agreement about it. For example, Morse code, national flags, music notes, and others.

2. Icon or iconic is the imitation from the signified which resembles the real one, i.e a portrait , a cartoon, a drawing, imitiatives gestures, and so on.

3. Index or indexical does not refer to the real object but it is still directly connected in some way to the signified. For example, natural signs like smoke, thunder, footprints, echoes, non-synthetic odours and flavours; medical symptoms, like pain, a rash, pulse – rate; measuring instrument, like weathercock, thermometer, clock; Signals, like a knock on door, phone ringing, clapping hand, and others.

2.2.4 Roland Barthes

In the 1960s, Roland Barthes was both a leading structuralist and one of the earliest propagators of Saussure‟s semiological program. Barthes defined a sign

12 as a system consisting of an Expression (signifier), in relation to a content

(signified). Such a primary sign system can become an element of a more comprehensive sign system. If the extension of primary sign becomes the expression of secondary sign system. In this case, the primary sign is one of denotative while the secondary sign is one of connotative semiotics.

Barthes presented the concept of signification into denotative and connotative.

According to Bathes, denotative meaning is the true meaning that people known by the word, how the object is looks like, and cannot be questioned.

Connotative meaning is influenced by cultural interpretation and only be understood by the people in that culture itself. Which means with the different culture, people will have different interpretation. the two elements from saussure‟s model of signifier and signified elaborated with Barthes‟ concept into two level of signification. The first level of signification is called denotative system or primary system, after that he develop the primary system into the secondary system which is called connotative. Elements in the second level of interpretation or the connotative influenced by the cultural interpretation, and can only be understood by a society with the same culture at certain time. Barthes made the concept of E-R-C.

E-R-C stands for Expression Relation and Content. Expression is the Signifier or the form of the sign. Relation is how the signiefier and sifnified related to.

Content is the signified or the concept of interpretation of the sign.

Figure 4. Barthes’s concept figure (Source : google.com)

An example of such a semiotic system is a cover photo of the French magazine Paris match published in the mid 1950s, the photo shows „a black

African in a rench uniform saluting a French flag‟ But beyond the denotative sign, there is an implicit content that “France is a great colonial Empire with loyal black citizens in its army, etc.” This content is the content of a new

(connotative) sign. Its expression is the whole denotative sign.

In his cultural and literary criticism, Barthes used the concept of connotative semiotics to uncover the hidden meanings in texts. In his

Mythologies, he defined such system of secondary meaning as myths. Barthes described this sphere of connotations as an ideology. The mass media creates mythologies or ideologies as secondary connotative systems by attempting to give their messages a foundation in nature, considered as a primary denotative system. At the denotative level, they express primary, “natural” meanings. At the connotative level, they conceal secondary, ideological meanings. By referring to a denotative level of content which cannot be questioned.

The ERC system can be divided by 2 level, for example an image of a a man holding a glass with mc donald logo on it.:

Denotative level :

E1 : Glass

R1 : Which holded by someone

C1 : as a container where we pour water or liquid form things to hold

and is used as a tool to drink.

Connotative level :

E2 : Glass

R2 : Which holded by someone

C2 : as a tool to promote „Mc Donald” brand

The connotative meaning of the glass is not only a tool we use to drink water but it is as tool to promote because there is mc donald logo on it which makes us think that the glass is form the mc donald and the man bought it from Mc

Donald.

In this research, from three experts above, the researcher chooses

Roland Barthes‟s theory. Saussure and Peirce‟s theories are used as additional theory to support Barthes‟s theory. The researcher chose the Barthes‟ theory with the concept of connotative and denotative

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Approach

According to Creswell (2014), there are three types of research approaches that can be used in doing research, qualitative research, quantitative research and mixed method research. In this research researcher use qualitative approach where it is an approach for exploring and understanding the meaning of individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem. Those who use this approach, usually collect the data that are documented. Qualitative data also makes interpretations of the meaning of the data, and there are no numeric variables data here. Based on the explanation above the researcher will utilize the qualitative approach for this research since the researcher wants to get qualitative description of the data that are being used in this research.

In qualitative approach, a researcher tries to understand participants experience with the central phenomenon (the focus of the study) in a natural setting, using research approaches such as ethnography or case study. Instead of numbers, researchers collect words (text such as interviews or observation notes) and images (picture or audio visual footage) about the phenomenon of the study. As much as possible without preconceived hypotheses or ideas, the data analyzed for common patterns (themes) in order to allow multiple interpretation of participant individual experience. Based on the explanation above, the researcher focuses on the qualitative approach for this research.

3.2 Data Types

Data can be defined into ; qualitative data and quantitative data, where

Quantitative data are “anything that can be expressed as a number, or quantified.” Examples of quantitative data are scores on achievement test, weight and height of a subject. These data may be represented by ordinal, interval or ratio scales and lend themselves to most statistical manipulation.

While Qualitative data cannot be expressed as a number. Data that represent nominal scales such as gender, socio economic status, religious preference are usually considered to be qualitative data.

Jonas Blue‟s Rise music video and lyric are the data in this research paper which do not have any relation with statistic analysis. The researcher obtains the verbal and non verbal signs that emerge on the music video and make the data as the object of this study. As the object, the music video shows pictures or visual materials, like song, lightning, cloth, and so on. Therefore, this paper uses qualitative data as the data types of research.

3.3 Data Sources

Collecting the data can be obtained through two methods : primary data and secondary data. Primary data are those which are collected fresh and for the first time, and thus happend to be original in character, where the researcher collects the data through experiments, survey, observation, interviews, and so on. While the secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process. The secondary data can be found in any sources depends on the topic

17 that is being conducted. Websites, journals, books, public records, and so on are some examples of secondary data (Khotari, 1990).

The data in this study uses secondary data as the data sources. The researcher takes the object from Youtube channel. There are also some additional information which are collected from internet. Moreover, this data are not new data but being obtained from another sources.

3.3.1 Jonas Blue

Based on Heightline (2019) Jonas blue is an English record producer, Disc

Jockey, record producer song writer and remixer. He is live in London and produces music which primarily mixes pop with dances. He was born on

August 2, 1989, his real name is Guy James Robin but he prefer to go by his stage name „Jonas Blue‟. In 2015, Jonas released his debut single which was a cover of fast car, a 1988 single by Tracy Chapman. The single, featuring

Dakota, whose sultry vocals played a huge role in carrying the song to the top of 17 international charts. His version of the song took the second place on the

UK Singles Chart, right behind Pillowtalk by Zayn Malik. It also maintained its top spot for 11 weeks. With its position at number two on the UK charts, the single ranked higher than the original version of the song which settled at #5 on the chart in May 1988 and #4 after it was re-released in April 2011. The remix further reached #1 on iTunes in Germany, Sweden, Australia and New Zealand while also taking the number one spot on the US viral chart on Spotify. That‟s not all! Fast Car was also certified platinum in the UK, Italy, New Zealand (2×

Platinum), and Australia (3× Platinum).

In 2016, Jonas Blue became the best-selling British singles artist of the year following his release of two more singles, Perfect Strangers and By Your

Side. Perfect Strangers landed in the Top Ten internationally, certified platinum in the UK, double platinum in Australia and gold in New Zealand. As a result of the track, Jonas Blue reached 1billion streams across his tracks and videos. With this huge success, he outshined the likes of Zayn Malik and Olly

Murs as he outsold them in the charts. The next year, precisely on 5 May 2017,

Jonas released the song Mama, featuring Australian pop vocalist William

Singe. In the same year, the DJ and producer was nominated for British Single and British Artist Video of the Year for his version of Fast Car.

3.3.2 Rise

Rise is a track by Jonas Blue featuring vocals from American duo Jack and

Jack. The lyric of Rise, which pays homage the struggle of the young, center mainly on the themes of youthful exuberance, perverance, and resistance againt the older generations. Rise was written by Jonas blue and two other English song writer, namely Ed Drewett and Romans. The official music video of Rise was released on June 15th, 2018. Jonas Blue solely produced the track while

Jack and Jack only sang the vocals on the track. This track climbed to the number 3 spot on UK Singles Chart in 2018, and away from UK the song also entered the top 10 in a number of countries, including Austria and Germany.

3.4 Data Collection Method

Researcher uses secondary data as the object of this paper. The data is taken from official Youtube Channel of Jonas Blue which has been downloaded by the researcher. These are the steps that the researcher used for collecting data :

1. The researcher watches the music video of Jonas Blue titled Rise

2. The researcher pays attention to the signs which appear in the video

3. After collecting the signs, the researcher identifies the verbal and non verbal signs that will be analyzed through semiosis theory of Barthes (1964)

3.5 Data Analysis

The data which have been collected then being analyzed through semiosis theory of Barthes (1964). Here are the steps that the researcher do while examining the data:

1. The researcher analyzes the dennotative meaning in the scene.

2. The researcher analyzes the connotative meaning in the scene.

CHAPTER IV

DATA ANALYSIS

After collecting the data, researcher analyzes the data. The data are the scenes from Jonas Blue‟s Rise music video, researcher analyzes the data through the semiosis of Roland Barthes. To make it clear, the researcher analyzes the data only focus on the actions and places that shows on the scenes.

4.1 Analysis

The music video “Rise” focus mainly on the themes of struggles of the young.

The exuberance, resistance and perseverance against the older generation. The signs that have been collected by the researcher will be analyzed through the references.

Data 1 Duration 00:01 – 00:12

Figure 5. Camera zoom from dark to light

21 a. Denotative

E1 : Dark and Light

R1 : The movement of camera from dark and narrow place to bright and open space

C1 : The camera moving from dark and narrow and dark place and going forward to open and bright space.

In this scene, the view of the camera capture the video from the dark narrow place move slowly to the balcony which is open and light space. This video shows that the angle move from inside of the house to outside. b. Connotative

E2 : Dark and Light

R2 : The movement of camera from dark and narrow place to bright and open space

C2 : The movement from the dark and narrow side to bright and open space represent the color of black and white. Where in many cultures, black and white is an opposite, like in western culture the white symbolizes purity, elegance and peace. While, dark or black symbolizes death and evil

(Shutterstock : 2019). Both dark and white are color and the color represent the perception where the perception of the young people and old people are different. Young people see the old people as intolerant and strict individuals while the old people see the young people as carefree, there is a gap between the lifestyle of the old generation and the young generation. White represent the positive and black represent the negative, based on the western culture. The

22 scenes shows us that there is a gap and difference between the young generation and the old generation.

Data 2

Duration 00:51 – 00:53

Figure 6. Young boy sticking out tongue a. Denotative

E1 : Gesture of sticking out tongue

R1 : The black boy that sticking out his tongue

C1 : This scene shows the black young girl approach the black young boy with punk style fashion, after they meet eyes, the boy sticking his tongue out while talking to the black girl. The researcher focus on the gesture of sticking our tongue. Sticking out tongue included as s gesture, where gesture is a movement that has meaning or symbolizes something. b. Connotative

E2 : Gesture of sticking out tongue

R2 : The black boy sticking out his tongue

C2 : From the denotative we can see that the young black boy sticking out his tongue. Where mostly black teen boys in western countries are labelled as a bad boy althought the reality can be different. For sticking out toungue, in the most western culture sticking out tongue is a gesture that considered as an insult. Most of the meaning is to teasing, disliking, angry, rude. Although it might be seems rude for the westerner, this kind of gesture is used by the Tibetan to greet the other people. (Brighthubeducation:2019). But because the theme in this video is the western, the most suitable meaning for this sticking out tongue gesture is the impolite one. This scene shows that the boy sticking out his tongue with ease, although for some cultures it is really insulting, the boy represent the young generation and by sticking out tongue, it shows that the young generation lack of manner.

Data 3

Duration 00:55 – 00:56

Figure 7. Couple kissing in the public space a. Denotative

E1 : Kissing in the public

R1 : a couple that kissing in the public

C1 : In this scene, the couple walking down the street and then they kissing each other while walking and then holding each other‟s hand and smiling. b. Connotative

E2 : Kissing in the public

R2 : a couple that kissing in the public

C2 : The scene shows the couple kissing, in the western culture it is common to see this kind of scenery but for people from asian coutry it is not acceptable, in the western big country like America and England, because the global modernization, the people from the asian come and stay in the big

25 country, and the culture it self merging each other and because of that kissing in the public is seemed quiet rude to people from Asia.

Data 4 Duration 00:56 – 00:58

Figure 8. Young girl sliding on banister a. Denotative

E1 : Sliding on the banister

R1 : the girl sliding on the banister

C1 :In this scene there are young girl sliding on the banister and the young boy dancing while walking down the stairs. The movement is commonly used by the young people and children. But it is also dangerous that risk their safety b. Connotative

E2 : Sliding on the banister

R2 : The girl sliding on the banister

C2 : From this scene, it shows us that the young generation often like to do dangerous things, even it may hurt themshelves. Sliding on the banister or dancing at the stairs is dangerous thing, because the banister can be broken because the weight and the girl can hit her head because sliped on the banister and the boy might be tripped on the stairs and fall. It makes the young generation seems like to do dangerous things. From the scene where the girl sliding on the banister and the boy dancing on the stairs, both of them have the same risk which can threaten their own safety but the young people on the video seems not care and just do it. This scene shows a message that the young people often do things that they seen as a cool thing, but it is can threaten their own safety.

Data 5 Duration 01:12 – 01:18

Figure 9. Couple laying on the bed

27 a. Denotative

E1 : couple

R1 : couple laying on the bed

C1 :The scene shows there are a couple, with only using underwear hugging each other on the bed where the camera getting closer to them. This indicate to the act of sex where they strip down their clothes, and laying on the same bed. b. Connotative

E2 : couple

R2 : couple laying on the bed

C2 :The couple that laying on the bed represent the young generation couple now adays. The camera getting closer indicates the inmate relationship and represent the free sex life of young generation‟s couple. In many countries it is prohibited to have free sex if the couple have not married yet. Especially in eastern countries where there is a law that forbids free sex life. the young generation‟s love affair tends to do free sex life style. From the video we can see how the young couple laying on the bed with underwear hugging each other this shows how intimate the couple. The gesture where the boy and the girl half naked holding each other shows the gesture of a couple that ready to do sex. In most eastern countries, there is law that forbid the act of free sex.

Even in most country in eastern country they have regulation that a boy should not live with a girl who is not its legal partner. Even in some countries, if they prohibit a boy and a girl stay at the same room by themselves.

Data 6

Duration 01:36 – 01:37

Figure 10. The young people walking side by side a. Denotative

E1 : Group of young people

R1 : Group of young people with different fashion style

C1 : The group which consist of young teen from diferent races walking with different fashion style. They are smiling and walking side by side, with their different fashion style. b. Connotative

E2 : Group of young people

R2 : Group of young people with different fashion style

C2 : This scene shows that young generation dressed just like what they wanted they don‟t like to dress tidy or formal one. And the young generation from different races wallking together side by side which don‟t care about their skin color. This indicates the alcuturation already happening in most countries.

Most of young generation doesn‟t mind about skin color or racism anymore.

Because of the modernization, the people, especially the young people, do not judge other people by their skin color or ethnic, they determine the others by how the other behave.

Data 7

Duration 01:44 – 01:46

Figure 11. The group of young people walking under the bridge a. Denotative

E1 : Graffity

R1 : Graffity on the pillar

C1 :The young group walking together under the bridge where the pillars are drawn with graffity. In this scene the researcher only focuses on the graffity that drawn on the pillar where graffity is writing or drawings made on a wall or other surface, usually as a form of artistic expression, without permission and within public view.

30 b. Connotative

E2 : Graffity

R2 : Graffity on the pilar

C2 :This scene shows that the pillar is being drawn with graffity which is most of the graffity drawing or vandalism is done by the young generation.Vandalism is the action involving deliberate damage or destruction of public or private property. Many suspect of vandalism in many countries are the young people. Even in social media such as Youtube, Facebook and

Instagram we can search many videos related to vandalism or people creating graffity, and most of the video shows the young people do this kind of thing.

Because of those videos and public opinion, the young generation identic with vandalism. Vandalism and graffity itself are illegal, because they damage and drawings things without permission and can be seen by public.

Data 8

Duration 01:54 – 02:14

Figure 12. Duo Jack stand on the skate board park a. Denotative

E1 : Skate Board Park

R1 : Skate Board Park on the background

C1 :The scene shows the Duo Jack singing and dancing in the skateboard park and the camera focuses on the Duo Jack‟s face upclose. In this scene researcher focuses on the skateboard park that shown as the background. b. Connotative

E2 : Skate Board Park

R2 : Skate Board Park on the background

C2 :This scene are taken in skate park which is used to do skate boarding and skate board is one of the extreme sport which have more possibilities to get injured, just like many sports. Like football, cycling, boxing. But Skate boarding seemed to be more negative than the other sports. This is because the behavior of skateboarder. Researcher found so many videos in Youtube related to skate boarding that shows the skateboarder do many dangerous stunts without safety and even do it in public facilities, not only that, they do skate boarding even in the main road, this may made the people seeing the skateboarding itself a dangerous thing and have bad influence to their children.

Then the goverment made a skateboard park to be the place where the skateboarder can do their hobby safely. Skateboard park itself favorite place to young generation to hangout and skateboarding. That is the reason the skateboard park mostly used by the the young generation. This scene can related to the act of young generation that loves to do skate boarding, where

32 skate boarding is one of the dangerous and extreme sports where the idea to do skateboarding is to do the stunts and dangerous but good looking moves. It is contrast with the old generation which like to do something safety without risk.

Even though skateboarding doesn‟t always related to the bad things but because it is needed to do it in safe place and with the minimum facilities for skateboarder, many skateboarder that skate boarding on the street and this make skate boarding now adays seems dangerous and bad for children.

Data 9 Duration 03:00 – 03:26

Figure 13. Jonas Blue playing music in the music party a. Denotative

E1 : Music Party

R1 : Jonas Blue play music in the music party

C1 : In this scene the young group join the music party. It shows Jonas

Blue playing as a DJ and the crowd which the dominance of young people encore the Jonas Blue. It is shown that the party is held at the late night. b. Connotative

E2 : Music Party

R2 : Jonas Blue play musi in the music party

C2 :Music party or Dj shows are well known as the event for young generation where there are many laser light, loud music with big bass. This kind of event is pretty popular and many young people willing to stay up late night just to join this kind of event, different with the old generation where we can see that the old generation kind of annoyed with this kind of event. Because staying uplate for party not only reduce the productivity, but also can reduce one‟s health.

Staying up late night and shifting sleep schedule can increase risk of heart disease by 11 percent. And there are many accidents that caused by the lack of sleep.

(Medicaldaily:2019) this scene shows that the young generation joining this kind of event and reducing their sleeping time.

Data 10

Duration 03:27 – 03:31

Figure 14. The camera zooming out from the crowd a. Denotative

E1 : Camera moving away

R1 : The video taken from the camera that moving away from the crowd

C1 :The screen is framing out with the scene of the party held in the night and it kept moving out till it was dark. In this scene researcher the focuses on the way of the camera zooming out and blackout at the end. b. Connotative

E2 : Camera moving away

R2 : the video taken from the camera that moving away from the crowd

C2 : This scene can be related to one of the Rise‟s lyric line. “We gonna rise till‟ we fall”. It shows that the young generation‟s struggle againts the old generation where they are struggling to fight the old generation‟s idea with their own idea. This scene means the the young generation will fight for their own idea and freedom until they stuck or change their own idea. The light

35 reuced to black out represent the struggle of the young generation that struggling againts the old generation‟s perspective to them. So this show that the young generation is not going to give up easily or persistent with their own ideas.

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

After analyzing the data which are taken from Jonas Blue‟s music video Rise, the researcher finds several the meaning of the video. As the result, the researcher collected ten discussions from the video. As the answer for the research question, the denotative, connotative in Jonas Blue‟s music video Rise shows a concept of young generation that struggle against the old generation point of view. Here, almost all the signs refers to the how the young generation have different view from the old generation. The researcher found out ten denotative and connotative meaning in the music video, this answer the research question

By analyzing the music video, researcher found and discussed 10 data that contain the denotative meaning and connotative meaning. Most of old generation are people who strict to the rules and culture while most of the young generation people want to live their life to the fullest which means they do what they wanted to do and because of global improvement, the cultures from other places merged with the local culture so the local culture which is very important to the old generation is being forgotten because of so many cultures merged with the local, then the old generation get the idea of the young generation lack of moral, culture understanding and so on. It is because of the culture itself is being changing, with so many culture being in one place they are merged and become a new modern culture and this is why the mindset of old generation will be different with the young generation.

5.2 Suggestion

This research focuses more on analyzing the signs through Barthes (1964)

theory. The researcher also realizes that there are still many things to be

disscussed from the theory and the data. The researcher hopes that the future

researcher who wants to conduct the similar topic can do a better researcher.

They can conduct the research with different object from this paper, like symbol

or signs from social media, movie, conversation, and so on. Not only the object

but also the other researcher can choose another theory to analyze the data. For

example, the other researcher can use the theory of Barthes, Saussure, and

others.

The researcher also reminds the other researchers that while doing the obsevation or the research, you have to focus on your topic and do the research gladly. Take the research material that suitable with your abilities. Make sure you really comprehend with the theory so the research question can be solved easily.

Finally, the researcher hopes that this research can give some references for the other researcher to conduct a research about semiotics.

REFERENCES

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London : New Fetter Lane

Creswell, John W. (2014). Research Design : qualitative , quantitative, and

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Nonverbal Signs in the Commuter Line of Jabodetabek

through Semiosis Process. Tangerang : Universitas Buddhi

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Khotari, C.R (2004). Research Methodology : Methods and Techniques. New

Delhi : New Age International Ltd.

Nöth, Winfried. (1990). Handbook of Semiotics Advances in Semiotics. United

States of America : Indiana University Press.

Prajnadi, Nadya. (2018). Analysis of BTS‟s Music Video “Blood, Sweat, and

Tears” through the Semiotics of Charles Morris. Tangerang

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Sebeok, Thomas A. (1920). Signs : an introduction to semiotic. London :

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https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ (June 25, 2019)

Google. (2019). Google Image. Retrieved from

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Genius. (2019). Genius music lyric. Retrieved from

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APPENDIX I

Data Images captured from Jonas Blue’s Music Video Rise

APPENDIX II Jonas Blue’s Rise lyric We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall This time we got no-no-no-no future at all They wanna ke-ke-keep us down but they can't hold us down anymore We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall When we hit the bottom, then it goes up Climb to the top with you We're gonna be the breaks, once whoever waits Ya I could be talking to you They tryna hate, hate, hate, But we won't change, change anything at all We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall

They think we just dropped out Living at my mom's house Paris must be so proud They know it all They don't speak our language They say we're too savage No, no we don't need them anymore We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall They don't speak our language They say we're too savage, ya No, no we don't need them anymore We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall

So we're going no-no-no-no-no-no nowhere But we they don't know know know is we don't don't care We're gonna keepin' on, keepin' on going til' we can't go no more We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall When we hit the bottom, then it goes up Climb to the top with you We're gonna be the breaks, once whoever waits Ya I could be talking to you They tryna hate, hate, hate, But we won't change, change anything at all We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall

They think we just dropped out Living at our mom's house Paris must be so proud, they know it all No, hey don't speak our language They say we're too savage

No, no we don't give a- anymore We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall They don't speak our language

They say we're too savage, ya No, no we don't give a- anymore We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise We're gonna ri-ri-ri-ri-rise 'til we fall

CURRICULUM VITAE Personal Details Full Name :Dennis Suswanto Kadiman Gender : Male Place, Date of Birth : Tangerang, December 18th 1996 Nationality : Indonesian Marital Status : Single Religion : Buddha Address : Jalan Imam Bonjol Nomor 212 RT 1 / RW 2 Phone number : 083870141926 E-mail : [email protected]

Educational Background 2000 – 2003 : PG/TK Santo Lukas 2003 – 2009 : SD Perguruan Buddhi 2009 – 2019 : SMP Perguruan Buddhi 2012 – 2015 : SMA Perguruan Buddhi 2015 – present : Universitas Buddhi Dharma

Working Experience Worked at AW Abacus Brain Gym Indonesia Period : August 2018 - present Purpose : Permanently working Position : Teacher Job's Description : Teaching abacus, brain gym and character building to the students